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"Casey et al revealed that the MYC oncogene can regulate the antitumor immune response by directly binding to the promoters of the CD47 and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) genes. xref Interleukin (IL)-6 has been demonstrated to upregulate CD47 expression on hepatoma cells by activating the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway. xref In addition, LMP1 upregulated c-myc via IL-6 induction followed by Jak3/STAT3 activation xref and it also upregulated PD-L1 via the STAT3, activator protein (AP)-1, and nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B pathways. xref Therefore, we infer that LMP1 may upregulate CD47 expression via the c-myc/IL-6/STAT3 pathway."