
IndraLab
Statements
reach
"TNFR1 activation with no integration of c-IAPs (e.g. with the treatment of IAP antagonists), or with inhibition of translation, or with deubiquitination of RIPK1 by the deubiquitinating enzyme CYLD may induce RIPK1 translocation to a secondary complex in the cytoplasm called complex II [XREF_BIBR - XREF_BIBR]."
reach
"As the deubiquitination of RIP1 by CYLD, a major deubiquitinase in the NF-kappaB pathway that functions by hydrolysing K63 and linear ubiquitin chains XREF_BIBR, is a key step to induce complex II formation XREF_BIBR and OPTN associates with CYLD XREF_BIBR, defects in CYLD deubiquitination activity, due to the absence of OPTN, may result in enhanced complex II formation."
reach
"When RIPK1 is not ubiquitinated, complex IIb is formed; in order for this to occur, the cylindromatosis tumour suppressor protein DUB (CYLD) enzyme deubiquitinates RIPK1, thereby allowing it to disassociate from complex I 42 and form complex IIb, whereby TRADD is replaced by RIPK3, upon degradation of cIAP1 and 2 XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR."
reach
"Similarly, Liu et al. (66) showed in hippocampal neurons that KD of CYLD blocks necroptosis and Wright et al. (20) showed that CYLD deubiquitinates RIP1 in human cervical adenocarcinoma (HCAC) cells.To reconcile these contrasting reports, we have associated with each of the above experimental studies one or more modes of necroptosis execution identified from our model analysis (Table 3)."
reach
"However, CYLD- and A20-driven deubiquitination of RIP1 have been variously reported as pro- and antinecroptotic in different cell types: some studies have shown that CYLD drives RIP1 deubiquitination (11,17,19,20), while others have implicated A20 (13,21,22) or reported equal contributions from both enzymes (23,24,25)."
reach
"The cIAPs can ubiquitinate RIP1, which leads to activation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways to promote cell survival.39 40 Upon cIAP degradation, RIP1 can be de-ubiquitinated by deubiquitinase cylindromatosis (CYLD).41 Upon deubiquitination, Complex IIa forms (Fig. 3), which typically includes RIP1, caspase-8, and FADD.38 42 Formation of this complex can trigger cell death by apoptosis."
reach
"But the degradation of cIAP1/2 would promotes the deubiquitination of RIPK1 by deubiquitinase cylindromatosis (CYLD) releases RIPK1 from this complex and results in the interaction of RIPK1 with FADD (Fas‐associated death domain protein), RIPK3, and Caspase 8 to form a cytosolic protein complex (Complex II), leading to the activation of Caspase 8.
7
,
8
Activated Caspase 8 can cleave and activate the executor caspases such as Caspase 3 and Caspase 7."
reach
"TNFR1 activation together with the absence of c-IAPs (IAP antagonist treatment), translation inhibition (cyclohexamide treatment), or RIP1 deubiquitination by the deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB) CYLD may promote the translocation of RIP1 to a secondary cytoplasmatic complex, Complex II [XREF_BIBR - XREF_BIBR]."
reach
"Furthermore, CYLD catalyses deubiquitination of RIPK1, which consequently dissociates from the TNFR1 complex and is released into the cytosol in order to form a complex with fas-associated protein with death domain (FADD) and Casp8 to promote cell death.6 7 RIPK1 protein expression was increased in the absence of FMRP following exposure to TNF when compared with controls (figure 5G)."