IndraLab

Statements

MAP2K1 phosphorylates MAPK1. 140 / 180
5 2 | 80 60 31
sparser
"Activated MEK1 can phosphorylate ERK1 and ERK2."
23970928
reach
"MEK1 (MAPKK1) phosphorylates and activates ERK1 and ERK2 [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."
24078813
reach
"Note that MEK1 fully phosphorylated MAPK and Erk2 by 2 h. PKG and MAPK placed approximately one molecule phosphate onto each molecule of preferred substrate, CK II was somewhat less efficient, incorpo[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
12576052
sparser
"Expression of wild-type LC-PTP in 293T cells suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK2 by a mutant MEK1, which was constitutively active regardless of upstream activation signals."
10415025
sparser
"The Km value for the phosphorylation of mammalian Erk2 by Mek-1 has been measured to be about 300 nM (N. Ahn, pers. commun.) and yeast Ste7p forms complexes with Ksslp or Fus3p with a dissociation c[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
9009826
reach
"We examined the importance of this binding site in the feedback phosphorylation of MEK1 on Thr (292) and Thr (386) by ERK2, the phosphorylation and activation of ERK2 by MEK1, and the interaction of MEK1 with ERK2 and Raf-1."
10567369
reach
"We speculate that the integrating function of NIK may be also contributable, because NIK and NIK(KA) have a similar ability to enhance the interaction between MEK1 and ERK2, which may promote spatial proximity of MEK1 to ERK2 and thus facilitate the phosphorylation of ERK2 by MEK1."
32206109
sparser
"Although U0126 and PD98059 have been shown to block MEK1 phosphorylation and activation of ERK1 and ERK2 both and i, there is confusion in the literature regarding the capacity of these inhibitors to[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
11804650
sparser
"Activated MEK1 in turn phosphorylates and activates p42 MAPK, which is essential for normal mitotic progression xref , xref ."
31544194
sparser
"MEK1 and MEK2 phosphorylate and activate ERK1 and ERK2, which then phosphorylate a number of cellular substrates involved in cellular proliferation and suppression of apoptosis [18] ."
28946014
reach
"Activated Raf phosphorylates and activates MEK1 and MEK2 (MAPK kinase 1 and 2) which can phosphorylate and activate ERK1 and ERK2 (extracellular signal regulated kinases 1 and 2)."
27389825
sparser
"The extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) group of MAP kinases includes two isoforms of ERK, ERK1, and ERK2, which are phosphorylated by the dedicated MAP kinase kinases, MEK1, and MEK2."
16542655
reach
"MEK1 clearly phosphorylates MAPK and Erk2 from both treated and untreated cell extracts, as shown in Fig. 3."
12576052
reach
"Since the level of phosphorylation of MAPK and Erk2 by exogenous MEK1 in extracts from V 2 O 5 -treated cells is 75% that in extracts from sham treated cells, 75% of phosphorylation sites are still av[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
12576052
sparser
"Activated MEK1 in turn phosphorylates and activates Erk2, which itself phosphorylates MBP protein."
16356459
sparser
"In the second model arrestin can act as a true scaffold, bringing both MEK1 and ERK2 into close proximity to each other, thereby facilitating the phosphorylation of ERK2 by MEK1."
22174878
reach
"MAPK1 (also known as Erk2) and MAPK3 (also known as Erk1) are phosphorylated and activated by the dual-specificity protein kinase MAP2K1 (also known as MEK1)."
27959964
reach
"Both MEK1 and MEK2 can phosphorylate and activate the kinases ERK1 and ERK2."
38847227
reach
"The western blot data demonstrated the MEK1 (R4F)-mediated phosphorylation of ERK2 in the COM group."
35901235
sparser
"MEK1 and MEK2 phosphorylate ERK1 and ERK2, which activate PI3K and c-Myc to alter cancer metabolism ( xref ; xref )."
25898275
reach
"The dual specificity kinases MEK1 and MEK2 are activated by RAF and mediate phosphorylation of ERK1 and ERK2."
23453810
reach
"The pathway of Erk1/2 activation occurs by MEK1 and MEK2 phosphorylation of Erk1 and Erk2."
18060869
reach
"To this end, ERK2 purified from bacteria was phosphorylated in vitro by purified, activated MEK1 DeltaN EE in the presence of increasing concentrations of the compound."
26267534
sparser
"When the purified components are incubated together, cRaf-1 phosphorylates and activates MEK1, MEK1 phosphorylates and activates ERK2, and ERK2 phosphorylates the peptide, biotin-AAATGPLSPGPFA."
10075822
reach
"MAP2K1 encodes the MEK1 protein, which phosphorylates extracellular signaling kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1 and ERK2)."
35189151
reach
"The MEK1 kinase directly phosphorylates ERK2, after the activation loop of MEK1 is itself phosphorylated by Raf."
29018093
sparser
"We here show that the MEK1-dependent phosphorylation of ERK2 is involved in NTHi-induced CXCL2 up-regulation in the SLFs."
22379036
reach
"For example, MEK-1 and MEK-2 are dual-specificity kinases that phosphorylate both ERK substrates (ERK1 and ERK2) with high selectivity [27]."
36290429
reach
"Briefly, CaD (0.1 mg/ml) was phosphorylated by active ERK (32.6 mug/ml; MAP kinase 2, active, phosphorylated by MEK1; Millipore Billerica, MA) in a buffer containing 25mM Tris, 10 mM magnesium acetate, 0.1 mM EGTA, 1mM DTT, pH 7.5, followed by a 60 min incubation at 30degreesC."
25108062
sparser
"On activation, Raf mediates phosphorylation of MEK1 and MEK2, which in turn phosphorylate ERK1 and ERK2, correspondingly [ xref , xref ]."
35202001
reach
"Mek1 and Mek2 mediate the phosphorylation of Erk1 and Erk2, which also form dimers XREF_BIBR."
24937142
sparser
"We mutated the hydrophobic and basic residues individually and found that loss of either type reduced MEK1 phosphorylation of ERK2 in vitro and its ability to bind to ERK2 in vivo."
11352917
sparser
"Upon activation, Raf mediates phosphorylation of MEK1 and MEK2, which in turn phosphorylate ERK1 and ERK2 [ xref ]."
35202001
reach
"MEK1 and MEK2 are dual specificity kinases and responsible for the phosphorylation and activation of the ERK1 and ERK2."
30954694
reach
"Following the described phosphorylation pattern (MAPKKK → MAPKK → MAPK), the stimulus activates MAPKKK (i.e., Raf-1), which, in turn, phosphorylates MEK1 and MEK2 and these finally phosphorylate and activate ERK1 and ERK2 [81]."
29973578
reach
"Myosin light chain phosphorylated by protein kinase C and Erk2 phosphorylated by MEK1 were poor substrates for CaMKPase, while a synthetic phosphopeptide corresponding to the sequence around the phosphorylation site of the former was not dephosphorylated by CaMKPase but that of the latter was fairly good substrate."
11328597
reach
"RAF then phosphorylates and activates the MEK1 and MEK2 dual specificity protein kinases, which in turn phosphorylate the related ERK1 and ERK2 MAPKs."
26725216
sparser
"Raf phosphorylation triggers the sequential activation of MEK1 (meiotic kinase) and/or MEK2 and then the phosphorylation of Erk1 and Erk2 by MEK1 or MEK2 ( xref )."
19126759
reach
"MEK1 phosphorylates ERK1 (p44 MAPK) and ERK2 (p42 MAPK) to activate pathways that regulate the proliferation and differentiation in cancer cells [XREF_BIBR]."
26384788
sparser
"Activated MEK1 can phosphorylate and activate the unactivated ERK2 ( Fig. 1 B)."
16199156
reach
"Cu and to a lesser extent silver, which is isoelectric to cuprous Cu, increased MEK1 phosphorylation of ERK2, whereas other metals had no effect (XREF_FIG)."
24717435
sparser
"26–28 MEK1 and its paralog MEK2 phosphorylate ERK1 and ERK2."
28190454
reach
"ERK1 and ERK2, the output of the cascade, are phosphorylated by MEK1 and MEK2, and MEK1/2 are activated upstream by Raf-1, and B-Raf XREF_BIBR."
25347295
reach
"Compound 2507-1 inhibited ERK2 from phosphorylating a DRS targeting substrate and prevented the phosphorylation of ERK2 by a constitutively active MEK1 (MAPK and ERK kinase 1) mutant."
31058487
sparser
"Expression of plasmids encoding constitutively active MEK1 or MEK2 drives sustained phosphorylation of ERK1 or ERK2, which, in turn, restricts the proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Huh-7 ( xref ) and human normal intestinal epithelial crypt cell cultures ( xref )."
38277448
reach
"MAP kinase-1 (MEK1) phosphorylates and activates the MAP kinases, ERK1 and ERK2, in the MAP kinase cascade, a signaling pathway that regulates mammalian cell growth and differentiation."
37869794
reach
"Raf then phosphorylates and activates Mek-1 and Mek-2 (the MAPK kinase), which in turn phosphorylate the MAPKs ERK-1 and ERK-2."
15998468
reach
"SCH772984 prevents phosphorylation and activation of ERK1 and ERK2 by MEK1/MEK2 kinase and sensitizes resistant tumor cells to BRAF-MEK combination therapy."
29595366
reach
"For example, in Pathway Commons v12 there are at least eight different curated representations of the process by which MAP2K1 phosphorylates MAPK1, each at a different level of detail (Fig EV1A)."
36938926
sparser
"Similarly, the sites on ERK5 that are phosphorylated by MKK5 have not been identified directly, but are assumed to be the threonine and tyrosine residues of the Thr-Glu-Tyr motif that are present at e[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
11478941
reach
"We mutated the hydrophobic and basic residues individually and found that loss of either type reduced MEK1 phosphorylation of ERK2 in vitro and its ability to bind to ERK2 in vivo."
11352917
reach
"The Ser/Thr kinase Raf protein (c-Raf-1, Raf-B, or Raf-A) activates the downstream kinase MEK1 and MEK2, which, in turn, phosphorylate Ser/Thr kinases ERK1 and its homolog ERK2 (Shaul and Seger, 2007; Elimam et al., 2020)."
35901362
reach
"Raf-1 then activates MEK1, which phosphorylates ERK1 and ERK2."
23608617
reach
"ERK2 phosphorylation by MEK1 was evaluated in the absence or presence of purified arrestins."
22174878
reach
"Thus, free non visual arrestins moderately facilitate the phosphorylation of ERK2 by MEK1."
22174878
reach
"In vitro protein kinase assays demonstrated that activation of Raf-1 and B-Raf resulted in the phosphorylation and activation of MAPK kinase (MEK1), which subsequently phosphorylated p42mapk."
9724043
reach
"In the second model arrestin can act as a true scaffold, bringing both MEK1 and ERK2 into close proximity to each other, thereby facilitating the phosphorylation of ERK2 by MEK1."
22174878
reach
"We reasoned that if ERK2 phosphorylation by MEK1 is rate determining for nuclear import and the phosphorylation kinetics in vivo reflect those seen in vitro, then we should observe sigmoidal kinetics of ERK2 nuclear import following MEK1 photoactivation."
21271704
reach
"We illustrate this process using four alternative ways to describe the phosphorylation of MAPK1 by MAP2K1 (Fig XREF_FIG)."
29175850
reach
"One important target of the lincRNA-p21/hnRNP-K complex is the MAP2K1 gene, whose protein product specifically phosphorylates ERK2 to maintain one of the major cellular survival cascades (Chang and Karin, 2001)."
30123777
reach
"Upon cell stimulation, MEK1 phosphorylates ERK2, which detaches from MEK1 and translocates to the nucleus XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR, where it regulates the activity of transcription factors."
31249300
sparser
"Both MEK1 and MEK1(D282N) phosphorylated GST‐ERK2(K/N) to a similar extent in an in vitro kinase assay (Fig.  xref )."
36776127
reach
"It must be noted that when the cells were stimulated with PHA, phosphorylation of the MAP kinase ERK-2 could not be totally inhibited by the blockade of MEK-1."
9484798
reach
"For example, MEK1 and MEK2 phosphorylate ERK1 and ERK2 in the cellular * Corresponding author."
8634328
reach
"26-28 MEK1 and its paralog MEK2 phosphorylate ERK1 and ERK2."
28190454
reach
"Furthermore, short peptides corresponding to the docking sites in these MEKs inhibited MEK1 mediated phosphorylation of ERK2 in vitro."
11134045
sparser
"The MP1–p14 complex is anchored to the endosomal membrane by the adaptor p18 and binds MEK1, ERK1 and ERK2, thus facilitating the phosphorylation of ERK1 and ERK2 (preferentially ERK1) by MEK1 ( xref )."
19696798
reach
"In vitro kinase assay revealed that SGK1 led to evident increase of phosphorylation of GST-ERK2 (KD), but not GST-ERK1, GST-MEK1, or GST-MEK2, suggesting that SGK1 specifically phosphorylates ERK2 in [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
19447520
sparser
"Both MEK1 and MEK2 can phosphorylate and activate the kinases ERK1 and ERK2."
38847227
sparser
"When activated, these serine/threonine kinases activate MEK1 and MEK2 which phosphorylate ERK1 and ERK2."
22997602
sparser
"For example, in Pathway Commons v12 there are at least eight different curated representations of the process by which MAP2K1 phosphorylates MAPK1 , each at a different level of detail (Fig  xref )."
36938926
reach
"In general, ERK1 and ERK2 are phosphorylated and activated by MEK1 and MEK2, respectively, although both MEK1/2 and ERK1/2 have been shown to be functionally redundant ( Favata et al., 1998 )."
23557646
sparser
"As you requested, we now provide an in vitro kinase assay, which shows that MEK1 induces phosphorylation of purified β-arrestin2 and its canonical substrate Erk2 with comparable efficacies."
28169830
reach
"The addition of the MAPK kinase-1 (MEK-1) inhibitor PD98059, which inhibits ERK2 phosphorylation, does not influence the stability of HIF-1α, but may reduce the transactivation potential of HIF-1 [28][MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
17920534
reach
"After being phosphorylated, B-Raf activates its downstream effectors MEK1 and MEK2 which afterwards phosphorylate ERK1 and ERK2."
24161954
sparser
"After being phosphorylated, B-Raf activates its downstream effectors MEK1 and MEK2 which afterwards phosphorylate ERK1 and ERK2."
24161954
reach
"MEK1 and MEK2 phosphorylate ERK1 and ERK2, which activate PI3K and c-Myc to alter cancer metabolism."
25898275
reach
"MEK1 and MEK2 specifically phosphorylate the TEY motif of ERK1 and ERK2."
23225884
reach
"Activated RAF proteins further phosphorylate MEK1 and MEK2, which then phosphorylate ERK1 and ERK2."
24252159
sparser
"MEK1 phosphorylates ERK1 (p44 MAPK) and ERK2 (p42 MAPK ) to activate pathways that regulate the proliferation and differentiation in cancer cells [ xref ]."
26384788
sparser
"We examined the importance of this binding site in the feedback phosphorylation of MEK1 on Thr(292) and Thr(386) by ERK2, the phosphorylation and activation of ERK2 by MEK1, and the interaction of MEK1 with ERK2 and Raf-1."
10567369
sparser
"As shown in , when GST–MEK1 purified from was incubated with ERK2 in the presence of [-P]ATP, the GST–MEK1 fusion protein was able to phosphorylate ERK2 (lane 3, )."
9373147
sparser
"Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) mainly ERK1 and ERK2 are phosphorylated by the dedicated MAP kinase kinase, MEK1and MEK2 and ERK1/2 have been shown to be important in the regulation of GtH[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
27616426
reach
"The Raf family includes 3 serine/threonine kinases (ARAF, BRAF, and RAF1) that activate MEK1 and MEK2, which in turn phosphorylate ERK1 and ERK2."
20420946
reach
"When activated, these serine/threonine kinases activate MEK1 and MEK2 which phosphorylate ERK1 and ERK2."
22997602
sparser
"Raf induces the activation of MEK1 and MEK2, which further phosphorylate the kinases ERK1 and ERK2."
35053443
reach
"The only identified Mek1 and Mek2 substrates are Erk1 and Erk2, which are phosphorylated by Mek1 and Mek2."
19383924
sparser
"For example, MEK1 and MEK2 phosphorylate ERK1 and ERK2 in the cellular * Corresponding author."
8634328
reach
"Activated MEK1, or possibly its related isoform MEK2, is responsible for the direct phosphorylation of ERK1 and ERK2 ( Charest et al., 1993 ), and probably the increased phosphorylation of glycogen sy[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
17166628
sparser
"Within the cascade, the doubly phosphorylated MEK1 phosphorylates the extracellular-signal-regulated kinases ERK1 and ERK2 ( xref )."
26350765
reach
"Although U0126 and PD98059 have been shown to block MEK1 phosphorylation and activation of ERK1 and ERK2 both in vitro and i n vivo, there is confusion in the literature regarding the capacity of thes[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
11804650
sparser
"Western blot analysis with an anti-phos-ERK antibody showed that the doubly phosphorylated MEK1 could robustly phosphorylate ERK2 in vitro as expected ( xref ; full gels available in xref )."
26350765
reach
"This confirms a previous result from Lowe et al. 1998 who showed with Golgi enriched membranes that bacterial anthrax toxin inhibited ERK1 and ERK2 phosphorylation (by MEK1) and mitotic cytosol treated with anthrax toxin induced Golgi fragmentation."
10769017
reach
"GST-ERK2 and CaMKIV(K71R) were phosphorylated by active MEK1 and CaMKKα, respectively, as described previously [16] ."
19527677
sparser
"Consequently, RAF phosphorylates MEK1 and MEK2, which in turn phosphorylate ERK1 and ERK2 [ xref ]."
34499267
reach
"XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR Subsequently, MEK1 phosphorylates ERK1 and ERK2."
24626108
reach
"Accordingly, ERK1 and ERK2 phosphorylation was prevented by inhibitors of TAK1, IKKbeta, TPL2, and MKK1 and MKK2 but only barely by the p38 MAPK inhibitor BIRB0796."
26793709
sparser
"The inhibitory effect of compounds on pMEK1 was tested by using homogeneous time resolved fluorescence (HTRF) method in which pMEK1 phosphorylates GST-labeled ERK2 directly and after the detection rea[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
31252285
sparser
"In view of their extremely restricted substrate specificity, it is unlikely that MEK-1 or MEK-2 phosphorylate p70 S6K . Erk-2 does not directly phosphorylate p70 S6K in vitro [28] ."
9202140
reach
"The extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) group of MAP kinases includes two isoforms of ERK, ERK1, and ERK2, which are phosphorylated by the dedicated MAP kinase kinases, MEK1, and MEK2."
16542655
reach
"We performed in vitro kinase assays for BRAF V600E activity to phosphorylate recombinant MEK and for MEK1 activity to phosphorylate recombinant ERK2, respectively."
32873792
reach
"When the purified components are incubated together, cRaf-1 phosphorylates and activates MEK1, MEK1 phosphorylates and activates ERK2, and ERK2 phosphorylates the peptide, biotin-AAATGPLSPGPFA."
10075822
reach
"ERK1 and ERK2 are then specifically phosphorylated by MEK1 and MEK2."
12729801
sparser
"The only MEK1 and MEK2 substrates that have been identified are ERK1 and ERK2, which are phosphorylated by MEK1 and MEK2."
26588333
sparser
"In vivo, both MKK1 and MKK2 phosphorylate ERK2."
35149678
reach
"Protein phosphorylation is one of the most important formats: Activated Raf phosphorylation and activates MEK1 and MEK2, which then phosphorylates ERK1 and ERK2, respectively (8,9)."
34650638
reach
"The Km value for the phosphorylation of mammalian Erk2 by Mek-1 has been measured to be about 300 nM (N. Ahn, pers."
9009826
reach
"Activated Mek1 and Mek2 then phosphorylate their only known substrates, Erk1 and Erk2."
29379775
sparser
"We illustrate this process using four alternative ways to describe the phosphorylation of MAPK1 by MAP2K1 (Fig  xref )."
29175850
reach
"In contrast, while the MEK1 and MEK2 inhibitor, U0126, prevented phosphorylation of ERK1 and ERK2, it had no effect on IGF-protection."
27437872
sparser
"The western blot data demonstrated the MEK1 (R4F)-mediated phosphorylation of ERK2 in the COM group."
35901235
sparser
"In line with our hypothesis, co-expression of these three constructs in wild-type E. coli MC4100 cells resulted in MEK1 R4F -dependent phosphorylation of ERK2-Bla (Supplementary Fig.  xref ) and concomitant cotranslocation of the phospho-modified substrate to the periplasmic space as confirmed by western blot analysis (Supplementary Fig.  xref )."
31015433
sparser
"MAPK signaling is enhanced by receptor tyrosine kinases, integrins, and G-protein coupled receptors; MAP2K1 phosphorylates ERK1 and ERK2 [ xref ]."
32703450
sparser
"The Raf family includes 3 serine/threonine kinases (ARAF, BRAF, and RAF1) that activate MEK1 and MEK2, which in turn phosphorylate ERK1 and ERK2."
20420946
reach
"In our MS data, we found that Mitogen activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MAP2K1), which can phosphorylate and activate ERK1 and ERK2, was increased by 95% in the cytosol."
26439698
sparser
"MEK1 and MEK2 phosphorylate and activate ERK1 and ERK2, which translocate to the nucleus and promote the expression of genes encoding transcription factors such as AP-1 family, c-Jun , c-Fos , and Elk-1 gene involved in cell differentiation and proliferation."
38927059
reach
"Meanwhile, the ERK2 phosphorylation catalyzed by MEK1 kinase bearing either O-pSer or C-pSer was completed within about 30 min (Fig. 5d)."
36514487
sparser
"In vitro it is known that phosphorylation of ERK2 on each of its phosphorylation sites by MEK1 is nonprocessive (distributive)( xref ) and that distributive phosphorylation of ERK1/2 leads to ultrasensitive, switch-like, sigmoidal kinetics for formation of the diphosphorylated form. xref , xref However in vivo , where scaffolds and other proteins may organize and regulate kinases,( xref ) it is unknown if sigmoidal kinetics for this elementary step are conserved and whether these phosphorylations, or steps upstream of MEK, control ERK1/2 translocation.( xref ) We reasoned that if ERK2 phosphorylation by MEK1 is rate determining for nuclear import and the phosphorylation kinetics in vivo reflect those seen in vitro, then we should observe sigmoidal kinetics of ERK2 nuclear import following MEK1 photoactivation."
21271704
reach
"MAPK signaling is enhanced by receptor tyrosine kinases, integrins, and G-protein coupled receptors; MAP2K1 phosphorylates ERK1 and ERK2 [16]."
32703450
sparser
"MEK1-phosphorylated Erk1(Y280C) showed only 11.5% of the activity manifested by MEK1-phosphorylated Erk1(WT) ( xref ), and MEK1-phosphorylated Erk2(Y261C) showed only 48% of the activity manifested by MEK1-phosphorylated Erk2(WT) ( xref )."
27413009
sparser
"MEK1 and MEK2 are threonine/tyrosine protein kinases that are phosphorylated by activated RAF and in turn, phosphorylate ERK1 and ERK2, leading to proliferation and migration."
23160324
reach
"MEK1 phosphorylates ERK1 and ERK2, which belong to the family of mitogen activated protein kinases."
11716472
reach
"ERK1 and ERK2, isoforms of the classical MAPK, are phosphorylated by the MAPKKs MEK1 (for MAPK and ERK kinase 1) and MEK2, which are substrates of the MAPKKK Mos and Raf-1 [XREF_BIBR]."
22363839
reach
"ERK2 fractions containing pT188 can be phosphorylated and activated by constitutively active MEK1 (MEK1R4F) similarly to unphosphorylated protein."
26950759
reach
"In this pathway, the MAP kinases ERK1 and ERK2 are phosphorylated and activated by the dual-specificity kinases MEK1 and MEK2, which in turn are activated by serine phosphorylation by a number of MAP kinase kinase kinases."
10828601
sparser
"Our in vitro kinase assays show that PEA-15 reduces the rate of MEK1-dependent ERK2 phosphorylation, but it nevertheless allows accumulation of fully phosphorylated ERK2."
23575685
sparser
"These results suggest that ERK2 phosphorylation is driven by MEK1, rather than by ERK2 autophosphorylation."
40240517
sparser
"ERK1 and ERK2, isoforms of the classical MAPK, are phosphorylated by the MAPKKs MEK1 (for MAPK/ERK kinase 1) and MEK2, which are substrates of the MAPKKK Mos and Raf-1 [ xref ]."
22363839
sparser
"The only identified Mek1 and Mek2 substrates are Erk1 and Erk2, which are phosphorylated by Mek1 and Mek2."
19383924
sparser
"Protein phosphorylation is one of the most important formats: Activated Raf phosphorylation and activates MEK1 and MEK2, which then phosphorylates ERK1 and ERK2, respectively ( xref , xref )."
34650638
reach
"The major upstream activators of ERK1 and 2 are two MAPK kinases (MAPKKs), MEK1 and MEK2, which directly phosphorylate the dual site in ERK1 and ERK2."
19969085
sparser
"Activated RAF proteins further phosphorylate MEK1 and MEK2, which then phosphorylate ERK1 and ERK2."
24252159
sparser
"Upon cell stimulation, MEK1 phosphorylates ERK2, which detaches from MEK1 and translocates to the nucleus xref , xref , where it regulates the activity of transcription factors."
31249300
sparser
"Next, we tested whether arrestin binding affects ERK2 phosphorylation by MEK1."
22174878
sparser
"ERK2 phosphorylation by MEK1 was evaluated in the absence or presence of purified arrestins."
22174878
reach
"The residual ERK1 and ERK2 phosphorylation was suppressed by the MKK1 and MKK2 inhibitor PD184352 XREF_BIBR (XREF_FIG)."
23527104
reach
"Similarly, MEK1 is able to effectively phosphorylate Thr183 and Tyr185 in the activation loop of ERK2/pTpY in vitro, and a brief incubation at 25 °C of bisphosphorylated ERK2 with MKP3 resulted in a r[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
22178908
sparser
"Taking into account that MEK1 phosphorylates two sites in each ERK2 molecule, this is equivalent to the phosphorylation of ∼10% of ERK2 present ( xref )."
22174878
sparser
"Besides, LCOR and HLTF together act as the Raf/MAP kinase cascade element in the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK pathway to regulate the downstream MAPK1/MAPK3 signaling by directly activating MAP2K and MAPK, while MAPK3 and MAPK1 are phosphorylated by MAP2K1 and MAP2K2, thus responding to a wide range of extracellular stimuli, and promoting differentiation, proliferation, cell motility, cell survival, and some other important cellular behaviors xref , xref ."
34954425
reach
"XREF_BIBR The only MEK1 and MEK2 substrates that have been identified are ERK1 and ERK2, which are phosphorylated by MEK1 and MEK2."
26588333