IndraLab

Statements


| 9 8

reach
"The voltage dependent activation of HCN2 and HCN4 has been studied in HEK293 cells and different values for midpoint activation of HCN2 and HCN4 have been reported [XREF_BIBR - XREF_BIBR]."

sparser
"To test whether this hyperpolarized potential influences voltage-dependent activation of HCN4 channels, we recorded steady-state activation curves from different holding potentials (HP) corresponding to membrane potentials during the firing (−55 mV) and nonfiring mode (−65 and −75 mV)."

reach
"LRMP and IRAG were identified following an initial observation that the voltage-dependent activation of HCN4 is shifted to more depolarized potentials in a cAMP-independent manner and is not shifted further by exogenous cAMP when the channels are expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells (Liao et al., 2012)."

reach
"Binding here places CBD close to the charged residues of the voltage sensor (Fig. 5), a prime position from which to regulate HCN4 activation voltage dependence."

sparser
"Voltage activation of HCN4 is most dramatically depolarized by the presence of cAMP, whereas HCN1 is minimally cAMP-reponsive."

sparser
"LRMP and IRAG were identified following an initial observation that the voltage-dependent activation of HCN4 is shifted to more depolarized potentials in a cAMP-independent manner and is not shifted further by exogenous cAMP when the channels are expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells ( xref )."

reach
"Since CBD potentiates HCN4 channels by shifting voltage dependence and speeding activation, it must contain novel features or functional groups compared with these three plant metabolites.HCN channels have been found to be regulated by a variety of human-derived lipids, including phosphoinositides (Pian et al, 2006, 2007; Zolles et al, 2006; Flynn and Zagotta, 2011)."

reach
"Voltage activation of HCN4 is most dramatically depolarized by the presence of cAMP, whereas HCN1 is minimally cAMP-reponsive."

reach
"According to the concept of hysteresis, voltage-dependent activation of HCN4 is a history-dependent process, i.e., the position of the activation curve on the voltage axis (x-axis) is determined by long-lasting membrane potentials (Fig. 2B, C)."

sparser
"This shift would be smaller at voltages activating only HCN1 and larger at voltages which activate HCN4."

reach
"This positive effect of temperature on voltage-dependent activation of I and the HCN4 channel is anticipated by the activation kinetics of the currents that appears faster at higher temperature (e.g., Fig. 2a, b)."

sparser
"As quantified in Fig.  xref , cAMP shifted voltage-dependent activation of both wild-type HCN4 and variant HCN4 V759I channels to the same extent, that is by 10.3 ± 1 mV ( n  = 8) and 10.0 ± 0.9 mV ( n  = 8), respectively, starting from insignificantly different activation voltages prior cAMP application (values for V 1/2 of − 128.0 ± 3.7 mV and − 135.3 ± 2.5 mV for wild-type and variant HCN4, respectively, n  = 8)."

reach
"As part of our ongoing studies of HCN4 channel regulation, we set out to describe the effects of cAMP on the voltage dependent activation of full-length mouse HCN4 channels."

sparser
"From the observations described above we have therefore derived the hypothesis that the voltage-dependent activation of HCN4 shifts dynamically as a function of the membrane potential and that the hal[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

sparser
"Voltage-dependent activation of HCN4 is therefore a dynamic and history-dependent process xref – xref ."

reach
"From the observations described above we have therefore derived the hypothesis that the voltage-dependent activation of HCN4 shifts dynamically as a function of the membrane potential and that the hal[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

sparser
"According to the concept of hysteresis, voltage-dependent activation of HCN4 is a history-dependent process, i.e., the position of the activation curve on the voltage axis ( x -axis) is determined by long-lasting membrane potentials (Fig.  xref , xref )."