IndraLab

"ULBP4 also can bind to Vγ9Vδ2 TCR and thus induce the cytotoxic activity of Vγ9Vδ2T cells toward tumor cells through both TCR and NKG2D engagement ( xref )."

"Of interest, the NKG2D ligand ULBP4 may bind to the TCR of some gammadelta T-cell subsets, and this may exacerbate their inhibition by neuroblastoma cells."

"We also show that ULBP4 binds to a soluble chimeric protein containing TCRgamma9 and delta2 and activates TCR (-) Jurkat T cells transfected with TCRgamma9 and delta2."

"They can be activated by γδ TCR ligands such as phosphoantigens, or by MHC-associated ligands of the activatory receptor killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily K, member 1 (KLRK1, best known as NKG2D, such as MHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A (MICA), MICB, and various members of the UL16-binding protein (ULBP) family. γδ T cells also express killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs), which can be either activatory or inhibitory, including killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, 2 domains, long cytoplasmic tail, 1 (KIR2DL1) xref and killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, 3 domains, long cytoplasmic tail, 1 (KIR3DL1). xref Tumors possess the ability to manipulate this balance to stimulate tolerance by inhibitory signals, including soluble NKG2D ligands, transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1), galectin 3 and prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) xref , xref , xref , xref Elevated circulating levels of sMICA, sMICB, and sULBP1 might be particularly active against effector γδ T cells, as the latter express high amounts of NKG2D. Of interest, the NKG2D ligand ULBP4 may bind to the TCR of some γδ T-cell subsets, and this may exacerbate their inhibition by neuroblastoma cells. xref "