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CTNNB1 decreases the amount of CTNNB1. 199 / 279
43 | 199

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"Interestingly, the precipitated LEF-1 level decreased significantly with the decrease in the expression of β-catenin induced by β-catenin knockdown ( Fig. 5 G)."

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"To determine whether DADS prohibits β-catenin from entering the nucleus through inducing the binding of RORα to β-catenin, besides downregulating the total β-catenin expression, the interaction between RORα and β-catenin was assessed in cells incubated with DADS for 12 h."

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"Moreover, there is a complementary sequence region on the 3′-UTR of β-catenin, which is predicted to bind specifically to miR-150-3p and reduce the level of β-catenin."

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"Western blot analysis confirmed that miR-874-3p mimics can obviously suppress the expression of WNT3A, β-catenin and ABC in hPDLF while WNT3A overexpression vector can restore the expression levels of WNT3A, β-catenin and ABC proteins by strikingly promote the expression of WNT3A, β-catenin and ABC in hPDLF (Fig. 4A)."

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"17,26,36 These CTNNB1 mutations block phosphorylations by GSK3B that are required for CTNNB1 degradation.The protein expression of CTNNB1 in human colorectal epithelial neoplasms has been examined pri[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"Β-catenin shRNA down-regulated β-catenin and MDR1 expressions while β-catenin overexpression up-regulated β-catenin and MDR1 levels ( Fig. 3 C- 3 F)."

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"Specifically, β-catenin signalling suppresses PGK1 expression, while PGK1 signalling stimulates β-catenin protein expression and β-catenin-dependent transcription in mock-infected cells."

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"It was found that si-CTNNB1 could reduce the expression levels of beta-catenin and N-cadherin but increase that of E-cadherin."

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"In addition, siRNA-mediated β-catenin knockdown prominently intensified the resistomycin-induced apoptosis of CRC cells and inhibition of β-catenin and downstream c-Myc protein levels."

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"This species of β-catenin undergoes nuclear translocation to activate Wnt target genes and is appropriately active β-catenin.The effect of FQI2-34 on active β-catenin was specifically examined with th[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"11 As shown in XREF_FIG, the beta-catenin siRNA (sibeta-cat) decreased beta-catenin expression by 65.6% compared with the levels in the scramble siRNA (siScr)-transfected islets."

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"Data supporting formation of this ternary complex in vivo include the observation that the CH3 domain alone, or a beta-catenin fragment consisting of arm repeats 11 and 12 and the CT, can inhibit beta[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"Relative to the control, beta-catenin shRNA substantially decreased the expression of beta-catenin."

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"Similarly, short peptide inducers of beta-catenin destruction complex condensates have been shown to reduce the levels of beta-catenin in cellular and in vivo models of colorectal cancer (Bernkopf et al., 2019; Miete et al., 2022)."

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"Another study demonstrated that total β-catenin and nuclear β-catenin expression were significantly decreased and phosphorylated β-catenin expression was increased after Uba2, an important component of the E1 activating enzyme, was knocked out (71)."

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"Various beta-catenin and TCF inhibitors, most of them belonging to low molecular-weight inhibitors, downregulate the expression of beta-catenin and TCF-responsive genes and disrupt the interaction of element binding protein (CBP) with beta-catenin [XREF_BIBR] or disrupt beta-catenin and TCF complexes directly [XREF_BIBR]."

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"Finally, our results suggest that promoting degradation and blocking production of beta-catenin synergistically reduce beta-catenin levels under pathological conditions and that a combinational therapy could be a promising approach for the treatment of cancer patients."

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"In the absence of a Wnt signal, the beta-catenin level is constitutively decreased by a beta-catenin degradation complex, including axin, adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), casein kinase I and GSK-3beta [XREF_BIBR]."

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"Immunoblot analysis revealed that beta-catenin expression was repressed by beta-catenin shRNAs, and that expression of cyclin D1 was reduced."

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"XREF_FIG shows that CTNNB1 siRNA significantly reduced the beta-catenin expression compared with control siRNA."

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"Further evidence was provided by the observation that CTNNB1 siRNA reduced the beta-catenin expression and significantly blocked the radiosensitizing effect of BC-23 in H1299 cells (XREF_FIG)."

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"We found that the additional administration of the Wnt and beta-catenin pathway inhibitor XAV939 further inhibited the expression of beta-catenin and c-Myc."

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"As shown in Figure XREF_FIG, the increased expression of beta-catenin and its target gene c-Myc by DANCR was inhibited by beta-catenin siRNA in GC cells."

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"The systemic administration of beta-catenin antisense oligonucleotides down-regulates beta-catenin expression in vivo in human colon cancer xenografts in nude mice."

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"Following experiments showed that tiRNA-Val-CAC-001 could downregulated the protein levels of LRP6 and beta-catenin, but up-regulated p-beta-catenin, which confirmed the findings in bioinformatics analysis."

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"Specifically, DNA mutations in CTNNB1 and FOXO3 genes were serially induced by the direct delivery of ribonucleoprotein Cas9 complex to block the expression of β-catenin and FOXO3 proteins."

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"Secretion of beta-catenin on exosomes was suggested to reduce the intracellular pool of beta-catenin and Wnt signaling levels (Chairoungdua et al., 2010)."

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"As a positive control, the cyclin D1 gene expression, induced by beta-catenin XREF_BIBR, was downregulated 6-24 h post Zn-induction, confirming inhibition of the Wnt pathway via expression of wt-Apc and reduced beta-catenin levels."

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"First, inhibition of beta-catenin expression by transient transfection of beta-catenin siRNAs in 293 cells (expressing high levels of UCH L1) : XREF_FIG shows that a reduction of beta-catenin expression by both siRNAs resulted in decreased levels of endogenous UCH L1 protein."

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"Although miR-34a-5p and miR-200a-3p were not selected in the screening (fold change ratio = -0.265 and -0.093, respectively), we also evaluated their regulatory activity as they were among the first miRNAs described as beta-catenin regulators.16, 17 Nine out of 26 miRNA candidates significantly decreased beta-catenin protein expression in Huh6 cells, which carry the beta-catenin missense G34V mutation."

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"We also showed that activation of the Wnt and beta-catenin signal pathway by using lithium chloride (LiCl) significantly attenuated arginine induced upregulation of PPARgamma and increased the phospho-beta-catenin level."

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"Meanwhile, quantitative RT-PCR analysis of the β-catenin also showed that SB431542 treatment did not inhibit β-catenin mRNA level ( Fig. 4 C)."

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"Overexpression of NDRG1 and β-catenin further aggravated E-cadherin expression and significantly suppressed Vimentin and β-catenin levels compared with overexpression of NDRG1 alone ( Fig. 4 M&N)."

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"Our data demonstrates that ML264 in DLD-1 and HCT116 cells decreased the levels of beta-catenin phosphorylated at serine 552 and additionally in HCT116 ML264 treatment reduced the levels of total beta-catenin (XREF_FIG)."

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"Three small molecules—inhibitor of β-catenin and TCF4 (ICAT), niclosamide, and XAV939—have been shown to strongly and specifically reduce levels of active β-catenin in vitro by inhibiting β-catenin stabilization and downstream β-catenin signaling (TCF/LEF reporter activity)."

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"In all cell lines tested, two beta-catenin siRNAs used in this study were able to reduce beta-catenin levels by 80-90%."

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"Additionally, beta-catenin siRNA molecules were successfully transfected into HSCs and induced inhibition of beta-catenin expression in a time dependent manner."

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"The mechanism involved 4 aspects : 1,25 (OH) 2D3 and VDR suppress transcriptional activity of beta-catenin and TCF, 1,25 (OH) 2D3 represses mRNA expression of the beta-catenin target gene of Gli1 but induces the beta-catenin target gene PADI1 in vitro, VDR ablation reduces beta-catenin target genes involved in hair differentiation in vivo, and 1,25 (OH) 2D3/VDR suppresses the transcriptional activity of beta-catenin and represses the mRNA expression of Gli1 [XREF_BIBR]."

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"In the absence of Wnt ligands, β-catenin phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and proteasome degradation, mediated by a β-catenin destruction complex, leads to low cytoplasmic β-catenin levels (Liebner and Plate, 2010)."

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"As shown in Fig. 4b, β-catenin knockdown effectively suppressed the expressions of β-catenin, c-Myc, and cyclin D1."

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"Beta-catenin or Gli1 siRNA was used to reduce beta-catenin or Gli1 levels and thereby inhibited Wnt and beta-catenin or Hedgehog and Gli1 pathway in DLD1 cells."

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"CTNNB1 shRNA dramatically reduced beta-catenin expression at mRNA and protein levels."

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"Depletion of RAD6B decreases beta-catenin polyubiquitnation and stability limiting beta-catenin transcription."

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"Moreover, VDR activation caused concomitant changes of expression levels and subcellular distribution of both FOXM1 and beta-catenin, i.e., predominantly reduced expression levels of nuclear FOXM1 and beta-catenin."

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"More importantly, pharmacological activation of Wnt and beta-catenin signaling restored the shear stress suppressed beta-catenin expression in LCSCs, and abolished the shear stress altered sphere forming ability, chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity, cancer stem cell marker expression, Young 's modulus and in vivo tumorigenicity potential of LCSCs."

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"We confirmed that CTNNB1 shRNA could diminish the expression of beta-catenin and c-myc in IHC analyses."

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"However, unlike colon cancer, increased beta-catenin in breast cancer does not seem to deregulate the beta-catenin and TCF-driven transcription in the canonical Wnt pathway XREF_BIBR XREF_BIBR."

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"RT-PCR results also showed that beta-catenin mRNA levels were inhibited by CTNNB1 shRNA compared with those in the mock group and NS shRNA group."

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"Beta-catenin siRNA effectively inhibits beta-catenin expression in HSC-T6 cells."

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"The beta-catenin siRNA used in the present study was able to reduce beta-catenin mRNA expression levels in HSC-T6 cells compared with the levels in the NG and CG (XREF_FIG)."

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"Semi-quantitative analysis of the qPCR and western blotting results (XREF_FIG) also revealed that beta-catenin siRNA reduced the expression levels of beta-catenin in HSC-T6 cells comapared with those in the NG or CG."

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"Wnt signalling can inhibit beta-catenin degradation and phosphorylation that is mediated by glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta) to increase the levels of beta-catenin, which can localize to the[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"To verify whether miR-206 would inhibit HCC development by targeting MET and CTNNB1 gene expression, we transfected HCC1 and HCC2 cells with MET or CTNNB1 gene overexpressing plasmid to restore c-Met or beta-catenin protein expression, respectively, after miR-206 mimic transfection (Fig. 4A and B)."

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"Due to the key role that the β-catenin signalling pathway has in the maintenance of AML, specifically the LSCs, we investigated whether the cytotoxic effect of NUC-7738 was due to inhibition of the β-catenin pathway.NUC-7738 caused a dose-dependent reduction in the protein levels of β-catenin in OCI-AML3, HL-60 and U937 cells following 48 hours treatment."

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"The exogenous V5 tagged beta-catenin was detectable in BCAS2 knockdown cells and restored the decreased beta-catenin expression (XREF_FIG, lanes 4-6)."

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"However in U251 cells, beta-catenin could not be regulated by mutant p53 and the downstream ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent degradation of beta-catenin was activated, which promoted p-beta-catenin Y333 expression in U251 cells."

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"In addition, PTX at doses of 0.8 and 1.2 micromol/L significantly increased beta-catenin protein expression and FH535 significantly decreased beta-catenin protein expression in SW620 cells."

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"Stimulation of β-catenin degradation by β-TrCP, an E3 ligase subunit, decreased active β-catenin levels which in turn suppressed the nuclear translocation of β-catenin."

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"The effect is more marked in RKO cells than in HCT116 cells, and we noted that in HCT116 cells, siRNA mediated CTNNB1 knock-down only partially reduced the levels of CTNNB1 (XREF_FIG), possibly due to the substantially higher levels of endogenous beta-catenin in HCT116 cells."

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"As shown in Fig. 6C-E, STEAP3-AS1 knockdown resulted in a decreased level of nuclear β-catenin, while STEAP3-AS1 overexpression increased the level of nuclear β-catenin."

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"Beta-catenin ECKO reduced the levels of active beta-catenin and the mRNA levels of Wnt target genes in mice, indicating downregulation of endothelial Wnt/beta-catenin signaling."

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"In the absence of activated Wnt signaling, beta-catenin is degraded, which ensures the maintenance of low levels of beta-catenin in the cytosol."

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"In contrast, beta-catenin knockdown inhibited mMSCs differentiation by decreasing beta-catenin expression, ALP activity, Runx2, Osterix, OCN expression and ARS staining density."

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"Inhibition of beta-catenin degradation blocked chondrogenesis [XREF_BIBR] and expression of stabilized beta-catenin in chondrocytes led to severe chondrodysplasia and dramatic inhibition of chondrocyte differentiation [XREF_BIBR], suggesting that Wnt and beta-catenin signaling is under strict regulation during chondrocyte differentiation and excessive signaling activity caused chondrogenesis defects."

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"It was observed that the beta-catenin siRNA was not able to completely abolish beta-catenin mRNA expression, leaving enough beta-catenin and reduced Wnt signaling to assist the beta-catenin : E and cadherin complex mediated homotypic cell aggregation."

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"miR-21 enhances colon cancer by directly inhibiting a negative regulator of the Wnt and beta-catenin pathway, TGFbeta-R2, which indirectly causes decreased levels of beta-catenin, c-Myc, and CyclinD1 [XREF_BIBR]."

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"The results of immunofluorescence staining showed that USP-15 silencing repressed the nuclear translocation of β-catenin ( Fig. 3 g) USP-15 knockdown downregulated the expression of β-catenin both in [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"Wnt ligand activation of β-catenin inhibits adipogenesis by inducing nuclear β-catenin expression and preventing the induction of C/EBPβ, C/EBPα, and PPARγ (Prestwich and Macdougald, 2007)."

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"Two β-catenin siRNAs successfully inhibited the protein level of β-catenin in CAL-27 cells (Fig. 5G)."

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"Beta-catenin siRNA was used to knockdown beta-catenin expression in AM-P cells and AM-L cells stimulated with IL-8."

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"Pharmacological inhibition of GSK3 or beta-catenin knockdown with shRNAs decreased the levels of phosphorylated-beta-catenin, ankyrinG, and voltage gated sodium channels at the AIS, both " in vitro " and " in vivo ", therefore diminishing neuronal excitability as evaluated via sodium current amplitude and action potential number."

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"It is therefore conceivable that GFI1B can also sequester these inhibitors, thereby liberating beta-catenin from their inhibitory effect, leading to increased beta-catenin target gene expression."

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"We found that doxycycline mediated induction of the two CTNNB1 shRNAs in TOV112D cells reduced CTNNB1 levels to about 50% of baseline (XREF_FIG), but no statistically significant effect on MYC transcript levels was seen."

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"UTR of CTNNB1 mRNA impedes the repressing effect of miR-214, 320a and 199a (Figure 1), increasing β-catenin expression and the stemness features of HCC cells [42]."

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"XREF_FIG, beta-catenin shRNA inhibited the expression of beta-catenin as measured by qRT-PCR."

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"As shown in Fig. 2 C, LiCl treatment resulted in the accumulation of β-catenin and treatment with resveratrol and LiCl did not reduce the level of β-catenin in P19 cells."

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"Further studies should be conducted to identify the role of β-catenin on inflammation.Chronic stresses decrease the protein levels of β-catenin ( Chen et al., 2012 ; Dai et al., 2020 ; Leem et al., 20[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"FZD could modulate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling as an upstream regulator, therefor its downregulation, as a result of circ_0017109 suppressing, decreased the level of β-catenin, non-phospho (active) β-catenin, cyclin D1 and c-Myc [26]."

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"E2F1 is a potent and specific inhibitor of beta-catenin and T-cell factor (TCF)-dependent transcription, and E2F1 deregulation suppresses beta-catenin activity in an adenomatous polyposis coli (APC)/GSK3-independent manner, reducing the expression of key beta-catenin targets XREF_BIBR."

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"Results demonstrated beta-catenin knock-down not only inhibited beta-catenin expression under high-glucose conditions (P < 0.01) but also resulted in a further degree of MALAT1 down-regulation (P < 0.01), suggesting that nuclear translocated beta-catenin might be involved in the progression of MALAT1 expression."

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"Rg1 can reduce β-catenin expression and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) phosphorylation in the cytoplasm and can further reduce the protein expression of β-catenin in the nucleus via Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) and other factors; in addition, the binding of β-catenin to the transcription factor TCF-4 in the nucleus is reduced and ultimately inhibits c-Myc gene expression, which results in the reduction of β-galactosidase expression [40] (Figure 6)."

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"To determine whether the downregulation of GSK3β in MDS-derived BM-MSCs leads to dysregulation of the downstream WNT signaling pathway, we studied β-catenin protein expression levels and the expressio[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"The beta-catenin protein level in both the AR-39-infected and normal uninfected cells was significantly reduced by the beta-catenin SiRNA treatment."

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"Β-catenin is a critical factor in the classical Wnt pathway, and studies have shown that Wnt5a antagonizes the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.20 Immunohistochemical staining revealed an increase in β-catenin expression after nerve loss, suggesting that denervation inhibits Wnt5a and promotes β-catenin expression (Figures 5G and 5H)."

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"In addition, our data demonstrated that beta-catenin mRNA expression was effectively reduced by beta-catenin siRNA, which subsequently suppressed MMC alpha-SMA and fibronectin levels."

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"This seems contradictory, since ectopic APC expression causes a phenotype resembling the one caused by overexpressed beta-catenin rather than reduced levels of beta-catenin."

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"Prevention of β-catenin degradation allows the cytoplasmic level of β-catenin to increase, causing increased translocation of β-catenin into the nucleus, which allows interaction with the TCF/LEF transcription factors leading to enhanced canonical Wnt target gene transcription [99]."

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"Consequently, beta-catenin small interfering RNA (siRNA) significantly down-regulated the level of beta-catenin expression in human melanocytes."

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"Mechanistically, Acp5 selectively bound and dephosphorylated β-catenin at serine (Ser) 33 and threonine (Thr) 41 in the cytoplasm, and then reduced the degradation of β-catenin, which enhanced the levels of β-catenin in the nucleus to promote fibroblast differentiation, proliferation and migration."

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"Further, a siRNAs mediated knock-down of beta-catenin in colon cancer cell lines suppressed beta-catenin levels and concomitantly decreased L1CAM expression."

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"Mechanistic experiments show that Acp5 is upregulated by TGF-β1 in a TGFβR1/Smad3-dependent manner, after which Acp5 selectively dephosphorylates p-β-catenin at Ser33 and Thr41 in the cytoplasm, reducing the degradation of β-catenin, by which the levels of β-catenin in the nucleus are enhanced, promoting fibroblast differentiation, proliferation and migration."

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"We also treated high beta-catenin expressing cell line, BxPC3, with XAV939, beta-catenin inhibitor and siRNA for beta-catenin to inhibit beta-catenin expression."

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"Western blotting analysis determined that hinokitiol suppressed MMPs and β-catenin expression stimulated with Licl in chondrocytes and hinokitiol suppressed β-catenin expression in normal chondrocytes[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"CLIP170 overexpression led to an increase in β-catenin protein levels, while CLIP170 knockdown reduced β-catenin protein expression."

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"These results suggest that FENDRR-mediated inhibition of fibroblast proliferation is likely via a reduction in β-catenin protein level.miR-214 is known to reduce the β-catenin expression in cancer cells [58,59,60]."
| PMC

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"To further examine the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, β-catenin siRNA was performed to reduce β-catenin expression and thereby inhibited Wnt/β-catenin pathway in HepG2 cells ( Fig. 4 A)."

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"Overexpression of FSTL1 increased the expression of phospho-LRP6, active β-catenin, β-catenin, and phospho-GSK3 in UUO-induced fibrotic kidneys, whereas neutralization of FSTL1 inhibited phospho-LRP6 and active β-catenin levels."

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"This was shown by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy whereby the addition of Pf-2545920 inhibited the translocation of beta-catenin to the nucleus at 10 muM, and at a higher concentration of 25 muM reduced the amount of total beta-catenin."

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"When released from cadherin in the absence of Wnt signaling, uncomplexed β-catenin is rapidly degraded by proteosomes, thereby inhibiting β-catenin target gene expression."

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"Destabilization of membrane bound beta-catenin reduces beta-catenin levels, likely due to the action of a functional beta-catenin destruction complex."

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"As shown in Fig. 6B, β-catenin expression was significantly downregulated by adenovirus Adsiβ-catenin in HeLa cells compared with the control (P≤0.05)."

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"Moreover, the degradation rate of beta-catenin was slowed down in the presence of CREPT after cycloheximide treatment, implying that CREPT affected the level of beta-catenin via a post-translational mode due to enhanced beta-catenin acetylation."

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"In agreement with previous studies [ 26 , 34 ], these results provide further evidence indicating that the expression of Emerin regulates β-catenin signaling.It has been reported that Emerin reduced n[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"Western blot analysis revealed that treatment with Ad-siβ-catenin reduced the protein expression of endogenous β-catenin (detected at 46 kDa) by more than 90% ( Fig. 1 B)."

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"We observed that beta-catenin siRNA reduced beta-catenin expression in the airways of mice with asthma (XREF_FIG)."

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"Collectively, beta-catenin siRNA effectively diminished beta-catenin expression in the chronic asthma mouse model."

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"Overexpression of KIF1A in LNCaP cells resulted in an increase in the intranuclear O-GlcNAcylation levels of OCT4 and β-catenin (Fig. 5J), while knockdown of KIF1A decreased intranuclear O-GlcNAcylation levels of OCT4 and β-catenin in LNCaP-AI cells (Fig. 5K)."

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"We found that the β-catenin expression increased in A549/DDP cells compared with that in the wild type H460 cells and reduced expression of β-catenin after the silence of BCL9 by shRNA induction in A5[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"Transfection of si-beta-catenin and XAV939 suppressed beta-catenin and Bcl-2 expression, and significantly enhanced ADM sensitivity and ADM induced apoptosis."

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"Beta-Catenin siRNA significantly altered the adherens junction complex and decreased beta-catenin protein levels."

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"Moreover, β-catenin antisense treatment decreased β-catenin expression and the tumour growth rate in colon carcinoma xenografts [34,35] ."

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"MiR-214 agomir and/or beta-catenin shRNA pGPU6-beta-catenin transfection significantly reduced beta-catenin expression, declined RUNX2 level, and attenuated OB differentiation in BMSCs."

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"As shown in XREF_FIG, beta-catenin specific siRNA, but not the scrambled control, reduced the expression of beta-catenin by> 50% in both PC and PC-PTC cells."

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"Treatment with 5-ASA and tropisetron (10 mg/kg) significantly reduced the expression of β-catenin and Cox-2 in comparison with the AOM/DSS group.As shown in Fig. 6 , expression of β-catenin (A) and Co[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"An antisense construct of beta-catenin that decreases the cellular level of beta-catenin can reduce IGF-1 receptor mediated enhancement of AR activity."

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"Moreover, depression of β-catenin via XAV-939 also diminished the protein level of β-catenin and total β-catenin but not PTK2 or GSK3 (Fig. 6A, B)."

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"Additionally, intracellular localization of β-catenin estimated using subcellular protein fractions from MDA-MB-231 cells revealed that shikonin treatment markedly reduced cytoplasmic and nuclear expr[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"The beta-catenin siRNA2 remarkably inhibited the expression of beta-catenin at mRNA and proteins levels in the human keloid fibroblasts."

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"The Western blotting analysis revealed that SLC6A6 knockdown resulted in upregulation of β-catenin, whereas SLC6A6 overexpression decreased β-catenin levels (Figure 6 C,D)."

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"The beta-catenin siRNA suppressed the expression of total and active beta-catenin (XREF_FIG)."

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"Conditional knockout of the gene encoding β-catenin, a critical component of the canonical WNT pathway, specifically from PV GABAergic neurons, causes ASD-like behaviour in mice , whereas Apc-knockout mice show increased β-catenin levels but also show ASD-like behaviours ."

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"The efficacy of beta-catenin siRNA to reduce beta-catenin protein levels was initially confirmed by western blotting of lysates following transfection of wild-type MPECs."

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"Immunostaining for β-catenin and phosphor-S6 showed that niclosamide suppressed β-catenin expression while the metformin suppressed mTOR activity in cancer tissue (Figure 6E,F)."

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"Β-catenin is an important factor in the Wnt signaling pathway, downregulation of COX-2 can decrease the expression of β-catenin, and the expression of COX-2 is positively correlated with the expression of β-catenin (Cai & Gao, 2021)."

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"In vitro, WIF1 suppresses beta-catenin expression in osteosarcoma cell lines and induces differentiation of primary human osteoblasts, and in primary human osteosarcoma samples, silencing of WIF1 is associated with increased proliferation, increased beta-catenin expression, and loss of differentiation, implying that de-repression of Wnt signaling plays a positive role in osteosarcoma pathogenesis."

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"Here, we found that ethanol feeding led to decreased SIRT1 expression and promoted β-catenin acetylation, which in turn suppressed the level of nuclear β-catenin; SalA administration reversed this pro[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"By western blotting RGD treatment increased levels of active β-catenin, which was blocked by ILK inhibition, thus supporting a role for the regulation of active β-catenin levels via ILK in primary human MSCs (Fig. 2B).3.3 EGF-induced activation of beta-catenin may be unique to MSCs."

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"Then, three pairs of si-beta-catenin were individually transfected into hADSCs; qPCR (XREF_FIG) and western blot (XREF_FIG) analyses showed that both the mRNA and protein levels of beta-catenin were significantly decreased by the transfection of three pairs of si-beta-catenin."

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"The present study extends those previous findings by showing that the activation of PKCalpha by a novel agonist, CGK062, promotes beta-catenin degradation in three cancer cell lines - PC3 (prostate cancer), SNU475 (hepatoma), and SW480 (colon cancer) -which display aberrant up-regulation of the intracellular beta-catenin level."

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"Potassium induced dendrite branching of hippocampal neurons in culture is enhanced by expression of dominant active beta-catenin, inhibited by the sequestration of beta-catenin, and, importantly, also inhibited by addition of a Wnt antagonist."

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"Therefore, in clinical practice, ELMO3 and P2RY12 related signaling pathways with higher drug sensitivity should be selected, and clinical efficacy will also be relatively improved.Combining Crocin and Sorafenib were highly effective in reducing hepaticβ-catenin overexpression and liver tumor and liver proliferation, withβ-catenin activation in tissue in up to 78% of hepatocellular carcinomas [57]."

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"We found that the treatment with RS-1 resulted in an increase in both the protein and mRNA expressions of β-catenin and C-myc in SGNs, while treatment with IWP-2 markedly reduced the expressions of β-catenin and C-myc in SGNs compared with the paclitaxel-only group (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) (Figures 4(b) and 4(f))."

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"Importantly, a mechanistic study revealed that JOSD2 binds to and decreases the ubiquitination level of catenin beta 1 (CTNNB1), a key component of Wnt signaling, thereby augmenting Wnt pathway transduction."

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"When Wnt ligands bind to their receptors, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is activated and the formation of the β-catenin destruction complex is inhibited, raising levels of free β-catenin ( Clevers and Nus[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"We found that the treatment with Wnt agonist RS-1 resulted in an increase in both the protein and mRNA expressions of β-catenin and C-myc in SGNs, while treatment with Wnt antagonist IWP-2 markedly reduced the expressions of β-catenin and C-myc in SGNs compared with the paclitaxel-only group."

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"Both the extent of beta-catenin and Cx43 colocalisation (merged pictures in XREF_FIG) and the levels of both beta-catenin and Cx43 (left panel in XREF_FIG) were significantly lowered by depletion of beta-catenin."

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"The results ( Fig. 2 B) revealed that DMH substantially decreased the percentage of pβ-catenin in the total β-catenin, while IP6 predominantly increased the amount of inactive β-catenin in the DMIG an[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"Importantly, co-expression of CTNNB1 with either Plxna1 , Nrp1, or Nrp2 in HEK293T cells also reduced levels of CTNNB1 levels (Figure 6F–G)."

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"WNT5a can activate WNT/beta-catenin signaling in the presence of Frizzled 4 receptor [11] , as FZD4 mRNA is present in granulosa cells [31] , our data show that WNT5a increased CTNNB1 abundance in LGK[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"In the cytoplasm and nucleus of breast cancer cells, the Wnt and beta-catenin receptor Frizzled-1 decreases beta-catenin protein expression and increases inhibition of the Wnt and beta-catenin signaling pathway, thus decreasing drug resistance in chemotherapy."

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"It was found that knockdown of LSINCT5 markedly inhibited the expression of β-catenin, and the enhanced β-catenin level further inactivated TCF4 and c-Myc expression."

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"Similarly, according to the immunoblotting and qPCR results, both the protein and mRNA levels of Wnt4, p-GSK3β, β-catenin, and α-SMA were significantly suppressed by Ori treatment and β-catenin downregulation (Figure 9E–F)."

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"NGF acted as an autocrine or paracrine regulator of beta-catenin which can decrease beta-catenin expression and affect the activation status of beta-catenin in ovarian cancer cells."

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"Previous evidence has suggested that miR-3619-5p targets β-catenin to inhibit β-catenin expression and β-catenin-mediated malignancy of NSCLC in vitro (18)."

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"Our work has found that the expression of FRAT1 and β-catenin was reduced in glioma tissues of tumor-bearing mice and there was a positive correlation between FRAT1 and β-catenin protein expression, which suggested that low FRAT1 inhibited the expression of β-catenin."

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"Beta-catenin antisense treatment decreases beta-catenin expression and tumor growth rate in colon carcinoma xenografts."

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"Meanwhile, it up-regulated the expression of CCND1, β-catenin, ColA1, and ALP that were down-regulated by siRNA knockdown of β-catenin."

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"Stabilization of β-catenin by the intracellular domain of VE-cadherin along the area of the junction can reduce the amount of free intracellular β-catenin that is available to enter the nucleus."

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"To confirm the role of beta-catenin and Wnt signaling in mediating myoblast phenotype induced by inhibition of GSK-3beta activity, we treated the cells either with beta-catenin RNAi to inhibit beta-catenin expression, or with DKK-1 (Dickkopf related protein-1), an established antagonist of canonical Wnt signaling."

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"Β-catenin activity was significantly repressed in heart tissues after CRS-3, as evidenced by increased β-catenin phosphorylation in Western blotting (Figure 6A,B) and reduced nuclear β-catenin expression in immunofluorescence assays (Figure 6C,D)."

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"More importantly, in ΔN and floxed ΔN mice the truncated form of the NF-κB inhibitor IκBα (ΔN) was integrated in-frame into the β-catenin (Ctnnb1) locus, which does not impair expression and activity of the β-catenin protein (Fig. S1B,C; Schmidt-Ullrich et al., 2001)."

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"More importantly, in ΔN and floxed ΔN mice the truncated form of the NF-κB inhibitor IκBα (ΔN) was integrated in-frame into the β-catenin (Ctnnb1) locus, which does not impair expression and activity of the β-catenin protein (Fig. S1B,C; Schmidt-Ullrich et al., 2001)."

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"To evaluate the role of the canonical Wnt pathway in DC differentiation, we regulated the level beta-catenin in HPC using two GFP expressing vectors : beta-catenin shRNA to block the expression of beta-catenin (XREF_FIG); and a vector containing mutant beta catenin, which is resistant to ubiquitination and degradation and thus induces activation of the Wnt pathway."

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"Knockdown of beta-catenin or treatment with BC2059 that disrupts binding of beta-catenin to TBL1X (TBL1) depleted nuclear beta-catenin levels."

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"Additionally, after CTNNB1 siRNA applied to reduce the beta-catenin expression, we found the EMT like morphology induced by heat treatment disappeared, and the differences in migration, EMT markers and transcription factors between heated and non heated SUM-1315 and ZR-75-1 cells also diminished."

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"The inhibition of TNKS sustained the life of axin and surged the extent of the devastation complex of β-catenin, which led decrease levels of β-catenin and increased the levels of phosphorylated β–catenin triggering inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin driven proliferation of cancer cells ."

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"Beta-catenin siRNA reduced mRNA and protein expression of beta-catenin in LoVo cells."

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"For both the lung and liver B16F10 tumors, a single dose of EnCore-R and CTNNB1 DsiRNA effectively reduced CTNNB1 mRNA levels."

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"614.32%, 367.31% and 654.88%; compared with the model group, SZRD group decreased the levels of Wnt3a, DVL-1, β-catenin and p-GSK3β/GSK3β by 74.57%, 27.47%, 63.09% and 77.05%; and SZRD + NF-κB activat[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"54, 6456–6462) and findings in other tissues had suggested such interactions as of possible pathophysiological relevance.Activation of Wnt signaling inhibits proteasomal β-catenin degradation to incre[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"Increased nuclear β-catenin expression in the PRP-1-treated JJ012 cells as demonstrated in immunocytochemistry and upregulated β-catenin protein expression in ALDH cells as determined by western blotting suggest that PRP-1 may directly induce the nuclear translocation of β-catenin.PRP-1 decreased the cytoplasmic expression levels of β-catenin; however, opposing effects were observed following treatment with the nuclear translocation inhibitor CGP57380, indicating the nuclear translocation of β-catenin following PRP-1 treatment."

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"That is nuclear beta-catenin is related high drug resistance and decreased expression of total beta-catenin."

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"The data showed that the mRNA expression of beta-catenin and CCND1 were effectively decreased by the beta-catenin siRNA, as compared with cells transfected with control siRNA in presence or absence of TSN."

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"Interestingly, RT-qPCR assays revealed a significant downregulation of the mRNA level of β-catenin (CTNNB1) in BC cells overexpressing LINC01089, indicating that the LINC01089-mediated inhibitory effect on β-catenin is largely mediated by transcriptional regulation (Figure 6B)."

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"The FLX inhibitory effect on β-catenin levels has been previously explained by its ability to inhibit NF-κB signaling in colonic epithelial tumor cells, hence yields a reduced expression of c-Myc and [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"Binding of Wnt/Wg proteins to frizzled cell surface receptors physiologically suppresses beta-catenin degradation allowing cytoplasmic and nuclear levels of beta-catenin to rise and activate transcrip[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"As shown in XREF_FIG, beta-catenin siRNA decreased beta-catenin mRNA levels (XREF_FIG, A) as well as protein levels (XREF_FIG, B) significantly."

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"Thus, the inhibitory effect of DON on β-catenin expression and β-catenin-dependent Wnt signaling was demonstrated.The cellular level of β-catenin is regulated and eliminated by the so-called β-catenin[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"We found that AGE dose-dependently (75–100 μg/ml) ( Fig. 3 A) decreased β-catenin protein expression but AGE did not decrease β-catenin protein expression until 48 h ( Fig. 3 B)."

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"These findings in the above-mentioned previous studies have been supported by suggestions of a decreased expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin in OSCC tumor cells when compared with control groups that had strong expressions of E-cadherin and β-catenin."

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"Beta-catenin antisense treatment decreases beta-catenin expression and tumor growth rate in colon carcinoma xenografts."

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"Moreover, the levels of androgen receptor (AR), dickkopf-1 (DKK-1), and beta-catenin in the HDPCs were assessed using PCR, indicating that NMN can significantly enhance the expression of VEGF, reduced IL-6 levels and suppress the expression of AR and DKK-1, and notably increase beta-catenin expression in DHT-induced HDPCs."

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"This was in contrast to previously used lipid nanoparticles used to deliver siRNA against CTNNB1 , which suppressed β-catenin expression, inhibited downstream signaling as demonstrated by the lack of [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"In early attempts to identify the function of APC, it was found that APC could directly interact with beta-catenin and decrease levels of cytoplasmic beta-catenin [XREF_BIBR - XREF_BIBR], whereas mutations of APC found in human colorectal cancer lead to accumulation of beta-catenin [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."

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"Dissociative β-catenin is then recognized by the E3 ubiquitin ligase-transducin repeat-containing protein (β-TrCP) and degraded via the ubiquitin-dependent proteasome pathway to maintain low levels of free β-catenin in the Wnt-off state (Stamos and Weis, 2013) (Figure 1)."

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"Differential alterations of positive and negative regulators of beta catenin enhance endogenous expression and activity of beta catenin in A549 non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells."

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"As shown in Fig. 4 A and 4B , silencing of β-catenin induced down-regulation of the protein expression of E-cadherin, vimentin, Slug as well as the mRNA expression of CTNNB1 and Slug."

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"To explore the possible role of beta-catenin, which normally is responsible for activation of LEF1 transcription, in palatogenesis, we treated normal palates undergoing EMT with sense and antisense (AS) beta-catenin oligonucleotide and found that AS beta-catenin significantly reduces beta-catenin protein levels compared with sense (XREF_FIG)."

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"Treatment with PD or a combination of PD and TMZ robustly suppressed the expression of active beta-catenin and c-Myc, which was reversed by the beta-catenin activator, SKL2001."

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"Fig. 3 B indicates that 100 nM LTB 4 stimulation for 24 h resulted in a 2.03-fold increase in β-catenin protein level compared with control (P < 0.05), while pre-incubation of cells with both LY294002[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"As shown in Fig. 5 A, transfection of β-catenin siRNA for 48 h reduced β-catenin protein level to 26% of control (P < 0.05), while transfection of non-targeting siRNA did not affect β-catenin protein [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"Intra-tumoral injection of Nanosac-siβ-catenin in combination with sorafenib (Fig. 7C) significantly reduced tumor weight (Fig. 7D, E) and β-catenin mRNA levels (Fig. 7F) compared to Nanosac-siCtrl."

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"These results suggested that 5HHMF upregulates E-cadherin that anchors beta-catenin in plasma membrane and cytoplasm, which in turn leads to decreased levels of beta-catenin in the nucleus of colon cancer cells."

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"Evaluation of β-catenin expression by immunohistochemistry revealed that sulindac treatment of APC Min mice decreased β-catenin levels by ≥50% in small intestinal tumors compared to untreated controls[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"And the increased expression of beta-catenin and its target gene c-Myc by DANCR was inhibited by beta-catenin siRNA in gastric cancer cells."

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"Binding of extracellular Wnt ligands to frizzled and LDL receptor related protein 5/6 (Lrp5/6) receptor pairs inhibits beta-catenin degradation thereby activating transcription of beta-catenin target genes [XREF_BIBR]."

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"Our study, utilizing cell fluorescence in HGG-27 and BGC-823 cells with stable knockdown of RPRD1A, revealed an increase in the nuclear import of β-catenin, indicating that RPRD1A can effectively inhibit the nuclear expression of β-catenin (Fig. 7b)."

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"We found that transfection of beta-catenin siRNA into DIXDC1 overexpressing cells significantly decreased the expression of beta-catenin and blocked the promotional effect of DIXDC1 overexpression on [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"It should be noted that the non-specific EP-induced increase in GFP observed in the epidermis is not observed in the gastrodermis.In summary, the β-catenin RNAi procedure efficiently reduces the level of β-catenin transcripts, up to twofold in both the epidermis (mainly apical) and the gastrodermis (apical and body column)."

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"Although the mechanisms of the anti-cancer activity of evodiamine have been well-studied, the precise mechanisms still remain unclear.It is known that the downregulation of WWOX leads to cytoplasmic β-catenin accumulation and the subsequent activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in HCC [4], while decreases in the activities of Akt and GSK-3β inhibit the expression of β-catenin."

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"Our findings have demonstrated that SALL4 triggers the Wnt and beta-catenin signaling pathway and shRNA induced SALL4 inhibition can decrease Wnt3a and beta-catenin expression at both mRNA and protein levels, suggesting targeting SALL4 may be a promising new strategy to block Wnt and beta-catenin signaling pathway and EMT to prevent tumor metastasis in ESCC."

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"Our results suggested that adiponectin negatively regulated the β-catenin signaling via promoting the GSK-3β-mediated degradation of β-catenin and downregulating the expression of the β-catenin coeffector TCF7L2 in pancreatic cancer cells."

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"Then, we found that the increased expression of active beta-catenin, but not p-GSK3beta, in HPP DPSCs with LiCl treatment was inhibited by beta-catenin siRNA."
| PMC

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"In Wnt/β-catenin signaling, it is well established that phosphorylation of β-catenin at S33, S37, and T41 and degradation via the destruction complex reduce nuclear β-catenin levels, thereby repressing the expression of β-catenin target genes [37]."

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"The activation of GSK3beta leads to the degradation of beta-catenin, which reduces the expression of beta-catenin [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."

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"It has been shown that curcumin and resveratrol inhibit breast cancer cell migration by inhibiting β-catenin nuclear translocation, attenuating the expression of β-catenin transcriptional targets including pro-EMT (epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition) factors, along with the increased formation of E-cadherin/β-catenin complex and suppressed expression of epithelial markers (Fu et al., 2014, Gu et al., 2020)."

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"Therefore, HDAC3 could be a key positive regulator of β-catenin stability in leukemic cells.There is evidence that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which inhibit the immunomodulatory enzymes cyclooxygenase-1/cyclooxygenase-2 (COX1/COX2), antagonize β-catenin expression and the stemness of leukemic cells [31,32,33,34]."

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"In the present study, beta-catenin knockdown by small interfering RNA in MDA-MB-468, a highly metastatic breast cancer cell line, inhibited the expression of beta-catenin, Oct3/4 (stemness), survivin (anti-apoptosis) and BCRP (drug resistance)."

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"The expression level of Axin2, a well-known transcriptional target of WNT signaling, was not decreased by cilium loss, suggesting that the decreased β-catenin activity in cilium-deficient tumor cells was still sufficient to activate expression of some β-catenin target genes."