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TGFB1 increases the amount of FOXP3. 70 / 70
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"Finally, although the enhancement of FOXP3 expression by transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) in activated human CD4 + CD25 - T h cells generates so called induced T reg (iT reg) cells, this phenotype is rapidly lost [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."

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"As shown in XREF_SUPPLEMENTARY, addition of TGFbeta-1 or wild-type Treg cells induced the expression of Foxp3 in both wild-type and furin deficient CD4 + naive T cells."

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"TGF-beta1 has been shown to induce FOXP3 expression in naive T cells and their conversion into regulatory T cells XREF_BIBR."

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"As the induction of Foxp3 by Tci-L4-ES is thought to be due to the presence of parasite homologues of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta1), a cytokine which preferentially induces Foxp3 expression in naive rather than non naive CD4 + T cells [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR], we also determined whether Tc-L4-ES was able to induce Foxp3 expression in purified naive ovine CD4 + T cells."

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"Tumor derived TGF-beta1 has been showed to induce the expression of Foxp3, which is a firm link between TGF-beta1 levels and Tregs [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."

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"Real-time PCR showed that Foxp3 expression was not up-regulated by M-CSF alone, M-CSF plus IL-4, or M-CSF plus TGFbeta1 treatments in peritoneal macrophages."

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"TGF-beta1 also induces FOXP3 expression, while IL-6 inhibits its expression [XREF_BIBR]."

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"In the absence of IL-6, TGF-beta1 induces the expression of Foxp3 in naive CD4 + T cells in vitro XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR - XREF_BIBR and in vivo XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR."

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"Consistently, TGF-beta1 can induce the co-expression of FoxP3 and RORgammat, the lineage defining transcription factors of Treg and Th17 cells, respectively XREF_BIBR."

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"Firstly, reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by TCR activated CD4 + CD25 - T cells has a role in producing active TGFbeta1, and endogenous TGFbeta1 production in turn induces Foxp3 expression in human CD4 + CD25 - T cells."

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"TGF-beta1 secreted by hepatocellular carcinoma induces the expression of the Foxp3 gene and suppresses antitumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment."

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"In other model systems, it has been shown that blocking Tim-3 results in a significant reduction of Treg suppressive activity in vitro XREF_BIBR, and Galectin-9 up-regulates both Foxp3 mRNA expression and Treg differentiation induced by TGF-beta1 XREF_BIBR."

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"Thus, our data reveal that TGF-beta1 induces Foxp3 expression through at least two indispensable and interdependent molecular events : promoting E2A protein binding to the Foxp3 promoter (enhancer) and inhibiting and/or removing negative factors bound to the promoter such as GATA-3 (silencer)."

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"In this study, in vitro experiments were performed to determine whether TGF-beta1 could synergize with low-dose rapamycin and inhibit T cell activation and production of inflammatory cytokines, as well as enhance FoxP3 expression for potential application in islet transplantation."

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"LFch alone did not induce Foxp3 expression, yet LFch dramatically enhanced TGFβ1-induced Foxp3 expression."

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"For instance, TGFbeta1 was shown to induce FoxP3 expression in CD4 + CD25 - T cells in vitro."

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"It is acknowledged that TGF-beta1 could induce the conversion of naive CD4 + CD25 - T cells into CD4 + CD25 + T cells by up-regulating Foxp3 expression, and play an important role in enhancing the immunosuppressive capacity of CD4 + CD25 + T cells [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."

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"While TGF-beta1 alone induces Foxp3 expression and generated immunosuppressive Foxp3 + induced Tregs (iTregs), addition of IL-4 suppressed TGF-beta1 induced Foxp3 expression."

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"Consistent with this, the activity of LFch on TGFβ1-induced Foxp3 expression was also abrogated by treatment with sTβRIII."

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"Interestingly, the combination of TGF-beta1 and TCR stimulation could induce CD103 expression as well as FoxP3 expression, which are both dependent on SMAD2/3 and NFAT1 [XREF_BIBR]."

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"Unexpectedly, we found that TGF-beta1 and IL-10-DCs operated synergistically to up-regulate FOXP3 expression in naive CD4 + T cells."

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"There is at least some evidence that activin A can increase TGFβ1-induced FoxP3 expression in T cells in vitro ( xref )."

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"Despite FoxP3 gene transcription by TGF-beta1 is vital mechanism of regulatory T cell stimulation [XREF_BIBR], recent findings showed that FoxP3 + regulatory cells, of potent anti-inflammatory activity, might be subgrouped based on the chemotactic receptor expression into different Th cell subsets, each functionally suppressive [XREF_BIBR]."

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"However, as TGF-beta1 can induce FoxP3 expression amongst peripheral CD4 + T cells, it is also possible that the lack of T reg cell activity is due to a deficiency of FoxP3 + cells amongst the splenic dnTbetaRII CD4 + CD25 + pool."

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"While TGF-beta1 is known to induce Foxp3 expression in CD4 T cells and may assist in the generation of peripheral Treg populations [XREF_BIBR], we did not observe an increase in the induction of Tregs in the scaffolds in either the blank or allogeneic transplantation models (XREF_SUPPLEMENTARY and XREF_SUPPLEMENTARY)."

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"These results showed that TGF-beta1 is not able to elevate Foxp3 expression owing to upregulation of STAT3, which represses Foxp3 transcription in SMAR1 -/- CD4 + T cells."

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"In the present study, we investigated the involvement of NOTCH and TGF-beta 1 signaling pathways in regulating the FOXP3 transcription factor and demonstrated, for the first time, that FOXP3 expression was modulated by NOTCH and TGF-beta 1 pathways in primary and metastatic melanoma cell lines."

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"TGF-beta1 is important in maintaining functional Foxp3 + CD4 + CD25 + T reg cells in the periphery and can also induce Foxp3 expression in naive T cells."

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"We showed that TGF-beta1 treatment upregulated FOXP3 expression at the transcriptional and post-translational level, more in A2058 and A373 cells than in WM35 cells."

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"TGF-beta1 has been shown to induce FoxP3 expression and acquisition of T reg function amongst peripheral CD25 - CD4 + cells in vitro."

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"It has been shown that TGF-beta1 induces Foxp3 transcription in peripheral naive CD4 T cells XREF_BIBR."

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"The RA-DC were better inducers of FOXP3- and IL-10 expression within the Treg cell compartment than Mo-DC, in line with previous finding, showing that that RA can enhance TGFbeta1 induced IL10 production and FOXP3 expression in T cells."

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"TGF-beta1 was reported to induce Foxp3 + Tregs from CD4 + CD25 - T cells [XREF_BIBR], and TGF-beta1 plus low-dose rapamycin (RAPA) synergize to upregulate Foxp3 expression and suppress human T cell responses [XREF_BIBR]."

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"We found that T cell activation in the presence of TGF-beta1 plus TCDD induced the expression of Smad1, which interacted with the Smad binding motif in CNS-1 to promote FOXP3 expression."

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"Specifically, TGF-beta1 alone stimulates the expression of Foxp3 and regulatory Tcell differentiation from activated T helper cells and has mainly inhibitory effects on B lymphocytes."

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"Therefore, even though TGF-β1 induced strong FOXP3 expression, thymus-derived CD25 neg cells could not acquire a suppressive function similar to that observed from Tconvs, and the suppressive ability was correlated with CTLA-4 and CD39 expression."

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"TGFbeta1, by T-cell receptor (TCR) stimulation, induces FoxP3 expression in naive CD4 + CD25 - FoxP3 - T-cells and converts them into FoxP3 + regulatory T-cells."

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"Here, we report that TGF-beta1 supports the maintenance of Foxp3 expression, regulatory function, and homeostasis in peripheral CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T (T reg) cells, but is not required for their thymic development."

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"TGF-beta1 effectively up-regulated FOXP3 expression in naive CD4 + T cells when co-cultured with patient DCs, but patient IL-10-DCs were inefficient for the up-regulation of FOXP3 expression (XREF_FIG, sixth dataset)."

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"We first performed gene knock-down experiments in mouse EL4 T lymphoma cells (subclone EL4 LAF), as TGF-beta1 and TCR stimulation induce Foxp3 expression in these cells XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR."

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"In the hemophilia A mice, TGF-beta1 along with other platelet contents induces Foxp3 expression in Tconv cells, and then converts them into functional iTreg cells [XREF_BIBR]."

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"TGF-beta1, an immunosuppressive cytokine, supports the maintenance of FoxP3 expression, regulatory function, and homeostasis in peripheral Treg."

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"TGF-beta1 induces FOXP3 expression in CD25- naive T cells to enforce transition to Treg cells and is a critical factor in the development of peripheral Treg cells [XREF_BIBR]."

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"Based upon data presented here, we propose that TGF-beta1 induces Foxp3 expression through at least two indispensable and complementary molecular events : by promoting E protein binding to the Foxp3 promoter (enhancer) and by inhibiting and/or removing the negative factors bound to the Foxp3 promoter such as GATA-3 (silencer)."

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"TGF-beta1 is known to promote FOXP3 expression by inducing Treg differentiation from CD4 + CD25 + T cells and inhibit the activity of many cytokines, including IFN-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)."

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"In humans, neither forced Foxp3 overexpression XREF_BIBR nor Foxp3 expression triggered by TGF-beta1 alone XREF_BIBR results in the differentiation of suppressive Foxp3 + T reg cells, which indicates that additional signals beyond those controlled by Foxp3 are required for the generation of functional Foxp3 + T reg cells."

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"Further studies demonstrated that transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) could effectively induce FOXP3 expression in CD3 (+) CD56 (+) cells and the cells were thus endowed with a potent immunosuppressive capacity."

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"As pointed out above, TGF-beta1 promotes differentiation of Foxp3 expressing Tregs and the activity of the cytokine is required for the function of such cells."

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"The defect in FOXP3 expression by TGFbeta1 in Cnab -/- cultures could not be due to a defect in IL-2 production since addition of IL-2 (100 IU/ml) to the cultures did not restore FOXP3 expression in Cnab -/- cultures."

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"Even though the effect of TGF-β1 is dominant on IFN-γ signaling that result in the shift from Th1 to iTregs, however presence of NO potentiates STAT1-mediated IFN-γ signaling, inhibiting TGF-β1-induced Foxp3 expression, and thereby reinforces Th1 development ( xref )."

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"Recent studies have established that TGFbeta1 induces FOXP3 expression and that the Foxp3 enhancer contains SMAD3 and NFAT binding sequences, suggesting cooperative regulation of Foxp3 expression by TGFbeta and TCR signals [XREF_BIBR]."

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"Upregulation of FOXP3 expression on human melanoma cell lines by TGF-beta1."

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"Anti-CD28, anti-CD3, IL-2, TGF-beta1, and sodium butyrate were added with proper concentration to induce Foxp3 expression during 72hours."

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"Control IL-10-DCs up-regulated FOXP3 expression, equivalent to TGF-beta1 (XREF_FIG, fifth dataset vs. third dataset), and a combination of control IL-10-DCs and TGF-beta1 (XREF_FIG, seventh dataset) further up-regulated FOXP3 expression."

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"FOXP3 expression is modulated by TGF-beta1 and NOTCH1 pathway in human melanoma."

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"TGF-beta1 modulates Foxp3 expression and regulatory activity in distinct CD4+ T cell subsets."

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"It has been shown that TGF-beta1 stimulation of T cells not only induces Foxp3 expression but also induce IL-9 13."

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"M-CSF was used to generate more homogenous and mature macrophages, M-CSF plus IL-4 to skew macrophages to alternatively activated (M2) phenotype, and M-CSF plus TGFbeta1 to induce Foxp3 expression during three day cultures of peritoneal macrophages."

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"In CD4+ CD25+ T-cells, TGFbeta1 increased the expression of Foxp3, whereas a decreased expression was seen in CD4+ CD25+ T-cells with impaired TGFbeta signaling."

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"It has been previously shown that TGF-beta1 induces Foxp3 expression in peripheral naive CD4 T cells in vitro and in vivo XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR."

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"TGF-beta1 in the culture medium efficiently up-regulated FOXP3 expression in naive CD4 + T cells in the presence of untreated immature DCs (XREF_FIG)."

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"As previously suggested, TGF-beta1 treatment induced the expression of Foxp3 (~ 11%)."

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"IL-6 is the key factor that directly regulates the balance of Th17 and Foxp3 + Treg cells by inhibiting TGF-β1-induced Foxp3 expression [ xref ]."

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"IL-2, TGF-beta1 and all chemokines examined did not induce Foxp3-GFP expression."

"Similarly, TGF-{beta} stimulation regulated Foxp3 expression in anti-CD3/CD28-stimulated human CD4+ T lymphocytes at the mRNA and protein level, suggesting that TGF-{beta} controls expression of this key regulatory protein both in human and murine T cells (Fig. 1, B and C)."

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"Moreover, TGF-beta1 and rapamycin significantly suppressed cytokine production and induced regulatory T cells by upregulating FoxP3 expression."

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"Since TGF-beta1 upregulates FOXP3 levels and in considering that NOTCH and TGF-beta signaling is involved in the tumorigenic process of cancers, including melanoma, we investigated whether TGF-beta1 was able to affect the NOTCH signaling in melanoma cell lines."

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"TGF-beta 1 can downregulate all of the three DNMTs and induce Foxp3 expression in T-cells XREF_BIBR."

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"IL-10 acts on Treg cells to maintain TGF-β1-induced Foxp3 expression, while IL-23, IL-6, IL-1 destabilize FOXP3 expression and favor RORγ induction and Th17 conversion."

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"While natural T regulatory cells are produced in the thymus, TGF-beta1 signaling combined with T-cell receptor signaling induces the expression of Foxp3 in CD4+ T cells in the periphery."