IndraLab

"DSCAM is a member of the cell adhesion molecule (Ig-CAM) immunoglobulin superfamily and is involved in the development of the human central and peripheral nervous system."

"They relate with ECM components through syndecan and integrins molecules and with neighbouring cells through members of the selectin, Ig-CAM families and cadherin, which coordinate signalling and structural functions."

"For example, dysregulation of Phgdh , Eno1 and Gapdh , three functionally linked glycolytic enzymes in module M3 suggests that lower levels of Blimp-1 are impacting on metabolic fitness and the acquisition of Ig-CAM adhesion molecules in M13 such as Icam1 , Bcam and Epcam argues for altered adhesive properties."

"Interactions between the Ig-domains of C-CAM may be the structural basis for the specific homophilic binding."

"On the other hand, eight members are membrane-anchored MMPs, including 4 MMPs with type I transmembrane domain (MMP-14, MMP-15, MMP-16, and MMP-24), two glycosylphosphatidylinositols (GPI)-anchored (M[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

"Cells at the migratory pole of tumor masses upregulate genes associated with migration and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT); vimentin ( VIM ), N-cadherin ( CDH2 ), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ( ERbB2 ) and downregulate genes associated with cellular adhesion (E-cadherin, Ig-CAM, selectins), in contrast to other cells in the mass which rather may be primed for proliferation and maintenance of the mass. xref , xref Another example reflects the selective pressure of hypoxia, wherein cells in the center of a larger tumor mass undergo programmed necrosis that together facilitate the upregulation of genes associated with angiogenesis; vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF) , angiopoietin-1 ( Ang-1 ), and angiopoietin-2 ( Ang-2 ). xref Within this changing environment, it cannot be forgotten that tumor cells are also undergoing immunoediting, with a changing profile that permits the induction of immune tolerance. xref , xref Moreover, while the immunogenicity of hormone-dependent breast cancers, may be regarded as low in comparison to the triple-negative breast cancers, xref that tumors are able to subvert immune cells to use secreted factors for tumor progression is of interest. xref Tumors can recruit a multitude of immune cells including myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), which retain the capacity to differentiate into macrophages, granulocytes, and dendritic cells for example. xref Secreted factors from MDSCs including interleukin (IL)-6, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), and matrix metalloproteinase 9 are implicated in promoting tumor cell growth, invasion, and angiogenesis. xref , xref MDSCs also induce immune suppression by facilitating tolerance in cytotoxic T cells via nitration or nitrosylation of the T cell receptor or secreted nitric oxide, which prevents the natural killer (NK) cell-FcR mediated activity. xref , xref Cytotoxic function by T cells and NK cells are also controlled by T regulatory cells, which can be subverted by tumor cells to elicit pro-tumor responses. xref Tumor cells also use additional strategies to ensure evasion from cells of the innate and adaptive immune system; for example, downregulation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, blockade of activating receptors or shedding of NK activating receptor ligands, inducing T cell anergy, and promoting macrophage differentiation into a pro-tumorigenic M2 phenotype. xref , xref , xref "

"MMP-23 is an MMP that contains N-terminal transmembrane domain type II for anchoring the protein to the cell surface and C-terminal immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecule (Ig-CAM) domain ( xref ) to mediate protein–protein and protein–lipid interactions."

"In this study, we revealed that IgSF11, a member of the Ig-CAM family, engages in homophilic interactions and leads to increased osteoclast differentiation through association with PSD-95."

"The Ihog family proteins are type I single-span transmembrane proteins with immunoglobulin (Ig) and fibronectin type III (FNIII) domains, resembling typical cell adhesion molecules in the Ig-CAM (Ig cell adhesion molecule) superfamily."

"Other members of the Ig-CAM family, such as the netrin receptor DCC, the Slit receptor Robo, and neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM), have dual roles."

"One member, Gpr125, resembles immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules (Ig-CAM) and has leucine-rich repeats (LRR) that are found in the axonal guidance factor, Slit1, and the hair follicle progenitor marker, LRIG xref , xref ."

"Like Ihog, other members of the Ig-CAM family, such as the netrin receptor DCC, the Slit receptor Robo, and neural cell adhesion molecule N-CAM, also have dual roles in adhesion and signaling ( xref ; xref )."

"For example, activity of the core AJ components E-cadherin (E-cad) and α-catenin (α-cat) has been linked to activation of the core Hippo kinase LATS1/2 and inhibition of YAP ( xref ; xref ; xref ), and in Drosophila the Ig-CAM protein Echinoid that localizes to AJs can promote Salvador/Hpo activity to inhibit Yki ( xref )."

"The general structure of Ig-CAM consists of Ig-like domains and fibronectin-type III (FNIII) repeats in their extracellular region, a transmembrane domain and a cytoplasmic tail; some Ig-CAMs are anch[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

"Interactions Between Cindr and Ig-CAM Proteins."

"As an auxiliary subunit of Na V channels belonging to the Ig‐CAM family, Na V β3 is expected to be inserted into the plasma membrane [ xref ]."

"In the nervous system tenascin-C and tenascin-R have been shown to interact with neuronal membrane proteins such as the Ig-CAM F3/F11/contactin ( Zacharias, Norenberg, & Rathjen, 1999 ) and the beta2 [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

"They contain a furin-like cleavable domain and transmembrane domains, i.e., C-terminal TM-1 and cytoplasmic tail. (f) Membrane-type MMPs, including MMP-17 and MMP-25, resemble archetypal MMPs and contain a C-terminal glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) membrane anchor. (g) Other MMPs (MMP-23A and MMP-23B) also resemble archetypal MMPs, lack a hemopexin domain and contain N-terminal TM-II and cytoplasmic C-terminal immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecule (Ig-CAM) domains [ xref , xref ]."

"The best-characterized Ig-CAM in ovarian cancer is L1 (CD171), a glycosylated protein of 200–220 kDa, which is the prototypic member of the L1 family of cell adhesion molecules (L1-CAMs)."

"Previous studies have demonstrated that TMIGD1, an Ig-CAM, can bind to different ligands through a foreign fragment to form a linking structure and consequently stabilize the cell membrane structure [[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

"Among the RTKs that have been investigated as partners of Ig-CAM signaling, the best characterized is fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)."

"The Ig-containing and proline-rich receptor-1(IGPR-1) is a newly identified Ig-CAM that is uniquely expressed in human and other higher mammalians, but not in rodents [ xref ]."

"The next molecules involved in axonogenesis are cadherins and immunoglobulin-like cell-adhesion molecules (Ig-CAM) ( xref , xref )."

"Additional studies on the intracellular events controlled by L1 have also unexpectedly implicated this Ig-CAM in a more direct regulation of gene expression ( Fig. 1 )."

"The impaired functioning of the Ig-CAM superfamily proceeds an abnormal pattern of cell invasion and detachment of ECs to ECM and monocytes ( Bulska-Bedkowska et al., 2022 )."

"Among the members of the Ig-CAM superfamily , the expression of ICAM-1 on many tumor cell types has been correlated to the pattern of spread and potential for metastasis."

"In fact, N-CAM belongs to the key members of immunoglobulin-like CAM (Ig-CAM) family involved in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix adhesion processes in innate immunity."

"An intron-retaining isoform of carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 (Ceacam6) is localised to the interface between Sertoli and germ cells in rat testes, and contains three additi[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

"Endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule (ESAM) is a recently identified member of the Ig-CAM superfamily with an expression pattern restricted to vascular ECs."

"Besides providing new insights into EOC biology, the dissection of Ig-CAM signaling could have relevant implications in the identification of novel targets, possibly paving the way for innovative ther[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

"The Ig-CAM CD146 (also known as MUC18, Mel-CAM, or MCAM) was initially identified as a progression marker of melanoma, and shown to play an important role in melanoma progression and metastasis [106] [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

"Transmembrane protein P0 is an immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecule (Ig-CAM) and mediates the adhesion of the extracellular myelin surfaces. xref , xref , xref Periaxin is the second most abundant protein in PNS myelin and is a scaffolding protein. xref , xref , xref Periaxin is expressed before P0, MBP, or MAG and is suggested to play an important role during ensheathment and myelination in the PNS. xref In the CNS and PNS, MBP accounts for 8% of the myelin proteins and mediates the intracellular adhesion of cytoplasmic surfaces between individual layers of compact myelin. xref , xref , xref MBP is a highly heterogeneous protein as a result of alternative splicing and posttranslational modifications such as N-terminal acylation, GTP- and ADP-ribose binding sites, deamidation, methylated arginine, methionine sulfoxide, phosphorylation, and deimination of arginyl residues. xref , xref In the CNS of shiverer mutant mice, which do not express MBP, major dense lines are missing."

"One group of lesions, accounting for 25% of all active lesions, was characterized by preferential loss of the periaxonal Ig-CAM MAG."

"The Ig-CAM NCAM has been reported to prevent the spreading of tumor cells by stabilizing the tumor vessel wall."

"In this study, we revealed that IgSF11, a member of the Ig-CAM family, increases osteoclast differentiation by inhibiting PKM2, a key regulator of glycolysis and cell metabolism, by promoting phosphorylation at Y 105 ."

"The nodal gap is highly enriched in voltage-gated sodium and KCNQ channels and the Ig-CAM Neurofascin-186."

"As a member of the immunoglobulin-like adhesion molecule (Ig-CAM) superfamily, CD146 can mediate contraction between neighboring cells or between cells and extracellular matrix."

"Other observations showed that αvβ3 integrin expressed on melanoma cells could bind to the Ig-CAM L1 on the surface of microvascular ECs and thus mediate the extravasation of tumor cells [146] ."

"Very little information is available on members of the selectin or Ig-CAM families as potential therapeutic targets."

"These families include the cadherins, the selectins, the integrins, and the immunoglobulin CAM (Ig-CAM) superfamily."

"In particular, the immunoglobulin-like cell-adhesion molecule (Ig-CAM), which is overexpressed on the surface of tumor cells, supports homologous adhesion through homologous interactions with each of the other proteins (e.g., calmodulin, integrins) on the surface of adjacent cells [ xref , xref , xref ]."

"This triggers the activation of integrins from the cancer cells allowing their firmer adhesion to members of the Ig‐CAM family such as ICAM and VCAM‐1, initiating the transendothelial migration and therefore the extravasation process. xref VCAM‐1 is therefore thought to play a key role in the process of malignant progression and its presence studied in terms of impact on cell migration. xref "

"One of the most important contexts for Ig-CAM function is the developing nervous system, where many different members of this superfamily, such as the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and L1, are [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

"By mass spectrometric quantification, the predominant Ig-CAM myelin protein zero (MPZ/P0), myelin basic protein (MBP), and the short-chain dehydrogenase 36K constitute 12%, 8%, and 6% of the total myelin protein, respectively."

"In addition, recent work in the spinal cord found that an Ig CAM complex of NB2 and Caspr4 on sensory neurons interacts with the L1 Ig family members NrCAM and CHL1 on GABApre interneurons to control synapse formation specifically at the axonal termini of sensory afferents ( xref )."

"Indeed, the major bands of fish myelin were constituted by one or several splice isoforms of MBP, one or two variants of the Ig-CAM myelin protein zero (MPZ, previously termed intermediate proteins IP1 and IP2) and a protein migrating at the molecular weight of 36 kDa (termed 36K)."

"Considering that quantification of the most abundant myelin proteins requires a high dynamic range ( xref ; xref ), we calculated the relative abundance of the 562 proteins identified in zebrafish myelin by MS E . According to this dataset, the most abundant zebrafish myelin proteins are myelin basic protein (MBPa), the Ig-CAM myelin protein zero (MPZa), the short-chain dehydrogenase 36K (also termed DHRS12), MPZb, and the complement inhibitor CD59, which respectively, constitute 7.6%, 7.3%, 6.3%, 4.7%, and 4.6% of the total myelin protein ( xref )."

"The ultrastructure of CNS myelin requires specialized structural myelin proteins, including the transmembrane-tetraspan proteolipid protein (PLP) and the Ig-CAM myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG)."

"Indeed, αvβ3-mediated migration of ECs appears to involve the interaction with the Ig-CAM L1 ( Fig. 3 )."

"Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule (DSCAM), a member of the immunoglobulin cell adhesion molecule (Ig-CAM) superfamily, is involved in developing the central and peripheral nervous system by influencing cell adhesion mechanisms necessary for synaptic activity and plasticity."

"Na V channels are composed of two subunits, an α‐subunit that forms a Na + selective pore and an auxiliary β‐subunit, belonging to the immunoglobulin cellular adhesion molecule Ig‐CAM family, as chaperone and gating regulator [ xref ]."

"The adhesion of endometrium fragments to the peritoneum in women with endometriosis is enhanced by the overproduction of cellular adhesion molecules that facilitate intercellular binding and cellular attachments with the extracellular matrix; including CD44 transmembrane glycoprotein, cell adhesion molecules (CAM) such as integrins, cadherins, selectins, the immunoglobulin superfamily (Ig-CAM), and transmembrane-anchored proteoglycans like syndecans [ xref , xref ]."

"In contrast, recent structural analysis suggests that PECAM-1 is not a member of the Ig-CAM superfamily, but a member of the family of immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (Newton-Nash and [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

"Using RNAi to inactivate many genes, which one could suspect to be involved in the sorting because of their importance in other systems, did not affect cell movements (e.g., cadherin, integrin, lamini[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

"Other proteins belonging to the Ig‐CAM family, including Na V β3, such as VE‐Cadherin or PECAM1 (platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule), have also been shown to be involved in EC alignment under flow [ xref , xref ]."

"Members of the Ig-CAM family function in a wide variety of cell types and are involved in many different biological processes."

"The immunoglobulin-like cell-adhesion molecules (Ig-CAM) of the transmembrane cell adhesion receptor family are found throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems, and also in some epithelial[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"