IndraLab

Statements


GAST activates KCNMA1. 18 / 18
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"Nakagawa et al. discovered that SLO production by GAS stimulated association of internalized bacteria with autophagosome like vacuoles in HeLa cells and promoted killing of the internalized bacteria XREF_BIBR."

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"This finding was unanticipated because, in human keratinocytes, GAS production of SLO is associated with impaired fusion of the GAS containing vacuole with lysosomes and failure to acidify this compartment for effective bacterial killing."

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"This result revealed a previously unknown contribution of NADase to the cytolytic activity associated with GAS production of SLO."

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"GAS Production of SLO Suppresses Neutrophil Oxidative Burst."

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"To address this possibility, we tested the cytotoxic effects of GAS producing a variant of SLO that does not form pores but retains the ability to translocate NADase [slo (Y255A)]."

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"Thus, SLO production by GAS impairs neutrophil IL-8 release and their activation and migratory responses to the chemokine."

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"Using isogenic mutants deficient in HA and/or SLO, we determined that GAS inhibits DC maturation through two distinct mechanisms : 1) inhibition of bacterial binding and/or phagocytosis by the HA capsule, and 2) SLO mediated induction of DC apoptosis by intracellular GAS."

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"These results demonstrate that tonsil colonising GAS produces SLO, which, by interacting with TLR4, induces production of CysLTs by human innate immune cells."

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"In considering the possible importance of SLO pore formation in the intracellular survival of GAS, we first investigated whether SLO produced by intracellular GAS damaged the membrane of the bacteria containing vacuole."

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"Shortly after bacterial internalization, GAS production of SLO results in damage to the endosomal membrane, which exposes the bacteria to the cytosol where they become ubiquitinated."

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"These findings may explain the nearly universal production of SLO by GAS clinical isolates and the association of NADase with the global spread of a GAS clone implicated in invasive infections."

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"Significantly, GAS strains that were unable to induce DC maturation produced large amounts of HA capsule and/or SLO, two major virulence factors involved in resistance to phagocytosis and induction of cytotoxicity, respectively [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."

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"Therefore, to know the mechanism underlying GAS mediated killing of PMN, we investigated whether SLO produced by invasive GAS affect survival of PMN in an in vitro migration assay system."

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"These data are consistent with the observation that a GAS strain producing a non-pore-forming SLO that is competent for NADase translocation (SLO Y2552A) was defective for intracellular survival [XREF_BIBR]."

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"Surprisingly, IFN is induced also by GAS lacking slo and sagA, the genes encoding cytolysins that were shown to be required for IFN production in response to other Gram positive bacteria."

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"SLO production by GAS is associated with cytotoxic injury to macrophages in vitro, and SLO has been reported to induce macrophage apoptosis, pyroptosis, and oncosis."

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"Damage was reduced in cells infected with GAS that produced wild-type SLO but enzymatically inactive NADase and was minimal in cells infected with SLO deficient GAS or with GAS producing SLO (Y255A)."

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"By engineering a GAS strain that produces SLO under the control of an inducible promoter, we found that the process of internalization could be inhibited by relatively small amounts of SLO."