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"As expected, pentamidine (10muM), a reference compound known to inhibit hERG trafficking, significantly inhibited the hERG tail current amplitude by 57%, a value in good agreement with the literature (Kuryshev et al., 2005)."

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"Further study of the functional effects and molecular mechanisms of 17-AAG is required, and analyses of the expression levels of each cardiac channel in human cardiomyocytes may also be warranted.In c[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"The drug pentamidine, at near therapeutic concentrations that do not cause direct KCNH2 channel block, disrupts normal KCNH2 channel protein processing and maturation to reduce its surface membrane expression."

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"It was found that pentamidine does not block cardiac ion channels but rather disrupts hERG processing and maturation, reducing surface expression and hERG current density, at therapeutic concentration[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"Subsequently, the antimicrobial agent pentamidine was also found to impair hERG function by acting as a trafficking inhibitor (Kuryshev et al., 2005; Cordes et al., 2005)."

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"Arsenic trioxide and pentamidine inhibit hERG protein trafficking rather than directly inhibiting the channel action ( Ficker et al., 2004; Cordes et al., 2005 )."

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"Pentamidine has been reported to block the transport of hERG channels to the cardiomyocyte plasma membrane ."

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"XREF_BIBR Pentamidine impedes hERG trafficking from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to cell membrane."

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"However, it was especially valuable for detecting delayed arrhythmic activity caused by long-term exposure-induced hERG trafficking inhibition by pentamidine, and non-QT related arrhythmia by the Na +[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"For example, the antiarrhythmic agents ketoconazole and fluoxetine have been shown to reduce hERG density by at least 50% following 48 hours of treatment, XREF_BIBR - XREF_BIBR whereas pentamidine and probucol reduce cell-surface hERG without affecting ion conduction."

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"Subsequent mechanistic studies determined that pentamidine inhibits the trafficking and maturation of hERG, with an IC close to therapeutic doses, upon 24 h incubation in hERG-expressing HEK293 cells (Kuryshev et al., 2005)."

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"Pentamidine) ( Kuryshev et al., 2005 ) inhibited hERG protein trafficking rather than directly inhibiting channel action."

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"Pentamidine and desipramine were reported to suppress hERG forward trafficking from the endoplasmic reticulum, and the aromatic amino F656 in S6 domain mediated the effects of pentamidine [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."

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"Pentamidine and desipramine were reported to suppress hERG forward trafficking to the cell surface, and the aromatic amino F656 mediated the effects of pentamidine [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."

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"Pentamidine was reported to reduce hERG current by interfering with its surface expression, rather than direct ion channel block ( Kuryshev et al., 2005 )."

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"In contrast, pentamidine had no direct effect on the hERG channel current but reduced trafficking of hERG channels."

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"As also observed in earlier studies, pentamidine treatment significantly decreased maturation (mature/immature ratio) of hERG."

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"XREF_BIBR Invitro experiments showed that despite being a poor direct blocker of I Kr at therapeutic concentrations, XREF_BIBR pentamidine inhibits hERG trafficking (XREF_FIG), causing action potential prolongation in both animal and human cells."

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"Molecular determinants of pentamidine induced hERG trafficking inhibition."

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"The results showed that both pentamidine and 17-AAG inhibited hERG trafficking in hERG-CHOs, whearas in the MEA assay using hES-CMs, torsadogenic pentamidine, but not non-torsadogenic 17-AAG, prolonge[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"We have recently shown that another torsadogenic drug, pentamidine, also inhibits hERG trafficking ( Kuryshev et al., 2005 )."

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"Recent studies have also demonstrated that pentamidine-induced hERG trafficking inhibition could be rescued in the presence of the pharmacological chaperone astemizole [30] ."

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"Pentamidine inhibited forward hERG protein maturation ( Fig. 2 A, B)."

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"Our results indicated that chronic exposure of pentamidine inhibited hERG tail current in a concentration-dependent manner (IC 50 : 3–10 μM), and no effect was observed up to 30 μM acutely in hERG-CHO[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"Pharmacological chaperones such as astemizole and dofetilide are known to abolish the interference of trafficking caused by pentamidine, suggesting that pentamidine may inhibit hERG channel maturation[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"In accordance with these findings, we observed that the level of protein expression of fully glycosylated, mature hERG channels was reduced by chronic pentamidine exposure in hERG-CHOs ( Fig. 2 B)."