IndraLab
Statements
reach
"Hyperinsulinemia and elevated IGFR activates the phosphorylation of IRS-1, resulting in the activation of multiple cytokine pathways, including PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK cascade, which modulate cell cycle and may potentially enhance tumor progression of HCC (35).3.2
Wnt/beta-catenin pathway."
reach
"PIK3CA small interfering RNA (siRNA) silencing of p110α neither affected the increased phosphorylation of RTKs and IRS-1 nor total HER3 and IGF-1R levels (SI Appendix, Fig. S5), indicating that RTK activation by these driver mutations is p110α-independent.We established a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated W333R knock-in in the human colon cancer cell line HCT116, because PIK3R1 mutations frequently manifest in colon cancer patients."
reach
"Another study from the same group [XREF_BIBR] established that phosphorylation of AKT on Thr308 and Ser473 increases following treatment of ALL cells with AICAR and demonstrated that AKT phosphorylation on Thr 308 is mediated by AMPK induced IGF-1R activation and phosphorylation of IRS-1."
reach
"It markedly inhibited IRS1 and Shc phosphorylation and downregulated mitRaf.In addition, IGF-1R inhibition led to a decrease of cell survival and induced apoptosis in a manner depending on the approach used for the receptor inhibition, with IGF-1R-siRNA being the most effective apoptosis inducer.These findings suggest that blocking of several IGF1R signaling pathways may be necessary to effectively induce apotosis in lung cancer cells."
sparser
"IGF-1R is a tyrosine kinase receptor that is activated by IGFs, the activated IGF-1R not only phosphorylates IRS-1 and SHC to activate the MAPK cascade, which stimulates cell growth and proliferation[ xref ], but also protects from apoptosis as a result of activation of PI3K-Akt through phosphorylation and subsequent inactivation of BAD[ xref ]."