IndraLab

"Target Topology Position Structural description Position Subunit structure Role TfR Cytoplasmic 1–67 Mediates interaction with SH3BP4 domain Ligand binding site TM Helix; Signal- 68–88 Endocytosis signal anchor for type Stop transfer sequence II membrane protein ECD 89–760 Cell attachment site; required for binding to transferrin InsR ECDs 28–758;763–956 Insulin-binding LDLR TM helix Cytoplasmic domain ECD 957–979 980–1382 22–788 ATP binding sites H+ donor/acceptor Nucleoside (ATP) binding sites Clustered O-linked oligosaccharides TM helix Cytoplasmic domain nAchR Signal peptide Intracellular domain TM helices LRP Signal peptide ECD TM helix Cytoplasmic domain LepR Signal peptide ECD TM helix Cytoplasmic 789–810 811–860 1–27 variable/ unique to each subunit 247–270; 282–300; 312–333; 473–493 1–20 25–4444 4445–4467 4468–4599 1–21 22–839 840–862 863–1165 Required for MYLIP-triggered downregulation of LDLR NPXY motif The most common nAChRs in the brain are hetero-oligomeric α4β2 nAChRs and homo-oligomeric α7 nAChRs Endocytosis signal Endocytosis signal Fibronectin type-III 1, 2 Fibronectin type-III 3, 4 Ig-like Leptin-binding JAK2 activation region STAT3 phosphorylation WSXWS motif Box 1 motif £ 1–67 569–760 20–23 58–61 Homodimer; disulfide-linked Cellular uptake of iron molecules 646–648 Phe66 Tetramer of 2 alpha and 2 beta chains linked by disulfide Ser1033 Lys1057 Asp1177 Asp1159 bonds 1104–1110; 1163–1164 721–768 The NPXY motif of LDLR interact physically with DAB2 and LDLRAP1 811–860 823–828 InsR is a receptor tyrosine kinase that mediates the pleiotropic actions of insulin Binds LDL, the major cholesterol-carrying lipoprotein of plasma, and transports it into the endothelial cells by RMT-based endocytosis – nAChRs belong to the ‘Cys-loop’ superfamily of ligand-gated In dendrites, nAchRs mediate direct ion channels that includes GABAA, glycine, and serotonin postsynaptic effects, or on axon terminals, (5-HT3) receptors they play a role in modulating of synaptic transmission 4492–4495 4559–4562 Binds LRPAP1, PLAU, PLAT, and SERPINE1; binding is Regulating of BBB homeostasis by modulating followed by internalization and degradation of the ligands TJs, endothelial cells and the remodeling of ECM 239–333; 539–634 639–732; 740–833 331–429 467–484 893–898 898–906 622–626 871–879 LepR presents as a mixture of monomers and dimers."

"We hypothesise that interactions between IR and LDLR play a role in the atherosclerotic process in subjects with diabetes."

"This co-association of LDLR with IR and their dissociation by insulin may be an important part of the regulatory mechanism of the normal physiological receptor function in a biological system."

"This association may be attributed to the multi-level interaction between the insulin receptor and the LDL receptor ( xref )."

"A co-immunoprecipitation assay found that LDL receptor (LDLR) and insulin receptor (IR) formed a complex in HUVECs."

"In 2019, the proficiency of signal transmission from this IR-LDLR receptor complex was reported."

"Interaction of LDLr and IR."

"We have earlier shown an inter association between insulin receptor (IR) and LDL receptor (LRLR) showing IR dependent regulation of LDLR activity XREF_BIBR."

"Studies from our laboratory have demonstrated the existence of a co-localized association of IR (insulin receptor) and LDLR (LDL receptor) on the plasma membrane of biological cells xref xref ."

"Besides, the co-binding of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and insulin receptor (IR) reduces the ability of LDLR to clean up LDLR in blood, and insulin can destroy this co-binding [ xref ]."

"The inter association between LDLR and IR may be a reason to render LDLR functionally inactive in presence of leptin."

"In 2012, the IR-LDLR inter-association was identified."

"Cholesterol metabolism is important in neurons and glial cells, which should cooperate for brain development and function, and LDLr , which interacts with IR, plays an important role in cholesterol synthesis and turnover regulation [ xref ]."

"This co-association of LDLR with IR and their dissociation by insulin may be an important part of the regulatory mechanism of the normal physiological receptor function in a biological system."

"A co-immunoprecipitation assay found that LDL receptor (LDLR) and insulin receptor (IR) formed a complex in HUVECs."

"To further elucidate the relationship between LDL and insulin, interaction between IR and LDLR was explored."

"These results indicate that IR and LDLR probably form a complex and translocate from the cell membrane to the cytoplasm after incubation in LDL."

"Ramakrishnan demonstrated an intracellular co-association and plasma membrane co-localization of IR and LDLR in HepG2 cells, and insulin stimulation of the cellular expression of LDLR and enhanced its functional activity by disrupting the co-localized IR and LDLR complex 40."

"Hence, we hypothesize that an interaction between LDLR and IR might occur in HUVECs."

"Thus, immunoprecipitation studies were conducted and revealed that LDLR indeed forms a complex with IR in HUVECs."

"It is possible that LDL may stimulate the formation of an IR and LDLR complex and subsequently promotes translocation of the complex from cell membrane to cytosol, ultimately affecting the downstream signaling pathway, including autophagy."

"Hence, we hypothesize that an interaction between LDLR and IR might occur in HUVECs."

"Thus, immunoprecipitation studies were conducted and revealed that LDLR indeed forms a complex with IR in HUVECs."

"To further elucidate the relationship between LDL and insulin, interaction between IR and LDLR was explored."

"These results indicate that IR and LDLR probably form a complex and translocate from the cell membrane to the cytoplasm after incubation in LDL."

"We hypothesise that interactions between IR and LDLR play a role in the atherosclerotic process in subjects with diabetes."

"It is possible that LDL may stimulate the formation of an IR-LDLR complex and subsequently promotes translocation of the complex from cell membrane to cytosol, ultimately affecting the downstream signaling pathway, including autophagy."