IndraLab

Statements


| 19

sparser
"BAC2Clone (214 kb) covered a large region proximal to human CEACAM1 on chromosome 19, and two other BAC clones (BAC3 and BAC5; 138, and 211 kb, respectively) covered shorter regions flanking the human CEA-CAM1 gene."

sparser
"In summary, abuse of the inhibitory receptor CEA-CAM1 by viral and bacterial pathogens to gain access to host cells as well as the paternal/maternal conflict in which PSGs possibly are involved have probably strongly contributed to the divergent evolution of the CEA family."

sparser
"While N exon nucleotide sequences of CEACAM16, CEACAM18, CEA-CAM19 and CEACAM20 from different species cluster together, all other CEACAM N domain exon sequences of a given species are most closely related with the corresponding CEACAM1 sequence of that species, indicating that these genes were generated independently by multiple rounds of duplication of an ancestral CEA-CAM1 gene possibly followed by gene conversion events ( Figure 1A )."

sparser
"It will be interesting to observe the further elucidation of CEA-CAM function and the phylogenic diversification of these glycoproteins in light of their exploitation as pathogen receptors in multiple mammalian species."

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"A number of previous studies have implicated CEA-CAM1 in angiogenesis."

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"The observed dN/dS ratio of about 0.1 for the CEACAM16 N2 domain exons indicates a high selective pressure on the conservation of this domain while the dN/dS ratio of~1 found for CEA-CAM1 N domain exons suggests no selection at all."

sparser
"In addition, more distantly related CEACAMs (CEA-CAM16, CEACAM18, CEACAM19 and CEACAM20) of unknown function exist for which orthologs could be assigned in rodents and primates [5] ."

sparser
"The following oligonucleotide primers that detect murine CEA-CAM1 isoforms were used for detection: mouse CEACAM1, a common sense primer that detects both long and short isoform FP-5 0 -GCCATGCAGCCTCTA ACCCACC-3 0 ; and two antisense primers that detect specific isoforms, mouse CEACAM1-L BP-5 0 -CTGGAGGTTGAGGGTTTGTGCTC-3 0 and mouse CEA-CAM1-S BP-5 0 -TCAGAAGGAGCCAGACCCGCC-3 0 ."

sparser
"In a few species, such as mice (CEACAM1, CEACAM2), horses (CEA-CAM1, CEACAM43), bats (CEACAM1, CEACAMa) and opossum (CEACAM1, CEACAM114), two such genes were detected."

sparser
"This possibly links CEA-CAM1 to the Wnt signalling pathway which could explain CEACAM1's role in differentiation and tumour formation upon downregulation [36, 37] ."

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"The N-terminal domain of CEACAM1 is dispensable for enhancing insulin endocytosis, suggesting that the adhesive properties of CEA-CAM1 are not required in this context [32] ."

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"An almost steady accumulation of synonymous substitutions is observed for CEACAM114/CEACAM112 (ITIM) and CEA-CAM111 or CEACAM115 genes (ITAM) from opossum which indicates a lack of recent recombinations between these genes ( Figure 7B and 7C; only shown for CEA-CAM111)."

sparser
"Interestingly, CEA family members with N domains closely related to the corresponding CEA-CAM1 N domains, but with differently signalling cytoplasmic motifs, are found on granulocytes of humans (CEACAM3) and dogs (CEACAM28) [4, 17] ."

sparser
"Indeed, the 'L' isoform of CEACAM1 is a direct substrate of the IR, which phosphorylates CEA-CAM1 at Tyr-488, and this modification requires an intact Ser-503 residue in the cytoplasmic tail of CEA-CAM1 (reviewed in [31])."

sparser
"Furthermore, the expansion of PSG-like genes took place either close to CEACAM1, as in higher primates, or distal to the orthologous CEA-CAM gene cluster, as found in rodents ( Figure 3 )."

sparser
"Multispecies amino acid sequence comparison of the cytoplasmic regions of CEACAMs, therefore, allowed identification of sequence motifs which are indispensable for signalling of CEA-CAM receptors."

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"Therefore, we investigated that whether CEA-CAM1 expression was changed in TGFb-deficient mice, which have defects in the disappearance of MEE."

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"This might apply to humans and dogs where ITAM-like motif-bearing members (human -CEA-CAM3 and probably CEACAM4; dog -CEACAM25, CEACAM28, CEACAM30) are coexpressed with CEA-CAM1 in granulocytes."

sparser
"Surprisingly, the other conserved members of the CEA family (CEACAM16, CEACAM18, CEACAM19, CEA-CAM20) with identifiable orthologs have not so far been found outside the mammalian class (such as birds, amphibians, fishes; WZ, unpublished results)."