IndraLab
Statements
reach
"Interaction of RET protein with its ligands (glial cell derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), neurturin (NRTN), and artemin (ARTN)) and its co-receptors (GDNF receptor alpha proteins (GFRα1-4)) activates the Phosphoinositide-3-kinase-protein kinase B (PI3K-PKB/AKT), RAS mitogen-activated protein kinase (RAS/MAPK) and phospholipase Cγ (PLCγ) signaling pathways, which control the survival, migration, proliferation, differentiation, and maturation of the vagal and sacral neural crest cells into enteric neurons."
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"Previous studies have shown that a subset of ERalpha positive breast cancers express high levels of mRNA transcripts encoding RET and that RET signaling in ERalpha positive breast cancer cell lines can result in the activation of MAPK and AKT, which are important regulators of ERalpha phosphorylation [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."
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"In addition, the proto-oncogene RET and PTC induces nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin in PTC by activating the PI3K and AKT and MAPK signaling pathways, but the precise mechanism underlying beta-catenin dysregulation in differentiated thyroid carcinoma remains unknown [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."
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"25 While RET activation principally induces the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, RET can also activate phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase and Akt (PI3K and Akt), janus activated kinase and signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK and STAT), and jun-N terminal kinase (JNK), among other pathways (XREF_FIG)."
"Overexpressed rai resulted in the potentiation of the ret-dependent activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (pi3k) and akt. The ret/ptc receptor tyrosine kinase that responds to glial cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor also phosphorylated akt tyrosine residue 315 promoting activation of akt"
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"Mammalian Ret on the other hand, has been extensively characterized and is known to activate a number of downstream signaling pathways including Ras and ERK, phosphoinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt, phospholipase C-gamma (PLCgamma), Janus kinase (JAK)/STAT, and ERK5, several of which have pro survival effects, most notably the PI3K and Akt pathway."