IndraLab

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SMAD2 activates SMAD4. 21 / 23
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sparser
"For instance, phosphorylated Smad-2 can activate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway independently of Smad-4 through p300 [ xref ]."

reach
"Since Smad2 must activate Smad4 to regulate the Smad downstream pathway, as expected, the deletion of Smad2 in LCs also displayed the interruption of long-term LC repopulation and the lower expression of EpCAM and CD24 on the long-term LCs, while short-term LCs were unaffected."

reach
"We have demonstrated that PR-619 suppressed UUO induced upregulation of Smad4 but not TGF-beta receptors, Smad2, or Smad3."

sparser
"Since Smad2 must activate Smad4 to regulate the Smad downstream pathway, as expected, the deletion of Smad2 in LCs also displayed the interruption of long-term LC repopulation and the lower expression of EpCAM and CD24 on the long-term LCs, while short-term LCs were unaffected."

"the receptor-regulated Smad, such as Smad2, forms a heterocomplex with the co-mediator Smad, Smad4"

reach
"Overexpression of Smad2 increases endogenous Smad4 and TGF-beta 1 expression while heterozygous loss of Smad2 reduces their expression levels, suggesting a concerted action of Smad2 and -4 in regulating TGF-beta signaling during skin development."

reach
"The activation of TGF-β receptors potentiates the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3, which leads to the formation of hetero-oligomeric complexes with Smad4."

reach
"This causes phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3, two transcription factors that then bind to and activate SMAD4."

reach
"Smad activation independent of TGFb signalling In endothelial cells, a MAPKKK, MEKK1, was shown to stimulate phosphorylation of Smad2, and moreover, increased interaction of Smad2 with Smad4.72 The Sm[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

reach
"Overexpression of Smad3 and Smad4, but not Smad2, induced rat and murine FSHbeta gene expression [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]; however, Smad2 overexpression was shown to be low in LbetaT2 cells [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."

eidos
"Since Smad2 must activate Smad4 to regulate the Smad downstream pathway , as expected , the deletion of Smad2 in LCs also displayed the interruption of long-term LC repopulation and the lower expression of EpCAM and CD24 on the long-term LCs , while short-term LCs were unaffected ."

reach
"Ligand binding and recruitment of TβRI activates its kinase that phosphorylates the carboxy-terminal serine residue of SMAD2 (SMAD Family Member 2) or SMAD3 (SMAD Family Member 3), which induces oligomerization of SMAD2 or SMAD3 with SMAD4 (SMAD Family Member 4), resulting in nuclear translocation for transcriptional activation or repression of target genes."

reach
"Along with the positive correlation between pAMPK and nuclear pSMAD2/SMAD4 in IHC, the Western blot result puts forward the idea that pAMPK overexpression phosphorylates SMAD2 and subsequently activates pSMAD2/SMAD4 in ccRCC."

reach
"Through analyzing the publicly available algorithms, including TargetScan, miRWalk, and miRanda, we found that several components of TGF-beta signaling, including SMAD2, SMAD4, and TGFBRI, may be potential targets of miR-582-3p, and SMAD2, SMAD4, TGFBRI, and TGFBRII for miR-582-5p (XREF_SUPPLEMENTARY A-S4C)."

reach
"That overexpression of Smad3 and Smad4, but not Smad2, decreased Galectin-3 promoter activity, while Smad3 silencing inhibited the promoter activity clearly indicated that the Galecin-3 promoter activity was responsive to Smad3."

reach
"Both TGF-beta1 and activin A, but not BMP-7, increased the phosphorylation of Smad2, induced nuclear translocation of Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4, and inhibited thyrocyte cell growth as well as TSH stimulated cAMP response."

reach
"Activated TβRI kinase phosphorylates the carboxy-terminal serine residue of the mothers against DPP Homolog proteins SMAD2 or SMAD3, which induces oligomerization of SMAD2 or SMAD3 with SMAD4, and DNA binding of the complex to mediate transcriptional activation or repression of target genes."

reach
"Furthermore, KLF10 overexpression enhanced the TGFbeta induced Smad2 phosphorylation and increased the transcription of Smad2, but not Smad3 or Smad4 [XREF_BIBR]."

sparser
"We have previously demonstrated that phosphorylated Smad2 can activate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway independently of Smad4 [ xref ]."

reach
"Smad2 reversed, whereas Smad3 further enhanced, the inhibitory effect of Smad4 on Eomes-luc activity (XREF_FIG B)."

reach
"Our results revealed that knockdown of Smad2 could inhibit Smad4 and Foxp3."