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"In both rat and mouse cortical neurons, leptin induced neuroprotection was fully antagonized by Paxilline (Pax, 0.01-1 muM) and Iberiotoxin (Ibtx, 1-100 nM), two blockers of Ca 2+ - and voltage activated K + channels (Slo1 BK channels), with EC 50 s (38 +/-10 nM and 5 +/-2 nM for Pax and Ibtx, respectively) close to those reported for Pax- and Ibtx induced BK channel blockade; the BK channel opener NS1619 (1-30 muM) induced a concentration dependent protection against NMDA induced excitotoxicity."