IndraLab
Statements
rlimsp
"Interestingly, autophosphorylation of the IGF-IR and phosphorylation of the downstream substrate, insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), was not inhibited in doxycycline/IGF-I treated cells, suggesting the possibility that activation of downstream substrates other than the IRS-1 may be critical for optimal cell proliferation."
sparser
"IGF-1R is a tyrosine kinase receptor that is activated by IGFs, the activated IGF-1R not only phosphorylates IRS-1 and SHC to activate the MAPK cascade, which stimulates cell growth and proliferation[ xref ], but also protects from apoptosis as a result of activation of PI3K-Akt through phosphorylation and subsequent inactivation of BAD[ xref ]."
reach
"Another study from the same group [XREF_BIBR] established that phosphorylation of AKT on Thr308 and Ser473 increases following treatment of ALL cells with AICAR and demonstrated that AKT phosphorylation on Thr 308 is mediated by AMPK induced IGF-1R activation and phosphorylation of IRS-1."