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"Analogously, in our study, both CQ and HCQ interfered with phosphorylation of ERK1/2, and expression of inflammatory proteins iNOS, COX-2, and NO release without remarkable reduction of nuclear transl[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"Hydroxychloroquine (10 microM) treatment induced the phosphorylation of ERK, SAPK and JNK and p38."

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"This protection in vitro was mediated through enhancement of ERK1/2 phosphorylation mediated by HCQ in a dose dependent fashion."

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"Given that LC3-II enhancement is linked to increases in phosphorylation of the pro survival kinase ERK1/2 [XREF_BIBR] and HCQ causes an accumulation of intracellular autophagosomes our study aimed to explore whether HCQ could enhance ERK1/2 phosphorylation, consequently leading to protection of the heart during I/R injury as a pharmacological pre-conditioner."

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"HCQ enhances phosphorylation of the pro survival kinase ERK1/2 in vitro."

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"This enhancement of ERK1/2 phosphorylation by HCQ was also shown to be dose dependent (XREF_FIG)."

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"Then, we demonstrated that chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine exert dose dependent inhibitory effects on CXCL12 mediated ERK phosphorylation in PANC-1 and AsPC-1 cells (XREF_FIG)."