IndraLab
Statements
"LDL, in pathophysiological concentrations, affect the IGF-I signaling pathway at multiple levels: 1) they induce phosphorylation of IGF-I receptor beta and IRS-1 in a time- and dose-dependent manner; 2) they up-regulate IRS-1-associated PI3 kinase/Akt activation in response to IGF-I at early times; and 3) they show additive effects with IGF-I on extracellular signal-regulated MAPK 1/2 phosphorylation."
"Accordingly, under the cellular context of the elevated expression of IL- 6Ra on myeloma cells, it is assumed that IL-6Ra molecules are located close to IGF-I receptors at lipid rafts, and IL-6 stimulation triggers the complex formation of IL-6Ra not only with gp130 but also with IGF-I receptors, leading to autophosphorylation of IGF-I receptor b and subsequent acti- vation of PI-3 kinase-Akt pathways (Fig. 4) 79 ."