IndraLab

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TGFBR1 increases the amount of SMAD2. 3 / 3
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"In addition, knockdown of ALK5 down-regulated the expression of ALK5 and p-Smad2, but upon combination with LUT, it could significantly reduce the same ( Fig. 5 H)."

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"Immediate early target genes of TGFbeta-Smad signalling include the inhibitory Smads, such as Smad7, which accumulate upon signalling and negatively regulate the pathway at the level of TbetaRI degradation, Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation by TbetaRI and at the level of chromatin bound Smad complexes, which are transcriptionally blocked by Smad7."

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"TGFBR1 or TGFBR2 mutations cause increased expression of TGF-β signaling, connective tissue growth factor and phosphorylation of SMAD2, which lead to a syndrome of altered cardiovascular, neurocognitive, craniofacial and skeletal development [211]."