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RET activates AKT. 58 / 60
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"Following treatment with the drug combination, Akt phosphorylation was completely abrogated while, after dasatinib alone, Akt activation was not affected, confirming that Akt activation is driven by RET and not by the FAK and Src complex [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."

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"Protein RAS and fusion protein RET and PTC may activate the PI3K and AKT (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt) signaling pathway through the loss of function of PTEN [XREF_BIBR]."

sparser
"Also, interestingly, the ligand-induced activation of AKT by wild-type RET is dependent on the localization in lipid rafts, and this regulatory mechanism is bypassed by RET-MEN2A [30] ."

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"RET9 and RET51 activate PI3K and AKT and ERK signalling with different dynamics and have distinct abilities to recruit Src or Frs2, suggesting differential activation of downstream targetsby the two main RET isoforms."

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"In one scenario, RET phosphorylation induces SRC family kinases (SFKs) and PI3K and AKT activation and ultimately the upregulation of Mycn."

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"Interaction of RET protein with its ligands (glial cell derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), neurturin (NRTN), and artemin (ARTN)) and its co-receptors (GDNF receptor alpha proteins (GFRα1-4)) activates the Phosphoinositide-3-kinase-protein kinase B (PI3K-PKB/AKT), RAS mitogen-activated protein kinase (RAS/MAPK) and phospholipase Cγ (PLCγ) signaling pathways, which control the survival, migration, proliferation, differentiation, and maturation of the vagal and sacral neural crest cells into enteric neurons."

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"Additionally, RET- FAK crosstalk may play a key role in facilitating PTC1 and RET and GDNF- RET induced activation of Akt and MAPK signaling in TPC1 and MCF7 cells."

"The PKB Y315 residue, which is known to be phosphorylated by Src tyrosine kinase, was also a major site of phosphorylation by RET/PTC. RET/PTC-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation results in the activation of PKB kinase activity"

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"Previous studies have shown that a subset of ERalpha positive breast cancers express high levels of mRNA transcripts encoding RET and that RET signaling in ERalpha positive breast cancer cell lines can result in the activation of MAPK and AKT, which are important regulators of ERalpha phosphorylation [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."

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"We believe that the failure of Akt activation by Ret is a direct consequence of its inability to bind Shc, which has been shown to trigger Akt phosphorylation when bound to Ret ."

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"The activation of PKB by RET and PTC blocked the activity of the forkhead transcription factor, FKHRL1, but a Y315F mutant of PKB failed to inhibit FKHRL1 activity."

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"RET and PTC stimulates both the PI3K and AKT and the ERK pathways by recruiting several adaptors to phosphorylated Y1062."

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"This Ret dependent activation of Akt is an important characteristic of enteric neurons."

eidos
"Upon activation , RET is transphosphorylated at cytoplasmic tyrosine residues and triggers complex intracellular signaling cascades , Akt , MAPK , and c-Src signaling pathways , promoting the survival and regeneration of neurons ( modified from Airaksinen and Saarma , 2002 ) ."

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"The PI3K and Akt signaling can also be activated by RET and PTC or Ras."

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"Previous studies have revealed that RET activates the Raf and MEK and PI3K and Akt downstream signaling pathways, which in turn phosphorylate and activate ERK1/2 and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) proteins, respectively."

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"Furthermore, it is likely that cochlear neurons behave differently from nodose neurons, in which Ret but not NCAM activates PI3K and Akt signaling upon GDNF and GFRalpha1 stimulation."

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"The association of ShcD with RET is not an extraordinary finding for Shc family proteins since ShcC has been identified as a physiological substrate of the activated RET oncoprotein, which activates t[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"Ret is a potent activator of both PI3K and Akt and Ras and ERK, and the loss of cell bodies, axons, and reduced cell size in DAT-Ret mice suggest possible defects in PI3K and Akt and/or Ras and ERK signaling."

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"SPP86 may thus inhibit RET- mediated Akt activation in this cell line."

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"The association of ShcD with RET is not an extraordinary finding for Shc family proteins since ShcC has been identified as a physiological substrate of the activated RET oncoprotein, which activates the PI3K and AKT signalling pathway and promotes cancer cell survival XREF_BIBR."

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"RET and PTC, Ras, and receptor tyrosine kinase could dually activate the PI3K and Akt and MAPK pathways."

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"RET signaling can activate both the PI3K and AKT and MAPK and ERK signaling pathways through phosphorylation of tyrosine 1062 in RET."

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"Ligand activation of the RET kinase activates a cascade of signaling pathways, e.g., JAK, MAPK, c-Jun, NH2-terminal kinase, Ras/Raf/MAPK, NF-kappaB, and the PI3K and AKT pathways 31."

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"In addition, the proto-oncogene RET and PTC induces nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin in PTC by activating the PI3K and AKT and MAPK signaling pathways, but the precise mechanism underlying beta-catenin dysregulation in differentiated thyroid carcinoma remains unknown [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."

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"Proliferation of thyroid cancer cells OCUT1, K1, FTC133, C643, Hth7, and TPC1, which harbored PIK3CA, PTEN, Ras, or RET and PTC mutations that could activate the PI3K and Akt pathway, was potently inhibited by MK2206 with IC (50) values mostly below or around 0.5 mum."

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"Activation of the Ret kinase inhibits apoptosis and promotes survival through Ret induced AKT signaling, making apoptosis and survival of neurons dependent on the presence of GFRalpha receptors [XREF_BIBR]."

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"25 While RET activation principally induces the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, RET can also activate phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase and Akt (PI3K and Akt), janus activated kinase and signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK and STAT), and jun-N terminal kinase (JNK), among other pathways (XREF_FIG)."

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"RET stimulates MAPK and Akt and PKB signalling pathways, through Ras-Raf-Merk-Erk, Ras-PI3-K/Akt/PKB in vivo and vitro (Melillo et al, 2005; Mitsutake et al, 2006; Santoro et al, 2006)."

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"RET overexpression was shown to promote AKT activation, which is consistent with previous reports, however coexpression with ShcD inhibited this activation in the presence of GDNF."

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"RET activation triggers both MAPK and PI3K-AKT intracellular pathways (Santoro et al., 1994; van Weering and Bos, 1997)."

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"Dominant activating mutations of RET (Rearranged during Transfection) proto-oncogene have been identified in MTC, and constitutively active RET kinases activate the PI3K and Akt pathway [XREF_BIBR]."

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"IRS-1 coimmunoprecipitates with Ret and co-expression of IRS-1 results in the potentiation of Ret mediated activation of Akt (PKB), a bona fide effector of PI3-K."

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"Ret activates the Ras and Erk MAP kinase, PLCgamma-Ca + and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways, all of which are important for normal kidney development."

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"We believe that the failure of Akt activation by Ret Dok+ is a direct consequence of its inability to bind Shc, which has been shown to trigger Akt phosphorylation when bound to Ret [12]."

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"The deletion of asparagine 1059 (delN1059) and the substitution of leucine 1061 (L1061P), two Ret mutations identified in families affected by congenital megacolon (Hirschsprung 's disease), impair the binding of IRS-1 to Ret as well as Ret mediated Akt (PKB) stimulation."

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"Ret induces the serine/threonine kinase AKT and extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) signaling which mediate pro survival and neurotrophic activities."

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"RET signaling activates ERK or AKT signaling depending on context, but phosphorylation of p70S6 kinase is markedly increased in all cases."

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"(A) Inhibition of Akt activation by the Ret and Met tyrosine kinase inhibitor RPI-1."

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"The oncogenic RET has been shown to activate PI3K/AKT and RAS/RAF/MAPK dependent pathways, and its eventual activation of mTOR may constitute a common mechanism of tumor development."

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"Interestingly, SPP86 and PF573228 inhibited RET and PTC1 and GDNF- RET induced activation of Akt and MAPK signaling to a similar degree."

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"We observed, as we have previously described, that the presence of GAS1 reduces RET phosphorylation and inhibits the activation of AKT."

eidos
"Western blot analyses showed that RET inhibition abolishes AKT and ERK1 / 2 activation ( Fig. 5G ) ."

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"Ret WT activated the Akt signaling pathway maximally at 30 and 60 min of stimulation, while negative control Ret Y1062F and Ret Dok+ displayed very low levels of Akt activation at all time points stud[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"In MEN2 and NF1 syndromic cases, the RET and NF1inactivating mutations causes the activation of Ras/MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways (34)."

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"Finally, activation of the RET proto-oncogene can activate the PI3K and Akt pathway, and activating mutations of the RET protein are associated with both sporadic and hereditary MTC [XREF_BIBR]."

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"The small molecule inhibitor SPP86 is a selective inhibitor of RET tyrosine kinase, which induces PI3K and Akt and MAPK signaling that affects cell migration and differentiation."

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"RET activated PI3K and Akt and MAPK pathways play fundamental roles in the tumorigenesis and progression of thyroid cancer [14]."

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"Upon activation, RET is transphosphorylated at cytoplasmic tyrosine residues and triggers complex intracellular signaling cascades, Akt, MAPK, and c-Src signaling pathways, promoting the survival and regeneration of neurons (modified from Airaksinen and Saarma, 2002)."

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"TPC1 cells are a thyroid cancer cell line that contain a RET and PTC rearrangement that can activate the PI3K-Akt pathway; therefore, these complex observations may stem from the different gene expression profiles in the two cancer cell lines."

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"Stimulation of Ret51 expressing cells also fail to induce sustained activation of Erk-MAPK and can not activate PKB-Akt (XREF_FIG)."

"Overexpressed rai resulted in the potentiation of the ret-dependent activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (pi3k) and akt. The ret/ptc receptor tyrosine kinase that responds to glial cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor also phosphorylated akt tyrosine residue 315 promoting activation of akt"

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"RET stimulates MAPK and Akt and PKB signalling pathways, through Ras-Raf-Merk-Erk, Ras-PI3-K/Akt/PKB in vivo and vitro (Melillo et al, 2005; Mitsutake et al, 2006; Santoro et al, 2006)."

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"PF573228 also inhibited RET- dependent activation of Akt and ERK1/2 in MCF7 cells to a similar degree as SPP86."

sparser
"This Ret-dependent activation of Akt is an important characteristic of enteric neurons."

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"Western blot analyses showed that RET inhibition abolishes AKT and ERK1/2 activation."

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"Wild-type and truncated forms of RET and PTC activate the PI3K and AKT pathway leading to tumorigenesis [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."

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"Mammalian Ret on the other hand, has been extensively characterized and is known to activate a number of downstream signaling pathways including Ras and ERK, phosphoinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt, phospholipase C-gamma (PLCgamma), Janus kinase (JAK)/STAT, and ERK5, several of which have pro survival effects, most notably the PI3K and Akt pathway."