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TNF increases the amount of USP18. 15 / 17
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"USP18 mRNA expression was induced by TNF-alpha and LPS but not by IL-6 or IL-10 (XREF_FIG)."
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"We suspect that whereas increased TNF-alpha does contribute to USP18 expression, there are other stimuli, for example, LPS and perhaps the recently described interferon-lambda 4, that also modulate hepatic USP18 expression."
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"TNF-α and LPS treatment also led to augmented USP18 protein expression by Western blotting (Fig. 1C) and by intracellular staining (Fig. 1D to F)."
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"MacParland et al. showed that TNF-alpha or LPS could target USP18 expression and thus inhibit IFN signaling [XREF_BIBR]."
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"TNF-alpha and LPS treatment also led to augmented USP18 protein expression by Western blotting (XREF_FIG) and by intracellular staining (XREF_FIG to XREF_FIG)."
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"USP18 mRNA expression was induced by TNF-α and LPS but not by IL-6 or IL-10 (Fig. 1A)."
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"We suspect that whereas increased TNF-α does contribute to USP18 expression, there are other stimuli, for example, LPS and perhaps the recently described interferon-lambda 4 (56), that also modulate hepatic USP18 expression."
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"Having shown that LPS and TNF-alpha stimulation increases hepatocyte USP18 expression, we then sought to determine whether we could pharmacologically inhibit the induction of USP18 by LPS and TNF-alpha."
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"As seen in Fig. 7A and as described in Table 1, TNF-α induced expression of USP18 was potently downregulated by all inhibitors tested, and this inhibition coincided with impaired IL-1β mRNA expression (Fig. 7B)."
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"Treatment of Huh7.5 cells with TNF-α or LPS induced expression of USP18 in 74.1% ± 8.9% and 70.5% ± 5.2%, respectively, compared to untreated controls in which USP18 expression was 31.0% ± 4.7% (Fig. 1Fi)."
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"We next sought to determine whether TNF-α and LPS could induce USP18 expression in hepatocytes via the induction of IFN-α."
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"TABLE 1: Inhibition of inflammatory signaling impairs TNF-α- and LPS-induced USP18 expressionaFIG 1: USP18 expression is upregulated by TNF-α and LPS."
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"We observed that neither IFN-α, LPS, nor TNF-α induce much, if any, hepatocyte expression of IFN-α or IFN-γ, although the same doses induce strong expression of USP18 (Fig. 5)."
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"We next sought to determine whether TNF-alpha and LPS could induce USP18 expression in hepatocytes via the induction of IFN-alpha."
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"IFN-alpha, LPS, and TNF-alpha do not induce type 1 and 2 IFNs in primary murine hepatocytes but do induce USP18 expression."
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