IndraLab

"111 GAL Galanin rs2156464 Signaling through either type 1 or type 2 receptors, GAL has numerous anti-inflammatory effects;[112][113][114][115] Consistent with PATHOS-D, multiple lines of evidence indicate GAL signaling is reduced in MDD;[116][117][118] GMAP, which is produced by cleavage of the same precursor as galanin, has direct antifungal activity 119 rs11531570 PDK4 gene expression is upregulated by IFN-a and by LPS and contributes to muscle glycogen breakdown and lactate accumulation; 120,121 conversely, PDK4 is inhibited by TNF-a via p38 MAPK and NF-kB signaling, leading to increased glucose oxidation;122 anti-inflammatory omega-3 fatty acids increase PDK4 in immature dendritic cells via enhanced PPAR-g signaling 123NPM1Nucleophosmin rs11134697 Functions as an endogenous 'alarmin' that activates proinflammatory cytokines;124-126 identified as a host virulence factor in viral infection; 127,128 may aid in HIV and HSV1 virus dispersal within cells; 129,130 complexes with, and inhibits, PKR, which has important antiviral properties 131 rs7183892 Embedding of USP genes in the copy number variable b-defensin cluster on chromosome 8p23.1 suggests a close tie with innate immunity; 132 USP3 is activated by IL-4 and IL-6 and has antiproliferative and apoptotic properties; 133 highly homologous USP17 necessary for type I IFN production in response to virus infection; 134 rs11531570 No specific immune or host defense functions identified."