IndraLab

"We also show that ULBP4 binds to a soluble chimeric protein containing TCRgamma9 and delta2 and activates TCR (-) Jurkat T cells transfected with TCRgamma9 and delta2."

"ULBP4 also can bind to Vγ9Vδ2 TCR and thus induce the cytotoxic activity of Vγ9Vδ2T cells toward tumor cells through both TCR and NKG2D engagement ( xref )."

"They can be activated by γδ TCR ligands such as phosphoantigens, or by MHC-associated ligands of the activatory receptor killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily K, member 1 (KLRK1, best known as NKG2D, such as MHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A (MICA), MICB, and various members of the UL16-binding protein (ULBP) family. γδ T cells also express killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs), which can be either activatory or inhibitory, including killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, 2 domains, long cytoplasmic tail, 1 (KIR2DL1) xref and killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, 3 domains, long cytoplasmic tail, 1 (KIR3DL1). xref Tumors possess the ability to manipulate this balance to stimulate tolerance by inhibitory signals, including soluble NKG2D ligands, transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1), galectin 3 and prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) xref , xref , xref , xref Elevated circulating levels of sMICA, sMICB, and sULBP1 might be particularly active against effector γδ T cells, as the latter express high amounts of NKG2D. Of interest, the NKG2D ligand ULBP4 may bind to the TCR of some γδ T-cell subsets, and this may exacerbate their inhibition by neuroblastoma cells. xref "

"Of interest, the NKG2D ligand ULBP4 may bind to the TCR of some gammadelta T-cell subsets, and this may exacerbate their inhibition by neuroblastoma cells."