IndraLab

Statements

Mycs binds CALM1. 75 / 75
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"To assess test–retest reliability and sensitivity to change, students (n=91) completed the CAM-MYCS at baseline and 1 week after exposure to information on lifestyle-related cancer causes or control information."
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"Construct validity was tested by comparing CAM-MYCS scores between cancer experts (n=25) and students (n=91)."
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"CAM-MYCS scores improved (fewer myths endorsed) among students exposed to information on cancer causes compared with the control group (p<0.001) and showed high test–retest reliability (r=0.90, p<0.001)."
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"With respect to behavioral and lifestyle factors, overweight or obese participants had higher CAM-MYCS median scores than those with normal BMI (p = ."
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"Cancer experts reported higher CAM-MYCS scores (fewer myths endorsed) than students (p<0.001)."
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"The factor structure of the CAM-MYCS was confirmed in the national sample and internal reliability was high (α=0.86)."
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"However, the focus of this study was to examine CC causation myths that were included in the validated CAM-MYCS [ xref ]."
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"The CAM-MYCS model was also significant (F = 6.85, p < ."
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"Inclusion of the CAM-MYCS alongside items assessing knowledge of actual cancer causes did not affect responses."
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"No significant differences were found in CAM-MYCS median scores based on smoking status, physical activity, or alcohol consumption (p = ."
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"The CAM-MYCS tool is a reliable and valid tool assessing beliefs in mythical causes of cancer, and it can be used alongside items assessing known causes of cancer."
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"Mean CAM scores were comparable between the groups, demonstrating the inclusion of the CAM-MYCS items did not affect responses to the CAM (CAM+CAM-MYCS: M=52.78, SD=24.60 vs CAM only: M=52.32, SD=23.79, p=0.65)."
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"This finding is consistent with previous literature, both employing and not employing the CAM and CAM-MYCS scales, in which smoking has emerged as the most widely recognized cancer risk factor [ xref – xref , xref ]."
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"Unmarried students had higher CAM-MYCS median scores than their married peers (p = ."
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"We also examined the associations of CAM and CAM-MYCS with cancer-related health behaviours."
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"Participants who were 18 years old had significantly higher CAM-MYCS median scores than those in older age groups (p = ."
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"In our study, married participants demonstrated significantly higher scores on the CAM scale, while single participants performed better on the CAM-MYCS scale."
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"The mean score of responses to the CAM items was 70.72 ± 21.8, while the mean score of responses to the CAM-MYCS items was 10.25 ± 14.42 ( xref )."
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"Students from the midwifery department had lower CAM-MYCS median scores than students in departments other than audiology (p = ."
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"Our strengths include use of validated tools (CAM, CAM-MYCS), which were culturally adapted, and the large sample size."
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"In contrast, the low mean CAM-MYCS score reflects poor ability to accurately reject mythical causes of cancer."
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"Cancer beliefs assessed using the Cancer Awareness Measure (CAM) and Cancer Awareness Measure Mythical Causes Scale (CAM-MYCS) (both validated tools)."
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"072 for CAM-MYCS) suggests that additional unmeasured factors—such as psychological, cultural, or informational influences—may also play a role."
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"The regression model for CAM-MYCS revealed that lower grade level and higher BMI were significant predictors of increased awareness of mythical cancer risk factors."
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"First-year students scored higher on the CAM-MYCS than those in the second, third, and fourth years (p = ."
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"The CAM-MYCS was developed using iterative mixed-methods, it is possible that it does not reflect all common beliefs in mythical causes of cancer held by the public."
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"We used a series of iterative studies to demonstrate the reliability and validity of the CAM-MYCS measure in assessing beliefs in mythical causes of cancer among the general public."
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"Regression analysis revealed that CAM scores were significantly predicted by academic year, being in the normal Body Mass Index (BMI) spectrum, and by having attended an oncology course (R² = 0.142; p < 0.001), whereas CAM-MYCS scores were predicted by academic year and high BMI values (R² = 0.072; p < 0.001)."
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"Of importance to public awareness campaigns and the evaluation of interventions, the CAM-MYCS measure can be used alongside the CAM without concerns that CAM responses will be affected."
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"The CAM-MYCS item most accurately identified by participants as not being a proven cancer risk factor was physical trauma, such as being hit or crushed (38.1%)."
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"The CAM-MYCS was prepared by reducing items using (a) an online sample (n=527) with exploratory factor analysis and (b) cancer experts with Delhpi methodology (n=13)."
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"Fewer than 10% of participants correctly rejected the following CAM-MYCS items as cancer risk factors: genetically modified foods (1.3%), artificial sweeteners (2.2%), foods containing additives (2.6%), stress (2.8%), electromagnetic frequencies (3.6%), aerosol sprays (8.4%), and power lines (9.2%)."
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"The preference for alternative medicine was also associated with lower CAM and CAM-MYCS scores."
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"01 ) indicated that differences in scores were linked to the CAM-MYCS."
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"Coefficients (see xref ) indicated the contribution of scores on CAM-MYCS to the variations in the CASS."
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"Awareness information is sufficient if it addresses both common beliefs and recent beliefs identified on the CAM-MYCS."
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"Overall, the percentage of correct responses for all other CAM-MYCS items, except for the physical trauma item, remained below 18% ( xref )."
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"Campaigns should address both traditionally accepted causes on the CAM and the causes on the CAM-MYCS which are increasingly gaining support."
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"Male sex, higher education, and medical occupation survey profile were positively associated with higher CAM-total, CAM, and/or CAM-MYCS scores (supplementary table B)."
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"Fewer than 18% of participants correctly identified all CAM-MYCS items—excluding the physical trauma item—as myths, a figure even lower than those reported in previous studies that also documented limited awareness of cancer-related misconceptions [ xref , xref , xref ]."
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"The causes listed in the CAM-MYCS are popular with the public but not adequately addressed by awareness campaigns."
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"Therefore, we used the CAM and CAM-MYCS measures, previously validated in the UK, which have a similar structure (with five possible responses rather than the four option ABC measure). xref xref Owing to the online administration of the survey, only people with internet access could respond to it, which raises the possibility of selection bias."
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"One plausible explanation is the generalized perception that “everything causes cancer,” a cognitive bias that may lead participants to endorse items on both the CAM and CAM-MYCS scales without critical evaluation [ xref ]."
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"No significant differences in CAM-MYCS median scores were found based on participants’ gender, income level, or having a first- or second-degree relative diagnosed with cancer (p = ."
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"At the time of the study, the CeCAM and CAM-MYCS were not available in Arabic and had also not been formally validated in an Arabic version."
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"We aimed to develop a reliable and valid measure to assess public beliefs in mythical causes of cancer: the Cancer Awareness Measure–MYthical Causes Scale (CAM-MYCS)."
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"Mythical beliefs may emerge over time, and therefore a revision of the CAM-MYCS may be needed in the future."
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"Furthermore, CAM-MYCS survey contains items that currently have no consensus and compelling evidence on their causal relationship with breast cancer, thereby, there is a possibility that future research may affirm a causal link for some items that regarded as myths."
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"Data were collected using a Personal Information Form, the Cancer Awareness Measure (CAM) and Cancer Awareness Measure – Mythical Causes Scale (CAM-MYCS), which evaluates belief in widely held but scientifically unsubstantiated cancer causes (e.g., microwave ovens, stress, artificial sweeteners, electromagnetic frequencies)."
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"Confirmatory factor analysis including both CAM and CAM-MYCS items suggested a two-factor solution provided a better fit than a one-factor model (difference χ 2 (1)=1302.6, p<0.001)."
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"We aimed to (a) identify beliefs about mythical causes of cancer held within the general public and (b) develop a reliable and valid tool to measure belief in these mythical causes: the Cancer Awareness Measure –Mythical Causes Scale (CAM-MYCS)."
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"Additionally, the use of validated tools, BoCAM and CAM-MYCS, enhances the reliability of the collected data."
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"This resulted in a final list of 12 items to be included in the CAM-MYCS tool ( xref )."
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"However, only non-medical students who received information on lifestyle-related cancer causes after baseline assessment improved their CAM-MYCS scores at follow-up compared with non-medical students in the control condition (F(1,68)=18.47; p<0.001), indicating the measure is sensitive to change (intervention group: M=62.0, SD=31.0 vs control group: M=41.4, SD=27.6; t(68)=2.94, p=0.005)."
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"Correlation between CAM and CAM-MYCS scores."
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"The group completing both the CAM-MYCS and CAM measures were similar to those completing the CAM measure only ( xref )."
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"The CAM-MYCS measure had a low refusal rate (3.9%), indicating acceptable length and content."
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"Test–retest reliability was high for the control group completing the CAM-MYCS measure at baseline and 1-week follow-up (r=0.90, p<0.001)."
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"The average CAM-MYCS scores for cancer experts was higher than the non-medical students at baseline (M=78.3, SD=24.4; vs M=47.3, SD=26.0; t(93)=5.22, p<0.001)."
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"This indicates the CAM-MYCS successfully distinguishes between groups known to have different levels of knowledge."
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"A significant moderate negative correlation was found between the CAM and CAM-MYCS scales (r = –."
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"Items belonging to the CAM and CAM-MYCS measures loaded onto the appropriate factors ( xref )."
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"The CAM-MYCS model was significantly improved following the removal of the item ‘physical trauma’ (difference χ 2 (1)=71.52, p<0.001), yielding good fit statistics (BIC=38 709.9, GFI=0.992, RMSEA=0.067, 95% CI 0.065 to 0.070)."
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"The final 12-item CAM-MYCS measure had good internal reliability (Cronbach’s α = 0.86)."
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"The inclusion of the CAM-MYCS items alongside the CAM assessment did not influence awareness of actual cancer causes."
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"The CAM-MYCS can be embedded within these evaluations to examine if myths are being adequately addressed by such campaigns."
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"Separately, we have reported the prevalence of CAM-MYCS items, their sociodemographic correlates and tested for associations with cancer prevention behaviours. xref Briefly, participants showed poor awareness of factors not causally linked with cancer, with only a third of mythical cancer causes identified correctly."
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"Result of regression analysis of CAM and CAM-MYCS associated factors."
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"There are limitations with the CAM-MYCS tool."
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"A moderate negative correlation was observed between CAM and CAM-MYCS scores (r = −0.511; p < 0.001), indicating that increased awareness of real causes is associated with decreased belief in myths."
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"For instance, there is some preliminary evidence of a weak association between certain forms of cancer and mobile phone use xref and non-ionising electromagnetic radiation more generally. xref However, the extent to which this is causal is still debated. xref If scientific consensus changes, the CAM-MYCS should be adapted to reflect the latest evidence."
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"It is therefore possible that the CAM-MYCS measure does not reflect all common beliefs in mythical causes of cancer held by the public."
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"For example, an England study utilized CAM-MYCS survey, showed that being younger or white was associated with a higher level of knowledge of breast cancer risk factors."
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"Beliefs about risk factors may vary by cancer site xref ; this may not be captured by the CAM-MYCS, and site-specific versions could be developed in the future."
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"Cohen’s f² was 0.165 for the CAM model and 0.078 for the CAM-MYCS model. ( xref )."
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