IndraLab
Statements
reach
"We speculate that the integrating function of NIK may be also contributable, because NIK and NIK(KA) have a similar ability to enhance the interaction between MEK1 and ERK2, which may promote spatial proximity of MEK1 to ERK2 and thus facilitate the phosphorylation of ERK2 by MEK1."
reach
"Myosin light chain phosphorylated by protein kinase C and Erk2 phosphorylated by MEK1 were poor substrates for CaMKPase, while a synthetic phosphopeptide corresponding to the sequence around the phosphorylation site of the former was not dephosphorylated by CaMKPase but that of the latter was fairly good substrate."
sparser
"In vitro it is known that phosphorylation of ERK2 on each of its phosphorylation sites by MEK1 is nonprocessive (distributive)( xref ) and that distributive phosphorylation of ERK1/2 leads to ultrasensitive, switch-like, sigmoidal kinetics for formation of the diphosphorylated form. xref , xref However in vivo , where scaffolds and other proteins may organize and regulate kinases,( xref ) it is unknown if sigmoidal kinetics for this elementary step are conserved and whether these phosphorylations, or steps upstream of MEK, control ERK1/2 translocation.( xref ) We reasoned that if ERK2 phosphorylation by MEK1 is rate determining for nuclear import and the phosphorylation kinetics in vivo reflect those seen in vitro, then we should observe sigmoidal kinetics of ERK2 nuclear import following MEK1 photoactivation."
sparser
"In line with our hypothesis, co-expression of these three constructs in wild-type E. coli MC4100 cells resulted in MEK1 R4F -dependent phosphorylation of ERK2-Bla (Supplementary Fig. xref ) and concomitant cotranslocation of the phospho-modified substrate to the periplasmic space as confirmed by western blot analysis (Supplementary Fig. xref )."
sparser
"Besides, LCOR and HLTF together act as the Raf/MAP kinase cascade element in the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK pathway to regulate the downstream MAPK1/MAPK3 signaling by directly activating MAP2K and MAPK, while MAPK3 and MAPK1 are phosphorylated by MAP2K1 and MAP2K2, thus responding to a wide range of extracellular stimuli, and promoting differentiation, proliferation, cell motility, cell survival, and some other important cellular behaviors xref , xref ."