IndraLab
Statements
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"Further investigation with the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed those up-regulated genes could cause the activation of the IFN-induced pathway, type II interferon signaling pathway, and regulation of protein ISGylation by the ISG15 deconjugating enzyme USP18 pathway (Figure 4B)."
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"Notably, PBMCs infected with moderate EV-A71 showed a stronger response than the mild and severe isolates, specifically interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15), viperin (RSAD2), ubiquitin specific peptidase 18 (USP18), interferon alpha inducible protein 27 (IFI27), and guanosine monophosphate reductase (GMPR) (Fig. 3c)."
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"Interestingly, this enhanced type I interferon signalling has not been observed in mice (Box 1), raising interesting questions about the divergent function of ISG15 between species.The regulation of interferon signalling by ISG15 and USP18 also contributes to the unexpected proviral activity for ISG15 that has been associated with chronic viral hepatitis."