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CTNNB1 phosphorylates CTNNB1. 136 / 140
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"In this study, we demonstrated that PDE1, particularly PDE1A, regulates beta-catenin and TCF signaling through PP2A B56gamma dependent regulation of GSK-3beta phosphorylation, beta-catenin phosphorylation, and beta-catenin protein degradation."
21078118
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"When it is in an inactive state, β-catenin is phosphorylated by the β-catenin destruction complex assembled by APC/GSK-3β/CKIα/Axin, leading to its degradation by ubiquitination."
32566019
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"Mutations in APC or beta-catenin lead to dissociation of the complex, causing the accumulation of nonphosphorylated beta-catenin, which translocates to the nucleus and acts as a transcriptional coactivator of TCF transcription factors (Kinzler and Vogelstein, 1996; Bienz and Clevers, 2000)."
14710233
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"As a result, beta-catenin phosphorylation increases, then phosphorylated beta-catenin diffuses into the nucleus and binds to T-cell factor and lymphoid enhancer factor (TCF/LEF), which promotes the transcription."
25737167
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"When Wnt signaling is turned off, the tumor suppressor adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), Axin, and beta-catenin form protein complexes in the cytoplasm, leading to the phosphorylation of beta-catenin by CKI and GSK3beta, and its degradation by the 26S proteasome."
24388106
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"Pretreatment with 1,25 (OH) 2 D 3 and LY294002 (phosphoinositide 3-kinase [PIK3] inhibitor) significantly inhibited the IS induced phosphorylation of Akt and beta-catenin, nuclear beta-catenin accumulation, and EMT associated protein expression."
31536856
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"Importantly, these enhancers potentiated unphosphorylated β-catenin ubiquitylation with chain lengths similar to that of doubly-phosphorylated WT β-catenin."
30926793
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"Hence, Caco-2 cells harbor an APC mutation, whereas HCT-116 cells harbor a single amino acid deletion (CTNNB1 p.S45del) which prevent beta-catenin phosphorylation and degradation by the proteasome."
26107817
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"FRAT1 has been identified as a positive regulator of the Wnt and beta-catenin pathway, which can inhibit the GSK-3-mediated phosphorylation of beta-catenin XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR."
23613813
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"In the absence of Wnt stimuli, β-catenin is constitutively phosphorylated by the β-catenin destruction complex consisting of axin, adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and glycogen synthase kinase 3β [GSK3β]."
21210154
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"Dissociation of beta-catenin from the AJs, also due to SFK mediated phosphorylations of VE-cadherin and beta-catenin results in its nuclear localization and suppression of claudin gene transcription."
27245276
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"They demonstrate that binding to GSK3beta and to beta-catenin, which was reported to stimulate beta-catenin phosphorylation in vitro, is not sufficient in vivo either for beta-catenin degradation or for inhibition of its signaling."
10330403
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"Axin2, a Wnt signaling upstream gene of beta-catenin, efficiently supports the GSK3beta dependent phosphorylation of beta-catenin in normal cells, which subsequently marks the posttranslationally modi[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
25305448
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"We hypothesized that AMPK inhibits adipogenesis through Wnt and beta-catenin signaling pathway via phosphorylation of beta-catenin."
20361929
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"GSK3β is a critical regulator of β-catenin destabilization, which promotes the phosphorylation and ubiquitination of β-catenin, leading to β-catenin proteasomal degradation [44]."
33893396
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"In the absence of Wnt ligand, a beta-catenin destruction complex, composed of Axin, glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3), casein kinase I alpha (CKIalpha), and the tumor suppressor adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), promotes phosphorylation of beta-catenin, targeting it for ubiquitin mediated proteasomal degradation."
22304967
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"Phosphorylation of β-catenin by Gsk3β targets β-catenin to ubiquitination and proteasome degradation."
20140245
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"In the absence of Wnt, beta-catenin is phosphorylated by the beta-catenin destruction complex, a cytosolic multiprotein complex consisting of axin, GSK3, APC, etc.."
25609086
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"After induction, both NOD-MSCs and ICR-MSCs showed increased expression of β-catenin and phosphorylated β-catenin."
23229835
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"Sustained activation of Wnt proteins causes the disassembly of the beta-catenin destruction complex, which can no longer phosphorylate beta-catenin for proteasome mediated degradation."
28219919
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"Phosphorylation of beta-catenin by GSK3beta targets beta-catenin to ubiquitination and proteasome degradation XREF_BIBR."
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"11,12 In summary, all six SN-HPCs harbored mutations abrogating the phosphorylation and subsequent proteasomal degradation of beta-catenin by the beta-catenin disruption complex, which is consistent w[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
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"Beta-catenin itself is also a likely target for GSK3, since wild-type GSK3 phosphorylates beta-catenin at a conserved site whose mutation increases its stability (Yost et al. 1996)."
9039260
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"Wnt and beta-catenin pathway, also termed the canonical Wnt pathway, is activated upon the binding of Wnt ligands to a dual receptor complex comprising low-density lipoprotein receptor related protein 5 or 6 (LRP5/6) co-receptors and the frizzled receptor at the cell membrane (Baron and Kneissel, 2013), causing the suppression of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK3beta) activity and preventing phosphorylation of beta-catenin and its proteosomal degradation (MacDonald and He, 2012)."
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"The key components of this destruction complex include the scaffold protein Axin, beta-catenin binding protein adenomatous polyposis coli, protein kinases casein kinase (CK) 1 alpha and delta and glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3alpha and beta) that continuously phosphorylate beta-catenin."
33163244
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"In the absence of WNT signaling, the beta-catenin destruction complex phosphorylates beta-catenin, leading to subsequent proteasomal degradation of the protein."
33425886
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"Interaction of WNT and FZ/LRP receptors promotes hyperphosphorylation of DVL, and inhibits the beta-catenin degradation complex made up of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), GSK3beta and the scaffold protein AXIN1, effectively blocking phosphorylation and degradation of cytoplasmic beta-catenin."
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"Kolegraff et al xref xref demonstrated that down-regulation of DSC2 activated the EGFR/Akt pathway, which caused the accumulation of phosphorylated β-catenin in the nucleus and phosphorylated β-catenin could activate the downstream target genes, resulting in the abnormal proliferation and invasion of tumor cells."
33204158
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"Axin2 scaffolds a group of Wnt regulating proteins known as the beta-catenin destruction complex, which poly-phosphorylates beta-catenin."
28588489
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"Beta-catenin translocation after Wnt activation can also be mediated through the sequestration of GSK3, the protein that phosphorylates and destabilizes beta-catenin, inside multivesicular endosomes [XREF_BIBR]."
28974015
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"In normal cells the degradation of beta-catenin is regulated by Wnt signaling : beta-catenin is constitutively phosphorylated by the beta-catenin destruction complex, which marks beta-catenin for ubiquitination followed by rapid proteasomal degradation; Wnt signaling inactivates the beta-catenin destruction complex, thereby inhibiting phosphorylation of beta-catenin and consequently ubiquitination and degradation of the protein."
26456834
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"In the absence of WNT signaling, the β-catenin destruction complex phosphorylates β-catenin, leading to subsequent proteasomal degradation of the protein."
33425886
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"Interestingly, IKKβ is a β-catenin kinase that can directly phosphorylate the conserved degron motif of β-catenin to prime it for β-TrCP-mediated ubiquitination and degradation (10, 55)."
34957242
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"GSK3 beta is a negative regulator of the Wnt / beta-catenin signaling pathway as it forms a complex with other proteins and phosphorylates beta-catenin leading to degradation of the molecule [XREF_BIBR]."
26937223
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"The Wnt and beta-catenin signaling pathway, also known as the canonical Wnt pathway, inhibits the phosphorylation and degradation of beta-catenin, which accumulates in the cytoplasm and translocates into the nucleus, where it binds to transcription factors (ternary complex factor and lymphoid enhancer factor 1, TCF and LEF1) and regulates the expression of a number of targeted genes."
28578392
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"GSK3β is the key component of the β-catenin degradation complex, which phosphorylates β-catenin for subsequent ubiquitination and degradation."
31838050
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"In normal cells the degradation of β-catenin is regulated by Wnt signaling: β-catenin is constitutively phosphorylated by the β-catenin destruction complex, which marks β-catenin for ubiquitination followed by rapid proteasomal degradation ( xref ; xref ); Wnt signaling inactivates the β-catenin destruction complex, thereby inhibiting phosphorylation of β-catenin and consequently ubiquitination and degradation of the protein ( xref ; xref )."
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"These cancers often contain mutations of either the APC gene or of the beta-catenin gene (CTNNB1) itself, which impedes the targeting phosphorylation of beta-catenin, freeing the protein from ubiquitination and its subsequent degradation [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."
12956888
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"Phosphorylation of beta-catenin by Gsk3beta targets beta-catenin to ubiquitination and proteasome degradation."
20140245
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"Wnt and beta-catenin pathway, also termed the canonical Wnt pathway, is activated upon the binding of Wnt ligands to a dual receptor complex comprising low-density lipoprotein receptor related protein 5 or 6 (LRP5/6) co-receptors and the frizzled receptor at the cell membrane, causing the suppression of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK3beta) activity and preventing phosphorylation of beta-catenin and its proteosomal degradation."
33409280
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"This enzyme is an important member of the β-catenin destruction complex that phosphorylates β-catenin as a preceding step for its degradation, keeping the cytosolic concentrations of β-catenin low in the absence of Wnt ligands."
32674468
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"C-T conversion of a single base in the CTNNB1 gene prevented phosphorylation and degradation of β-catenin protein, leading to a 7-fold increase of β-catenin levels in HEK293T cultures."
32733204
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"If so, then the loss of PS may indirectly promote GSK-3 mediated phosphorylation of β-catenin by neither sequestering β-catenin nor GSK-3."
19137062
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"Imatinib, a Bcr-Abl antagonist, impairs the beta-catenin and TCF-related transcription causing a rapid cytosolic retention of Y unphosphorylated beta-catenin, which presents an increased binding affinity for the Axin and GSK3beta complex."
17318191
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"The beta-catenin destruction unit consisting of proteins axin, glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) and an ancestral adenomatosis polyposis coli gene product in the cytoplasm is able to phosphorylate beta-catenin, thus, marking it for ubiquitination."
26239915
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"Finally, the β-catenin destruction complexes are disassembled, which allows unphosphorylated β-catenin to accumulate and subsequently translocate to the nucleus ."
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"In addition, beta-catenin oncogenic mutations have been reported in approximately 10% of colorectal cancer patients, and these missense or deletion mutations are located at beta-catenin sites where GSK3beta normally phosphorylates beta-catenin, leading to stable beta-catenin translocation into the nucleus for Wnt activation [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."
28356914
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"CKIdelta directly phosphorylates numerous components of the beta-catenin degradation complex in vitro, i.e., Dsh, APC, axin, and beta-catenin, and CKIepsilon phosphorylates axin and beta-catenin in vivo XREF_BIBR."
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"Obviously, this is reminiscent of the scaffolding function of axin during beta-catenin phosphorylation by the beta-catenin kinases CK1alpha and GSK3."
29438981
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"APC regulates beta-catenin levels by forming a complex with beta-catenin, Axin, and GSK3beta that leads to the phosphorylation of beta-catenin and its degradation through ubiquitin mediated proteolysis."
14662741
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"When Wnt cannot bind with dual receptors (LRP5/6 and Frizzled 7), the level of β-catenin will be reduced by the β-catenin destruction complex which phosphorylates β-catenin, leading to ubiquitination and further degradation of β-catenin [ xref , xref ]."
33105778
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"Beta-catenin is phosphorylated by CK1alpha and glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3beta in a complex that contains APC and axin, targeting beta-catenin for ubiquitination and degradation XREF_BIBR."
19190323
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"Signaling by Wnt ligands upon binding to transmembrane Frizzled (Fz) receptor and its co-receptors, LRP5/6 leads to the transduction of signals and accumulation of β-catenin in the cytoplasm by preventing GSK-3β-mediated phosphorylation and proteosomal degradation of β-catenin."
32132640
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"Mutations in exon 3 of the CTNNB1 gene that prevent phosphorylation and degradation of beta-catenin, a component of the adherens junction and a mediator of Wnt signalling pathway have been identified in adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas and are possibly implicated in their pathogenesis."
29623208
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"Gastrin significantly increased intestinal polyposis, but combination of PPI and gastrin markedly attenuated intestinal polyposis compared to gastrin promoted APCMin/+ mice (P <.001), in which significant beta-catenin phosphorylation and inhibition of beta-catenin nuclear translocation were observed with PPI alone or combination of PPI and gastrin, whereas gastrin treatment significantly increased beta-catenin nuclear translocation."
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"We found that LGK974 downregulated phosphorylation of the WNT co-receptor LRP6 and in parallel triggered the accumulation of Axin1, a member of the beta-catenin destruction complex, which with APC promote, the ubiquitin dependent proteasomal degradation of beta-catenin via CK1alpha- and GSK3beta mediated phosphorylation of beta-catenin XREF_BIBR - XREF_BIBR."
29895949
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"Nonphosphorylated β-catenin antibody, which specifically recognizes residues encoded by exon 3, only detects the wild-type β-catenin from noncardiomyocytes (Figure 6D)."
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"Phosphorylated Akt, total Akt, N-cadherin, α-catenin, β-catenin, and tyrosine phosphorylated β-catenin were analyzed by immunoblotting with specific Abs as described [14,18] ."
19501458
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"Axin acts as a scaffolding protein in the β-catenin destruction complex, and brings together GSK3β and β-catenin, which enhances β-catenin phosphorylation and subsequent degradation [58] ."
34989786
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"A second proposes that GSK3 and beta-catenin are spatially separated by the uptake of GSK3 into multivesicular bodies (MVBs), preventing cytoplasmic beta-catenin phosphorylation [XREF_BIBR]."
27284979
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"In the absence of Wnt ligands, the β-catenin destruction complex phosphorylates β-catenin, which in turn leads to its ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation by the SCF UbL β-Transducin Repeat-Containing Protein (β-TrCP) ( xref , right )."
33218686
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"Supplementary Fig. 1 Total cell lysates isolated from PC3 cells transfected with pEV and pshNcad were used to determine the expression of Twist, Snai1, beta-catenin, phosphorylated beta-catenin and GA[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
21855541
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"In the absence of Wnt ligand binding (or inactive state), β-catenin is phosphorylated by β-catenin destruction complex proteins, including axin, adenomatous polyposis coli, glycogen synthase kinase-3 β, and casein kinase-1 [ xref ]."
33799644
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"As mentioned, β-catenin is phosphorylated by the β-catenin destruction complex consisting of APC, Axin1 and GSK3β, which is maintained at low levels through targeted ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation [ xref , xref , xref ]."
35269974
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"Previous studies have demonstrated that beta-catenin is constitutively phosphorylated by the beta-catenin destruction complex, which marks beta-catenin for ubiquitination by a beta-Trcp-containing E3 ubiquitin ligase complex."
26456834
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"In the OFF state, or in the absence of extracellular Wnt ligands, cytoplasmic β-catenin is sequentially phosphorylated by the β-catenin destruction complex (DC) composed of casein kinase 1a (CK1), glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3), the scaffold protein axin, and the tumor suppressor adenomatous polyposis coli (APC)."
27226375
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"Phosphorylation of beta-catenin by GSK3beta targets beta-catenin for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation XREF_BIBR."
19159010
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"The level of beta-catenin in cells is tightly controlled by its degradation complex composed of Axin, APC, GSK-3beta, and beta-catenin, in which GSK-3beta phosphorylates beta-catenin and thus triggers its ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation."
21423639
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"Without WNT ligands, beta-catenin is phosphorylated and degraded by a beta-catenin destruction complex, which includes AXIN, adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), and glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3)."
26562615
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"These activities are may lead to the phosphorylation of beta-catenin and target the phospho beta-catenin to proteosomal degradation, which essentially suppressed the Wnt and beta-catenin signaling pathway and expression of its target gene, cyclin D1."
29433490
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"Previous studies have demonstrated that β-catenin is constitutively phosphorylated by the β-catenin destruction complex, which marks β-catenin for ubiquitination by a β-Trcp-containing E3 ubiquitin ligase complex ( xref ; xref )."
26456834
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"The upstream of beta-catenin, glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK-3beta) destruction complex, suppresses the phosphorylation of beta-catenin."
28790389
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"In the absence of signaling, the beta-catenin destruction complex that includes axis inhibition protein (Axin), adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), casein kinase 1 alpha (CK1alpha), and glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) mediates beta-catenin phosphorylation."
26864984
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"Activation of Wnt and beta-catenin signaling occurs upon binding of Wnt to the receptors, thus causing hypophosphorylation of its substrate, beta-catenin (Hay, et al., 2004)."
22151351
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"Phosphorylation of beta-catenin at Serine37 by GSK-3beta targets beta-catenin for degradation."
26908451
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"As seen in our study, the majority of CTNNB1 mutations affect the GSK3beta binding sites for beta-catenin, which ultimately influences the ability of GSK3beta to phosphorylate beta-catenin and signal its degradation."
23765252
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"When it is in an inactive state, beta-catenin is phosphorylated by the beta-catenin destruction complex assembled by APC/GSK-3beta/CKIalpha/Axin, leading to its degradation by ubiquitination."
32566019
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"Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was also examined by analyzing the expression of total β-catenin and phosphorylated β-catenin in cytoplasm, and the results showed that the growth inhibitory effects of oxymatrine treatment on MCF-7 cells may be due to the inhibition of SP and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway."
21069479
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"It was further proposed that Rac1, JNK2, and β-catenin form a complex in the cytoplasm and JNK2 phosphorylates β-catenin to promote its nuclear translocation , although it remains unclear how Rac1, normally linked to Wnt/Fz-PCP signaling , is involved in canonical Wnt-signaling."
30546012
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"Endogenous beta-catenin co-immunoprecipitated with endogenous activated FLT3, and recombinant activated FLT3 directly phosphorylated recombinant beta-catenin."
17851558
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"p.Glu54* and p.Phe99fs are located in the amino-terminal domain and predicted to lead to nonsense-mediated decay, while p.Arg449fs is located in the central armadillo repeat domain, which is essential for the phosphorylation of β-catenin by protein kinase CK2 (ref."
32989326
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"Although GSK3beta is able to phosphorylate beta-catenin thus marking the protein for degradation, neither changes in the levels of phosphorylated nor total beta-catenin was seen following re-exposure to the cocaine paired environment."
24595501
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"In the absence of the Wnt ligand or in the presence of a Wnt antagonist, a multi-protein β-catenin destruction complex, which includes Axin, APC (adenomatous polyposis gene), glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β), and casein kinase alpha (CKIα), hyper-phosphorylates β-catenin."
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"We explored whether the AKT/ β-catenin axis mediated the effects of miR-708.First, we found that SPHK2 overexpression increased phosphorylated Akt, phosphorylated GSK3-β and β-catenin levels, whereas SPHK2 inhibition decreased phosphorylated Akt, phosphorylated GSK3-β, and β-catenin levels in glioma cells (Fig. 6a)."
31171769
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"In the absence of Wnt (Wnt-off), β-catenin is phosphorylated by the β-catenin degradation complex."
35279748
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"In this pathway, APC and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) combined with Wnt pathway key regulator β-catenin induces β-catenin phosphorylation and degradation to avoid Wnt pathway over-activation."
34540977
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"Whereas the well established beta-catenin E3 ubiquitin ligase component beta-TrCP ubiquitylates only phosphorylated beta-catenin, Jade-1 ubiquitylates both phosphorylated and non phosphorylated beta-catenin and therefore regulates canonical Wnt signalling in both Wnt-off and Wnt-on phases."
18806787
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"Sulindac sulphide abrogated beta-catenin and TCF-mediated transcription in the CRC cell lines DLD1 and SW480, and decreased the levels of nonphosphorylated beta-catenin."
14710233
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"In the absence of wnt, beta-catenin is phosphorylated by the beta-catenin destruction complex and targeted for proteasomal degradation."
25371494
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"In the absence of Wnt stimulation, a beta-catenin destruction complex consisting of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta) and AXIN phosphorylates beta-catenin, resulting in its ubiquitin mediated proteasomal degradation."
26452219
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"Axin promotes the formation of a complex comprising itself, glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta), adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and beta-catenin, which in turn enhances the phosphorylation of[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
12185851
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"In the absence of wnt, β-catenin is phosphorylated by the β-catenin destruction complex and targeted for proteasomal degradation."
25371494
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"We found that STK4 colocalized with β-catenin and directly phosphorylated β-catenin resulting to its degradation via the ubiquitin-mediated pathway."
32741119
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"This recruitment inactivates the beta-catenin destruction complex, which is conformed by protein Axin, tumor-suppressor adenomatous polyposis coli gene product (APC), CK1, and GSK3beta, thus preventing beta-catenin phosphorylation by GSK3 and consequently, its proteasomal degradation."
28203237
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"In addition, Caspi et al. (2008) , using colorectal cell lines that express a mutant form of β-catenin which cannot be phosphorylated by GSK-3β and ectopically expressed mutant β-catenin protein, sho[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
21035499
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"It is well known that serine-phosphorylation of beta-catenin by the Axin-glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3beta complex targets beta-catenin for ubiquitination-degradation, and mutations at critical phosphoserine residues stabilize beta-catenin and cause human cancers."
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"GSK3β is a component of the β-catenin destruction complex which phosphorylates β-catenin leading to its ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasomal pathway xref , xref ."
23285165
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"Phosphorylation of beta-catenin by GSK3beta targets beta-catenin for ubiquitination and proteosome mediated degradation [XREF_BIBR - XREF_BIBR], which occurs within a large complex that involves Axin, the product of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene, protein phosphatase 2A, GSK3beta, and beta-TrCP [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."
18822127
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"The β-catenin destruction complex is ineffective in phosphorylating and degrading β-catenin resulting in nuclear translocation of β-catenin [2]."
32488834
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"Since GSK3 is a kinase within the β-catenin destruction complex, which could phosphorylate Axin-bound β-catenin and the phosphorylated β-catenin is then ubiquitinated and targeted for rapid destruction by the proteasome, preventing activation of β-catenin target genes xref , xref , GSK3 can act as a negative regulator of β-catenin."
29497056
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"It was previously well documented that Axin2, a beta-catenin and TCF signaling target molecule, could enhance the phosphorylation of beta-catenin and induce proteasomal degradation of beta-catenin, fo[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
24975844
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"Diversin recruits CKIepsilon to the beta-catenin degradation complex that consists of Axin and Conductin and GSK3beta and allows efficient phosphorylation of beta-catenin, thereby inhibiting beta-catenin and Tcf signals."
12183362
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"The beta-catenin destruction complex comprised of GSK-3, Axin and APC can bind to and phosphorylate beta-catenin, which is followed by its proteasomal degradation [XREF_BIBR]."
28969700
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"The upstream kinase of p65, IKKβ is also a β-catenin kinase that phosphorylates the conserved degron motif to prime the β-catenin for β-transducing repeat-containing protein (βTrCP)-mediated ubiquitination and degradation in MSCs."
30510839
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"However, no change (P > 0.10) was detected in abundance of total beta-catenin protein or beta-catenin phosphorylated isoforms at serine 552 or 675."
34428611
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"In this context, we investigated the protein levels of total β-catenin and phosphorylated β-catenin in HEK-293 and Neuro-2a cells after incubation with GO-treated media ( xref )."
31731544
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"In the absence of Wnt stimuli, beta-catenin is constitutively phosphorylated by the beta-catenin destruction complex consisting of axin, adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and glycogen synthase kinase 3beta [GSK3beta]."
21210154
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"In the so called OFF-state Wnt signalling is not present, and β-catenin is phosphorylated by the Wnt/ β-catenin inhibitory complex through the scaffolding proteins of Axin and APC."
34348663
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"Mutations in APC or beta-catenin lead to dissociation of the complex, causing accumulation of unphosphorylated beta-catenin, which translocates to the nucleus and acts as a transcriptional coactivator of TCF transcription factors [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."
29050252
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"Furthermore, EGF also promoted disruption of HA tagged beta-catenin with the AJ protein alpha-catenin, which was again reversed by mutation of Jak3 mediated phosphorylation sites (Y30F, Y64F, Y86F) in beta-catenin (XREF_FIG C, center panel)."
28821617
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"The Wnt and beta-catenin signaling pathway inhibits phosphorylation of beta-catenin, thus resulting in its stabilization, cytoplasmic accumulation and subsequent nuclear translocation."
29568900
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"In absence of Wnt ligands, the beta-Catenin destruction complex, comprising of APC, Axin and GSK3beta, phosphorylates beta-Catenin to initiate ubiquitin dependent degradation [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."
33292279
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"16 When the pathway is inactive, beta-catenin is phosphorylated and targeted to degradation by the beta-catenin destruction complex."
27441654
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"In pathological conditions, activation of Wnt signaling results in the disassembly of β-catenin destruction complex and prevention GSK3β-mediated phosphorylation of β-catenin."
32581789
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"Axin (Axil and conductin) binds to form a complex with APC, beta-catenin, and GSK3beta to promote beta-catenin phosphorylation and subsequent binding with slim (beta-TrCP) which mediates its ubiquitination and degradation in the proteasome [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."
14672538
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"Without a Wnt signal, the β-Catenin destruction complex binds and phosphorylates non-cadherin-associated β-Catenin."
26205886
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"Deletions of exon 3 of CTNNB1 or mutations prevent beta-catenin phosphorylation, and thus its degradation leads to an increase in both cytoplasmic and nuclear beta-catenin protein levels, which results in the constitutive activation of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway (Figure 2)."
31547062
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"In the absence of Wnt ligands, a complex between Axin, adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumor suppressor protein, casein kinase (CK) 2, glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) 3beta, and beta-catenin causes the phosphorylation of beta-catenin by GSK3beta and targets it for subsequent degradation by the proteasome XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR (XREF_FIG)."
28408959
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"In addition, knockdown of beta-catenin reduced beta-catenin phosphorylation in A549/WT cells (XREF_FIG)."
26860078
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"This results in the inhibition of β-catenin phosphorylation and accumulation of β-catenin in the cytoplasm followed by translocation into the nucleus to regulate the target gene transcription in cooperation with TCF and LEF family transcription factors."
23471552
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"APC forms together with Axin the core of the so-called beta-catenin destruction complex [ xref ], which phosphorylates beta-catenin, targeting it for ubiquitination and consequent proteasomal degradation ( xref )."
33348689
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"Phosphorylation of beta-catenin by GSK-3beta targets beta-catenin for ubiquitination and degradation, thereby terminating the signal [XREF_BIBR]."
21601837
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"Relatedly, activated beta-catenin has been shown to be up-regulated in the nuclei of myofibroblasts of fibroblastic foci of IPF patients [XREF_BIBR], and alveolar epithelial responses to TGF-beta involve alpha3 integrin for beta-catenin phosphorylation and formation of a beta-catenin and p-Smad 2 complex resulting in initiation of EMT [XREF_BIBR]."
22838404
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"Phosphorylation of beta-catenin by GSK-3beta targets beta-catenin for ubiquitination and proteasome mediated degradation."
12969793
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"XREF_FIG C, bottom panel, shows that, EGF stimulation of HA tagged beta-catenin led to a similar level of Tyr 654 phosphorylation of beta-catenin; however, co-stimulation with IL-2 led to disruption of interactions between HA tagged beta-catenin and Hif1alpha, which were reversed by mutation of Jak3 mediated phosphorylation sites (Y30F, Y64F, Y86F) in beta-catenin (XREF_FIG C, top panel)."
28821617
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"In the cytoplasm, the transcriptional co-activator β-catenin is phosphorylated by an axin/GSK3β-dependent β-catenin destruction complex, resulting in ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation."
33587034
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"In Wnt carcinogenesis, the cytoplasmic ' beta-catenin destroying complex ' fails to phosphorylate beta-catenin, thus, the complex does not mark it for ubiquitination."
26239915
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"In the absence of Wnt ligands, a complex between Axin, adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumor suppressor protein, casein kinase (CK) 2, glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) 3β, and β-catenin causes the phosphorylation of β-catenin by GSK3β and targets it for subsequent degradation by the proteasome xref , xref ( xref )."
28408959
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"Dephosphorylated axin may have a lower affinity for beta-catenin, preventing beta-catenin degradation and hence increasing signaling by beta-catenin."
10712915
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"In the OFF state, or in the absence of extracellular Wnt ligands, cytoplasmic beta-catenin is sequentially phosphorylated by the beta-catenin destruction complex (DC) composed of casein kinase 1a (CK1), glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3), the scaffold protein axin, and the tumor suppressor adenomatous polyposis coli (APC)."
27226375
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"In the absence of WNTs, a complex between Axin, APC, GSK-3β, and β-catenin causes the phosphorylation of β-catenin by GSK-3β and targets it for degradation ( xref )."
14734535
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"The knockdown of p66Shc inhibited both beta-catenin dephosphorylation that is stimulated by Wnt3a as well as beta-catenin dependent transcription."
25890053
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"Treatment with the extract decreased the phosphorylation of β-catenin and increased expression of total β-catenin in human DPC cells."
32664659
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"Phosphorylation of beta-catenin by active GSK3beta targets beta-catenin for ubiquitin mediated proteasomal degradation and maintains a low level of cytoplasmic beta-catenin."
18606491
sparser
"Without WNT ligand stimulation, the β-catenin destruction complex (made up of axin, APC, CK1α, and GSK-3β) phosphorylates β-catenin, causing its proteasomal degradation."
29207896
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"In canonical pathway, Wnt3A has been known to stabilize beta-catenin through the dissociation between beta-catenin and glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta) that suppresses the phosphorylation and degradation of beta-catenin."
27575935