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INS decreases the amount of IRS1. 39 / 51
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"When cells were exposed to both insulin and dexamethasone, the effect of insulin to reduce insulin receptor and IRS-1 levels and insulin stimulated IRS-1 phosphorylation dominated."

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"The results showed that 100nM insulin could induce SOCS3 mRNA expression but not protein expression, and overexpression of SOCS3 decreased IRS1 protein level, insulin stimulated IRS1 tyrosine phosphorylation, PI3K activation, and Akt phosphorylation, but increased IRS1 serine phosphorylation in porcine primary adipocytes."

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"Some of the studies suggest that insulin also down-regulates the expression of IRS-1 [6,14], however, it did not affect the IRS-1 expression in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and mouse embryo fibroblasts [35]."

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"These results suggest that miR-222 from the HFD-gWAT-exosomes suppresses insulin signaling pathway by suppressing IRS1 protein expression."

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"Moreover, the insulin signaling pathway was disordered in the livers (see XREF_SUPPLEMENTARY), characterized by increased IRS-1 (serine 307) and JNK phosphorylation, reduced IRS-1 expression and AKT and GSK3beta phosphorylation."

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"The present data revealed that insulin + GJG treatment inhibits the increased IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation levels (XREF_FIG); therefore, these improvements are thought to improve the abnormal activation of PI 3-kinase resulting in the correction of decreased efficiency of glucose metabolization."

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"The combined treatment of insulin and selenium may decrease blood glucose by upregulating IRS-1, PI3K and GLUT4 levels in skeletal muscles of diabetic rats."

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"On the other hand, PKCzeta or PKCiota and lambda overexpression attenuates the insulin induced phosphorylation of AKT, and decreases the protein level of IRS1, which suggests a diminished signaling cascade initiated from IRS1 upon insulin treatment (Figs."

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"TNF-α and IL-6 can also trigger IR by inhibiting certain insulin signalling pathways involved in suppressing insulin signal transduction by serine phosphorylation of IRS1 and activation of JAK-STAT signalling pathway, causing a decrease in GLUT4 and IRS1 expression."

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"Prolonged insulin stimulation reduced IRS-1 levels in WT but not in SIN1 -/- (XREF_FIG)."

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"Insulin resistance was induced by palmitic acid (PA) in human HK-2 cells, shown as the decrease of insulin stimulated AKT phosphorylation, glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4), glucose uptake and enhanced phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) at site serine 307 (pIRS-1ser307) and downregulated expression of IRS-1."

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"XREF_BIBR, early insulin therapy reduced c-Jun N-terminal kinase and IRS-1 expression; it also improved ER stress and steatosis in the rat liver."

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"Insulin (I p M) treatment decreased the amount of IRS-1 in the cells - 60% in 4 h. BAPTA-AM (200 u M) totally abolished the insulin induced downregulation of IRS-1."

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"AME supplementation reduced levels of FBG, HbA1c, HOMA-IR and hepatic lipid profiles as well as enhanced insulin signaling by increased the protein levels of IRS-1 accompanied GLUT2 in diabetic mice."

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"Insulin stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor beta-subunit and insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) in intact skeletal muscle of SHROB was reduced by 36 and 23%, respectively, compared with SHR, due primarily to 32 and 60% decreases in insulin receptor and IRS-1 protein expression, respectively."

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"As shown in XREF_FIG, the insulin signaling was rapidly activated by physiological concentration of insulin (10 -7 mol/l) in untreated cells, evidenced by increased levels of p-IRbeta (Tyr1361), p-IRS-1 (Tyr896) and p-Akt, and decreased level of p-IRS-1 (Ser307)."

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"Adenoviral knockdown of miR-27a in HF+ miR-27a (-) mice increased insulin stimulated p-IRS-1 and p-Akt protein expressions compared to HF+ EV mice."

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"Overexpression of miR-7 downregulated the expression of insulin receptor substrate 1 as well as inhibited insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation and glucose uptake."

"Research has focused on insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 as a locus for insulin resistance. Tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 initiates insulin signaling, whereas serine/threonine phosphorylation alters the ability of IRS-1 to transduce the insulin signal. Insulin increased the phosphorylation of Ser312, Ser616, Ser636, Ser892, Ser1101, and Ser1223"

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"While Irs2 expression is suppressed by insulin at the transcriptional level, Irs1 expression remains intact and is not downregulated by insulin XREF_BIBR XREF_BIBR XREF_BIBR."

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"Interestingly, insulin exposure significantly reduced IRS-1 protein levels in 0.25 mM OA, but not in control or 1.0 mM OA, treated cells."

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"Interleukin-1beta-induced insulin resistance in adipocytes through down-regulation of insulin receptor substrate-1 expression."

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"In contrast, whereas in group E2 insulin resistance throughout the hormonal treatment was related to diminished expression and phosphorylation of IRS-1, in group E the decrease in insulin sensitivity between days 11 and 16 of treatment was not related to a decrease in IRS-1 expression."

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"For example, TF exposure can attenuate insulin signal transduction via especially down-regulating insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) levels, while, simultaneously, it can imitate the binding of corticosterone to the GR and enhance insulin induced lipogenesis."

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"Insulin (1 u M) treatment decreased the amount of IRS-1 in these transiently permeabilized cells - 50% in 4 h."

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"Pioglitazone prevents THF-alpha-induced insulin resistance by restoring TNF-alpha-reduced insulin stimulated 2-deoxyglucose uptake, tyrosine phosphorylation, and protein levels of insulin receptor and IRS-1."

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"PTH (10 nM, 24 h) treatment induced a reduction in insulin stimulated glucose uptake, AKT activity (phosphorylated AKT and total AKT protein expression) and a decrease in GLUT4 and IRS-1 protein expression compared to vehicle treated controls in differentiated adipocytes."

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"The hyperactivation of mTORC1 by nutrient excess (amino acids, lipids, obesity) has been implicated in decreased insulin signal transduction at the level of IRS1."

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"Thus, both insulin and dexamethasone down-regulate IRS-1 expression at the posttranscriptional level; with insulin this is probably due to an effect on protein half-life, whereas with dexamethasone the effect is due to a change in the half-life of IRS-1 mRNA."

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"IL1beta down-regulates insulin receptor substrate 1 expression, inhibiting insulin induced AKT phosphorylation and glucose uptake in adipocytes [59]."

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"The reduced IRS-1 protein levels could have been mediated by insulin and IGF -1 resistance, since insulin and IGF-1 regulate IRS gene expression [XREF_BIBR - XREF_BIBR]."

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"Insulin (1 p M) treatment decreased the amount of IRS-1 in cells ti 600 in 4 h."

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"Defects in virtually all of the mentioned signalling parameters have been demonstrated in subjects with overt T2D, but the results are very diverging and many studies could not demonstrate these defec[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"Insulin decreased mRNA expression of IRS-1 by 72% (from 0.75 +/- 0.06 to 0.21 +/- 0.04 relative units; P < 0.001), IRS-2 by 71% (from 0.55 +/- 0.10 to 0.16 +/- 0.08 relative units; P < 0.03), and Shc by 25% (from 0.95 +/- 0.04 to 0.71 +/- 0.04 relative units; P < 0.01) vs. baseline as demonstrated in the control subjects."

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"Both miR-143 and miR-145 have been recently reported to further interfere with insulin signaling by reducing IRS1 levels in mouse aortic smooth muscle cells [33]."
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"Finally, GPE prevented TNFalpha induced expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP)-1B and phosphorylation of serine residue 307 of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), which are negative regulators of insulin sensitivity, and suppression of insulin stimulated glucose uptake."

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"IL1beta down-regulates insulin receptor substrate 1 expression, inhibiting insulin induced AKT phosphorylation and glucose uptake in adipocytes [XREF_BIBR]."

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"Here we report that insulin suppressed the expression of both IRS-1 and IRS-2 proteins in Fao hepatoma cells."

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"Resistin also diminished insulin stimulated IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation levels without affecting its protein content."