IndraLab

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Phosphorylated CTNNB1 decreases the amount of CTNNB1. 9 / 9
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"In vitro, phosphorylation of beta-catenin induces the loss of membranous beta-catenin and E-cadherin, subsequently increasing the potential for metastasis."

"In conclusion, we have found that the Arg(96) mutant has a dominant-negative effect on GSK-3beta-dependent phosphorylation of beta-catenin and that targeting of beta-catenin for degradation requires prior priming through phosphorylation of Ser(45)."

"Here we demonstrate that cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) in association with cyclin A or cyclin E directly binds to beta-catenin. In vivo and in vitro kinase assays with cyclin-CDK2 demonstrate beta-catenin phosphorylation on residues Ser(33), Ser(37), Thr(41), and Ser(45). This phosphorylation promotes rapid degradation of cytosolic beta-catenin via the beta-TrCP-mediated proteasome pathway."

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"GSK3 could phosphorylate Axin bound beta-catenin and then promote the rapid destruction of phosphorylated beta-catenin, preventing the transcription of beta-catenin target genes in the nucleus XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR."

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"Constitutive phosphorylation of beta-catenin by cyclin dependent kinase at serine 45 followed by phosphorylation of the N-terminus by GSK3beta targets beta-catenin for degradation by the ubiquitin and proteosome pathway, limiting levels of cytoplasmic beta-catenin under resting conditions."

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"This complex phosphorylates β-catenin, which downregulates cytosolic β-catenin levels ( Valenta et al., 2012 )."

"The accumulation of β-catenin results from the inhibition of the GSK3β kinase, which normally would phosphorylate β-catenin as a degradation signal."

"Following phosphorylation, β-catenin is targeted for proteasome-dependent degradation involving interaction with β-TrCP (β-transducin repeat-containing protein), a component of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex89–92"

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"Then, inhibition of beta-catenin phosphorylation raises the levels of beta-catenin in the cell and allows beta-catenin to enter the nuclei to bind to the transcription factor TCF/LEF, thereby initiating transcription of downstream target genes [XREF_BIBR]."