IndraLab

Statements

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"These results demonstrated that USP21 stimulated cell proliferation , migration , invasion , and stemness of GC cells ."
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"Knockdown of USP16 in prostate cancer cell lines reduces cell proliferation and suppresses xenograft tumor growth."
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"For instance, USP16, known as a deubiquitinase, was strongly associated with the c-Myc gene signature to serve as a novel deubiquitinase of c-Myc, thereby enhancing the castration-resistant prostate cancer cell proliferation [16]."
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"We identify that knockdown of USP21 inhibits cell proliferation , and overexpression of USP21 promotes cell growth ."
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"Besides, Qian et al. showed that the downregulation of USP16 mediated by carboxyl-terminal truncated HBx mutants promotes the proliferation of HCC cells [88]."
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"USP21 promotes cell proliferation by maintaining the EZH2 level in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma MA et al. Abstract Background Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma ( DLBCL ) is the most common category of non-Hodgkin lymphoma ( NHL ) ."
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"In human tissues, overexpression of Usp16 reduces the expansion of normal fibroblasts and post-natal neural progenitors, while downregulation of Usp16 partially rescues the proliferation defects of fibroblasts and expands the stem cell compartment in blood, mammary epithelial tissue, and brain."
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"Furthermore , USP21 has been shown to associate with both centrosomes and microtubules to regulate cell motility in three-dimensional matrices [ 29-33 ] , and promotes cell proliferation and metastasis in kinds of cancer [ 34-37 ] ."
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"USP21 Regulates the Expression of MAPK1 Through GATA3 and Affects Cell Proliferation , Migration , Invasion , and Stemness of GC Since USP21 stimulated cell proliferation , migration , invasion , and stemness of GC , and could stabilize the expression of GATA3 by deubiquitinating GATA3 , while MAPK1 was the transcription target of GATA3 , it was further verified whether USP21 could play its oncogenic effect in GC through the GATA3 / MAPK1 axis ."
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"USP21 knockdown or overexpression in the DLBCL cell line shows that USP21 promotes cell proliferation ."
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USP21 affects IGF2BP3
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USP21 binds IGF2BP3.
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IGF2BP3 binds USP21. 4 / 4
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"The results demonstrated that the interaction between IGF2BP3 and USP16 could be abolished by ribonuclease (RNase) treatment ( Fig. 5 F) and MNX1-AS1 silencing ( Fig. 5 G)."
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"Therefore, we explored whether MNX1-AS1 was required for the interaction between IGF2BP3 and USP16."
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"Overall, these results illustrated that MNX1-AS1 functioned as a scaffold platform for IGF2BP3/USP16 interaction, thereby protecting IGF2BP3 from being degraded by the ubiquitin/proteasome system.To d[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
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"The specific interaction of IGF2BP3 and USP16 was confirmed by Co-IP followed by western blotting ( Fig. 5 B), and the results of RNA-pull-down and RIP assays demonstrated that there was an interactio[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
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USP21 deubiquitinates IGF2BP3.
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USP21 deubiquitinates IGF2BP3. 2 / 2
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"Moreover, USP16 knockdown significantly decreased IGF2BP3 protein level and increased IGF2BP3 ubiquitination level, whereas no effect of IGF2BP3 was observed on USP16 protein expression ( Fig. 5 D and[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
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"USP16 also deubiquitinates proteins in oncogenic pathways, for example, IGF2BP3 in gallbladder cancer [48], whereas Ct-HBx inhibits the expression level of USP16 in hepatocellular carcinoma [40], revealing the intrinsic link to cancer development."
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USP21 deubiquitinates ubiquitinated IGF2BP3. 1 / 1
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"USP16 then deubiquitinates poly-ubiquitinated IGF2BP3 and protects it from proteasome-dependent degradation."
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USP21 decreases the amount of IGF2BP3.
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USP21 decreases the amount of IGF2BP3. 2 / 2
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"Moreover, USP16 knockdown significantly decreased IGF2BP3 protein level and increased IGF2BP3 ubiquitination level, whereas no effect of IGF2BP3 was observed on USP16 protein expression ( Fig. 5 D and[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
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"As shown in Fig. 5 H and I, wild type USP16 but not inactive mutant USP16 rescued the decreased protein level and increased ubiquitination level of IGF2BP3 that induced by USP16 knockdown, indicating [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
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USP21 ubiquitinates IGF2BP3.
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USP21 leads to the ubiquitination of IGF2BP3. 1 / 1
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"Moreover, USP16 knockdown significantly decreased IGF2BP3 protein level and increased IGF2BP3 ubiquitination level, whereas no effect of IGF2BP3 was observed on USP16 protein expression ( Fig. 5 D and[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
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USP21 affects PLK1
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USP21 deubiquitinates PLK1.
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USP21 deubiquitinates PLK1. 5 / 5
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"Here, we further show that O-GlcNAcylation of USP16, the DUB of PLK1, enhances PLK1 deubiquitination, ensuring correct mitotic progression."
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"Nuclear USP16 also deubiquitinates PLK1 for mitotic chromosome alignment and c-Myc in prostate cancer [45,46]."
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"Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 16 (Usp16) antagonizes the activity of CUL-3-based ubiquitin ligase by deubiquitinating PLK1 at the kinetochore [94]."
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"USP16 deubiquitinates PLK1, increasing PLK1-kinetochore association to ensure proper chromosome alignment during early mitosis (28)."
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"USP16 O-GlcNAcylation promotes H2A and PLK1 deubiquitination in cells."
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USP21 activates PLK1.
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USP21 activates PLK1. 2 / 2
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"USP16 aids the correct alignment of chromosomes by promoting the localization and maintenance of polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) on kinetochores [71]."
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"Furthermore, Usp16 promotes chromosome alignment by regulating kinetochore localization of PLK1 through phosphorylation of the Cdk1 site of USP16 [94]."
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USP21 ubiquitinates PLK1.
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USP21 ubiquitinates PLK1. 1 / 1
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"Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 16 (Usp16) antagonizes the activity of CUL-3-based ubiquitin ligase by deubiquitinating PLK1 at the kinetochore [94]."
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USP21 decreases the amount of PLK1.
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USP21 decreases the amount of PLK1. 1 / 1
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"In agreement with this, CDK1-mediated phosphorylation of USP16 increases its interaction with PLK1, and USP16 knockdown increases the ubiquitination level of PLK1 and decreases its association with kinetochores, which could yield improper chromosome alignment [45] (Figure 4E)."
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USP21 affects KEAP1
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USP21 binds KEAP1.
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USP21 binds KEAP1. 5 / 5
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"Furthermore, USP16 interacts and deubiquitinates KEAP1."
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"We then examined the interaction between USP16 and KEAP1."
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"To further confirm the role of USP16 in the regulation of KEAP1, we examined the binding between USP16 and KEAP1 upon H/R."
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"The directly binding between KEAP1 and USP16 was carried out the manufacturer’s instructions."
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"Moreover, the interaction between USP16 and KEAP1 was confirmed in HEK293T cells transfected with Flag-USP16 and HA-KEAP1 (Fig. 5F)."
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USP21 deubiquitinates KEAP1.
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USP21 deubiquitinates KEAP1. 2 / 2
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"In addition, USP16 knockdown significantly increased ubiquitination of KEAP1."
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"By contrast, USP16 overexpression reduced the ubiquitination of KEAP1, and a catalytically inactive USP16 mutant (C205S) could not deubiquitinate KEAP1 (Fig. 6B, C)."
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USP21 inhibits KEAP1.
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USP21 inhibits KEAP1. 1 / 1
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"Furthermore, knockdown of USP16 markedly increased KEAP1 degradation rate (Fig. 5J)."
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USP21 increases the amount of KEAP1.
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USP21 increases the amount of KEAP1. 1 / 1
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"As expected, H/R dramatically decreased KEAP1 expression, and knockdown of USP16 further reduced KEAP1 expression, accompanied by activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway (Fig. 5H)."
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USP21 affects migration
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USP21 activates migration.
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USP21 activates migration. 5 / 5
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"These results demonstrated that USP21 stimulated cell proliferation , migration , invasion , and stemness of GC cells ."
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"We reported that USP21 promoted GC cell proliferation , migration , invasion , and stemness in vitro , and regulated GC tumor growth and cell stemness in mice in vivo ."
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"USP21 Regulates the Expression of MAPK1 Through GATA3 and Affects Cell Proliferation , Migration , Invasion , and Stemness of GC Since USP21 stimulated cell proliferation , migration , invasion , and stemness of GC , and could stabilize the expression of GATA3 by deubiquitinating GATA3 , while MAPK1 was the transcription target of GATA3 , it was further verified whether USP21 could play its oncogenic effect in GC through the GATA3 / MAPK1 axis ."
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"USP21 amplification can increase proliferation , migration , and invasion [ 64 ] ."
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"In non-small cell lung cancer , USP21 promotes tumor cell proliferation , migration , and invasion through the YY1 / SNHG16 axis ( Xu et al ., 2020 ) ."
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USP21 inhibits migration.
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USP21 inhibits migration. 1 / 1
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"Our results suggest that USP21 probably influence the function of GSC and further decrease the viability , migration , and function of chondrocytes , verifying the results of previous studies that indicated [ 5,13 ] ."
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USP21 affects STING1
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USP21 inhibits STING1. 1 / 6
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"For example, NLRC3 activation in DCs attenuates their antigen presentation function through p38 MAPK activation, which also phosphorylates USP21 (ubiquitin-specific peptidase 21, a nuclear/cytoplasmic shuttling deubiquitinase) at Ser538 to inhibit STING activity by hydrolyzing its K27/63-linked polyubiquitin chain, which limits their ability to activate CD4 T cells and their polarization to pro-inflammatory Th1 and Th17 cells to prevent against autoinflammation and autoimmunity (Figure 3) [216,217,218]."
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USP21 affects Neoplasms
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USP21 activates Neoplasms.
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USP21 activates Neoplasms. 3 / 4
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"USP16 was then found to promote K-RAS-mediated lung tumors, and knockout of USP16 in mice attenuates lung tumorigenesis induced by K-ras mutation."
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"USP21 promotes cell proliferation , tumor progression , and colony formation , and enhances cancer stem cell self-renewal ."
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"More so, modulation of USP16 in CD19 and GD2 CAR-expressing T cells seemed to potentiate the self-renewal abilities and functional efficiency in hindering tumor growth in two leukemia and neuroblastom[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
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USP21 inhibits Neoplasms.
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USP21 inhibits Neoplasms. 1 / 1
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"Knockdown of USP16 in prostate cancer cell lines reduces cell proliferation and suppresses xenograft tumor growth."
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"These results demonstrated that USP21 stimulated cell proliferation , migration , invasion , and stemness of GC cells ."
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"USP21 inhibition suppressed AMC-HN-8 and TU686 cell proliferation , migration and invasion ."
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"We reported that USP21 promoted GC cell proliferation , migration , invasion , and stemness in vitro , and regulated GC tumor growth and cell stemness in mice in vivo ."
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"USP21 Regulates the Expression of MAPK1 Through GATA3 and Affects Cell Proliferation , Migration , Invasion , and Stemness of GC Since USP21 stimulated cell proliferation , migration , invasion , and stemness of GC , and could stabilize the expression of GATA3 by deubiquitinating GATA3 , while MAPK1 was the transcription target of GATA3 , it was further verified whether USP21 could play its oncogenic effect in GC through the GATA3 / MAPK1 axis ."
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"USP21 amplification can increase proliferation , migration , and invasion [ 64 ] ."
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KEAP1 affects USP21
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USP21 binds KEAP1. 5 / 5
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"Furthermore, USP16 interacts and deubiquitinates KEAP1."
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"We then examined the interaction between USP16 and KEAP1."
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"To further confirm the role of USP16 in the regulation of KEAP1, we examined the binding between USP16 and KEAP1 upon H/R."
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"The directly binding between KEAP1 and USP16 was carried out the manufacturer’s instructions."
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"Moreover, the interaction between USP16 and KEAP1 was confirmed in HEK293T cells transfected with Flag-USP16 and HA-KEAP1 (Fig. 5F)."
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IGF2BP3 affects USP21
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IGF2BP3 binds USP21.
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IGF2BP3 binds USP21. 4 / 4
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"The results demonstrated that the interaction between IGF2BP3 and USP16 could be abolished by ribonuclease (RNase) treatment ( Fig. 5 F) and MNX1-AS1 silencing ( Fig. 5 G)."
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"Therefore, we explored whether MNX1-AS1 was required for the interaction between IGF2BP3 and USP16."
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"Overall, these results illustrated that MNX1-AS1 functioned as a scaffold platform for IGF2BP3/USP16 interaction, thereby protecting IGF2BP3 from being degraded by the ubiquitin/proteasome system.To d[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
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"The specific interaction of IGF2BP3 and USP16 was confirmed by Co-IP followed by western blotting ( Fig. 5 B), and the results of RNA-pull-down and RIP assays demonstrated that there was an interactio[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
35953000
IGF2BP3 activates USP21.
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IGF2BP3 activates USP21. 1 / 1
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"As shown in Fig. 5 H and I, wild type USP16 but not inactive mutant USP16 rescued the decreased protein level and increased ubiquitination level of IGF2BP3 that induced by USP16 knockdown, indicating [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
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USP21 affects cell growth
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USP21 activates cell growth.
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USP21 activates cell growth. 3 / 3
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"Mechanistically , USP21 promotes cell growth by maintaining EZH2 protein level ."
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"In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that USP21 promotes cell growth , while its knock down had the opposite effect ."
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"Mechanistically , USP21 promotes cell growth by maintaining the EZH2 protein level ."
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USP21 inhibits cell growth.
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USP21 inhibits cell growth. 1 / 1
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"In addition, USP16 overexpression in normal human fibroblasts and neural progenitors led to reduced cell expansion , which was similar to the strong proliferation defects observed in fibroblasts from individuals with Down syndrome ."
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USP21 affects PPP3
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USP21 deubiquitinates PPP3.
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USP21 deubiquitinates PPP3. 3 / 3
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"USP16 not only deubiquitinates calcineurin A to facilitate its interaction of NFAT and activation of inflammation genes but also deubiquitinates IKKβ, a key kinase involved in p105 phosphorylation and activation [36,47]."
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"For example, during cell immune response, cytoplasmic USP16 deubiquitinates calcineurin A, allowing it to dephosphorylate and activate NFAT (Figure 4G)."
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"In peripheral T cells, USP16 is instrumental for cell maintenance and proliferation by deubiquitinating calcineurin A (22)."
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USP21 ubiquitinates PPP3.
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USP21 leads to the ubiquitination of PPP3. 1 / 1
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"T cell-specific inactivation of Usp16 prevents calcineurin A deubiquitination and NFAT activation, and mice suffered from less severe experimental autoimmune encephalitis and inflammatory bowel disease [47]."
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USP21 affects NFE2L2
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USP21 inhibits NFE2L2.
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USP21 inhibits NFE2L2. 3 / 3
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"Collectively, these results demonstrate that USP16 directly interacts with KEAP1 to prevent the activation of Nrf2 signaling."
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"Overexpression of USP16 completely abrogated activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway by FGF18 treatment and its antiapoptotic effects, while overexpression of the USP16 mutant (C205S) did not (Fig. 6G)."
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"USP16 directly interacts with KEAP1 and prevents the activation of Nrf2 signaling."
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USP21 activates NFE2L2.
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USP21 activates NFE2L2. 1 / 1
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"Considering that FGF18 regulates both Nrf2 and USP16, we speculated that USP16 may mediate the protective effects of FGF18 against hepatic IRI by affecting Nrf2 signaling."
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USP21 affects ISG15
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USP21 binds ISG15.
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USP21 binds ISG15. 1 / 3
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"It is therefore still unclear whether the ZnF domain of USP16 binds free ISG15 in the same mode as free Ub, and if it plays a regulatory role in ISG15-dependent processes in cells.The specificity of mouse USP18 for mouse ISG15 is mediated by interaction between a hydrophobic patch in USP18 and a hydrophobic region in the C-terminal domain of ISG15."
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USP21 decreases the amount of ISG15.
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USP21 decreases the amount of ISG15. 1 / 1
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"Wild-type USP16 reduced the amount of ISG15-conjugated proteins in the cell lysate, but as expected, the protease-deficient Cys to Ser mutant did not."
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USP21 activates DNA-templated transcription. 3 / 3
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"Besides , USP21 could promote transcription by deubiquitylating ubH2A in vitro [ 46 ] ."
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"Expressing an siRNA-resistant USP16 restored transcription levels in this system, implicating USP16 in H2AK119ub1-mediated transcriptional regulation at DSB sites."
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"Additionally, USP16 contributes to peripheral T cell maintenance via deubiquitination of calcineurin A (CNA), a calcium-dependent phosphatase responsible for the activation of nuclear factor of activa[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
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USP21 inhibits DNA-templated transcription. 1 / 1
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"USP16 mediates histone deubiquitylation-dependent transcription silencing at DSB sites [ 62 ], and USP28 possibly regulates 53BP1 stability [ 59 , 63 ]."
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USP21 affects BRCA2
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USP21 binds BRCA2. 1 / 4
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"The accumulation of GDP-M in tumor cells further reduced the interaction between breast cancer susceptibility gene 2 (BRCA2) and ubiquitin-specific peptidase 21 (USP21), which promoted the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of BRCA2 to inhibit HRR."
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OGT affects USP21
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OGT inhibits USP21.
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OGT inhibits USP21. 2 / 2
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"Inhibition of OGT activity by 5S-G also increased the fraction of USP16 in the nucleus (Fig. 3, C and D)."
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"This result suggests that O-GlcNAc decreases nuclear USP16 by promoting USP16-Crm1 binding.The effect of USP16 nuclear export by O-GlcNAcylation was also observed under microscopy."
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OGT increases the amount of USP21.
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OGT increases the amount of USP21. 1 / 1
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"We found that overexpression of OGT led to an increase in the levels of USP16 O-GlcNAcylation (Fig. 5A), which was abolished when the 2A mutant was expressed (Fig. 5A)."
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OGT binds USP21.
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OGT binds USP21. 1 / 1
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"Interestingly, we discovered that the interaction between OGT and USP16 was reduced in lysates prepared from the mitotic (M) phase of cells (Fig. 1C), raising a possibility that the interaction of USP16 and OGT may be cell-cycle dependent."
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HERC2 affects USP21
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HERC2 binds USP21.
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HERC2 binds USP21. 2 / 2
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"HERC2 also interacts with and stabilises USP16 which is involved in H2A de-ubiquitination in DSB repair [38]."
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"The effect of USP16/HERC2 interaction on the activity of USP16 remains to be elucidated."
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HERC2 increases the amount of USP21.
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HERC2 increases the amount of USP21. 1 / 1
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"Furthermore, HERC2 interacts with the disordered region of USP16 (residues 136–185) through its C-terminal HECT domain (residues 4421–4834), increasing the intracellular expression of USP16 [27]."
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HERC2 activates USP21.
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HERC2 activates USP21. 1 / 1
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"However, whether HERC2 directly regulates the deubiquitinase activity of USP16 in vitro remains to be further explored."
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FGF18 affects USP21
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FGF18 decreases the amount of USP21. 4 / 4
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"Interestingly, FGF18 overexpression significantly decreased the expression of USP16 in mice (Fig. S4A)."
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"The enrichment of Nrf2 at USP16 promoter was dramatically reduced by the transfection of si-p65 (Fig. 8E), suggesting that FGF18 could suppress the USP16 expression via p65."
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"Mechanistically, FGF18 treatment dramatically reduced the mRNA and protein levels of USP16, leading to reduction of the downregulation deubiquitination level of KEAP1 and the activation of Nrf2."
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"Mechanistically, FGF18 decreased expression of USP16 and thereby upregulated the KEAP1 ubiquitination level, leading to activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway."
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BRCA2 affects USP21
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USP21 binds BRCA2. 1 / 4
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"The accumulation of GDP-M in tumor cells further reduced the interaction between breast cancer susceptibility gene 2 (BRCA2) and ubiquitin-specific peptidase 21 (USP21), which promoted the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of BRCA2 to inhibit HRR."
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USP21 affects USP21
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USP21 activates USP21.
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USP21 activates USP21. 1 / 2
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"In addition, it is likely that zygotic USP16 continues to play a role in balancing the genomic deposition of H2AK119ub1, because 1) the early zygotic expression of paternal Usp16 can partially rescue the developmental defects of maternal Usp16-deleted embryos; and 2) knockout of paternal Usp16 strengthens the effect of maternal Usp16 knockout and leads to complete preimplantation failure in the Usp16 embryos."
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USP21 decreases the amount of USP21.
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USP21 decreases the amount of USP21. 1 / 1
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"USP16 also deubiquitinates proteins in oncogenic pathways, for example, IGF2BP3 in gallbladder cancer [48], whereas Ct-HBx inhibits the expression level of USP16 in hepatocellular carcinoma [40], revealing the intrinsic link to cancer development."
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USP21 affects NFAT
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USP21 ubiquitinates NFAT.
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USP21 leads to the ubiquitination of NFAT. 1 / 1
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"T cell-specific inactivation of Usp16 prevents calcineurin A deubiquitination and NFAT activation, and mice suffered from less severe experimental autoimmune encephalitis and inflammatory bowel disease [47]."
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USP21 increases the amount of NFAT.
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USP21 increases the amount of NFAT. 1 / 1
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"Mechanistically, they found that Usp16-mediated de-ubiquitination of calcineurin A, which is a calcium-activated phosphatase that dephosphorylates members of the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) family, leads to transcription of NFAT-targeted genes, which helps in the maintenance and proliferation of peripheral T cells [105]."
| PMC
USP21 dephosphorylates NFAT.
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USP21 dephosphorylates NFAT. 1 / 1
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"For example, during cell immune response, cytoplasmic USP16 deubiquitinates calcineurin A, allowing it to dephosphorylate and activate NFAT (Figure 4G)."
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USP21 affects NANOG
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USP21 deubiquitinates NANOG. 2 / 3
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"Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 21 (USP21) deubiquitylates NANOG but not OCT4 or SOX2."
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"For example, Oct4 and Sox2 protein levels are regulated by the E3 ligase WWP2, and ubiquitin-specific-processing protease 21 (Usp21) deubiquitinates and stabilizes Nanog, which maintains pluripotency, while FBXW8, an E3 ligase, ubiquitinates and destabilizes Nanog, thereby promoting ESC differentiation."
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USP21 affects MYC
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USP21 deubiquitinates MYC. 3 / 3
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"Notably, Ge et al. [41] reported that the deubiquitinase USP16 promotes the proliferation of castration-resistant prostate cancer cells by deubiquitinating and stabilizing c-MYC."
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"Nuclear USP16 also deubiquitinates PLK1 for mitotic chromosome alignment and c-Myc in prostate cancer [45,46]."
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"USP16 promote prostate cancer growth in vitro and in vivo by deubiquitinating the oncogene c-Myc."
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USP21 affects H2Aub
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USP21 deubiquitinates H2Aub. 3 / 3
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"The deubiquitination of H2Aub by USP16 is also a prerequisite for zygotic genome activation during the maternal-to-zygotic transition in mouse oocytes [41]."
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"By deubiquitinating H2Aub, USP16 facilitates the phosphorylation of histone H3 Ser10 and chromosome segregation at the onset of mitosis [14]."
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"As a potential antagonist of H2A ubiquitination by Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1), USP16 deubiquitinates H2Aub at promoter regions."
36980227
USP21 affects FOXM1
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USP21 deubiquitinates FOXM1.
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USP21 deubiquitinates FOXM1. 1 / 2
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"HDACi treatment increased the ubiquitination level of FOXM1 by suppressing ubiquitin-specific peptidase 21 (USP21), which deubiquitinates FOXM1."
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USP21 decreases the amount of FOXM1.
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USP21 decreases the amount of FOXM1. 1 / 1
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"HDACi treatment increased the ubiquitination level of FOXM1 by suppressing ubiquitin-specific peptidase 21 (USP21), which deubiquitinates FOXM1."
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USP21 affects BAP1
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USP21 binds BAP1. 2 / 3
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"Importantly, PRC1 and H2AK119ub are known to be engaged in transcriptional regulation of ESC differentiation and early embryogenesis ( Voncken et al., 2003; Stock et al., 2007; Liang et al., 2013; Alo[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
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"In particular, we report strong co-localization in the genomic binding of BAP1, USP16, and to a lesser extent USP22, conserved across different cell-types."
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ISG15 affects USP21
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USP21 binds ISG15. 1 / 3
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"It is therefore still unclear whether the ZnF domain of USP16 binds free ISG15 in the same mode as free Ub, and if it plays a regulatory role in ISG15-dependent processes in cells.The specificity of mouse USP18 for mouse ISG15 is mediated by interaction between a hydrophobic patch in USP18 and a hydrophobic region in the C-terminal domain of ISG15."
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BAP1 affects USP21
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USP21 binds BAP1. 2 / 3
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"Importantly, PRC1 and H2AK119ub are known to be engaged in transcriptional regulation of ESC differentiation and early embryogenesis ( Voncken et al., 2003; Stock et al., 2007; Liang et al., 2013; Alo[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
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"In particular, we report strong co-localization in the genomic binding of BAP1, USP16, and to a lesser extent USP22, conserved across different cell-types."
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Mutation affects USP21
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Mutation inhibits USP21.
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Mutation inhibits USP21. 1 / 1
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"We found that the 2A mutation, which abolishes its O-GlcNAcylation, caused a significant increase of USP16 in the nuclear fraction and a significant decrease of USP16 in the cytoplasm (Fig. 3, A and B)."
38462164
Mutation activates USP21.
| 1
Mutation activates USP21. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"We found that the 2A mutation, which abolishes its O-GlcNAcylation, caused a significant increase of USP16 in the nuclear fraction and a significant decrease of USP16 in the cytoplasm (Fig. 3, A and B)."
38462164
Gallic acid affects USP21
1 | 1
Gallic acid decreases the amount of USP21. 1 / 2
1 | 1
reach
"Deng et al. (2022) recently reported that gallic acid inhibited the expression of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 21 by decreasing STAT3 phosphorylation."
36990263
XPO1 affects USP21
1 | 1
USP21 binds XPO1. 1 / 2
1 | 1
reach
"We used TMG + G to increase O-GlcNAcylation, and it strengthened interaction between USP16 and Crm1 (Fig. 3, E and F)."
38462164
USP21
| 2
USP21 translocates from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Whereby, following mitosis, USP16 is rapidly exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm."
36980227
USP21 translocates from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"SNHG5 inhibits ubiquitination and degradation of FOXO3 by recruiting Ubiquitin Specific Peptidase 21 (USP21), then promotes the translocation of FOXO3 from cytoplasm to nucleus."
35338124
USP21 affects tumor cell
| 2
USP21 activates tumor cell. 2 / 2
| 2
eidos
"Phenotypically , USP21 depletion leads to a decrease in HR efficiency and impairs tumor cell proliferation , both in vitro as well as in animal models ."
32201366
eidos
"In non-small cell lung cancer , USP21 promotes tumor cell proliferation , migration , and invasion through the YY1 / SNHG16 axis ( Xu et al ., 2020 ) ."
33791299
reach
"This modification is counteracted by the opposing function of the deubiquitylase (DUB) USP16 (Zhuo et al, 2015) that promotes proper chromosome alignment in early mitosis."
37039032
reach
"Indeed, the knockdown of USP16 in HeLa cells attenuates cell growth due to a disrupted mitotic cell cycle [13,14,17]."
36980227
USP21 activates inflammatory response. 2 / 2
| 2
reach
"Moreover, knockdown of USP16 significantly impaired the inflammatory response in Fgf18 mice, as evidenced by MPO staining (Fig. 7F)."
37777507
reach
"USP16 exhibits increased expression in patients with IBD and contributes to disease inflammation (66, 67)."
38322269
USP21 affects apoptotic process
| 1 1
USP21 inhibits apoptotic process.
| 1
eidos
"Given the proapoptotic properties of p53 , it can be concluded that USP2-1 abates apoptosis by stabilizing MDM2 , MDMX , MDM4 , and FASN ."
33530560
USP21 activates apoptotic process.
| 1
reach
"35 USP16, USP33 and USP4, among others, were found to be targets of this pan-DUB inhibitor.Inhibition of the 19S regulatory particle-associated DUBs, USP14 and UCHL5, by b-AP15 causes apoptosis in mul[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
28911816
USP21 affects aging
| 2
USP21 inhibits aging.
| 1
USP21 inhibits aging. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Inhibiting USP16 rescues stem cell aging and memory in an Alzheimer's model."
35311644
USP21 activates aging.
| 1
USP21 activates aging. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"For the first time, we show that targeting USP16 in a mouse model of AD rescues two aberrant aging pathways, Cdkn2a and BMP, which can restore self-renewal of NPCs, decrease astrogliosis, and retard cognitive decline (Figure 1)."
35311644
USP21 affects XPO1
1 | 1
USP21 binds XPO1. 1 / 2
1 | 1
reach
"We used TMG + G to increase O-GlcNAcylation, and it strengthened interaction between USP16 and Crm1 (Fig. 3, E and F)."
38462164
USP21 affects Shanbhag et al., 2010
| 2
USP21 deubiquitinates Shanbhag et al., 2010. 2 / 2
| 2
reach
"This transcriptional inhibition was partly dependent on the E3 ubiquitin ligases RNF8 and RNF168, whereas transcriptional recovery depended on the USP16 enzyme that deubiquitylates histone H2A (Shanbhag et al., 2010)."
38045243
reach
"This transcriptional inhibition was partly dependent on the E3 ubiquitin ligases RNF8 and RNF168, whereas transcriptional recovery depended on the USP16 enzyme that deubiquitylates histone H2A (Shanbhag et al., 2010)."
39392398
USP21 affects RPS27A
| 2
USP21 leads to the ubiquitination of RPS27A. 2 / 2
| 2
reach
"The role of USP36 in cleaving the Fubi-S30 precursor was recently reported , and USP16 was also reported to contribute to ribosomal biogenesis by removing a monoubiquitination of RPS27a in the late cytoplasmic stages of 40S maturation ; however, its role in Fubi-S30 cleavage had not been investigated."
37443395
reach
"USP16 de(p)letion leads to RPS27a ubiquitination and 40S biogenesis defects."
32129764
USP21 affects RIGI
| 1
USP21 activates RIGI. 1 / 2
| 1
eidos
"Ubiquitylation events are reversible processes , and , accordingly , severaldeubiquitylating enzymes , in particular ubiquitin specific peptidase 3 ( USP3 ) , USP21 and CYLD lysine 63 deubiquitinase ( CYLD ) , modulate RIG-I signalling by removing K63-polyubiquitin chains , although with unique kinetics ( reviewed elsewhere112 ,118 ) ."
31792373
USP21 affects PRC1
| 2
USP21 inhibits PRC1.
| 1
USP21 inhibits PRC1. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"The canonical function of USP16 is acting as a histone DUB to antagonize PRC1, the H2A E3 Ub ligase."
36980227
USP21 deubiquitinates PRC1.
| 1
USP21 deubiquitinates PRC1. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"When combined with the protein regulator of cytokinesis 1, USP16 can deubiquitinate histone H2A and control gene expression (PRC1)."
35406655
USP21 affects Interferon
| 1
USP21 inhibits Interferon. 1 / 2
| 1
eidos
"USP21 can interact directly with STING and remove the K27 and K63 Ub chains on STING , thereby inhibiting the production of type I interferons ."
32140262
USP21 affects HERC2
| 2
HERC2 binds USP21. 2 / 2
| 2
reach
"HERC2 also interacts with and stabilises USP16 which is involved in H2A de-ubiquitination in DSB repair [38]."
31769469
reach
"The effect of USP16/HERC2 interaction on the activity of USP16 remains to be elucidated."
36980227
USP21 affects H2AK119ub
| 2
USP21 deubiquitinates H2AK119ub. 2 / 2
| 2
reach
"USP16 deubiquitinates H2AK119ub per se and represses transcription, allowing the repair to be complete prior to the resumption of transcription [56]."
36980227
reach
"Another DUB, USP16, also deubiquitinates H2AK119ub and promotes the reversal of transcription silencing [79]."
35897775
USP21 affects GYPC
| 2
USP21 inhibits GYPC.
| 1
USP21 inhibits GYPC. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"A recent study showed that MYC could be regulated by USP16, which further inhibited prostate cancer progression (Ge et al., 2021)."
35519620
USP21 activates GYPC.
| 1
USP21 activates GYPC. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"USP16 can promote the cellular proliferation and growth of PCa (Ge et al., 2021)."
36811009
USP21 affects Deubiquitinase
| 2
USP21 activates Deubiquitinase. 2 / 2
| 2
reach
"We observed a marked increase in the level of PLK1 ubiquitination in the 2A mutant-transfected cells, consistent with our study that USP16 O-GlcNAcylation promotes its DUB activity."
38462164
reach
"In this paper, we report that O-GlcNAcylation of USP16 promotes its DUB activity toward uH2A and PLK1 and regulates USP16 localization through Crm1 (Fig. 6E)."
38462164
USP21 affects CDKN2A
| 2
USP21 activates CDKN2A. 2 / 2
| 2
reach
"For the first time, we show that targeting USP16 in a mouse model of AD rescues two aberrant aging pathways, Cdkn2a and BMP, which can restore self-renewal of NPCs, decrease astrogliosis, and retard cognitive decline (Figure 1)."
35311644
reach
"Triplication of Usp16 may also deubiquitinate H2Aub at gene promotors and activate the Cdkn2a gene, a critical regulator for cell senescence [18,33,34] (Figure 4C)."
36980227
USP21 affects BMP
| 2
USP21 activates BMP. 2 / 2
| 2
reach
"RNA-seq reveals enriched BMP signaling in Tg-SwDI mice that is rescued by Usp16 haploinsufficiency."
35311644
reach
"For the first time, we show that targeting USP16 in a mouse model of AD rescues two aberrant aging pathways, Cdkn2a and BMP, which can restore self-renewal of NPCs, decrease astrogliosis, and retard cognitive decline (Figure 1)."
35311644
USP21 affects BMI1
| 2
USP21 decreases the amount of BMI1.
| 1
USP21 decreases the amount of BMI1. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Furthermore, two-year-old Tg-SwDI mice show reduced Bmi1 expression, which was rescued by Usp16 haploinsufficiency, in both the SVZ and cortex (Figure 4—figure supplement 1B, Reinitz et al., 2022)."
35311644
USP21 activates BMI1.
| 1
USP21 activates BMI1. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"We predicted that downregulation of Usp16 would increase BMI1 function to counteract the effects of mutant APP similar to what we observed with knockout of Cdkn2a."
35311644
USP21 affects Arthritis, Gouty
| 2
USP21 activates Arthritis, Gouty. 2 / 2
| 2
reach
"Deubiquitinase USP16 induces gouty arthritis via Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission and NLRP3 inflammasome activation."
37488647
reach
"Deubiquitinase USP16 induced gouty arthritis via Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission and NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling."
37488647
Rac5c affects USP21
| 2
Rac5c inhibits USP21. 2 / 2
| 2
eidos
"Rac5c was specific for SARS2 PLpro and did not inhibit USP21 even at the highest concentration of 100 muM ."
32845033
eidos
"Rac5c was specific for SARS2 PLpro and did not inhibit USP21 551 even at the highest concentration of 100 muM ."
| DOI
RNF2 affects USP21
| 2
RNF2 inhibits USP21.
| 1
RNF2 inhibits USP21. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"From a metabolomics perspective, Ding et al (66) reported that guanosine diphosphate-mannose (GDP-M), a metabolite, accumulates in cells and reduces the interaction between BRCA2 and ubiquitin-specific peptidase 21."
40093872
RNF2 binds USP21.
| 1
RNF2 binds USP21. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"In quiescent splenocytes, RING1B binds transcriptionally active genes in a context of concerted downregulation and upregulation of RING1B E3 ligase and USP16 deubiquitylase activities that leads to mi[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
28087428
RELA affects USP21
| 2
RELA increases the amount of USP21. 2 / 2
| 2
reach
"Overexpression of p65 (also called RelA), one of the NF-κB family of transcription factors, significantly increases USP16 transcript levels."
36980227
reach
"It worth to be note that previous study also demonstrated that p65 can induce the expression of USP16 ."
37777507
NFE2L2 affects USP21
| 2
NFE2L2 decreases the amount of USP21. 2 / 2
| 2
reach
"However, in H/R-challenged HepG2 cells, luciferase reporter expression was markedly induced by H/R while greatly inhibited by Nrf2 overexpression, indicating that Nrf2 requires the actions of other transcription factors to repress expression of the USP16 gene (Fig. 8F)."
37777507
reach
"Interestingly, our work found that Nrf2 elevated luciferase reporter expression from USP16-WT, but inhibited luciferase reporter expression from USP16 under H/R conditions, suggesting that Nrf2 suppresses the mRNA level of USP16, and it may need other transcription factors to achieve the functions."
37777507
CDK1 affects USP21
| 2
CDK1 phosphorylates USP21.
| 1
CDK1 phosphorylates USP21. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"USP16 (also known as Ubp-M) is phosphorylated at the onset of mitosis by cdc-2/cyclin B complexes ( Cai et al., 1999 )."
25444757
CDK1 activates USP21.
| 1
CDK1 activates USP21. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Therefore, we investigated whether O-GlcNAcylation antagonizes CDK1-mediated USP16 Ser552 phosphorylation.To test this, we transfected Flag-USP16 or the 2A mutant into HeLa cells and isolated USP16 by Flag IP."
38462164
Rac5c affects USP21
| 1
Rac5c inhibits USP21. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"This contrasted with rac5c , which inhibited PLpro , 197 but did not inhibit USP21 even at 100 muM concentration ( Figure 3b ) .7 SARS PLpro inhibitors against SARS2 PLpro206 SARS PLpro has been the focus of academic drug discovery efforts in the last two 207 decades 3 ."
| DOI
PS552 affects USP21
| 1
PS552 activates USP21. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"As pS552 is close to the nuclear export signal and found to promote the nuclear localization of USP16 (27), our work further implicates the role of O-GlcNAcylation in regulating USP16 localization and function."
38462164
Overexpression myristoylated Akt affects USP21
| 1
Overexpression myristoylated Akt activates USP21. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"Additionally , overexpression of myristoylated Akt increased USP2-1 expression in hepatoma , which was accompanied by high levels of expression of lipogenic proteins including FASN , acetyl-CoA carboxylase , and adenosine triphosphate citrate lyase [ 19 ] ."
33530560
LncEPAT affects USP21
| 1
LncEPAT inhibits USP21. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Inhibition of lncEPAT promotes USP16-induced cell-cycle arrest and cellular senescence in glioblastoma cells [74]."
37345170
Immune activation affects USP21
| 1
Immune activation activates USP21. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"Alternatively , immune activation could activate USP21 post-translationally , thereby providing an activated feedback ."
33808506
Guanosine affects USP21
| 1
Guanosine inhibits USP21. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"From a metabolomics perspective, Ding et al (66) reported that guanosine diphosphate-mannose (GDP-M), a metabolite, accumulates in cells and reduces the interaction between BRCA2 and ubiquitin-specific peptidase 21."
40093872
Cas9 affects USP21
| 1
Cas9 inhibits USP21. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"We saw enhanced ISGylation in IFN-treated HAP1 cells upon siRNA-mediated silencing and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deletion of USP16."
38055744
Carboxyl-terminal truncated HBx mutants affects USP21
| 1
Carboxyl-terminal truncated HBx mutants activates USP21. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Besides, Qian et al. showed that the downregulation of USP16 mediated by carboxyl-terminal truncated HBx mutants promotes the proliferation of HCC cells [88]."
31146743
Assays affects USP21
| 1
Assays activates USP21. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"In addition , we tested USP14 because it can antagonize proteasomal degradation ( Lee et al ., 2010 ) , as well as USP21 because it is highly active in many in vitro assays ."
33417828
USP21 affects viability
| 1
USP21 inhibits viability. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"Our results suggest that USP21 probably influence the function of GSC and further decrease the viability , migration , and function of chondrocytes , verifying the results of previous studies that indicated [ 5,13 ] ."
31253698
USP21 affects viability colony MKN-45 cells
| 1
USP21 inhibits viability colony MKN-45 cells. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"The results exhibited that overexpression of USP21 notably improved the viability and colony forming ability of AGS cells while inhibiting the expression of USP21 conspicuously reduced the viability and colony forming ability of MKN-45 cells ( Figures 2C , D ) ."
33791299
USP21 affects tumorigenicity cells
| 1
USP21 activates tumorigenicity cells. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"Moreover , USP21 could promote the malignant transformation of the normal human hepatocytes and increased the tumorigenicity of the HCC cells by activating the ERK signaling through the stabilization of MEK2 ( 11 ) ."
33718205
USP21 affects tumor growth
| 1
USP21 activates tumor growth. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"USP21 increases DNA repair and tumor growth by stabilizing BRCA2 [ 97 ] ."
31133011
USP21 affects transcriptional program
| 1
USP21 activates transcriptional program. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"In this study , we showed that USP21 binds and regulates FoxM1 stability , and accordingly , modulates its transcriptional program ."
32201366
USP21 affects transcription nuclear factor-kappaB p65
| 1
USP21 activates transcription nuclear factor-kappaB p65. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"USP21 was shown to modulate the transcription of nuclear factor-kappaB p65 by deubiquitinating and stabilising interleukin-33 in the nucleus [ 25 ] , and interacts with both nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins including GATA3 , receptor-interacting serine / threonine-protein kinase 1 , and Nanog [ 14,19,26,27 ] ."
31253698
USP21 affects stemness
| 1
USP21 activates stemness. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"We reported that USP21 promoted GC cell proliferation , migration , invasion , and stemness in vitro , and regulated GC tumor growth and cell stemness in mice in vivo ."
33791299
USP21 affects stemness pancreatic cancer cells
| 1
USP21 activates stemness pancreatic cancer cells. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"For instance , USP21 stimulates the stemness of pancreatic cancer cells by activating the Wnt pathway ( Hou et al ., 2019 ) ."
33791299
USP21 affects stemness GC
| 1
USP21 activates stemness GC. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"USP21 Regulates the Expression of MAPK1 Through GATA3 and Affects Cell Proliferation , Migration , Invasion , and Stemness of GC Since USP21 stimulated cell proliferation , migration , invasion , and stemness of GC , and could stabilize the expression of GATA3 by deubiquitinating GATA3 , while MAPK1 was the transcription target of GATA3 , it was further verified whether USP21 could play its oncogenic effect in GC through the GATA3 / MAPK1 axis ."
33791299
USP21 affects stemness GC cells
| 1
USP21 activates stemness GC cells. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"These results demonstrated that USP21 stimulated cell proliferation , migration , invasion , and stemness of GC cells ."
33791299
reach
"It has been shown that upregulation of USP16 in the Ts65Dn mouse model and primary human fibroblasts results in downregulation of the Wnt pathway and reduces stem cell renewal."
31683073
USP21 affects stabilizing
| 1
USP21 inhibits stabilizing. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"USP21 prevents FOXP3 degradation through deubiquination , thus stabilizing Treg phenotype and antagonizing the development of Th1-like Tregs [ 65 ] ."
28624966
USP21 affects stability Nanog
| 1
USP21 activates stability Nanog. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"USP21 could significantly enhance the stability of Nanog and then maintain the self-renewal of stem cells ."
32140262
USP21 inhibits signal transduction. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Overexpression of USP16 completely abrogated activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway by FGF18 treatment and its antiapoptotic effects, while overexpression of the USP16 mutant (C205S) did not (Fig. 6G)."
37777507
USP21 affects self-renewal tumorigenicity mesenchymal glioblastoma stem cells
| 1
USP21 activates self-renewal tumorigenicity mesenchymal glioblastoma stem cells. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"USP21 promotes self-renewal and tumorigenicity of mesenchymal glioblastoma stem cells by deubiquitinating and stabilizing FOXD1 ."
35974001
USP21 affects reporter induced SeV RIG-I-CARD TANK-binding kinase TBK1 mouse embryonic fibroblasts
| 1
USP21 inhibits reporter induced SeV RIG-I-CARD TANK-binding kinase TBK1 mouse embryonic fibroblasts. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"They unveiled that USP21 inhibited ISRE reporter activity induced by SeV and RIG-I-CARD , but not by TANK-binding kinase 1 ( TBK1 ) in mouse embryonic fibroblasts ( MEF ) cells [ 24 ] ."
31208841
USP21 affects reporter assay131
| 1
USP21 activates reporter assay131. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"In a search for DUBs that contribute to GATA3 stabilization in FOXP3-expressing cells , both USP7 and USP21 were shown to upregulate GATA3-mediated activity using a reporter assay131 ."
28959952
USP21 activates regulation of cell cycle. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Knockdown of lncEPAT enhances USP16-induced cell cycle arrest, cell senescence, and repressed tumorigenesis [44]."
36980227
USP21 affects regeneration
| 1
USP21 activates regeneration. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Identification of USP16 cryo-EM protein structure and development of a small molecule inhibitor to restore compromised neural stem cell regeneration in a mouse Alzheimer's model."
| PMC
USP21 affects radio-sensitivity CC cells
| 1
USP21 inhibits radio-sensitivity CC cells. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"Knockdown of USP21 enhanced the radio-sensitivity of CC cells in vivo ."
34825342
USP21 affects radio-resistance CC cells
| 1
USP21 activates radio-resistance CC cells. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"In summary , USP21 contributed to the radio-resistance of CC cells via FOXM1 / Hippo signaling , and may serve as a promising target for radio-sensitizers in the radiotherapy of CC ."
34825342
USP21 bound to Fubi-PA activates protein stabilization. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Binding of USP36 or USP16 to Fubi-PA led to pronounced protein stabilization as assessed by an increase in melting temperature, while binding to ubiquitin-PA for USP36, USP16 and USP2 correlated with even larger protein stability (Fig. 3f–h)."
37443395
USP21 activates protein deubiquitination. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"USP21 interacted with GSC to promote GSC deubiquitination while having no effect on GSC protein stability ."
31253698
USP21 affects protein EZH2
| 1
USP21 activates protein EZH2. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"Furthermore , we then identify USP21 modulates the protein level of EZH2 , a key regulatory gene of DLBCL growth ."
33389794
USP21 affects polyubiquitination mediated RNF135 TRIM25
| 1
USP21 inhibits polyubiquitination mediated RNF135 TRIM25. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"] Interestingly , USP21 presumably removes polyubiquitin chains from more than one lysine sites in either CARD or CTD domain , since USP21 can reverse the polyubiquitination mediated by both RNF135 and TRIM25 ."
33511009
USP21 affects pSer552
| 1
USP21 inhibits pSer552. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"To determine whether USP16 O-GlcNAcylation reverses the effect of pSer552, we measured the subcellular distribution of USP16."
38462164
USP21 affects nuclear export
| 1
USP21 activates nuclear export. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"USP16 O-GlcNAcylation promotes USP16 nuclear export."
38462164
USP21 affects non-small-cell lung cancer
| 1
USP21 activates non-small-cell lung cancer. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"For instance , USP10 and USP21 could promote hepatocellular carcinoma and non-small-cell lung cancer proliferation , respectively [ 36 , 37 ] ."
34261480
USP21 affects mitotic entry delay sensitivity paclitaxel cell culture animal xenografts
| 1
USP21 activates mitotic entry delay sensitivity paclitaxel cell culture animal xenografts. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"Suppression of USP21 causes a mitotic entry delay to slow proliferation and sensitivity to paclitaxel in cell culture and animal xenografts ( 50 ) ."
33643919
USP21 affects mitotic MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic carcinoma cells
| 1
USP21 activates mitotic MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic carcinoma cells. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"Shi et al. demonstrated that USP2-1 directly deubiquitinates Aurora-A , and thus stimulates mitotic progression of MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic carcinoma cells [ 46 ] ."
33530560
USP21 affects mitosis pancreatic carcinoma
| 1
USP21 activates mitosis pancreatic carcinoma. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"Thus , USP2-1 seems to stimulate mitosis in pancreatic carcinoma by stabilizing Aurora-A ."
33530560
USP21 affects migration invasion stemness GC cells
| 1
USP21 activates migration invasion stemness GC cells. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"USP21 promotes the proliferation , migration , invasion , and stemness of GC cells ."
33791299
USP21 affects migration invasion MKN-45 cells
| 1
USP21 activates migration invasion MKN-45 cells. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"Afterward , the role of USP21 in cell migration and invasion was evaluated through Transwell assay , and the data in Figures 2E , F showed that overexpression of USP21 accelerated the migration and invasion of AGS cells , whereas knockdown of USP21 pronouncedly reduced the migration and invasion of MKN-45 cells ."
33791299
USP21 affects metastasis bladder cancer cells
| 1
USP21 activates metastasis bladder cancer cells. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"In bladder cancer , USP21 is highly expressed and patients with high expression levels have poor survival , and USP21 can accelerate the proliferation and metastasis of bladder cancer cells via inhibiting EZH2 ubiquitination ( Chen et al ., 2017 ) ."
33791299
USP21 affects matrix secretion ATDC5
| 1
USP21 inhibits matrix secretion ATDC5. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"For the toluidine blue staining , USP21 decreased the matrix secretion of ATDC5 significantly and no obvious difference exists in the other three groups ( Figure 6G ) ."
31253698
USP21 affects malignant transformation human hepatocytes
| 1
USP21 activates malignant transformation human hepatocytes. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"Moreover , USP21 could promote the malignant transformation of the normal human hepatocytes and increased the tumorigenicity of the HCC cells by activating the ERK signaling through the stabilization of MEK2 ( 11 ) ."
33718205
USP21 affects localization
| 1
USP21 activates localization. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"USP16 aids the correct alignment of chromosomes by promoting the localization and maintenance of polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) on kinetochores [71]."
35406655
USP21 affects kinase
| 1
USP21 deubiquitinates kinase. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"USP16 not only deubiquitinates calcineurin A to facilitate its interaction of NFAT and activation of inflammation genes but also deubiquitinates IKKβ, a key kinase involved in p105 phosphorylation and activation [36,47]."
36980227
USP21 affects isopeptide bond hydrolysis
| 1
USP21 activates isopeptide bond hydrolysis. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"USP21 as an effective DUB can catalyze isopeptide bond hydrolysis between ubiquitin and histone H2A ( Okuda et al ., 2013 ) ."
33791299
USP21 affects invasion YY1 SNHG16 axis
| 1
USP21 activates invasion YY1 SNHG16 axis. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"In non-small cell lung cancer , USP21 promotes tumor cell proliferation , migration , and invasion through the YY1 / SNHG16 axis ( Xu et al ., 2020 ) ."
33791299
eidos
"We noted the upregulation of usp21 , which modulates the innate immune responses through inhibition of the NF-kappaB-signaling cascade , which leads to down-regulation of TNFalpha ( 69 ) ."
32528473
USP21 affects hyperactivation mesangial cells
| 1
USP21 inhibits hyperactivation mesangial cells. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"Because the expressed USP2-1 was primarily observed in the mesangium of the glomeruli , USP2-1 may suppress the hyperactivation of mesangial cells [ 48 ] ."
33530560
USP21 inhibits histone deubiquitylation. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"USP16 mediates histone deubiquitylation-dependent transcription silencing at DSB sites [ 62 ], and USP28 possibly regulates 53BP1 stability [ 59 , 63 ]."
30497961
eidos
"For instance , USP10 and USP21 could promote hepatocellular carcinoma and non-small-cell lung cancer proliferation , respectively [ 36 , 37 ] ."
34261480
USP21 inhibits hematopoietic stem cell differentiation. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Interestingly, these studies revealed that the defects in hematopoietic stem cell differentiation caused by the deletion of Usp16 are due to the effects of USP16 on cell cycle progression, which can be rescued by the knockdown of the p53 target gene Cdkn1a (p21) [20]."
36980227
USP21 affects gene expression
| 1
USP21 activates gene expression. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"We summarize the cellular functions governed by USP16-mediated gene expression below."
36980227
USP21 affects function
| 1
USP21 activates function. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"These findings suggest that USP21 modulates GSC function through deubiquitination ."
31253698
USP21 affects function chondrocytes
| 1
USP21 inhibits function chondrocytes. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"Our results suggest that USP21 probably influence the function of GSC and further decrease the viability , migration , and function of chondrocytes , verifying the results of previous studies that indicated [ 5,13 ] ."
31253698
USP21 affects efficiency interaction
| 1
USP21 activates efficiency interaction. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"Furthermore , Ubiquitin-specific protease 21 ( USP21 ) enhances the efficiency of interaction between BRCA2 and RAD51at the DNA damage site through deubiquitylating and stabilization of BRCA2 ."
33013205
USP21 affects deubiquitination determine
| 1
USP21 activates deubiquitination determine. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"USP21 promotes GSC deubiquitination To determine whether USP21 is a DUB of GSC , HEK 293T cells were co-transfected with Flag-GSC and HA-ubiquitin-K0 ( HA-Ub-K0 ) , with or without Myc-USP21 and Myc-WWP2 ; after 2 days , immunoprecipitation was performed using an anti-Flag antibody , and immunoblotting was performed with anti-HA and anti-Flag antibodies ."
31253698
USP21 affects deubiquitination RIP1
| 1
USP21 inhibits deubiquitination RIP1. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"Ubv.21.4 blocked the deubiquitination of RIP1 by USP21 and restored NF-kappaB activation , showing that it acts as an inhibitor of USP21 in cells ."
24239534
USP21 affects competence
| 1
USP21 increases the amount of competence. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Conditional knockout of Usp16 in oocytes caused defective zygotic genome activation and loss of developmental competence after fertilization."
36980227
USP21 affects colony
| 1
USP21 activates colony. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"USP21 promotes cell proliferation , tumor progression , and colony formation , and enhances cancer stem cell self-renewal ."
32784507
USP21 affects colony efficiency
| 1
USP21 activates colony efficiency. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"For the colony formation assay , USP21 decreased the colony formation efficiency significantly ( P < 0.01 ) , and that in GSC + USP21 decreased slightly compared with NC group ( P < 0.05 ) ( Figure 6E , F ) ."
31253698
USP21 activates centromere localization. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Furthermore, Usp16 promotes chromosome alignment by regulating kinetochore localization of PLK1 through phosphorylation of the Cdk1 site of USP16 [94]."
35563642
USP21 activates cellular senescence. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Inhibition of lncEPAT promotes USP16-induced cell-cycle arrest and cellular senescence in glioblastoma cells [74]."
37345170
USP21 affects cell metastasis bladder carcinoma
| 1
USP21 activates cell metastasis bladder carcinoma. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"45 USP21 could suppress EZH2 ubiquitination and thus promotes cell proliferation and metastasis in bladder carcinoma ."
33389794
USP21 affects cell growth invasion stemness renal cell carcinoma
| 1
USP21 activates cell growth invasion stemness renal cell carcinoma. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"Thus far , a study ( Peng et al ., 2016 ) proved that USP21 can accelerate cell growth , invasion , and stemness of renal cell carcinoma ."
33791299
USP21 affects cell examined CCK8 assay
| 1
USP21 activates cell examined CCK8 assay. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"USP21 knockdown dramatically decreased cell proliferation rate examined by CCK8 assay ( Figure 2B ) ."
33389794
reach
"It has demonstrated that USP16 promotes the proliferation and differentiation of T cells, thereby increasing CD4 T cell infiltration and aggravating IBD (66)."
38322269
USP21 affects cell cycle
| 1
USP21 activates cell cycle. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"18 , 19 USP21 can modulate cell cycle progression by deubiquitinating Forkhead box M1 ( FOXM1 ) in basal-like breast cancer ."
33389794
USP21 affects cannot cause cell death
| 1
USP21 activates cannot cause cell death. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"Therefore , USP21 stimulates cell proliferation but cannot cause cell death ."
33389794
USP21 affects cancer stem cell self-renewal
| 1
USP21 activates cancer stem cell self-renewal. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"USP21 promotes cell proliferation , tumor progression , and colony formation , and enhances cancer stem cell self-renewal ."
32784507
USP21 affects antagonizing development Th1-like Tregs
| 1
USP21 inhibits antagonizing development Th1-like Tregs. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"USP21 prevents FOXP3 degradation through deubiquination , thus stabilizing Treg phenotype and antagonizing the development of Th1-like Tregs [ 65 ] ."
28624966
USP21 affects adipose tissue inflammation-related SERPINE1 PAI-1 adipocyte protein aP2 HMGA4high mobility group protein A2 HMGA2 matrix metalloproteases
| 1
USP21 inhibits adipose tissue inflammation-related SERPINE1 PAI-1 adipocyte protein aP2 HMGA4high mobility group protein A2 HMGA2 matrix metalloproteases. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"We previously demonstrated that in human macrophage-like HL-60 cells , USP2-1 suppressed the expression of adipose tissue inflammation-related genes for SERPINE1 PAI-1 , adipocyte protein 2 ( aP2 ) , HMGA4high mobility group protein A2 ( HMGA2 ) , and matrix metalloproteases ( MMPs ) [ 9 ] ."
33530560
USP21 affects activation IFNbeta
| 1
USP21 inhibits activation IFNbeta. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"Moreover , USP2-4 , but not USP2-1 , attenuated the activation of IFNbeta promoter after SeV infection , indicating a role for USP2 in suppressing viral immunity [ 155 ] ."
33530560
USP21 affects ZNF598-mediated ubiquitylation event
| 1
USP21 activates ZNF598-mediated ubiquitylation event. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"Recently , it was shown that the ZNF598-mediated ubiquitylation event can be reversed by USP21 and OTUD3 , probably to avoid the degradation of the 40S subunit , allowing its recycling in further translation rounds [ 98 ] ."
33292102
USP21 affects ZGA
| 1
USP21 activates ZGA. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"These results indicated that ZGA was impaired by maternal Usp16 deletion directly or indirectly.To determine whether the impaired ZGA was directly caused by the absence of H2AK119ub1 deubiquitination after Usp16 deletion, we overexpressed mCherry-USP16 in fully grown Usp16-null oocytes by mRNA microinjection."
35640597
USP21 affects YAP1
| 1
USP21 activates YAP1. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"For example, ubiquitin-specific peptidase 21 can activate YAP via controlling FOXM1 stability, blocking Hippo signaling, lowering cell proliferation, causing apoptosis, and eventually increasing the radiosensitivity of cervical cancer cells [34]."
39187525
USP21 affects UL83
| 1
USP21 increases the amount of UL83. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"We found that while knockdown of LIN37, TPRG1L and USP16 decreased the level of p65 and p-p65, the knockdown of LIN37, TPRG1L and TYROBP decreased the level of STAT3 and phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3) (Figure 5A, B)."
31294790
USP21 affects TNF-induced cell death
| 1
USP21 activates TNF-induced cell death. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"The same authors also demonstrated that the ratio of USP2-1 and TRAF2 determined the apoptosis sensitivity in response to TNF-alpha , whereby high USP2-1 / TRAF2 conditions accelerated TNF-induced cell death , and low USP2-1 / TRAF2 conditions inhibited death [ 78 ] ."
33530560
USP21 affects TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB
| 1
USP21 inhibits TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"Ubiquitinated receptor-interacting protein 1 ( RIP1 ) is a positive regulator of NF-kappaB activation induced by TNF-alpha , and in turn , USP21 has been shown to down-regulate TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB activation by deubiquitinating RIP1 [ 138 ] ."
24239534
USP21 affects SOX2
| 1
USP21 deubiquitinates SOX2. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 21 (USP21) deubiquitylates NANOG but not OCT4 or SOX2."
37047234
USP21 affects SNHG16
| 1
USP21 activates SNHG16. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"USP21 can further increase expression of SNHG16 ( Xu P. et al ., 2020 ) ."
34671603
USP21 affects SLCO6A1
| 1
USP21 deubiquitinates SLCO6A1. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Ub-GST was also efficiently deubiquitinated by USP2-3 incrementSRM."
26484888
USP21 increases the amount of Reactive Oxygen Species. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"As expected, knockdown of USP16 in Fgf18 mice markedly activated Nrf2 signaling (Fig. 7H) and reduced ROS level (Fig. 7G, I)."
37777507
USP21 affects RPS20
| 1
USP21 deubiquitinates RPS20. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"It has been shown that ovarian tumor deubiquitinase 3 and ubiquitin-specific peptidase 21 deubiquitinate RPS10 and RPS20, antagonizing ZNF598 function in the RQC pathway (14)."
34488933
USP21 affects RPS10
| 1
USP21 deubiquitinates RPS10. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"It has been shown that ovarian tumor deubiquitinase 3 and ubiquitin-specific peptidase 21 deubiquitinate RPS10 and RPS20, antagonizing ZNF598 function in the RQC pathway (14)."
34488933
USP21 affects RNF2
| 1
RNF2 binds USP21. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"In quiescent splenocytes, RING1B binds transcriptionally active genes in a context of concerted downregulation and upregulation of RING1B E3 ligase and USP16 deubiquitylase activities that leads to mi[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
28087428
USP21 affects RBE cell migration
| 1
USP21 activates RBE cell migration. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"Wound healing and transwell assays demonstrate that USP21 accelerates RBE cell migration ."
33052017
USP21 affects POU5F1
| 1
USP21 deubiquitinates POU5F1. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 21 (USP21) deubiquitylates NANOG but not OCT4 or SOX2."
37047234
USP21 affects OGT
| 1
OGT binds USP21. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Interestingly, we discovered that the interaction between OGT and USP16 was reduced in lysates prepared from the mitotic (M) phase of cells (Fig. 1C), raising a possibility that the interaction of USP16 and OGT may be cell-cycle dependent."
38462164
USP21 affects Neuroblastoma
| 1
USP21 activates Neuroblastoma. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"More so, modulation of USP16 in CD19 and GD2 CAR-expressing T cells seemed to potentiate the self-renewal abilities and functional efficiency in hindering tumor growth in two leukemia and neuroblastom[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
35595613
USP21 activates Neoplasm Metastasis. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"Furthermore , USP21 has been shown to associate with both centrosomes and microtubules to regulate cell motility in three-dimensional matrices [ 29-33 ] , and promotes cell proliferation and metastasis in kinds of cancer [ 34-37 ] ."
31253698
USP21 affects NFkappaB
| 1
USP21 inhibits NFkappaB. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"In addition , the ubiquitin-specific peptidase 21 ( USP21 ) inhibits NF-kappaB in the TNF pathway by deubiquitination of RIP1 [ 37 ] ."
33498196
USP21 affects NFKB1
| 1
USP21 leads to the phosphorylation of NFKB1. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"When stimulated by LPS or TNF-α, USP16 specifically removes Lys33-linked IKKs polyubiquitin chains and promotes IKK-β-mediated phosphorylation of P105, leading to autoimmune responses and the development of IBD (215)."
39185411
USP21 affects Multiple Myeloma
| 1
reach
"35 USP16, USP33 and USP4, among others, were found to be targets of this pan-DUB inhibitor.Inhibition of the 19S regulatory particle-associated DUBs, USP14 and UCHL5, by b-AP15 causes apoptosis in mul[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
28911816
USP21 affects Migration Invasion abnormal USP21 GC cell lines had USP21 tumor cells were selected relationship
| 1
USP21 inhibits Migration Invasion abnormal USP21 GC cell lines had USP21 tumor cells were selected relationship. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"USP21 Promotes the Proliferation , Migration , Invasion , and Stemness of GC Cells Due to the abnormal expression of USP21 in GC , AGS and MKN-45 cell lines which , respectively , had relatively low and high USP21 expression in all tumor cells were selected to study the relationship between USP21 and GC progression ."
33791299
USP21 affects MNX1-AS1
| 1
USP21 binds MNX1-AS1 and 5 C. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"The specific interaction of IGF2BP3 and USP16 was confirmed by Co-IP followed by western blotting ( Fig. 5 B), and the results of RNA-pull-down and RIP assays demonstrated that there was an interactio[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
35953000
USP21 affects Kinetochore
| 1
USP21 leads to the deubiquitination of Kinetochore. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 16 (Usp16) antagonizes the activity of CUL-3-based ubiquitin ligase by deubiquitinating PLK1 at the kinetochore [94]."
35563642
USP21 affects KLF10
| 1
USP21 leads to the deubiquitination of KLF10. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"We also found that maternal USP16 deletion disrupted the deubiquitination of Klf10 and Hspa2, two ZGA genes, at their promoter regions, which might lead to the failure of ZGA (Figure 5E)."
35640597
USP21 affects K27/63-linked polyubiquitin chain
| 1
USP21 inhibits K27/63-linked polyubiquitin chain. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"For example, NLRC3 activation in DCs attenuates their antigen presentation function through p38 MAPK activation, which also phosphorylates USP21 (ubiquitin-specific peptidase 21, a nuclear/cytoplasmic shuttling deubiquitinase) at Ser538 to inhibit STING activity by hydrolyzing its K27/63-linked polyubiquitin chain, which limits their ability to activate CD4 T cells and their polarization to pro-inflammatory Th1 and Th17 cells to prevent against autoinflammation and autoimmunity (Figure 3) [216,217,218]."
38339107
USP21 affects JAK1
| 1
USP21 deubiquitinates JAK1. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"As well, USP16 deubiquitinates and stabilizes JAK1, and augments JAK1 signaling, hence promoting lung tumorigenesis (Figure 4I) [49]."
36980227
USP21 affects IKK_complex
| 1
USP21 deubiquitinates IKK_complex. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"USP16 not only deubiquitinates calcineurin A to facilitate its interaction of NFAT and activation of inflammation genes but also deubiquitinates IKKβ, a key kinase involved in p105 phosphorylation and activation [36,47]."
36980227
USP21 affects Histone_H3
| 1
USP21 leads to the phosphorylation of Histone_H3 on S28. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"In quiescent lymphocytes, USP16 also plays an essential role in regulating gene transcriptional activation, a process that is facilitated by Aurora kinase B-mediated phosphorylation of histone H3 at Ser28 [52]."
36980227
USP21 affects Histone
| 1
USP21 increases the amount of Histone-H2A. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"USP16 also mediates disease progression without affecting ubiquitinated H2A histone levels."
37777507
USP21 affects Hippo pathway
| 1
USP21 activates Hippo pathway. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"USP21 activated the Hippo pathway by mediating FOXM1 ."
34825342
USP21 affects HYCC1
| 1
USP21 activates HYCC1. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Besides, Qian et al. showed that the downregulation of USP16 mediated by carboxyl-terminal truncated HBx mutants promotes the proliferation of HCC cells [88]."
31146743
USP21 affects HSPA2
| 1
USP21 leads to the deubiquitination of HSPA2. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"We also found that maternal USP16 deletion disrupted the deubiquitination of Klf10 and Hspa2, two ZGA genes, at their promoter regions, which might lead to the failure of ZGA (Figure 5E)."
35640597
USP21 affects H2AX
| 1
USP21 deubiquitinates H2AX. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"USP3, USP51 and USP16 de-ubiquitinate H2A/H2AX with varying degrees of specificity [47–49]."
31769469
USP21 affects H2AK15ub
| 1
USP21 deubiquitinates H2AK15ub. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"In this case, USP16 can also deubiquitinate H2AK15ub and fine-tune the Ub signal [16,21] (Figure 4D)."
36980227
USP21 affects H2AK119ub1
| 1
USP21 activates H2AK119ub1. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"However, maternal Usp16-deleted embryos exhibited severe defects in ZGA and a low developmental potential at the two-cell stage, indicating the significance of USP16-mediated large scale H2AK119ub1 removal from maternal genome during meiosis."
35640597
USP21 affects Goosecoid function
| 1
USP21 activates Goosecoid function. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"USP21 modulates Goosecoid function through deubiquitination The homeobox gene Goosecoid ( GSC ) , which is known to regulate craniofacial development , is activated by mono-ubiquitination ; however , the deubiquitylase responsible for GSC deubiquitination and inhibition has yet to be identified ."
31253698
USP21 affects Glioblastoma
| 1
USP21 activates Glioblastoma. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Inhibition of lncEPAT promotes USP16-induced cell-cycle arrest and cellular senescence in glioblastoma cells [74]."
37345170
USP21 affects GSC-Sox6 reporter
| 1
USP21 inhibits GSC-Sox6 reporter. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"USP21 decreased GSC-Sox6 reporter gene activity ."
31253698
USP21 affects GLTSCR2 removal K63-linked polyubiquitin chains
| 1
USP21 activates GLTSCR2 removal K63-linked polyubiquitin chains. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"No evidence was presented to support TRIM25 or USP21 mediated GLTSCR2 removal of K63-linked polyubiquitin chains from RIG-I ."
27824081
USP21 affects GC cell
| 1
USP21 activates GC cell. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"We reported that USP21 promoted GC cell proliferation , migration , invasion , and stemness in vitro , and regulated GC tumor growth and cell stemness in mice in vivo ."
33791299
USP21 affects GATA3-mediated
| 1
USP21 activates GATA3-mediated. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"In a search for DUBs that contribute to GATA3 stabilization in FOXP3-expressing cells , both USP7 and USP21 were shown to upregulate GATA3-mediated activity using a reporter assay131 ."
28959952
USP21 affects GATA-3
| 1
USP21 binds GATA-3. 1 / 1
| 1
trips
"Here, we show how USP21 interacts with and stabilizes GATA3 by mediating its deubiquitination."
23395819
USP21 affects Fubi
| 1
USP21 inhibits Fubi. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Consistently, mutation of the motif in USP16 reduced Fubi reactivity, while reactivity toward ubiquitin was retained (Fig. 5i)."
37443395
USP21 affects FOXP3
| 1
USP21 inhibits FOXP3. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"USP21 prevents FOXP3 degradation through deubiquination , thus stabilizing Treg phenotype and antagonizing the development of Th1-like Tregs [ 65 ] ."
28624966
USP21 affects FOXP3 protein
| 1
USP21 inhibits FOXP3 protein. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"In addition , USP21 prevents the depletion of FOXP3 protein by mediating its deubiquitination and thereby maintaining the expression of Treg signature genes and Treg-specific deficiency of Usp21 contributed to the development of Th1-type inflammation [ 107 ] ."
32369982
USP21 affects FLVCR1
| 1
USP21 activates FLVCR1. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"USP16 can promote the cellular proliferation and growth of PCa (Ge et al., 2021)."
36811009
USP21 affects FK2 foci
| 1
USP21 inhibits FK2 foci. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Depletion of USP16 increases FK2 foci."
33797206
USP21 affects FGF18
| 1
USP21 activates FGF18. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Considering that FGF18 regulates both Nrf2 and USP16, we speculated that USP16 may mediate the protective effects of FGF18 against hepatic IRI by affecting Nrf2 signaling."
37777507
USP21 affects Efficiency
| 1
USP21 activates Efficiency. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"Phenotypically , USP21 depletion leads to a decrease in HR efficiency and impairs tumor cell proliferation , both in vitro as well as in animal models ."
32201366
USP21 affects EZH2 ubiquitination
| 1
USP21 inhibits EZH2 ubiquitination. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"45 USP21 could suppress EZH2 ubiquitination and thus promotes cell proliferation and metastasis in bladder carcinoma ."
33389794
USP21 affects E3 Ub
| 1
USP21 inhibits E3 Ub-H2A. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"The canonical function of USP16 is acting as a histone DUB to antagonize PRC1, the H2A E3 Ub ligase."
36980227
USP21 affects DNM1L
| 1
USP21 binds DNM1L. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Co-IP and GST pull-down assay were used to detect the direct interaction between USP16 and Drp1, as well as the ubiquitination of Drp1."
37488647
USP21 affects DNA repair
| 1
USP21 activates DNA repair. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"USP21 increases DNA repair and tumor growth by stabilizing BRCA2 [ 97 ] ."
31133011
USP21 affects DNA damage frequency
| 1
USP21 activates DNA damage frequency. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"Deactivation of USP21 reduces the HR activity and increases the DNA damage frequency [ 115 ] ."
33013205
reach
"Enforced nuclear localization of USP16 abolishes DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair, possibly due to the unrestrained DUB activity [21]."
36980227
USP21 affects DLBCL oncogenesis
| 1
USP21 activates DLBCL oncogenesis. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"Therefore , USP21 may be supposed to modulate DLBCL oncogenesis through this underlying mechanism ."
33389794
USP21 affects DLBCL cell
| 1
USP21 activates DLBCL cell. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"The expression of USP21 promoted DLBCL cell proliferation , while it had no obvious effect on cell death ."
33389794
USP21 affects DGR region
| 1
USP21 binds DGR region. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Considering that USP16 binds to the DGR region of KEAP1, we further transfected KEAP1-WT or KEAP1-△DGR in USP16-overexpressing HepG2 cells and challenged them with H/R."
37777507
USP21 affects DDR
| 1
USP21 activates DDR. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"USP16 and USP28 have also been shown to modulate DDR and repair pathways."
30497961
USP21 affects Ct-HBx
| 1
USP21 inhibits Ct-HBx. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"USP16 overexpression abolishes the tumorigenic ability of the Ct-HBx."
36980227
eidos
"Cell counting and 5-ethynyl-2 ' - deoxyuridine incorporation assays reveal that USP21 promotes the proliferation of cholangiocarcinoma ."
33052017
USP21 affects Carcinogenesis
| 1
reach
"USP16 was then found to promote K-RAS-mediated lung tumors, and knockout of USP16 in mice attenuates lung tumorigenesis induced by K-ras mutation."
36980227
USP21 affects CHLREDRAFT_24358
| 1
reach
"Cep131 loss promoted manchette and flagella defects, leading to male infertility in mice ; CEP78 regulates spermatogenesis by modulating USP16-mediated Tektin function, while CEP128 is involved in male reproduction by regulating gene expression and/or phosphorylation of TGF-β/BMP-signaling members ."
39349455
USP21 affects BRCA2 cell cycle stage
| 1
USP21 activates BRCA2 cell cycle stage. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"BRCA2 expression in the S phase is stabilized by USP21 , as USP21 loss reduces the expression of BRCA2 in this cell cycle stage [ 115 ] ."
33013205
USP21 affects AURKA
| 1
USP21 activates AURKA. 1 / 1
| 1
eidos
"Knockdown of USP21 markedly increased the ubiquitination level of AURKA , and USP21 restored AURKA activity through deubiquitination ."
36919585
USP21 affects 5 C
| 1
USP21 binds MNX1-AS1 and 5 C. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"The specific interaction of IGF2BP3 and USP16 was confirmed by Co-IP followed by western blotting ( Fig. 5 B), and the results of RNA-pull-down and RIP assays demonstrated that there was an interactio[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
35953000
USP16-2A mutation affects USP21
| 1
USP16-2A mutation activates USP21. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"5S-G treatment markedly increased the nuclear localization of USP16 (Fig. 3, G and H), and the USP16-2A mutation increased the nuclear localization of USP16 (Fig. 3, I and J)."
38462164
RT-qPCR affects USP21
| 1
RT-qPCR decreases the amount of USP21. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"RT-qPCR confirmed elevated ECSIT and decreased LRFN5 and USP16 expression in AD patients (P < 0.05)."
40329959
PLK1 affects USP21
| 1
PLK1 phosphorylates USP21. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"CENP-U, BubR1, PICH, CLIP-170, CLASP2, Survivin, USP16, and RSF1, which interact with PBD and are phosphorylated by PLK1, showed defects in chromosome alignment when a phospho-mutant was introduced [62,90,92,94,96,97,99,100,105,106,136,144,145,147]."
35563642
USP21 is modified
| 1
USP21 is deubiquitinated. 1 / 1
| 1
trips
"Deubiquitinating enzyme USP21 inhibits HIV-1 replication by downregulating Tat expression."
33827943
MNX1-AS1 affects USP21
| 1
USP21 binds MNX1-AS1 and 5 C. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"The specific interaction of IGF2BP3 and USP16 was confirmed by Co-IP followed by western blotting ( Fig. 5 B), and the results of RNA-pull-down and RIP assays demonstrated that there was an interactio[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
35953000
M6-ABP affects USP21
| 1
M6-ABP activates USP21. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Biotinylated M6-ABP was successfully used as an affinity reagent for the enrichment of interactors of USP7, enabling the detection of two known USP7 partners (PPlL4 and DHX40) and two other USPs (USP15 and USP16) [82]."
37626927
HDAC6 affects USP21
| 1
HDAC6 activates USP21. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Analysis of the dose-dependent antagonism of both HDAC6 and USP16 suggests that using 25 at a concentration of 3 μM would limit the off-target effects of USP16 while achieving significant antagonism of HDAC6.To further characterize the selectivity of 25, we synthesized 33 (Figure 5c(i)), a biotin-labeled derivative of 25, for use as an affinity reagent for proteome-wide cellular target engagement profiling."
37499118
H2AC20 affects USP21
| 1
H2AC20 inhibits USP21. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"When a HeLa cell line stably expressing Flag-H2A and HA-Ub was transfected with WT or USP16 with mutations at Thr203 and/or Ser214, the levels of uH2A, which were detected by anti-HA immunoblots, were significantly reduced by expressing WT USP16 (Fig. 4, E and F)."
38462164
GDP-M affects USP21
| 1
GDP-M inhibits USP21. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"From a metabolomics perspective, Ding et al (66) reported that guanosine diphosphate-mannose (GDP-M), a metabolite, accumulates in cells and reduces the interaction between BRCA2 and ubiquitin-specific peptidase 21."
40093872
GATA-3 affects USP21
| 1
USP21 binds GATA-3. 1 / 1
| 1
trips
"Here, we show how USP21 interacts with and stabilizes GATA3 by mediating its deubiquitination."
23395819
DNM1L affects USP21
| 1
USP21 binds DNM1L. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Co-IP and GST pull-down assay were used to detect the direct interaction between USP16 and Drp1, as well as the ubiquitination of Drp1."
37488647
DGR region affects USP21
| 1
USP21 binds DGR region. 1 / 1
| 1
reach
"Considering that USP16 binds to the DGR region of KEAP1, we further transfected KEAP1-WT or KEAP1-△DGR in USP16-overexpressing HepG2 cells and challenged them with H/R."
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Cyclin affects USP21
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Cyclin phosphorylates USP21. 1 / 1
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"USP16 (also known as Ubp-M) is phosphorylated at the onset of mitosis by cdc-2/cyclin B complexes ( Cai et al., 1999 )."
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5 C affects USP21
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USP21 binds MNX1-AS1 and 5 C. 1 / 1
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"The specific interaction of IGF2BP3 and USP16 was confirmed by Co-IP followed by western blotting ( Fig. 5 B), and the results of RNA-pull-down and RIP assays demonstrated that there was an interactio[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
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3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid leads to the methylation of USP21. 1 / 1
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"For instance, IPA specifically binds to methionine adenosyltransferase 2A (MAT2A), enhancing S-adenosylmethionine synthesis and subsequently inducing DNA methylation of the deubiquitinating enzyme USP16."
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