IndraLab

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Hydroxychloroquine inhibits TNF. 48 / 48
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"The patient was started on hydroxychloroquine , which suppresses interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha , which can lead to control of the cytokine storm [ 9 ] ."
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"QC significantly reduced TNF-alpha secretion from the dsRNA - ( P < 0.01 ) , imiquimod - ( P < 0.01 ) , and ssRNA - ( P < 0.001 ) stimulated PBMCs of CLE patients , whereas HCQ was not able to inhibit TNF-alpha production ( Figure 3a , 3d , and 3g ) ."
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"Thus, HCQ blocked TNF-α and IFN-α production by pDCs, whereas I92 reduced TNF-α production in both pDCs and NK cells, as well as the IFN-α production by pDCs."
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"HCQ interferes with the TLR7 and TLR9 signaling pathways, reducing the production of IFNalpha, IL-6, and TNF-alpha [XREF_BIBR]."
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"Furthermore, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine have well-known immunomodulatory effects, suppressing the production/release of TNF-α and IL-6, thus modulating the host hyperimmune response."
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"3 Hydroxychloroquine may also suppress proinflammatory cytokines (Tumor Necrosis Factor [TNF]-alpha and IL-6) associated with coronavirus-induced ARDS."
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"In addition, hydroxychloroquine has been demonstrated to exhibit anti-inflammatory activity and can significantly decrease the IL-1, IL-6, TNF-alpha and TNF production through Toll like receptor and NF-kappaB signalling (99, 100)."
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"We also detected the cytokine production in the supernatants of purified DCs stimulated with RA patient serum with or without HCQ, and we found that HCQ inhibited the secretion of IFN-alpha, but not TNF-alpha and IL-1beta (XREF_FIG D)."
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"HCQ was found to relieve TNF-α–induced inflammatory dysfunction of RVECs and lessened the interaction between RVECs and T cells, further inhibiting T cell functions.LOX-1 is a membrane protein widely expressed on vascular endothelial cells."
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"In cultured plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) and natural killer (NK) cells from healthy donors, HCQ blocked TNF-alpha and IL-6 production in pDCs but not in NK cells after stimulation by RNA containing immune complexes."
| PMC
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"Ligation of TLR7/8 resulted in increased histone methylation as measured by increased H3K4me2, a requirement for binding of NF-kappaB at certain promoters, specifically the kB1 region in the TNF promoter (ChIP-qPCR), which was significantly decreased by HCQ."
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"It is well-known that increased TNF levels associate with disease exacerbations in SLE and in vitro data support that hydroxychloroquine decreases TNF-signalling by targeting the endosomal NADPH oxidase (34, 35)."
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"HCQ and CQ inhibit major histocompatability complex (MHC) class II expression; production of IL-1, IFNalpha and TNF and interfere with cyclic GMP-AMP synthase activity partly by accumulating in lysosomes and autophagosomes of phagocytic cells and changing local pH concentrations [XREF_BIBR]."
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"Chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) reduce IL-1, IL-6, IFN-alpha and TNFalpha by inhibiting major histocompatibility complex (MHC II), antigen presentation and immune activation."
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"It is reported that hydroxychloroquine may reduce TNF, interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 production though the consistency and mechanisms of this effect are uncertain."
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"HCQ interferes with antigen processing and presentation 14, decreases production of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-alpha XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR, and decreases proliferation and cytotoxicity resulting from allorecognition."
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"These antiviral effects Proposed mechanisms for chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine Inhibition of nanoparticle uptake TNF alpha IFN gamma combined with immunomodulatory properties are promising, and thus over the last 3 months, multiple studies have been launched to leverage these benefits in the clinical setting.A majority of the putative antiviral effects of chloroquine/HCQ molecules on the SARS-CoV-2 are the result of the indirect inferences drawn from the data available on SARS-CoV-1 or from an alternate viral model, that is, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), HIV, and so forth."
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"In addition , hydroxychloroquine has been demonstrated to exhibit anti-inflammatory activity and can significantly decrease the IL-1 , IL-6 , TNF-alpha and TNF production through Toll-like receptor / NF-kappaB signalling ( 99,100 ) ."
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"Considering their pivotal immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory potentials, CQ and HCQ are known to inhibit TLRs (TLR-3,7, 8 and 9); Interferons (IFN-alpha, IFN-gamma); T-cells (Th1, 2 and 17); TNF-alpha and interleukins (IL-1, 2, 6, 17, 22,) and act as a facilitator for IL-10."
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"In peripheral blood mononuclear cells, HCQ could inhibit phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma production, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced TNF-alpha and IL-6 production, but failed to affect PHA induced IL-6 production [29]."
| PMC
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"Consistent with its immunomodulator property, hydroxychloroquine also reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines, notably TNFα and IL6, thereby decreasing insulin resistance."
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"Studies have demonstrated that CQ and HCQ inhibited the production of IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma and/or TNF-alpha (XREF_TABLE) [XREF_BIBR]."
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"Like chloroquine, its derivative, hydroxychloroquine, protects mice against lethal endotoxemia (XREF_FIG) and inhibits release of TNF-alpha (XREF_FIG) and HMGB1 (XREF_FIG)."
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"Studies have demonstrated that CQ and HCQ inhibited the production of IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma and / or TNF-alpha ( Table 1 ) [ 50 ] ."
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"Importantly , both SARS-CoV-2 [ 71 ] [ 72 ] and related coronaviruses , such as SARS-CoV-1 [ 73 ] and MERS-CoV [ 74 ] , may incur pulmonary damage through TNF - ( alpha ) [ 75 ] , which CQ and HCQ can down-regulate through p38 MAPK inhibition [ 76 ] ."
| DOI
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"TLR signaling pathways stimulate cytokine production, and CQ and HCQ have been found to inhibit the production of various cytokines, including IL-6, TNF, and IFN-γ, by mononuclear cells [17]."
| PMC
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"Differential suppression of NF-kappaB activation , TNF-alpha , and IL-6 by HCQ and QC could also affect antimalarial response in CLE patients ."
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"We have demonstrated that HCQ causes a dose dependent reduction of the cytotoxicity, proliferation, and TNF alpha production resulting from allorecognition in mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC)."
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"In vitro, HCQ also suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokine (IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and IL-12) secretion, promoted anti-inflammatory cytokine (TGF-beta 1 ) secretion."
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"Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine Chloroquine ( CQ ) and hydroxychloroquine ( HCQ ) reduce IL-1 , IL-6 , IFN-alpha and TNFalpha by inhibiting major histocompatibility complex ( MHC II ) , antigen presentation and immune activation ."
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"This dichotomous effect (inhibition of CD4 T-cell stimulation and promotion of CD8 T-cell stimulation), which still needs to be demonstrated with chronic antimalarial use, may explain in part the paucity of opportunistic infections during antimalarial therapy.In vitro studies have shown that both chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine decrease the production of TNF-α , IL-6, and IFN-γ by mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes (38)."
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"Hydroxychloroquine’s blockade of TNF-α has been associated with a reduction of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease-associated events among patients with autoimmune rheumatologic disease [22] (age adjusted rate ratio 0.46, 95% CI 0.25 – 0.85)."
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"Thus, HCQ therapy inhibits the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), IL-1, and IL-6 by mononuclear cells [24,27]."
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"Chloroquine ( CQ ) and hydroxychloroquine ( HCQ ) reduce IL-1 , IL-6 , IFN-alpha and TNFalpha by inhibiting major histocompatibility complex ( MHC II ) , antigen presentation and immune activation ."
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"The mechanism is not fully understood, but it is hypothesized that hydroxychloroquine decreases the production of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-a, which inhibits toll-like receptor (TLR) 3 and 7 and consequently lowers the likelihood of developing SLE-MAS (98) ."
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"In addition, hydroxychloroquine has been demonstrated to exhibit anti-inflammatory activity and can significantly decrease the IL-1, IL-6, TNF-alpha and TNF production through Toll like receptor and NF-kappaB signalling."
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"In high-fat diet-induced obese mice, HCQ decreased the hepatic levels of macrophage-specific genes [cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68) and arginase 1 (Arg1)] and pro-inflammatory genes (IL-1β, TNF-α and MCP-1)."
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"In vitro studies have shown that HCQ decreases the production of TNF-α, IL-6 and IFN-α by mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes [12]."
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"A recent study reported a reduced detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in upper respiratory tract specimens from patients treated with hydroxychloroquine.3 Hydroxychloroquine may also suppress proinflammatory cytokines (Tumor Necrosis Factor [TNF]-alpha and IL-6) associated with coronavirus-induced ARDS.4 Based on this information and limited anecdotal data, we treated our patient with hydroxychloroquine."
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"CQ and HCQ may inhibit the release of IL-6, IL-1B, and TNF-a and so cause a decrease in hepcidin and inhibit viral replication [32]."
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"Chloroquine ( CQ ) and hydroxychloroquine ( HCQ ) reduce IL-1 , IL-6 , IFN-alpha and TNFalpha by inhibiting major histocompatibility complex ( MHC II ) , antigen presentation and immune activation ."
33278517
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"Hydroxychloroquine also reduces pro inflammatory cytokines, notably TNF-alpha and IL-6, and decreases insulin resistance."
| PMC
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"This dichotomous effect (inhibition of CD4 T‐cell stimulation and promotion of CD8 T‐cell stimulation), which still needs to be demonstrated with chronic antimalarial use, may explain in part the paucity of opportunistic infections during antimalarial therapy.In vitro studies have shown that both chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine decrease the production of TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IFN‐γ by mitogen‐stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes (38)."
17970883
eidos
"Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine Chloroquine ( CQ ) and hydroxychloroquine ( HCQ ) reduce IL-1 , IL-6 , IFN-alpha and TNFalpha by inhibiting major histocompatibility complex ( MHC II ) , antigen presentation and immune activation ."
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"The expression of cytokine genes TNF, IFNA2, CXCL8, CCL3, and CCL4 was significantly suppressed by I92, compared with only TNF and IFNA2 being suppressed by HCQ (Additional file 12)."
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"We also detected the cytokine production in the supernatants of purified DCs stimulated with RA patient serum with or without HCQ, and we found that HCQ inhibited the secretion of IFN-alpha, but not TNF-alpha and IL-1beta."
33049581
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"Hydroxychloroquine also has immunomodulatory effects, and has been reported to decrease IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-17, IL-22, IFN-alpha, and tumor necrosis factor [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."
| PMC
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"The mechanism is not fully understood, but it is hypothesized that hydroxychloroquine decreases the production of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α, which inhibits toll-like receptor (TLR) 3 and 7 and consequently lowers the likelihood of developing SLE-MAS (98)."
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