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TGFB1 phosphorylates SMAD2. 618 / 626
5 | 3 223 377 9 1
sparser
"Neither R(-)efonidipine (10 µM), selective T-type CCB, nor nifedipine (10 µM), selective L-type CCB, efficaciously inhibited both TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation and [(3)H]-leucine incorporation."
21897055
sparser
"Exposure of SHED to TGF-β1 rapidly stimulated Smad2 phosphorylation within 5-10 min of exposure, with a maximal stimulation at 30 to 60 min of incubation as analyzed by PathScan p-Smad2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) ( xref )."
33148869
reach
"TGF-beta1 treatment also induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 and up-regulation of ALK5 protein, TIMP-1, and alpha2 type 1 collagen gene expression in isolated myofibroblasts."
21465486
reach
"In contrast, native TGF-beta1 induced only transient Smad2 phosphorylation for only one day, suggesting that pathway activation is critically dependent on TGF-beta1 presentation."
21864893
sparser
"Concurrently, SB431542 effectively suppressed TGF-β1-induced SMAD2 phosphorylation in BV-2 microglia (Fig. xref )."
20429874
rlimsp
"Both Smad2 and Smad3 were phosphorylated in response to TGF-beta1 beginning at 5 minutes, with maximal phosphorylation at 15 minutes, and decreasing phosphorylation by 2 hours."
10504488
sparser
"Therefore, lower concentrations of SB were tested to identify concentrations that only inhibit TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation ( xref )."
33691102
sparser
"Apigenin, a natural product belonging to the flavone, decreases VEGF expression by selectively inhibiting TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3, further supporting the functional involvement of TGF-β in angiogenesis [ xref ]."
29051866
sparser
"Overexpression of syntenin in stable JMJD3-knockdown BZR cells significantly recovered down-regulated TGF-β1-induced Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation and cell migration (Fig. xref )."
33637682
sparser
"We could clearly show that silencing of TIMP3 as well as of betaglycan strongly attenuated TGF-β2-dependent but not TGF-β1-dependent phosphorylation of Smad2 and of Smad3."
31835434
reach
"Furthermore, SMAD2 phosphorylation was triggered by TGF-beta1 and inhibited by A12286."
32993110
sparser
"Phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 by TGF-β1 was not inhibited by RGZ or CGZ."
20178607
reach
"We found that TGF-beta1 caused Smad2 phosphorylation between 0.5 and 1 h of exposure in endothelial cells."
16645187
reach
"TGF-beta1 stimulation leads to phosphorylation of the transcription factors Smad2 and/or Smad3, which form a complex with Smad4."
28052022
sparser
"Smad2 and Smad3 were phosphorylated by TGF-β1 or TGF-β3 in OS-RC-2 cells, but only weakly by TGF-β2 (Supplementary Figure xref )."
29391598
reach
"In summary, our results demonstrate that TGF-beta1 simultaneously induces Smad2 and MAPK phosphorylation followed by ROS (most likely H 2 O 2) and TIMP-3 gene expression in articular chondrocytes."
15203191
sparser
"TGFβ1 induced Smad2 phosphorylation, and blockade of Smad2/3 prevented both the TGFβ1 modulated IL-6 increase and the decrease in IL-8 production in asthmatic and non-asthmatic cells."
20607798
reach
"AUF1 overexpression significantly increased phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 induced by TGF-beta1."
28986222
reach
"In VSMCs, TGF-beta1, via ALK5, increases phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3, which bind to Smad4."
19088845
sparser
"Compound 67 inhibited TGF-β1-induced smad2 phosphorylation, suppressed TGF-β1-induced EMT markers, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9, and inhibited migration and invasion of A549 cells."
30216515
reach
"Therefore, SB-505124 also inhibits both TGFbeta1 induced Smad1/5 and Smad2 phosphorylation and gene expression in intact cartilage, whereas LDN-193189 does not."
28569204
reach
"TGF-beta1 significantly activated the phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3, whereas omentin-1 at a concentration of 200ng/mL inhibited the phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3."
32375640
reach
"TGF-beta1 activates type I receptor phosphorylated (p-) Smad2, which interacts with Smad3 and Smad4 and then translocate to the nucleus for active transcription of fibrotic related genes, such as Collagen Type I alpha 1 Chain (COL1A1), Collagen Type III alpha 1 Chain (COL3A1), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and fibronectin."
33760134
sparser
"The vitamin D analogue, paricalcitol attenuates TGF-β1 induced Smad2 phosphorylation and upregulation of the Notch ligand Jagged-1, ACTA2 and thrombospondin-1 and prevented the TGF-β1-mediated loss of E-Cadherin [ xref ]."
27107790
sparser
"Commonly, TGF-β1 induces phosphorylation of Smad2 within a few minutes of stimulation."
23937725
sparser
"Of note, the protein levels of Smad2/3/4 and pSmad2 were significantly increased in the RKO cells as compared to the FHC cells, which implied that TGF-β1 markedly induced Smad2 phosphorylation of RKO cells."
27959430
sparser
"Increased TGF-β1 in ZO SMCs activates the phosphorylation of Smad2 which upregulates Nox4 NADPH oxidase and causes SERCA oxidation."
20724704
sparser
"In our hands, CX-4945 dose-dependently inhibited the TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and nuclear translocation of cytosolic Smad2/3."
24023938
sparser
"Furthermore, TGF-beta1 induced the phosphorylation of Smad2 at both the linker and C-terminal sites."
20818498
sparser
"We identified 2.5 μM SB or 10 μg/mL pan-TGFβ-neutralizing antibody to be optimal concentrations to inhibit TGFβ1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation ( xref and xref )."
33691102
reach
"To investigate whether HGF interferes with Smad-2 phosphorylation and activation triggered by TGF-beta1, NRK-49F cells were pretreated with HGF for 30 minutes before incubation with TGF-beta1."
12875981
sparser
"In contrast, overexpression of miR-615-3p resulted in a significant increase in TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 (Fig. xref b), suggesting that miR-615-3p could function as a positive regulator of Smad2 and Smad3 activation in response to TGF-β1."
32336285
reach
"To verify this point, we next examined the phosphorylation of Smad2 in response to TGF-beta1."
11438473
sparser
"Following the TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3, these proteins have been shown to localize to the nucleus and form a complex with Smad4, which mediates pro-fibrotic gene expression ( xref )."
27909731
bel
"BMP receptors activate Smad1, Smad5, and Smad8 (called BR-Smads in this review) whereas Smad2 and Smad3 are phosphorylated by the activin of Tgfbeta recepetors ALK3 and ALK6 can activate all three BR-Smads but ALK2 only phophorylates SMAD1 and SMAD5"
12829249
sparser
"CIRP overexpression did not change TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3, indicating that CIRP does not regulate Smad-dependent pathway ( Fig. 4 F)."
27395339
reach
"The Western blot demonstrates that TGF-beta1 present in Pool 2 of the mock purification triggered Smad2 phosphorylation in a concentration dependent manner, and activation of LAP-TGF-beta1 generally increased Smad2 phosphorylation."
23119075
reach
"TGF-beta1 signals via a heteromeric complex of type II and type I TGF-beta receptors that activates the canonical Smad pathway by TbetaRI mediated phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3."
21282335
sparser
"TGFβ1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation was significantly increased in VSMCs treated with BGJ398 after 30 and 60 min (Figure xref D); this increase was prevented by co-incubation with SB431542 (Figure xref D)."
29016732
sparser
"Transforming growth factor-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 was markedly decreased in VASH2 knockdown cells while the expression of Smad2 and Smad3 was unchanged."
28064471
sparser
"TGF β -induced phosphorylation of Smad2 was observed in both the cell lines ( xref )."
25756394
sparser
"TGF-β1 induced phosphorylation of Smad2, Smad3, p38 and ERK1/2 proteins in both control MEFs and prostate fibroblasts."
25374926
reach
"We found that TGF-beta1 induces phosphorylation of Smad2 in PC-3 cells and PMOs but not in MDA PCa 2b cells (XREF_FIG)."
22173053
reach
"TGF-beta1 signals through the canonical Smad signaling pathway involving TGF-beta receptor mediated phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 (p-Smad2/3), which form complexes with Smad4 and translocate to the nucleus to regulate gene transcription XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR."
30245857
sparser
"Importantly, inhibition of the clathrin-independent, lipid raft pathway, but not of the clathrin-dependent pathway, results in decreased TGF-beta1 induced Smad2 and p38 phosphorylation, supporting a specific role for clathrin-independent endocytosis of T beta RIII in regulating both Smad-dependent and Smad-independent TGF-beta signaling."
18845534
sparser
"In another study of human bronchial epithelial cells, using CHIP assays, Qi Ge et al. found that TGF-β1 induced Smad2 phosphorylation, and blockade of Smad2/3 prevented both the TGF-β1 modulated IL-6 [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
24140943
reach
"Immunoblots of cell lysates indicated that TGF-beta1 alone or in association with GY785 DRS polysaccharide induced the phosphorylation of SMAD 2 as early as 1 hour and up to 24 hours."
22131189
reach
"Since NAC inhibits the phosphorylation of Smad2, Erk1/2, and p38 MAPK induced by TGF beta1 in a rat renal proximal tubular epithelial cell line, NAC might also inhibit the up-regulation of p63 and inv[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
17498688
reach
"In this study, we found that TGF-beta1 stimulated ERK phosphorylation and smad2 phosphorylation after 10 minutes of exposure and extended for more than 120 minutes in a dose dependent manner."
26001858
sparser
"Our data showed that the inhibition of TGFBR1 abolished the TGF-β1-induced phosphorylations of Smad2 and Smad3 in both control fibroblasts and fibroblasts depleted of IDH1 (Figure xref )."
29137396
sparser
"Both TGF-beta1 and activin A, but not BMP-7, increased the phosphorylation of Smad2, induced nuclear translocation of Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4, and inhibited thyrocyte cell growth as well as TSH-stimulated cAMP response."
10465304
sparser
"Stimulation of PCMO with recombinant activins (A, B, AB) and TGF-β1 induced phosphorylation of Smad2 but not Smad3."
25707005
reach
"The canonical TGF-beta1 pathway involves phosphorylation of the intracellular signal transducers Smad2 and Smad3 after activation by TGF-beta1."
30768914
reach
"Meantime, MWCNTs can significantly activate macrophages and increase the production of TGF-beta1, which induces the phosphorylation of Smad2 and then the expression of collagen I/III and extracellular matrix (ECM) protease inhibitors in lung tissues [XREF_BIBR] (XREF_FIG d)."
25268624
sparser
"TGF-β1 induced Smad2 phosphorylation in cultured endometrial stromal cell in vitro and triggered apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner, which was accompanied by a reduction of cell proliferation, confirming TGF-β as an apoptotic factor in rat decidual endometrial stromal cells."
15927076
sparser
"TGFB1 can phosphorylate SMAD2 and SMAD3, which interact with SMAD4 to activate HMGA2, which then activates SNAI1."
30703089
sparser
"In the Smad-dependent pathway, TGF-b1 directly phosphorylates and activates the downstream mediator Smad2 and Smad3 through TGF-b receptor I, and then Smad2 and Smad3 bind Smad4, which forms a complex that moves into the nucleus and initiates gene transcription."
| PMC
sparser
"The vitamin D analogue, paricalcitol, inhibits Notch signaling by attenuating TGF-β1 induced Smad2 phosphorylation and reducing the upregulation of Jagged1 [ xref ]."
28757325
sparser
"Effect of CCBs on TGF-β1–induced Smad2 phosphorylation."
21897055
reach
"Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation in response to TGF-beta1 was attenuated in Nlrp3 (-/-) and apoptosis associated speck like protein containing a CARD domain (-/-) cells, accounting for the dampened EMT and TGF-beta1 responsiveness in these cells."
23264657
rlimsp
"We previously reported that autocrine secretion of TGF-β1 is responsible for SPC-induced Smad2 phosphorylation and α-SMA expression (Jeon et al., 2006)."
22127053
sparser
"TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and p38 in hVFFs."
33765087
isi
"Then, we found that depletion of GPR37 resulted in a decrease in the expression of TGF-beta1 as well as the extents of Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation, while overexpression of GPR37 presented opposite outcomes."
33364431
sparser
"However, overexpression of JMJD3 in BEAS-2B cells promoted TGF-β1-induced Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation (Fig. xref )."
33637682
sparser
"Western blotting demonstrated that TGF-β1 treatment induced the phosphorylation of SMAD2, and PEA treatment inhibited the TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of SMAD2 in a dose-dependent manner (Figure xref )."
30057547
sparser
"The existence of such fine controls on EGFR participation in TGF-βR signaling appeared highlighted, moreover, by the relatively transient window of EGFR activation contrasting with the longer term of TGF-β1-stimulated SMAD2 phosphorylation ( xref )."
20953304
sparser
"As shown in xref , eribulin pretreatment significantly decreased TGF- β -induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3, suggesting that the MET induced by eribulin was, at least in part, due to of downregulation of the TGF- β /Smad pathway."
24569463
sparser
"TGF-β1 promotes Smad2 phosphorylation, Snail and N-cadherin upregulation, and E-cadherin downregulation dose-dependently (Supplementary Figure  xref and xref )."
30158641
reach
"However, TGFbeta-1 induced the phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3, which were inhibited by co-incubation with sTGFbetaRIIFc protein."
22744210
reach
"In SKOV3 cells, TGF-beta1 alone induced phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3, denoting the activation of these two R-SMADs; co-treatment with OFE reduced the levels of p-SMAD2 (4mug/mL, P = 0.002 vs. control group; 20mug/mL, P = 0.001 vs. control group) and p-SMAD3 (4mug/mL, P = 0.035 vs. control group; 20mug/mL, P = 0.004 vs. control group), whereas the total expression of SMAD2/3 remained unchanged."
26131016
sparser
"The effect of aging on Smad2 activation was examined by Western blot analysis of TGF-β1-dependent phosphorylation of Smad2."
20093489
reach
"TGF-beta1 stimulation results in the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 on the SSXS motif in the C-terminal residue, leading to the formation of a complex with the common mediator Smad4 and nuclear tr[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
23419524
reach
"Upon activation, TGF-beta1 binds to its cell-surface receptor complexes and initiates an intracellular signaling cascade resulting in phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3."
29849890
sparser
"Furthermore, TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation on day 4 was also blocked by ADAM12 depletion ( xref )."
22808268
reach
"OSS generated active TGF-beta1 stimulates higher Smad2 phosphorylation."
30988341
sparser
"Moreover, combine treatment effectively decreased the TGF (transforming growth factor)‐β‐induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3."
26648178
reach
"Furthermore, TGF-beta1 induced sustained Smad2 phosphorylation on day 4 which was markedly attenuated by pretreatment with MbetaCD."
22808268
reach
"Results in Fig. 4 permit us to confirm that in intact Car C cells TGF-beta 1 stimulates the Smad2 phosphorylation in a time dependent manner while, in the same conditions, activation of ERK-1,2 is not[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
12044892
reach
"As shown in XREF_FIG, b-AP15 attenuated phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 induced by TGFbeta-1 treatment in a dose dependent manner."
27604640
sparser
"Meanwhile, sb431542 also abolished the TGF-β1-induced phosphorylations of Smad2 and Smad3 in fibroblasts overexpressing IDH1 (Figure xref )."
29137396
reach
"TGF-beta1 induces the phosphorylation of both Smad2 and Smad3 but the profibrotic effect induced by TGF-beta1 is largely dependent on Smad3 activation [XREF_BIBR]."
24762191
sparser
"Ac-SDKP suppressed not only TGF-beta1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation at Ser-465/467 in a dose-dependent manner, but also the nuclear accumulation of receptor-regulated Smads (R-Smad), Smad2 and Smad3."
12660320
sparser
"A marked decrease in TGF-β1 induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 was observed with TGF-β1 and CXCL9 co-treatment."
26268659
reach
"The augmented Smad-2 and Smad-3 phosphorylation disappeared by 6 hours, although the increase of Smad-2 and Smad-3 phosphorylation in response to TGF-beta1 or IL-13 plus TGF-beta1 could still be obser[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
17418380
sparser
"NP-TGFβ1 induced phosphorylation of smad2 in endothelial cells in vitro, similar to native TGFβ1 ( xref )."
29146747
sparser
"Transforming growth factor β-1 (TGFβ-1)-induced phosphorylation of transcription factors Smad2 and Smad3 plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)."
27604640
reach
"Phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 was induced by TGF-beta2, as well as by TGF-beta1 or TGF-beta3 in Caki-1 and HK-2 cells."
29391598
sparser
"As predicted, TGF-β1 caused the Smad2 phosphorylation at the main sites targeted by the type I TGF-β receptor kinase at Ser 465/467."
17067743
sparser
"Although stimulation with TGF-β1 induced phosphorylation of Smad2, stimulation with glucose did not result in phosphorylated Smad2 Figure 5 ."
12631068
sparser
"SB431542 abrogated the phosphorylation of smad2 by TGFβ1 in these cells equally (Fig. xref )."
25826092
sparser
"Moreover, Gardenia jasminoides inhibited TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation in LX-2 cells."
23326120
reach
"TGFbeta1 stimulation resulted in phosphorylation of Smad2 in OE33 and FLO-1 cells."
26447543
sparser
"ILK knockdown had no effect on the basal and TGFβ1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2, and Smad2 protein levels appear to be similar in all groups ( Fig. 8 )."
17187779
reach
"TGF-beta1 treatment induced detectable phosphorylation of SMAD2, but attenuated TGF-beta reporter gene activity (XREF_FIG) and growth arrest in most of the HNSCC lines examined."
22641218
reach
"Interestingly, when pERK activation was inhibited pharmacologically by U0126, TGFbeta1 failed to induce SMAD2 phosphorylation, p21 upregulation and nuclear localization, and repression of CDK2."
28368414
reach
"In order to find out whether NH4Cl may inhibit the autophagy in rapamycin treated HCC cells through inhibition of SMAD2 signaling, we used transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) to induce phosphorylation of SMAD2 in HCC cells."
25342595
sparser
"TGF-β1-induced acute phosphorylation of Smad2 within 10 min was markedly attenuated by pretreatment of the cells with MβCD ( xref ), suggesting a possible lipid raft-dependent mechanism for TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation."
22808268
sparser
"In addition, oridonin reduced the levels of Smad2, Smad3, Smad4, PAI-1 and the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 induced by TGF-β1 in vitro."
31686852
sparser
"Furthermore, PTL inhibited TGF-β1-induced Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation but did not influence Smad1/5/9 phosphorylation or activate other downstream signalling pathways of TGF-β1, including AKT, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) or p38."
31838448
sparser
"As expected, TGF-β1 induced phosphorylation of Smad2 in a dose-dependent manner ( Fig. 5 C)."
23137649
sparser
"In vitro experiments indicated that LRG enhanced the TGF- β -induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and the expression of Serpine1 and Acta2 , the downstream of Smad2, in fibroblasts."
29279415
reach
"As shown in XREF_FIG, TGF-beta1 strongly induced the phosphorylation of Smad2 and nuclear translocation of p-Smad and Smad2/3, while KY-05009 inhibited these inductions."
25337707
sparser
"Chemical inhibition of ERK but not p38 MAPK inhibited TGF-beta1-induced Smad 2 phosphorylation, and both MAPK inhibitors inhibited TGF-beta1- and H(2)O(2)-induced EMT."
15677311
sparser
"TGF-beta1 induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 in Mv1Lu mink lung epithelial cells."
9311995
sparser
"We found TGF-β1 induced SMAD2 and SMAD3 phosphorylation in both whole cell lysates and nuclear proteins ( xref )."
26726879
sparser
"The treatment significantly inhibits the TGFβ1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3, thus indicating that the 3D liver scaffolds in vitro model can be used as drug screening platform."
31905709
reach
"Western blot analysis showed that TGF-beta1 promoted the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 as compared with control, while AAT1 or AAT2 overexpression could markedly inhibit the TGF-beta1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2/3 (XREF_FIG)."
26762477
sparser
"CXCL9 reduces TGF-β1 induced Smad2 phosphorylation via Smad7."
26268659
reach
"Moreover, TGF-beta1 enhances phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 in cells, leading to the TGF-beta-dependent EMT and subsequent development and progress of fibrosis related lung diseases [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."
27271612
sparser
"Moreover, we also investigated the potential anti-fibrotic properties of ML290 by evaluating its ability to promote markers such as matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and inhibit the pro-fibrotic actions of TGF-β1-induced Smad-2 and Smad-3 phosphorylation in primary human cardiac fibroblasts, representing key fibrosis-producing cells."
28592882
sparser
"Conditioned medium from MSCs prevented fibrotic changes in HPMCs by inhibiting TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 in vitro."
33757592
sparser
"It has been reported that Smad2-mediated signaling seems to be sensitive to ROS effects, due to studies which showed that TGF-stimulated Smad2 phosphorylation can be inhibited by N-acetyl cysteine xref ."
28332554
reach
"TGF-beta1 binds its receptors in the cell surface and phosphorylates Smad2 and Smad3, which form a protein complex with Smad4 to regulate the expression of target genes in the nucleus [XREF_BIBR]."
28367863
reach
"We found that overexpression of inhibitory Smad-7 completely abolished Smad-2 phosphorylation and activation induced by TGF-beta1 but did not inhibit TGF-beta1-induced apoptosis."
12560323
sparser
"On the other hand, LNG-TGF-β1 and LN-TGF-β1 induced sustained phosphorylation of Smad2 up to 4 days, suggesting that immobilization of the growth factor had significant effect on the activity of the signaling pathway."
21864893
sparser
"Furthermore, (5Z)-7-Oxozeaenol partly inhibited both TGFβ1-induced Smad1/5 and Smad2 phosphorylation."
28569204
sparser
"As shown by Western blot analysis with phospho-Smad2 antibodies, TGF-β1 stimulated Smad2 phosphorylation within 20 min and this activation was dose-dependently reduced by NAC in both bovine and human [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
15203191
reach
"As shown in XREF_FIG, TGF-beta1 treatment led to the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 after 60 min."
27175834
sparser
"Additionally, TGF-β1-dependent Smad2 phosphorylation was not affected by the presence of these kinase inhibitors ( xref )."
28521467
sparser
"TGF-β1 phosphorylated Smad2 on the non-receptor substrate sites (Ser245/250/255)."
23831640
sparser
"TGF-β1 induces the phosphorylation of both Smad2 and Smad3 but the profibrotic effect induced by TGF-β1 is largely dependent on Smad3 activation [ xref ]."
24762191
sparser
"The results showed that effects of AUDA on TGF-β1-induced Smad2 and p38MAPK phosphorylation in vitro or BLM-induced p38MAPK phosphorylation in vivo are weaker compared with that of Smad3."
28694203
reach
"XREF_FIG, knockdown of Kindlin-2 with siRNA decreased phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 protein levels in response to TGF-beta1 compared with control siRNA."
30245857
reach
"TGFbeta1 treated epithelial cells receiving nanomolar concentrations of SB-505124 failed to phosphorylate Smad 2 and 3 and reduced numbers of these treated cells underwent apoptosis."
20705067
sparser
"The results showed that TGF-β1 markedly induced Smad2 phosphorylation and up-regulated the expression level of TGFBR2 and vimentin proteins but reduced E-cadherin expression ( xref , lanes 2 and 3 vs. lane 1), suggesting that TGFBR2/Smad2 signaling mediates TGF-β1-induced EMT in PCa cells."
32010624
reach
"TGFB1 induces the phosphorylation of the TGF-beta receptor activated protein (SMAD2), and its responsiveness is modulated by cholesterol by binding TGFB receptors XREF_BIBR."
23776558
sparser
"Pre-treatment with either 5 or 10 nM PTX significantly suppressed TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 (P=0.042 and P <0.01, respectively, n=3) ( xref )."
23443842
sparser
"Effects of curcumin on TGF-β1-induced Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation in HK-2 cells."
23544048
reach
"XREF_FIG demonstrates that atRA (5muM) markedly reduced TGF-beta1 induction of Smad2 phosphorylation in LX-2 cells, under conditions where the total amount of Smad2 was not changed."
21274875
sparser
"However, HGF neither affected TGF-beta1-induced Smad-2 phosphorylation and its subsequent nuclear translocation nor influenced the expression of inhibitory Smad-6 and -7 in tubular epithelial cells."
15537870
sparser
"Jang et al showed that inhibiting the TGF-β type I receptor, activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK5) using the synthetic inhibitor IN-1130 suppresses the subsequent TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 and nuclear accumulation of Smad proteins in human fibroblasts of PD-plaque."
32885153
sparser
"Pretreatment with PTH prevented TGF-β1-induced Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation, and thereby inhibited the upregulation of ECM proteins, fibronectin and type IV collagen."
27530924
reach
"As expected, TGF-beta1 was able to increase phosphorylation of both SMAD2 and ERK 1/2 when compared to the control condition (XREF_FIG B, C)."
32276474
reach
"In vitro studies using decidual endometrial stromal cells revealed that TGF-beta1 induced apoptosis and Smad2 phosphorylation."
15927076
sparser
"Suppression of HSP70 also resulted in an increase in TGF- β -induced phosphorylation of Smad2."
22084675
sparser
"By binding to TGF-β receptors, TGF-β1 phosphorylates Smad2 and Smad3 leading to nuclear translocation and regulation of the expression of approximately 60 target ECM genes [ xref ]."
36142127
sparser
"To do this we used PP1, a small molecule compound that has recently been shown in mammary epithelial cells [ xref ] and in PANC-1 cells [ xref ] to potently inhibit the kinase activity of TβRI/ALK5, to suppress TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 and EMT [ xref ]."
21624123
sparser
"Treatment with SP600125 stimulated Smad2 phosphorylation and enhanced TGF-beta1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation."
19127219
reach
"For that reason, we performed a dose response curve of SB431542 to evaluate TGFbeta1 stimulated smad2 phosphorylation (XREF_FIG C and D)."
23635013
sparser
"The possible explanation for this is that beraprost and cicaprost do not inhibit the TGF β driven phosphorylation of Smad2, but rather act downstream of TGF β signaling pathway."
24852754
reach
"Among its three isoforms, namely TGF-beta1, 2 and 3, all types of renal cells total can produced TGF-beta1 [XREF_BIBR] and acts as a pro fibrotic regulator in several ways : i) Fibrotic proteins such as FN and collagen I can be induced by TGF-beta1independently; and ii) TGF-beta1 can induced the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3, and then formed the oligomeric complexes includingSmad2, Smad3 and Smad4 [XREF_BIBR]."
32398108
sparser
"The TGF-β1-signaling is largely mediated by Smad proteins ( xref ) where Smad2 and Smad3 are phosphorylated by TGF-β1-receptors and associate with the common mediator Smad4, which translocates to the nucleus to participate in the expression of TGF-β1-target genes ( xref )."
21258411
sparser
"Pretreatment with IN-1130 substantially inhibited TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 and nuclear accumulation of Smad proteins."
22323974
sparser
"However, U0126 as an inhibitor of MEK/ERK signaling was not able to attenuate TGF-β1–induced Smad2 phosphorylation in SCAPs ()."
26001858
reach
"Here, evidence is provided that Tgf-beta1, -2, -3 mRNA and phosphorylated SMAD2 and SMAD3 significantly increase as primary cultures of mouse ATII cells transdifferentiate to ATI cells."
23831617
sparser
"TGF-β1 activates Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation, and then, phospho-Smad2/3 binds to Smad4 to form hetero-oligomeric complexes ( xref )."
33679423
reach
"Smad2 and 3 are phosphorylated following TGF-beta1 signalling 63 and so this indicated that cathelicidin was indeed enhancing this process."
33627652
trips
"We found that TGF-beta1 caused Smad2 phosphorylation between 0.5 and 1 h of exposure in endothelial cells."
16645187
sparser
"Using a normal rat kidney tubular epithelial cell line (NRK52E), it was determined that TGF-beta1 induces Smad2 phosphorylation and nuclear localization in both a dose- and time-dependent manner."
12039975
reach
"TGF-beta1 and BMP4 increased Smad1/5 and Smad2 phosphorylation."
29127365
reach
"However, the mechanism underlying altered Smad2 phosphorylation is still not clear.In summary, our results demonstrate that cav-1p inhibits Smad2 phosphorylation, as well as nuclear translocation of S[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
21440420
sparser
"Furthermore, knockdown of HPIP greatly inhibited TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 in the A549 cells."
28075456
rlimsp
"TGF-Beta RI phosphorylates the downstream effectors Smad2 and Smad3, leading to their translocation into the nucleus."
9651680
sparser
"JMJD3 knockdown in A549 cells also impaired TGF-β1-induced Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation (Fig. xref )."
33637682
sparser
"Moreover, EPAC1 inhibits TGFβ1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation and antagonizes TGFβ1/TβRI-mediated transcriptional activation, inhibition of cell adhesion and stimulation of cell migration (Conrotto et al., 2007)."
26119090
reach
"TGF-beta1 also increased Smad2 and ERK1/2 phosphorylation but did not affect Smad7 expression."
20154264
sparser
"Among its three isoforms, namely TGF-β1, 2 and 3, all types of renal cells total can produced TGF-β1 [ xref ] and acts as a pro-fibrotic regulator in several ways: i) Fibrotic proteins such as FN and collagen I can be induced by TGF-β1independently; and ii) TGF-β1 can induced the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3, and then formed the oligomeric complexes includingSmad2, Smad3 and Smad4 [ xref ]."
32398108
sparser
"Furthermore, atRA reduced TGF-β1 induced Smad2 phosphorylation in LX-2 cells."
21274875
sparser
"Instead, our findings show that galunisertib treatment of aNK cells in vitro inhibits TGFβ1-induced SMAD2 phosphorylation and significantly restores expression of DNAM-1, NKp30, NKG2D, and TRAIL and release of perforin and granzyme A, which could contribute to the observed reversal of TGFβ1-mediated inhibition of cytotoxicity."
27756784
sparser
"These changes were associated with impaired TGF-β1-induced Smad2 and Erk1/2 phosphorylation and upregulated TGF-β1 ligand mRNA expression, compatible with G357W as a loss-of-function mutation in the TGF-β type 2 receptor."
26173585
reach
"TGF-beta1 phosphorylates TGF-beta receptor-II and TGF-beta receptor-I, and then the downstream Smad2, Smad3 are activated."
26874212
reach
"Smad2 phosphorylation was increased by TGF-beta1 (10ngml -1) in scirrhous gastric cancer cell lines, OCUM-2MLN and OCUM-12."
20145621
sparser
"TGF-β1–induced phosphorylation of SMAD2 was mitigated by inhibition of p38 MAPK but not PI3K ( xref F), suggesting the activation of SMAD2 in the downstream of p38 MAPK."
33369638
sparser
"As shown in xref , TGF-β1 induced Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation in NRK52E cells."
27636716
reach
"Additionally, TGF-beta1 significantly stimulated the endogenous phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3 in RIE-1-TrkB KD cells relative to that of RIE-1-TrkB cells (XREF_FIG H)."
32340410
sparser
"Activated TGF-β1 binds to type I and type II cell surface receptors and phosphorylates the Smad2 and Smad3 proteins to activate the canonical (Smad-dependent) TGF-β signaling pathway [ xref , xref ]."
33142952
sparser
"In cultured human proximal tubular cells, fisetin treatment inhibited TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of SMAD3 and SMAD2."
37098680
reach
"TGF-beta1 increased alphaSMA expression and phosphorylation of SMAD-2."
21251657
sparser
"Hence, the paradox of prolonged TGF-β1–induced SMAD2 phosphorylation but neutralized antiproliferative effects in our cell model might be explained by STAT3-induced upregulation of cyclin D1 and cyclin B1—both known transcriptional targets of STAT3 xref ."
27292026
reach
"TGF-beta1 induces the phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3, which is necessary for their binding to Snail1 and the consequential upregulation of Snail1 's activities [XREF_BIBR]."
25084828
sparser
"The Western blots in the top panel of xref show that TGF-β1-induced Smad 2 phosphorylation was not affected by either Smad 3 or Smad 4 knockdown, and that TGF-β1-induced Smad 3 phosphorylation was not affected by either Smad 2 or Smad 4 knockdown (middle panel of xref )."
23784029
sparser
"Cell strains that exhibited TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 did not necessarily exhibit a reduction in [ 3 H]thymidine uptake."
15084245
sparser
"CXCL9 reduces TGF-β1 induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3."
26268659
reach
"Likewise, adenovirus mediated overexpression of Smad7, a natural inhibitor of Smad signaling, impaired both TGF-beta1- and FBG induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and prevented the FBG domain from inducing EMT in NMuMG cells, as observed by phase-contrast microscopy and the impaired decrease of E-cadherin gene expression."
24821840
reach
"TGF-beta1 treatment induced Smad2 phosphorylation and translocation into the nucleus."
20003198
reach
"We found that knockdown of TGF-beta1 reduced SMAD2 phosphorylation only in SPARC -/- pericytes but did not inhibit their capacity to respond to exogenous TGF-beta1."
21708981
sparser
"However, we found that TSA dramatically inhibited TGF-β1–induced phosphorylation of both Smad2 and Smad3 simultaneously (Figure S1E and F; *P  < 0.05 versus TGF-β1 treated with DMSO group)."
24456602
sparser
"TGF-β1 induces phosphorylation of Smad2 and promotes the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in Beas-2B cells."
27803787
sparser
"In the present study, we observed that the TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 and the TGF-β1-induced increase in α-SMA production were partially dependent on Smad2 and Smad3 and were reversed by knockdown of both Smad2 and Smad3."
29116196
sparser
"TGF-β1 significantly activated the phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3, whereas omentin-1 at a concentration of 200 ng/mL inhibited the phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3 (Fig.  xref d)."
32375640
reach
"TGF-beta1 activation of SMAD2 phosphorylation and endoglin upregulation was also blocked by SB."
28114883
sparser
"Because MβCD treatment blocked TGF-β1-stimulated Smad2 phosphorylation and α-SMA expression, we explored the effect of MβCD on the localization of ADAM12 in lipid rafts."
22808268
sparser
"Our findings showed that TGF-β1 induced Smad2 phosphorylation and down-regulated E2F1 expression, with increased vimentin expression and reduced E-cadherin levels, that is, EMT."
32010624
reach
"However, it was unexpectedly noted that phosphorylation of Smad 2, a major transcription factor, was induced by TGF-beta1 in SG-2 cells but not in SG-3 or -5 cells."
26781600
reach
"TGFbeta1 treatment rapidly increased the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 in 30 minutes and resulted in a rapid nuclear accumulation of Smad2 and Smad3 in HepG2 cells."
17920062
reach
"Commonly, TGF-beta1 induces phosphorylation of Smad2 within a few minutes of stimulation."
23937725
sparser
"Further study showed that ginsenoside Rg1 considerably decreased the levels of both active TGF-beta1 and phosphorylated Smad2 (pSmad2)."
18988308
sparser
"In addition, RACK1 suppressed the expression of TGF-β1-induced Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation in human KFs."
26629012
sparser
"In this study, our results demonstrated that TGF- β -mediated phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 is increased in dedifferentiated chondrocytes by downregulation of AIMP1 expression ( xref and xref )."
26890138
reach
"To conclude, AcSDKP inhibits the growth of cardiac fibroblasts and also inhibits TGFbeta1 stimulated phosphorylation of Smad2."
12154106
reach
"44,45 Earlier studies reveal that TGF-beta1 specifically initiates Smad-2 and -3 phosphorylation, which in turn bind to Co-Smad-4 and translocate into the nuclei, where they control the transcription [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
12875981
sparser
"On the other hand, knockdown of endogenous STAT1 in SK-OV-3 cells using STAT1-siRNA resulted in a significant increase of TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation (Fig. xref and xref )."
29751820
sparser
"These results confirm that BMP4 and BMP6 signalling strictly activate the BMP-specific Smads 1, 5, and 8, and that TGFβ1 and activin A induce Smad2 phosphorylation specifically in OvCa cells."
21945631
sparser
"Compared to the effect of SB431542, a known TGF-β Type I receptor inhibitor ( xref ), TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation remained relatively unaffected by our compounds in this time frame, suggesting that the effect of heterotaxin on Smad2 phosphorylation in vivo may not involve direct inhibition of TGF-β receptors or may inhibit a non-smad-dependent TGF-β signaling pathway ( xref )."
21338922
reach
"TGF-beta1 significantly stimulated Smad2 phosphorylation in a concentration dependent manner (XREF_FIG, n = 6, P < 0.05)."
21897055
sparser
"Finally, LIPUS stimulation suppressed TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor-β1)-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 in HK-2 (human proximal tubular cell line) cells cells."
33131306
reach
"Upon stimulation by TGF-beta1, Smad2 and Smad3 is phosphorylated by activated TGF-beta receptors and forms a complex with Smad4."
28376764
sparser
"Eribulin pretreatment significantly decreased TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation."
30147370
sparser
"Exposure of cells to TGF-β1 resulted in the phosphorylation of Smad2 and heat treatment blocked the TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2."
25120280
reach
"Overexpression of Ccn5 and Wisp2 reduced both Smad2 and JNK phosphorylation induced by TGFbeta1."
29247377
reach
"TGF-beta1 induced the phosphorylation of Smad2 and TAK1."
27723266
bel
"Down-regulation of glypican-1 expression by stable transfection of a full-length glypican-1 antisense construct resulted in decreased anchorage-dependent and -independent cell growth in Colo-357 pancreatic cancer cells and attenuated TGF-beta1 induced cell growth inhibition, Smad2 phosphorylation, and PAI-1 promoter activity"
15249209
sparser
"In human chondrocytes treated with endoglin siRNA, TGFβ1-induced smad2 phosphorylation was increased, but TGFβ1-induced smad1/5 phosphorylation was decreased [ xref ]."
25826092
reach
"As illustrated in XREF_FIG, TGFbeta1 induced the time dependent phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 in the P1 cells."
24791137
sparser
"To determine how TGF-β1 regulates collagen III and fibronectin expression, we treated HPMCs with 5 ng/ml of TGF-β1; subsequent western blot analysis showed that TGF-β1 induced phosphorylation of Smad 2 and 3 starting at 10 min post-treatment and reached a maximum between 30-60 min, but TGF-β1 did not affect the total Smad 2 and 3 expression levels (Figure xref )."
21034459
reach
"Detailed pathway analysis revealed that DA receptor agonists decreased the phosphorylation of Smad2 induced by TGF-beta1 in primary human lung fibroblasts (PHLFs) and IMR-90 cells."
33901873
sparser
"Incubation with SP600125 (a specific JNK inhibitor) suppressed the antagonistic effect of cav-1p on TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation (E), in agreement with previous studies, the level of protein p[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
21440420
sparser
"Furthermore, silencing of BG reduced TGF-β2-induced but not TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 ( xref B,C) also resulting in reduced proliferation of 93RS2 Sertoli cells ( xref D)."
31835434
reach
"Further studies demonstrated that USP4 mediated TGF-beta1 activation not only enhances the phosphorylation of Smad2 through TGF-beta, but also directly upregulate matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9-mediated cell migration and invasion of breast cancer cells."
27049265
sparser
"EndMT markers such as fibronectin, Vim, and Mmp2 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β-mediated phosphorylation of Smad2 were upregulated in ECs deficient of TNXB."
35617358
sparser
"The results indicate that there was a remarkable promotion of TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation in BASCs grown on CNT-Col matrices compared to the control group ( xref ), indicating that the facilitative effect of CNTs on cardiac differentiation of BASCs might be attributed to the activation of TGF-β1 signaling."
27660434
sparser
"The evidence that MKP5 is required for TGF-β1 signaling were supported genetically in MKP5-deficient mice and fibroblasts where we showed that MKP5 was required for TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation."
32843541
sparser
"Consistent with previous studies, TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation (Fig. xref ) and Nox4 up-regulation (Fig. xref ) were blocked by the ALK5 inhibitor."
24629065
sparser
"To examine the effects of PA on TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of smad2 and smad3, we first determined the timing of TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of smad2 and smad3 in HSC-T6 cells."
31795488
reach
"TGF-beta1 induces a time dependent phosphorylation of Smad2 and co-immunoprecipitation of SMAD-2 with Smad-4 and its subsequently translocation to the nucleus."
14500551
sparser
"4-1BB costimulation suppressed Smad2 phosphorylation induced by TGF-beta1, suggesting that 4-1BB effects were at the level of TGF-beta1 signaling."
15353478
reach
"Meanwhile, the phosphorylation of SMAD2 activated by TGFB1 was suppressed."
36441751
reach
"TGF-beta1 binds to its cell surface receptors and phosphorylates Smad 2 and Smad 3 (also known as R-Smad) which form a bond with Smad 4 (also known as co-Smad) in the cytoplasm."
25896982
sparser
"Here, our results confirmed that TGF-β1 indeed induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 at Ser465/467 and Ser423/425 residues, subsequently, it translocated into the nucleus as evidenced by both Western blot analyses and immunostaining."
25658913
sparser
"Similarly, TGF-β1-induced SMAD2 phosphorylation is not altered by EGFR blockade either pharmacologically (with AG1478) or molecularly (by expression of EGFR KD or EGFR Y845F ) ( xref )."
19132220
reach
"Its downstream signaling Smad2 is phosphorylated by activated TGF-beta1."
32319537
sparser
"Consistent with these findings, isorhamnetin completely blocked TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 in LX-2 cells ( Fig. 2 C, left) or in primary HSCs ( Fig. 2 C, right)."
27151496
reach
"When MAGP1 was added to cultures of confluent cells, the ability of exogenous TGFbeta-1 to stimulate smad-2 phosphorylation was blunted, suggesting MAGP1 functions as a sink for active TGFbeta."
21898536
reach
"In the current study, we demonstrated that TGF-beta1 was able to induce Smad 2 and 3 phosphorylation in HPMCs."
21034459
reach
"Here, TGF-beta1 induced the phosphorylation of Smad2 and the nuclear translocation of cytosolic Smad2/3, and CX-4945 inhibited those inductions in a dose dependent manner (XREF_FIG)."
24023938
sparser
"This assumption was further corroborated by the observation that silencing of TIMP3 reduced TGF-β2-induced but not TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 ( xref B,C) resulting in reduced proliferation of 93RS2 Sertoli cells ( xref D)."
31835434
sparser
"As expected, TGFβ1 in the presence or absence of BMP7 activated the phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3."
25579684
sparser
"Phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 by TGF-beta1 was not inhibited by RGZ or CGZ."
20178607
sparser
"These results suggest that TGF-β1-induced ADAM12 expression is required for TGF-β1-stimulated Smad2 phosphorylation and α-SMA expression."
22808268
reach
"Our data show that TGF-beta1 stimulation induced SMAD2 phosphorylation, an effect that was repressed approximately 1.5-fold by shear (XREF_FIG)."
28209993
sparser
"In this study, treatment of ApoA1 attenuated TGF-β1–induced Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation in A549 cell ( xref )."
27433174
sparser
"In support of this, GRP78 knockdown in HeLa cells enhanced TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation [ xref ] in a manner that was similar to the effect of Cripto knockdown in the same cells [ xref ]."
22306319
reach
"Smad2 and Smad3 were phosphorylated by TGF-beta1 or TGF-beta3 in OS-RC-2 cells, but only weakly by TGF-beta2."
29391598
sparser
"These data demonstrate that Rk1 and Rg5 inhibit activation of Smad2 and Smad3, which is phosphorylated by TGF-β1 in A549 cells."
33437165
sparser
"It inhibited TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2, Smad3, Akt, and p38."
30972185
reach
"These results confirm that BMP4 and BMP6 signalling strictly activate the BMP specific Smads 1, 5, and 8, and that TGFbeta1 and activin A induce Smad2 phosphorylation specifically in OvCa cells.Previo[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
21945631
reach
"Importantly, phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 induced by TGF-beta1 was comparable between control and AUF1 knockdown cells when Nedd4L expression was decreased."
28986222
reach
"TGF-beta1 and high D-glucose increased p42/44 (mapk) and Smad2 phosphorylation, an effect blocked by PD-98059 (MEK1/2 inhibitor)."
17427197
sparser
"Furthermore, SMAD2 phosphorylation was triggered by TGF-β1 and inhibited by A12286."
32993110
sparser
"In our study, BMP-7 inhibited the TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad-2 and -3 and p-38."
24781156
sparser
"Endoglin enhances TGF-β1-induced Smad1/5 phosphorylation and inhibits TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation, Smad3-driven transcriptional activity and ECM production in human chondrocytes."
20833252
reach
"Decreased Smad2 phosphorylation in TGF-beta1 and LPS co-treated cells suggests that endogenous TRAF6 is involved in LPS mediated inhibition of the TGF-beta1 and Smad signaling pathway."
22427868
reach
"Stimulation of Smad2 phosphorylation by TGF-beta1 was inhibited by SB431542 (an ALK5 inhibitor)."
26001858
sparser
"Exogenous addition of TGF-β1 induced Smad2 phosphorylation and promoted the migration and invasion of SACC-83 cells."
21441221
sparser
"Therefore, SB-505124 also inhibits both TGFβ1-induced Smad1/5 and Smad2 phosphorylation and gene expression in intact cartilage, whereas LDN-193189 does not."
28569204
sparser
"In addition, our data also confirmed that TGF-β1 induced Smad-2 phosphorylation was not influenced by p38 MAPK inhibition, which confirms that TGF-β1-induced Smad-2 activation was not involved in AngII-induced reduction of PPARγ."
22095985
sparser
"In hBMSCs WISP1 inhibits TGF-β1 induced Smad2 phosphorylation as well as TGF-β1 induced proliferation of BMSCs xref ."
23977121
sparser
"Firstly, TGF-β1 can independently induce fibrotic proteins such as FN and collagen I, Secondly, TGF-β1 extensively stimulates the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3, and then activated Smad2 and Smad3 bond with Smad4 to form oligomeric complexes."
30630477
sparser
"TGFbeta-1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 was completely inhibited when the cells were co-treated with TGFbeta-1 and the inhibitor A7701 ( xref A,B; for the full length immunoblots see the xref )."
33494271
reach
"In cultured cardiac fibroblasts, TGF-beta1 treatment for 30 minutes induced robust phosphorylation of Smad2 (2.7 fold, P < 0.01) and Smad3 (2.2 fold, P < 0.01)."
21282499
sparser
"To evaluate the effect of TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 on low-dose MMC-induced senescent HTFs, we pretreated HTFs with low-dose MMC for 48 h."
32574191
sparser
"Validating the stated relationships, DPI or NAC reduced TGF-β1-induced SMAD2 phosphorylation and α-SMA accumulation by 50-70% ( xref )."
24098582
reach
"In control experiments with supplemented TGFbeta1, the inhibitory TGFbeta1 antibody also blocked Smad2 phosphorylation (XREF_FIG)."
17242066
sparser
"Longer exposure (24 hours) to TGF-β1 induced phosphorylation of Smad2 but not Smad3 ( xref )."
21282499
sparser
"Analogously to the effects observed with the recombinant protein, the peptide fragment of asporin showed an inhibitory effect on TGF-β1-induced SMAD2 phosphorylation ( xref )."
26327350
reach
"As predicted, TGF-beta1 caused the Smad2 phosphorylation at the main sites targeted by the type I TGF-beta receptor kinase at Ser 465/467."
17067743
reach
"TGF-beta1 induces phosphorylation of Smad2 and promotes the expression of pro inflammatory cytokines in Beas-2B cells."
27803787
sparser
"As expected, phosphorylation of Smad2 was increased by TGF-β1 from 30 min. and persisted up to 120 min., whereas total Smad2 protein levels were unchanged."
24629065
sparser
"TGF-β1 induces phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3, which form a heteromeric complex with Smad4 [ xref ]."
31906396
reach
"Even more surprisingly, depleting 4T1 cells of LOX expression not only attenuated TGF-beta1 stimulation of p38 MAPK but also significantly reduced Smad2/3 transcriptional ac-tivity and phosphorylation[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
21532881
sparser
"TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Akt was enhanced in RIG-I-deficient HCC spheres, knockdown of AKT gene expression abolishing the augmentation of TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation."
31088527
reach
"Increased TGF-beta1 in ZO SMCs activates the phosphorylation of Smad2 which upregulates Nox4 NADPH oxidase and causes SERCA oxidation."
20724704
sparser
"TGF-β1 induced the phosphorylation of Smad2 and TAK1."
27723266
sparser
"hEPO-MPs attenuate TGF-β1-induced upregulation of Smad2, Smad3, and p38 MAPK phosphorylation in MDCK cells."
32993806
reach
"TGF-beta1 treatment induces phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3, p62 degradation, LC3beta II lipidation and the synthesis of collagen type Ialpha2 and fibronectin in primary human atrial myofibroblasts."
33841177
sparser
"Additionally, we observed that heat treatment blocked TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 in PANC-1 cells."
25120280
reach
"Western blot analysis revealed that TGF-beta1 treatment rapidly induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 in NRK-49F cells, and the levels of phospho-Smad2 and phospho-Smad3 reached a maximum at 30 and 60min post-treatment, respectively."
29101337
sparser
"PC attenuated TGF-β1-induced Smad 2 phosphorylation and upregulation of the Notch ligand Jagged-1, α-smooth muscle actin and thrombospondin-1 and prevented the TGF-β1-mediated loss of E-Cadherin."
25107382
reach
"Smad2 and Smad3 are phosphorylated following TGF-beta1 stimulation and subsequently oligomerize with Smad4 to form the Smad2/3/4 complex, which translocates into the nucleus and regulates target genes, including plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI1)."
29552126
reach
"TGF-beta1 promotes Smad2 phosphorylation, Snail and N-cadherin upregulation, and E-cadherin downregulation dose-dependently."
30158641
rlimsp
"SB431542 abrogated the phosphorylation of smad2 by TGFβ1 in these cells equally (Fig. 4b)."
25826092
reach
"It is now well accepted that TGF-beta1 mediates fibrosis by causing the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3, which forms a complex with the common Smad4 and then translocates to nuclei to bind and regulate the target genes XREF_BIBR."
21927575
sparser
"These data demonstrate that TGF-β1 indirectly stimulates Smad2(Ser245/250/255) phosphorylation and that endogenous IGFBP-3 attenuates this effect."
23831640
sparser
"TGF-β1 induces the phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3, which is necessary for their binding to Snail1 and the consequential upregulation of Snail1’s activities [ xref ]."
25084828
sparser
"As in 2D cultures, native TGF-β1 induced only transient Smad2 phosphorylation on day 1, which decreased significantly on day 2 and diminished at later times ( xref )."
21864893
reach
"Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation in HPFs was markedly enhanced by TGF-beta1 stimulation."
28642129
reach
"As in 2D cultures, native TGF-beta1 induced only transient Smad2 phosphorylation on day 1, which decreased significantly on day 2 and diminished at later times (XREF_FIG)."
21864893
sparser
"In order to test whether dasatinib can inhibit ALK5 function, we measured its effect on TGF-β1-induced C-terminal phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 (p-Smad2C/3C), reflecting their state of activation."
26588899
sparser
"Second, SPARC-deficient pericytes exhibited increased basal TGF-β1–induced SMAD2 phosphorylation and activity."
21708981
sparser
"Here, we investigated the role of the autophagy cargo receptor, p62/sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1), in regulating TGFβ receptor trafficking, TGFβ1-dependent Smad2 phosphorylation and EMT in A549 NSCLC cells."
34000385
sparser
"However, Y27632 had no significant effect on TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3."
24471776
sparser
"Our data showed that TGF-β1 upregulated phosphorylation of SMAD2, even at the low dose of 80 pM ( xref and xref )."
36189081
reach
"Both TGF-beta1 and activin A, but not BMP-7, increased the phosphorylation of Smad2, induced nuclear translocation of Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4, and inhibited thyrocyte cell growth as well as TSH stimulated cAMP response."
10465304
sparser
"However, EPA and DHA (10 μM) failed to block TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 ( xref ) at either 30 minutes or 24 hours, which was consistent with our finding that fish oil did not inhibit TAC-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 in vivo ( xref )."
21282499
sparser
"ApoA1 inhibited the TGF-β1–induced increase in the phosphorylation of Smad2 and 3 as well as that of ERK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase mediators."
27433174
rlimsp
"TGFB1 stimulated SMAD2 phosphorylation and SERPINE1 levels in dose- and time-dependent manners in luteal EC."
26658711
sparser
"In addition, Kindlin-2 ablation inhibits TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation and chondrocyte differentiation."
26151572
sparser
"OSS-generated active TGF-β1 stimulates higher Smad2 phosphorylation."
30988341
reach
"TGF-beta1 has been shown to highly express in ACC patient samples and SACC-LM cell line and induced Smad2 phosphorylation and promoted the migration and invasion of SACC-83 cells [XREF_BIBR]."
24721839
sparser
"Interestingly, the same study reported that 15d-PGJ 2 did inhibit Smad2/3 nuclear translocation in rat kidney fibroblasts treated with TGF- β , while we have reported that 15d-PGJ 2 does not inhibit TGF- β -stimulated phosphorylation of Smad2 in human lung fibroblasts [ xref ]."
17710235
bel
"The sentence (Jubilant) TGFB induces phosphorylation of SMAD2 is inhibited by SB-431542 , an inhibitor of ALK4, ALK5 and ALK7. is translated to Complex of ACVR1B (Homo sapiens) Protein and TGFB1 (Homo sapiens) Protein The following edits have been made already none Links Doc Sourcerer for 12065756 ACVR1B (Homo sapiens) Protein TGFB1 (Homo sapiens) Protein"
sparser
"Simvastatin had no effect on TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3."
27123120
sparser
"Furthermore, the potentiating action of CTGF was neither dependent on modulation of TGFbeta1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation and its association with Smad4, nor did it result from nuclear accumulation of activated Smad2."
15469966
sparser
"Wu and colleagues ( xref ) recently showed that Kindlin-2 binds to the cytoplasmic kinase domain of TGF-β receptor 1 resulting in TGF-β signaling activation and that Kindlin-2 ablation inhibited TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation ( xref )."
28687620
reach
"Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFbeta-1)-induced phosphorylation of transcription factors Smad2 and Smad3 plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)."
27604640
reach
"Furthermore, TGF-beta1 induced the phosphorylation of Smad2 at both the linker and C-terminal sites."
20818498
reach
"It was also found that TGF-beta1 allowed increases in protein phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and Smad2 and that SB203580 can effectively inhibit the expression of phspho-p38 MAPK and the nuclear transfer Smad2."
27293383
reach
"TGF-beta1 treatment increased phosphorylation of Smad2, expression of Fn-EDA and Col1a1 and formation of alphaSMA stress fibres in GHMT- or GHMT2m infected cultures on day 7, compared with non treated cultures (XREF_FIG and XREF_SUPPLEMENTARY)."
26354680
reach
"Phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 by TGF-beta1 was not inhibited by RGZ or CGZ."
20178607
reach
"Additionally, Smad2 phosphorylation and N-cadherin up-regulation induced by TGF-beta1 or a combination of TGF-beta1 and TNF-alpha or TWEAK was completely inhibited by SB431542 (10muM), an inhibitor of the TGF-beta receptor type 1 (TbetaRI) kinase, which is known to be an activator of the Smad pathway."
25890309
sparser
"Treatment with QSYQ did not affect TGF-β1-induced Smad2 or Smad3 phosphorylation ( xref )."
27636716
reach
"Transfection of TGF-beta1 treated human primary fibroblast cell line, MRC5 with miR-21 precursors induced the transcription of FN and alpha-SMA, and SMAD2 phosphorylation and decreased SMAD7 expression."
26594173
reach
"Using a normal rat kidney tubular epithelial cell line (NRK52E), it was determined that TGF-beta1 induces Smad2 phosphorylation and nuclear localization in both a dose- and time dependent manner."
12039975
sparser
"Serum starvation failed to induce SMAD2 phosphorylation, whereas exposure to recombinant TGFB1 induced strong SMAD2 phosphorylation ( xref and S3A )."
25495560
sparser
"Moreover, the TGF-β1-induced acute phosphorylation of Smad2 that occurred within 10 min was significantly attenuated by silencing of endogenous ADAM12 expression, suggesting that ADAM12 is partially involved in TGF-β1-stimulated acute phosphorylation of Smad2."
22808268
sparser
"TGF-β1 may promote the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 and have a stimulating effect on fibrosis process."
31396694
reach
"In addition, knockdown of NLRC5 promoted the activation of NF-kappaB signaling pathways but abrogated phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 proteins in response to TGF-beta1."
26592197
reach
"6 In cell layer extracellular matrix, PF10 releases endogenous TGFbeta1, which stimulates SMAD2 phosphorylation (P-SMAD2)."
28546355
reach
"However, we unexpectedly noted that the phosphorylation of Smad2, a major transcription factor, was induced by TGF-beta1 in the SG-2 cells, but not in the SG-3 or SG-5 cells."
26934950
sparser
"NDGA treatment inhibited basal Smad2 phosphorylation by 67% as well as the mutant TGF β type I receptor-mediated increase in Smad2 phosphorylation by 63% ( xref )."
19540220
sparser
"As shown in xref , TGF-β1 (5 ng/mL) induced a rapid phosphorylation of Smad2 that began within 15 minutes, peaked at 60 minutes and then returned to baseline values by 8 hours."
22174924
reach
"In the SMCs, TGF-beta1 can increase the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3, which then form heterogeneous trimmers with Smad4."
23091366
sparser
"Fx treatment was observed to attenuate TGF-β1-induced Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation ( Fig. 3 )."
28642129
sparser
"After short-term incubation (30 min), exogenous TGF-β1 phosphorylates SMAD2 in both HepG2 and HLE cells."
23826206
sparser
"Moreover, TGF-β1-induced Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation was higher in L-ENG + than in WT fibroblasts ( xref )."
25313562
reach
"In contrast, TGF-beta1 induced increased Smad2 phosphorylation in HPMCs (p < 0.001), and pretreatment with> = 0.1 nM of eribulin significantly decreased this effect (0.05 nM p = 0.22, 0.1 nM p = 0.04, 0.5 nM p = 0.01, 1 nM p = 0.009; XREF_FIG)."
30147370
sparser
"However, inhibition of Wnt activity did not affect Smad reporter activation and Smad2 phosphorylation induced by RSPO1 or TGFβ1 ( xref )."
28939678
sparser
"IL-15SA/IL-15RA did not decrease the TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 or Smad3 ( xref )."
29392336
sparser
"Consistent with previous reports, we found that TGF-β1 increased the phosphorylation of Smad2 as well as the ECM and α-SMA expression in HIFs."
28592228
sparser
"In vitro results have shown that following tannic acid treatment, TGF-β1 induced Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation is diminished, reversing morphogenic and genetic changes in epithelial cell cultures [ xref ]."
30021582
reach
"Investigation of the effect of 4-MU4-deoxy-xyloside on TGF-beta1 phosphorylation of Smad2/3 and the expression of total Smad2/3 in lung primary fibroblasts showed that 4-MU4-deoxy-xyloside strongly attenuated the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 induced by TGF-beta1."
26751072
reach
"Mechanistically, TGF-beta1 activates receptors to induce the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3."
26799284
sparser
"As shown in xref , TGF-β1 strongly induced the phosphorylation of Smad2 and nuclear translocation of p-Smad and Smad2/3, while KY-05009 inhibited these inductions."
25337707
trips
"TGF-beta1 induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 in Mv1Lu mink lung epithelial cells."
9311995
sparser
"Overexpression of DRAK2 significantly inhibited the TGF-β1-induced Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation ( Figures 2 B, 2C, S2 C, and S2D) and TGF-β1-induced translocation of Smad2 and Smad3 to the nucleus[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
23122956
sparser
"The blocking of Slit2/Robo1 signaling by R5 attenuated TGF-β1 phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 in Lovo cells ( xref D), SW480 cells ( xref ), and tumor tissues of Apc Min+ mice ( xref E) compared with mIgG-treated groups."
31242633
reach
"Inhibition of TGF-beta1 signaling with SB431542 decreased smad2 phosphorylation both in vitro and in vivo and significantly induced pseudoaneurysm formation by day 7 (66.7%)."
29146747
sparser
"Indeed, TGF-β1 induced increased phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 in A549 cells when compared with control cells (Fig.  xref )."
30443024
sparser
"Additionally, TGF-β1 significantly stimulated the endogenous phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3 in RIE-1-TrkB KD cells relative to that of RIE-1-TrkB cells ( xref H)."
32340410
sparser
"Galunisertib showed to significantly inhibit the TGFβ1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3, indicating that the 3D liver scaffolds can be used as drug screening platform."
31905709
sparser
"Quantitative analysis of western blots of triplicate experiments showed that the level of SMAD2 phosphorylation induced by TGF-β1 was significantly down-regulated by SB431542 (Fig. xref )."
20429874
reach
"S3I-201 inhibited the expression of fibrogenesis factors TGFbeta1 and TGFbetaRII, as well as the downstream phosphorylation of Smad2, Smad3, Akt and ERK induced by TGFbeta1."
30206312
reach
"TGF-beta1 at a concentration of 0.1 ng/ml did not induce vimentin expression and only slightly induced phosphorylation of Smad2."
19756912
reach
"Absence of TGFbetaR1 expression and disruption of TGF-beta signaling in Tgfbr1 f/f CD4-Cre + T cells or in T cells treated with the TGFbetaRi were confirmed by the absence of SMAD2 phosphorylation and gene induction by TGF-beta1 (XREF_SUPPLEMENTARY)."
20962846
reach
"SB431542 abrogated the phosphorylation of smad2 by TGFbeta1 in these cells equally."
25826092
reach
"In addition, the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 in LR-MSCs was markedly enhanced by TGF-beta1 but suppressed as a result of the downregulation of miR-877-3p (XREF_FIG)."
27444321
reach
"Importantly, TGFbeta1 treatment efficiently induced phosphorylation of Smad2 in cells expressing WT Runx2 and the mutant proteins (XREF_FIG)."
25808168
sparser
"Furthermore, TGF-β1 induced sustained Smad2 phosphorylation on day 4 which was markedly attenuated by pretreatment with MβCD."
22808268
sparser
"A decrease in TGF-β1 induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 occurred with CXCL9 treatment."
26268659
reach
"TGF-beta1 treatment also induced significant Smad2 phosphorylation in cultured secondary astrocytes (XREF_FIG E)."
15781474
reach
"TGF-beta1 stimulates phosphorylation of Smad2 and/or Smad3 at the conserved C-terminal SSXS motif."
24069312
sparser
"Moreover, TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation was suppressed by treatment with the SB-431542 (10 μM)."
22949889
sparser
"Furthermore, silencing NLRC5 suppressed the expression of TGF-β1-induced Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation in human KFs."
27525969
sparser
"Depletion of PAR2 inhibits TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad3, Smad2 and p38 MAPK."
27248167
sparser
"Ki26894 decreased Smad2 phosphorylation induced by TGF-beta1 in scirrhous gastric cancer cells."
20145621
reach
"A similar scenario was evidenced in bladder cancer, where TGF-beta1 in CAF conditioned medium led to phosphorylation of SMAD2 in cancer cells, resulting in the upregulation of ZEB2NAT."
33572359
reach
"As shown in Figure XREF_FIG, TGF-beta1 treatment significantly increased the phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3 in KLE and HEC-50 cells."
27542208
reach
"Largazole not only inhibited the expression of TGFbetaR2, but also reduced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Akt induced by TGF-beta1."
23279742
reach
"Both eosinophil sonicates and TGF-beta1 led to rapid and sustained phosphorylation of SMAD2, SMAD3 and p38MAPK, without differences between HEF and HEMC (XREF_FIG)."
24486052
reach
"TGFB1 can phosphorylate SMAD2 and SMAD3, which interact with SMAD4 to activate HMGA2, which then activates SNAI1."
30703089
sparser
"RG had a negative effect on the TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of p-Smad3 (S423/425) and p-Smad2 (S476) in Mlg cells ( xref B)."
33671452
sparser
"These results suggest that atRA's inhibitory effect on COL1A1 expression is mediated by blocking TGF-β1-stimulated Smad2 phosphorylation."
21274875
sparser
"As shown in , HGF did not block TGF-β1-initiated Smad-2 phosphorylation in renal interstitial fibroblast NRK-49F cells."
12875981
reach
"After activation, TGF-beta1 phosphorylates its downstream targets Smad2 and Smad3, which then regulate the transcription of fibrosis related genes."
28982169
sparser
"In a normal rat tubular epithelial cell line, NRK-52E; Li et al (31) found that TGF-β1-induced Smad 2 phosphorylation resulted in stimulation of EMT with the loss of E-cadherin, and de novo expression of α-SMA and collagens I, III, and IV."
25729542
sparser
"Inhibition of MMP9 activity with an anti-MMP9 antibody, andecaliximab blocked TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation."
33052708
sparser
"In contrast to an Activin receptor-like kinase 5 (Alk5) inhibitor, C8 and GSK3008348 failed to inhibit TGF-β1 induced SMAD3 and SMAD2 phosphorylation, but inhibited TGF-β-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and STAT3, suggesting that αVβ1 integrin is involved in non-canonical TGF-β signaling pathways."
33876829
sparser
"In Smad7-overexpressing fibroblasts, ablation of TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation marked decreased α-SMA, CTGF, and type I collagen expression."
21054221
sparser
"Interestingly, PZH inhibited the activation of HSC by down-regulating TGF-β1 and phosphorylating Smad2."
36188553
sparser
"The TTB also attenuated the TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation and epithelial to mesenchymal transformation (EMT), and suppressed breast cancer metastasis."
29796175
rlimsp
"TGF-β1 phosphorylated smad2 in OBA9 cells and this phosphorylation was clearly reduced by SB431542 (a TGF-β type I receptor inhibitor)."
25882870
reach
"23,24 In our experiment using Smad4 expressing Colo205 cells, addition of TGF-beta1 caused phosphorylation of Smad2 and formation of the Smad2/3/4 complex."
23891973
sparser
"In the present study, we found that TGF-β1 and IGF-I can stimulate the phosphorylation of Smad2 on Ser245/250/255, an effect which is enhanced by down-regulation of IGFBP-3."
23831640
sparser
"In this study, Western blotting analyses showed that 10 ng/mL TGF-β1 strongly increased the phosphorylation of Smad2, Smad3, Akt, mTOR, and P70S6K (downstream of mTOR) in HCC cells, whereas total Smad2/3, Akt, mTOR, and P70S6K levels were unchanged."
29882900
sparser
"Furthermore, we showed that MSC-CM inhibited TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and ameliorated TGF-β1-induced changes in the protein levels of α-SMA and zonula occludens-1."
23486522
reach
"Hepatic mRNA (XREF_FIG) and protein (XREF_FIG) levels of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), collagen I (Col-1), Smad4, phosphorylated Smad2 (p-Smad2), and phosphorylated Smad3 (p-Smad3) were significantly increased in MCD diet fed mice, which were blunted by Hemin administration."
32461992
reach
"Western blotting demonstrated that TGF-beta1 treatment induced the phosphorylation of SMAD2, and PEA treatment inhibited the TGF-beta1-induced phosphorylation of SMAD2 in a dose dependent manner."
30057547
sparser
"TGF-β1 stimulates phosphorylation of Smad2 and/or Smad3 at the conserved C-terminal SSXS motif."
24069312
sparser
"TGF-beta1-stimulated Smad2 phosphorylation was inhibited by NAC."
15203191
sparser
"In contrast, expression of the miR-200 family had no effect on TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 in the β3-A549 cells (Fig.  xref )."
33883697
sparser
"Therefore, we examined canonical TGFβ signaling in TRAF3 cKO MPCs and found 1-fold enhanced basal and TGFβ1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and 3 (Supplementary Fig.  xref ), with normal levels of total Smad2 and 3."
31243287
sparser
"However, TSA dramatically inhibited TGF-β1–induced phosphorylation of both Smad2 and Smad3 simultaneously."
24456602
sparser
"Our present study showed that endogenous SO 2 markedly inhibited the TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 in VSMCs."
26762477
sparser
"In ZO SMCs, application of SB203580 significantly decreased both the endogenous and TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation ( xref ) compared with solvent control DMSO."
20724704
sparser
"Thus, we examined the phosphorylation and activation of Smad-2 by TGF-β1 in NRK-49F cells by Western blot using phospho-specific Smad-2 antibody. shows the kinetics of Smad-2[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
12875981
sparser
"Lastly, rSPARC blocked TGF- β 1 -induced phosphorylation of SMAD2 in both 3T3 cells and primary human fibroblasts."
21822645
sparser
"Chronic ML290 promotes MMP-2 expression and inhibits TGF-β1-induced Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation in HCFs."
28592882
reach
"TGF-beta1 induction of Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation results in a number of Smad2 and Smad3 protein interactions that regulate Smad2 and Smad3 signaling."
18729074
sparser
"In the TGF-β signaling pathway, TGF-β1 receptor kinases phosphorylate Smad2 and Smad3 in the C-terminal residue, which further forms a complex with Smad4 and promotes nuclear translocation of the complex to regulate downstream gene expression, resulting in stimulation of EMT [ xref – xref ]."
28810875
sparser
"Downregulation of SMAD2 was associated with a nearly complete suppression of TGF-β1-induced SMAD2 phosphorylation after 2 h of incubation ( Fig. 2 C) but did not impair TGF-β1-stimulated CTGF mRNA exp[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
22814105
reach
"The Smad2 phosphorylation induced by TGF-beta1 was down-regulated in Dupuytren 's disease derived-fibroblasts (DD-fibroblasts); hence PFD acted through the canonical Smad signaling pathway at least partially [XREF_BIBR]."
33564498
sparser
"TGF-β1 induced phosphorylation of Smad2 (pSmad2) is decreased upon overexpression of Let-7g in ECs."
26862319
reach
"In the present study, we found that TGF-beta1 and IGF-I can stimulate the phosphorylation of Smad2 on Ser245/250/255, an effect which is enhanced by down-regulation of IGFBP-3."
23831640
sparser
"TGF-β1 induces phosphorylation of SMAD2 via TGF-β receptors."
36189081
sparser
"TGF-β1 phosphorylates Smad2 and Smad3, which then bind separately to Smad4 to form a Smad complex [ xref ]."
31554027
sparser
"Activated TGFB1 phosphorylates Smad2 and Smad3 proteins."
33531692
sparser
"Remarkably, treatment with 0.5 μM (5Z)-7-Oxozeaenol also resulted in inhibition of TGFβ1-induced Smad1/5 and Smad2 phosphorylation."
28569204
reach
"Additionally, TGFbeta1 activated Smad2 phosphorylation, and this was not affected by ILK knockdown."
17187779
sparser
"RER showed similar or more potent activity than the kinase inhibitor in blocking TGF-β1-induced Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation in HeLa and C-4I cells at the concentrations used ( xref and xref )."
29549162
sparser
"In contrast, TGF-β1 induced Smad2 phosphorylation in the majority of cell lines, including cell lines resistant to TGF-β1-mediated cell cycle arrest."
15084245
sparser
"Smad2 and Smad3 are phosphorylated by TGF-β1 signals, then form hetero trimeric complexes about Smad4, translocating into the nucleus, activating the expression level of EMT-TFs, and cooperating with these transcription factors to regulate EMT-related genes ( xref )."
33937049
reach
"TGF-beta1 induces Smad2 phosphorylation, nuclear translocation of Smad2 and Smad3, and transcriptional responses in MSS colon cancer cell lines."
20026115
reach
"Fig 3 demonstrates that in both RIE and RIE-Tr, TGF-beta1 causes an increase in phosphorylation of Smad2."
12219028
sparser
"In silicosis fibroblasts, TGF-β1 induced phosphorylation of Smad2, Smad3, and negative feedback Smad7 inhibition in a dose dependent manner, and the phosphorylation of Smad3 persisted when the upstream signal was blocked."
31706104
sparser
"Long-term exposure to TGF-beta1 results in non-responsiveness to TGF-beta1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation."
11981827
reach
"In serum-free medium, both myostatin and TGFbeta1 stimulated Smad2 phosphorylation, but not that of Smad3, and a Smad3 inhibitor (SIS3) only inhibited proliferation in cells cultured in high serum."
24424069
reach
"TGF-beta1 stimulation indeed caused the transient phosphorylation of Smad2 as demonstrated by Western blotting."
24779367
sparser
"While cycloheximide did not decrease TGF-β1-induced SMAD2 phosphorylation, it significantly reduced TNC-induced SMAD2 phosphorylation ( xref B), suggesting that TNC-induced activation of TGF-β receptors involves the biosynthesis of a signaling molecule."
33217999
reach
"In cultured HK-2 cells, TGF-beta1 dramatically up-regulated TbetaRI expression and phosphorylated levels of Smad 2 and Smad 3, but down-regulated Smad7 expression, consistent with the data in vivo, and confirmed the characteristics of TGF-beta and Smads signaling in EMT [XREF_BIBR]."
20441599
sparser
"The inhibitory effect of KY-05009 on TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 was also confirmed by immunocytochemistry analysis ( xref )."
25337707
reach
"Our results show that TGF-beta 1 (10ng/ml) induces significant increases in the synthesis of collagen type Ialpha2 and fibronectin in the presence of LC3beta II lipidation and increases Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation and p62 degradation (XREF_FIG)."
25789971
reach
"SMAD2 phosphorylation induced by TGF-beta1 treatment for 48 h in 7-9 GW chorionic villi increased the phosphorylated SMAD2 and total SMAD2 ratio by 1.5-fold (XREF_FIG B, RM-one way ANOVA, p = 0.0101, n = 7)."
| PMC
sparser
"Another pathway of metastasis is TGF-β1/smad2/3 signaling pathway in which TGF-β1 phosphorylates smad2 and smad3 and activates MMPs through the smad2/3 pathway to induce metastasis in thyroid cancer."
30634497
trips
"TGF-β1 phosphorylated smad2 in OBA9 cells and this phosphorylation was clearly reduced by SB431542 (a TGF-β type I receptor inhibitor)."
25882870
sparser
"In some cell types, endoglin was found to inhibit TGF-β signaling – for example in chondrocytes, it enhances TGF-β1-induced SMAD1/5 phosphorylation but inhibits TGF-β1-induced SMAD2 phosphorylation [ xref ]."
22943793
reach
"Down-regulation of glypican-1 expression by stable transfection of a full-length glypican-1 antisense construct resulted in decreased anchorage dependent and -independent cell growth in Colo-357 pancreatic cancer cells and attenuated TGF-beta1 induced cell growth inhibition, Smad2 phosphorylation, and PAI-1 promoter activity."
15249209
sparser
"It begins at TGF-β1, TGF-β1 induced Smad2 phosphorylation, and then the binding of Smad3 to IL-31 promoters is started, and finally stimulates the JAK-STAT."
24140943
reach
"As shown in XREF_FIG, TGF-beta1 culture of HK2 cells induced significant phosphorylation of Smad2 and p38 MAPK proteins."
27365897
sparser
"In this study we show that inhibition of ALK4/5/7 kinase activity prevented TGFβ1-induced C-terminal phosphorylation of both Smad2 and Smad1/5."
28569204
reach
"The sensitivity of SMAD2 phosphorylation by TGF-beta1 was enhanced in the Bmpr2 deficient cells, and the inhibitory effect of TGF-beta1-mediated SMAD2 phosphorylation by BMP4 was impaired in the Bmpr2 deficient cells."
23478097
reach
"XREF_BIBR found that EMT was induced by TGF-beta1 treatment in BPH-1 cells and showed that TGF-beta1 at 10ng/ml could drive EMT in BPH-1 cells, while 0.1 ng/ml TGF-beta1 could not induce EMT and only slightly induced phosphorylation of Smad2."
27243216
reach
"Consistent with previous reports, we found that TGF-beta1 increased the phosphorylation of Smad2 as well as the ECM and alpha-SMA expression in HIFs."
28592228
reach
"Thus, it is important to evaluate whether ILK knockdown by ILK-H affects TGFbeta1 stimulated phosphorylation of Smad2."
17187779
reach
"In the Bmpr2 WT pECs, 4TM treatment did not affect Bmpr2 expression (XREF_SUPPLEMENTARY), SMAD1/5/8 phosphorylation by BMP4 (XREF_SUPPLEMENTARY), and SMAD2 phosphorylation by TGF-beta1 (XREF_SUPPLEMENTARY)."
23478097
reach
"TGF-beta1 increased Smad2 phosphorylation in both WT and IRAK-M KO cells after 1h, 4h or 24h of stimulation."
26542797
sparser
"Consistent with this, we found that TGF-β1 induced Smad2 phosphorylation and nuclear accumulation in JEG3 cells."
20003198
sparser
"In addition, the extent of TGFβ1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation was similar at all time points observed (15 min, 30 min, 1 h and 24 h) (data not shown)."
17187779
sparser
"Smad2 phosphorylation by TGF-β1 was completely prevented by SB431542 administration ( xref )."
21437904
sparser
"ANP and cGMP inhibited TGF-beta1-induced pSmad2 and pSmad3 nuclear translocation and expression of periostin, osteopontin, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 mRNA and protein, but not TGF-beta1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3."
17038494
sparser
"Interestingly, we found that incubation with cycloheximide significantly reduced TNC-induced SMAD2 phosphorylation, whereas it did not affect TGF-β1-induced SMAD2 phosphorylation."
33217999
sparser
"Depletion of MYOSLID in SMCs was shown to not only disrupt actin stress fiber formation and block nuclear translocation of MYOCD-related transcription factor A (MKL1), but was also found to abrogate TGF-β1-induced SMAD2 phosphorylation."
28670289
sparser
"TGF-β1 binds to TβRII receptor and promotes phosphorylation of TβRI, and SMAD 2 and 3 proteins."
26312490
sparser
"We also show that TA could exert this effect on cancer cell lines from several different origins and that TA is much better than other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with respect to inhibition of TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation."
23864386
sparser
"Overexpression of Ccn5/Wisp2 reduced both Smad2 and JNK phosphorylation induced by TGFβ1 (Zhang et al. xref )."
29247377
reach
"TGF-beta1 increases the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3, which form heterotrimers with Smad4."
26006249
reach
"In the present study, we showed that TGF-beta1 stimulation resulted in the phosphorylation of Smad2 in HPMCs and that this phosphorylation was inhibited by pre-treatment with 5 nM."
23443842
sparser
"In NMuMG cells, this antibody significantly inhibited Smad2 phosphorylation induced by either soluble mature TGF-β1 or immobilized full-length Tenascins, as compared with control IgG ( xref )."
34054795
sparser
"The decoy receptors prevented exogenous TGF-β1-induced smad-2 phosphorylation in a dosage-dependent manner ( xref )."
22972494
sparser
"We validated that this overexpression did not perturb the dynamics of SMAD2 signaling by monitoring TGFβ1‐induced phosphorylation of endogenous SMAD2 in the parental and reporter cell lines (Figs  xref C and xref A)."
29371237
sparser
"XN attenuated TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3, and the transcriptional activity of CAGA."
36615756
reach
"These data demonstrate that TGF-beta1 indirectly stimulates Smad2 (Ser245/250/255) phosphorylation and that endogenous IGFBP-3 attenuates this effect."
23831640
sparser
"Accordingly, TGF-β1 also induced Smad2 phosphorylation as analyzed by western blotting."
33148869
reach
"TGF-beta1 binds to TGF-beta type I receptor, a transmembrane protein with Ser/Thr kinase domain, and then phosphorylates Smad2 and Smad3, which regulates the expression of downstream target genes and subsequently contributes to promoting EMT and metastasis of many cancer cells [XREF_BIBR]."
29020987
rlimsp
"In vitro, Smad2 is phosphorylated in response to exogenously added recombinant TGFβ1 in SSG3 sebocytes, indicating the TGFβ pathway is intact and active in our in vitro system (Figure 3c)."
23343495
sparser
"We found that U0126, a specific inhibitor of ERK1/2, and SB203580, a specific inhibitor of p38, down-regulated the TGF-beta1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 at both linker and C-terminal sites in rat mesangial cells."
20818498
sparser
"Stimulation for 1 hour with 10% FBS increased phosphorylated‐Smad 2 concentrations, whereas combined stimulation with 10% FBS and recombinant TGFβ1 markedly induced Smad 2 phosphorylation."
24684686
sparser
"These studies demonstrated that Chit1 augments TGF-β1–induced SMAD2 phosphorylation and Smad2 reporter activation ( xref )."
22826322
rlimsp
"Phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 by TGF-beta1 was not inhibited by RGZ or CGZ."
20178607
sparser
"We found that TGF-beta1 caused Smad2 phosphorylation between 0.5 and 1 h of exposure in endothelial cells."
16645187
sparser
"In the cardiac fibroblasts, the medicine efonidipine could inhibit TGF-β1–induced Smad2 phosphorylation markedly attenuated synthesis of collagens resulting in cardiac fibrosis xref ."
23418473
sparser
"In HCFs, ML290 increased cGMP accumulation but did not affect p-ERK1/2 and given chronically activated MMP-2 expression and inhibited TGF-β1-induced Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation."
28592882
sparser
"However, in vitro, Mad showed little effect on TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of either Smad2 or Smad3 in primary mouse lung fibroblasts."
24458872
reach
"TGFbeta1 receptor activation triggers Smad2 phosphorylation in quiescent HSCs, whereas it did so for Smad3 in transdifferentiated HSCs XREF_BIBR."
28004654
reach
"Levels of Smad2 phosphorylation in response to TGF-beta1 were similar in WT and NOX4-/- hepatocytes (XREF_FIG)."
33493901
reach
"In most cells, TGF-beta1 signals via TbetaRII and TbetaRI (also termed ALK5) to induce phosphorylation of Smad2."
26709509
reach
"After short-term incubation (30 min), exogenous TGF-beta1 phosphorylates SMAD2 in both HepG2 and HLE cells."
23826206
sparser
"The TGFβRII-inhibiting antibody also blocked TGFβ1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation ( xref )."
17242066
reach
"TGF-beta1 stimulated ERK1/2 and Smad2 phosphorylation within 60 minutes of exposure."
26001858
reach
"In contrast, TGF-beta1 exposure mainly activated Smad 2 phosphorylation (~ 5 fold), but not Smad 1/5/8 signaling."
24994097
reach
"TGF-beta1 signals through type I and type II serine/threonine kinase receptors, phosphorylating Smad2 and Smad3."
26268659
sparser
"Moreover, ApoA-I impeded the expression level of Slug and Snail, crucial transcriptional factors of EndMT, and it inhibited the TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 which affected the EC morphology."
28434000
sparser
"rhWISP-1 significantly reduced TGF-β1 induced phosphorylation of smad-2."
18404666
rlimsp
"In addition, TGF-β1 phosphorylated MAPKs and increased activator protein-1 (AP-1) in a redox-sensitive manner, and NOX2 suppression inhibited baseline and TGF-β1-mediated stimulation of Smad2 phosphorylation."
24981855
sparser
"Western blot analysis shows that MSC-CM inhibited TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 in HPMCs ( xref )."
23486522
sparser
"Since EPA and DHA demonstrated an inhibitory effect on TGF-β1-induced fibrosis ( xref ), we tested the effects of EPA and DHA on the TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3."
21282499
reach
"[XREF_BIBR; XREF_BIBR] More recently, specific TGFbeta inhibitors, EW-705, EW-7195 and EW-7197, have been shown to disrupt EMT in TGFbeta treated breast cancer cells as well as in in vivo using the 4T1 orthotopic xenograft mouse model [XREF_BIBR; XREF_BIBR; XREF_BIBR] Compounds in clinical trials that may interfere with the EMT by blocking the TGFbeta pathway include LY2157299, a TGFbeta1 receptor inhibitor that specifically downregulates the phosphorylation of SMAD2."
28214899
sparser
"TGF-β1 apparently phosphorylated Smad 2 and Smad 3 as seen in the upregulation ( P  < 0.001), but AITC or HC-030031 did not affect Smad2/3 phosphorylation (Fig.  xref a)."
33579280
reach
"TGF-beta1 signaling results in the phosphorylation and translocation of cytoplasmic SMAD2 into the nucleus and consequent transcriptional activation of its target genes XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR."
24030017
sparser
"TGF-β1 induced phosphorylation of SMAD2 was also significantly inhibited in WT CD4 + T-cells after the addition of ESI-09 and in Epac1 −/− CD4 + T-cells ( xref ), indicating a reduced TGF-β1 response."
25339598
sparser
"We found that TGF-β1 induces phosphorylation of Smad2 in PC-3 cells and PMOs but not in MDA PCa 2b cells ( xref )."
22173053
reach
"Smad2 phosphorylation by TGF-beta1 was completely prevented by SB431542 administration (XREF_FIG)."
21437904
sparser
"TGF-β1 stimulated ERK1/2 and Smad2 phosphorylation within 60 minutes of exposure."
26001858
sparser
"In contrast, native TGF-β1 induced only transient Smad2 phosphorylation for only one day, suggesting that pathway activation is critically dependent on TGF-β1 presentation."
21864893
reach
"In mammary epithelial cells, the blocking antibody significantly compromised Smad2 phosphorylation (XREF_FIG) and subsequent reporter gene activity (XREF_FIG) induced by either soluble mature TGF-beta1 or the coated FBG domain, as compared with control IgG."
24821840
reach
"TGF-beta1 induced EMT in renal tubular epithelial cells, directly through activation of MAPK and indirectly through extra-cellular signal regulated kinases (ERKs), directed Smad 2 phosphorylation."
25729542
sparser
"Moreover, in lung epithelial cells, CCN2 was shown to inhibit BMP4-induced Smad1 phosphorylation while increasing TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation, indicating the specificity for amplifying TGF-β signaling ( xref )."
23567513
sparser
"We found that overexpression of inhibitory Smad-7 completely abolished Smad-2 phosphorylation and activation induced by TGF-beta1 but did not inhibit TGF-beta1-induced apoptosis."
12560323
sparser
"Our data indicate that SPARC modulates the TGF-beta1-dependent phosphorylation of Smad-2 in primary mesangial cells derived from wild-type and SPARC-null mice."
15034927
sparser
"TGF-β1 phosphorylate Smad2 and Smad3 to activate receptors through the combination with its adaptor, Smad anchor with its receptors TGF-β receptor I and II (Wang et al., xref )."
35095558
reach
"As shown in XREF_FIG, either Activin or TGFbeta1 treatment triggered robust Smad2 C-terminal phosphorylation."
26905010
sparser
"In SKOV3 cells, TGF-β1 alone induced phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3, denoting the activation of these two R-SMADs; co-treatment with OFE reduced the levels of p-SMAD2 (4 μg/mL, P  = 0.002 vs. control group; 20 μg/mL, P  = 0.001 vs. control group) and p-SMAD3 (4 μg/mL, P  = 0.035 vs. control group; 20 μg/mL, P  = 0.004 vs. control group), whereas the total expression of SMAD2/3 remained unchanged (Fig.  xref )."
26131016
reach
"In podocytes, TGF-beta1 phosphorylates Smad2."
21541658
sparser
"In all these experiments, we also found that TGF-β1 induced phosphorylation of Smad2, however autophagy had no effect on the p-Smad2 levels."
27177845
reach
"Western blot analysis revealed that TGF-beta1 induces the phosphorylation of both Smad2 and Smad3 15 min after treatment onwards."
21798735
sparser
"Additionally, Kindlin-2 ablation inhibits TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation and chondrocyte differentiation."
26151572
sparser
"Our findings show that eupatilin attenuated TGF–β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and p38 in hVFFs."
33765087
reach
"4-1BB costimulation suppressed Smad2 phosphorylation induced by TGF-beta1, suggesting that 4-1BB effects were at the level of TGF-beta1 signaling."
15353478
sparser
"The intra- and extracellular levels of the ECM-related proteins and the effect of OA on TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of the SMAD2 and SMAD3 proteins were evaluated using Western blotting."
36847714
reach
"It was verified that Smad2 phosphorylation, Erk1/2 phosphorylation and p38 MAPK phosphorylation were all induced by TGF-beta1, with Smad 2 phosphorylation peaking at 1-2 h and MAPK phosphorylation at 24-48 h."
24383372
reach
"As expected, TGFbeta1 in the presence or absence of BMP7 activated the phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3."
25579684
sparser
"We further demonstrate that Kindlin-2 ablation inhibits TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation and chondrocyte differentiation."
26151572
sparser
"Specifically, both LNG-TGF-β1 and LN-TGF-β1 stimulated continuous phosphorylation of Smad2 for at least four days when conjugated within fibrin hydrogels."
21864893
sparser
"Western blotting showed that TGF-β1 induced the phosphorylation of Smad2 and pretreatment with 200 μM tranilast inhibited the TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2, consistent with the blockade of TGF-β signaling (Fig.  xref )."
28540637
reach
"TGF-beta1 that was conjugated into fibrin hydrogels induced sustained phosphorylation of Smad2 and increased the vascular contractility in response to receptor and non receptor mediated agonists as compared to soluble native growth factor."
21864893
sparser
"TGF-β1 phosphorylated smad2 in OBA9 cells and this phosphorylation was clearly reduced by SB431542 (a TGF-β type I receptor inhibitor)."
25882870
sparser
"After applying U18666A pretreatment overnight, the TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 was significantly reduced in NPC2-overexpressed cells ( xref E)."
27420058
reach
"TGF-beta1 induction of Smad 2 and 3 phosphorylation in HPMCs."
21034459
reach
"Phosphorylation of Smad2 at serine 465/467 (pSmad2) and Smad3 at serine 423/425 (pSmad3) by the activated TGFbeta1 receptor modulates their activity, allowing them to translocate to the nucleus and regulate TGFbeta1 target genes XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR."
24075003
reach
"The inability of TGF-beta1 to induce Smad2 phosphorylation in bone marrow derived preosteoclasts treated with M-CSF and RANKL to induce Cre expression confirmed the expression of the dominant negative Tgfbr2 construct in Tgfbr2 OclKO osteoclasts (XREF_SUPPLEMENTARY)."
26108893
reach
"TGF-beta1 activates Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation, and then, phospho-Smad2/3 binds to Smad4 to form hetero-oligomeric complexes."
33679423
sparser
"Western blot analysis showed that TGF-β1 promoted the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 as compared with control, while AAT1 or AAT2 overexpression could markedly inhibit the TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2/3 ( xref )."
26762477
reach
"41 TGF-beta1 binds with TGF-beta type II receptor, then activates the TGF-beta type I receptor and eventually phosphorylates Smad2 and Smad3."
32233073
sparser
"Overexpression of Ras N17 in BZR cells reduced TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 (Supplementary Fig. xref )."
33637682
sparser
"By contrast, UM-SCC 46, which shows reduced expression of a mutant TβRII, treatment with TGF-β1 neither induced phosphorylation of SMAD2, nor increased PAI1 mRNA, as revealed by Western Blotting and RT-PCR, respectively ( xref , right panel, empty vector control)."
22641218
reach
"Rapid TGFbeta1 dependent phosphorylation of Smad2 was present in quiescent HSC (2 days cultured), decreased during activation and was absent in fully transdifferentiated MFB."
11478938
reach
"In contrast to an Activin receptor like kinase 5 (Alk5) inhibitor, C8 and GSK3008348 failed to inhibit TGF-beta1 induced SMAD3 and SMAD2 phosphorylation, but inhibited TGF-beta-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and STAT3, suggesting that alphaVbeta1 integrin is involved in non canonical TGF-beta signaling pathways."
33876829
sparser
"These results suggest a MKP5/p38α MAPK-dependent pathway in the regulation of TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation might predominate."
32843541
reach
"Tranilast reduced CTGF mRNA and phosphorylation of Smad2, which were induced by TGF-beta1 in PTCs and CFs."
16528248
sparser
"It also blocked TGF-β1 induced phosphorylation of Smad2 ( xref )."
21278244
sparser
"In this study, TGF-β1–stimulated smad2 phosphorylation can be inhibited by SB431542 but not U0126, suggesting ALK5 but not MEK to be the upstream signaling molecule of smad2."
26001858
reach
"Indeed we found that TGF-beta1 at different doses (ranged 0.1-10 ng/ml) increased the phosphorylation of Smad2 in OVCAR-3 (XREF_FIG) and SK-OV-3 (XREF_FIG) cells."
24452274
reach
"In this study we show that inhibition of ALK4/5/7 kinase activity prevented TGFbeta1 induced C-terminal phosphorylation of both Smad2 and Smad1/5."
28569204
reach
"Notably, Smad3 and Smad2 are differentially activated by TGFbeta1 in HSCs; in quiescent HSCs, TGFbeta1 receptor activation promotes Smad2 phosphorylation, whereas in transdifferentiated HSCs, it promotes Smad3 phosphorylation."
20890948
sparser
"TGF-β1 induced the phosphorylation of both Smad1,5 and Smad2 whereas BMP-10 increased the levels of pSMAD1,5 only (Fig.  xref a)."
33471197
sparser
"The activated type I receptors then propagate the signal by phosphorylating a family of transcription factors, called receptor-activated Smads ( R-Smads ). xref , xref BMP receptors activate Smad1, Smad5 and Smad8, whereas Smad2 and Smad3 are phosphorylated by the activin and the TGF-[BETA]β receptors."
20427009
sparser
"Finally, loss of MYOSLID abrogated TGFβ1-induced SMAD2 phosphorylation."
27444199
sparser
"Results showed that exposure to TGF-β1 induced phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3 in all tested OC cell lines, but this induction was suppressed by pretreatment with LY."
30087253
sparser
"However, it was unexpectedly noted that phosphorylation of Smad 2, a major transcription factor, was induced by TGF-β1 in SG-2 cells but not in SG-3 or -5 cells."
26781600
sparser
"To determine whether IL-13 or the addition of IL-13 to TGF-β1 augmented Smad-2 and Smad-3 phosphorylation, IL-13, TGF-β1, or IL-13 plus TGF-β1 were added to fibroblasts for 0.25, 1, and 6 hours."
17418380
sparser
"TGF-β1 induces phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3, which form a heteromeric complex with Smad4."
31906396
sparser
"Stimulation of Smad2 phosphorylation by TGF-β1 was inhibited by SB431542 (an ALK5 inhibitor) ()."
26001858
reach
"The results showed that phosphorylation of Smad2 induced by TGF-beta1 was reduced in KIF3C-shRNA cells, while no change was found in phosphorylated Smad3."
26272184
reach
"TGF-beta1 stimulated the proliferation of fibroblasts, promoted phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3, and down-regulated Smad7 expression."
31487583
sparser
"In addition, TGF-β1 enhanced the phosphorylation of non-receptor substrate sites on Smad2(Ser245/250/255), an effect also opposed by TGF-β1-induced IGFBP-3 expression."
23831640
sparser
"However, we unexpectedly noted that the phosphorylation of Smad2, a major transcription factor, was induced by TGF-β1 in the SG-2 cells, but not in the SG-3 or SG-5 cells."
26934950
bel
"The ability of TGF-beta1 to induce BGN mRNA was critically dependent on Smad signaling, since 1) the up-regulation of BGN mRNA was preceded by a marked increase in Smad2 phosphorylation in TGF-beta1-treated PANC-1 cells, 2) TGF-beta1 was unable to induce BGN mRNA in pancreatic carcinoma cell lines that carry homozygous deletions of the Smad4/DPC4 gene, 3) inhibition of the Smad pathway in PANC-1 cells by transfection with a dominant negative Smad4/DPC4 mutant significantly reduced TGF-beta1-induced BGN mRNA expression, 4) stable reintroduction of wild type Smad4/DPC4 into Smad4-null CFPAC-1 cells restored the TGF-beta1 effect,"
12140283
reach
"As expected, phosphorylation of Smad2 was increased by TGF-beta1 from 30min."
24629065
reach
"Quantitative analysis of western blots of triplicate experiments showed that the level of SMAD2 phosphorylation induced by TGF-beta1 was significantly down-regulated by SB431542."
20429874
sparser
"TGF-β1 induced phosphorylation of Smad2 within 15 min of stimulation, reached a maximum at 30 min after treatment and remained high level during the experiment without affecting total Smad2 expression(P>0.05)."
25656033
sparser
"Its downstream signaling Smad2 is phosphorylated by activated TGF-β1."
32319537
sparser
"We determined the inhibitory effect of IN-1130 on TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 or the nuclear translocation of Smad proteins in fibroblasts."
22323974
sparser
"In the Bmpr2 WT pECs, 4TM treatment did not affect Bmpr2 expression ( xref ), SMAD1/5/8 phosphorylation by BMP4 ( xref ), and SMAD2 phosphorylation by TGF-β1 ( xref )."
23478097
reach
"In addition, oridonin reduced the levels of Smad2, Smad3, Smad4, PAI-1 and the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 induced by TGF-beta1 in vitro."
31686852
sparser
"The sensitivity of SMAD2 phosphorylation by transforming growth factor-β1 was enhanced in the Bmpr2-deficient cells, and the inhibitory effect of transforming growth factor-β1-mediated SMAD2 phosphorylation by BMP4 was impaired in the Bmpr2-deficient cells."
23478097
sparser
"Furthermore, apigenin inhibited TGF-β1-induced Smad 2 and Smad 3 phosphorylation in ASMCs."
26722444
sparser
"Importantly, phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 induced by TGF-β1 was comparable between control and AUF1 knockdown cells when Nedd4L expression was decreased ( Fig. 3 E)."
28986222
sparser
"In our study, TGF-β1-stimulated Smad2 phosphorylation in HIFs was insensitive to a PI3 kinase inhibitor (Akt inhibitor; LY294002), suggesting that TGF-β1-stimulated Smad2 phosphorylation occurs independently of the PI3 kinase/Akt pathway, which is similar to previous reports [ xref , xref ]."
28592228
sparser
"TGF-β1 increases the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3, which form heterotrimers with Smad4."
26006249
reach
"Would healing and Transwell migration assay demonstrated that TGF-beta1 significantly promoted motion of HK2 cells, while the promotive effect on cell motion was significantly suppressed in HK2 cells [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
28986222
sparser
"After activation, TGF-β1 phosphorylates its downstream targets Smad2 and Smad3, which then regulate the transcription of fibrosis-related genes."
28982169
reach
"In addition, TGF-beta1 also failed to phosphorylate Smad2 in calcium-free medium (DMEM, Life Technologies) (XREF_FIG, n = 6)."
21897055
reach
"As shown in XREF_FIG, western blotting results demonstrated that TGF-beta1 significantly increased the levels of Smad-2 phosphorylation and moderately enhanced Smad-3 phosphorylation."
25435153
sparser
"Although the SMAD7 gene also decreased TGF-β1-stimulated SMAD2 phosphorylation, it did not yield statistical significance (Figure xref and xref )."
25532569
reach
"Finally, LIPUS stimulation suppressed TGF-beta1 (transforming growth factor-beta1)-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 in HK-2 (human proximal tubular cell line) cells cells."
33131306
sparser
"Using antisera against phosphorylated Smad2, we showed that TGF-beta1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation in a concentration- and time-dependent manner."
12684705
reach
"Although TGF-beta1 increased Smad2 phosphorylation, TWEAK had no additional effect on it."
25890309
sparser
"Reduced expression of MYOSLID attenuates TGFβ1-induced SMAD2 phosphorylation, indicating a positive feedback loop between TGFβ1/SMAD and MYOSLID in regulating VSMC differentiation."
27444199
sparser
"The infection of rAd-shRGMa in cultured astrocytes markedly inhibited the TGFβ1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 (Fig.  xref ), indicating that RGMa regulates TGFβ1-induced reactive astrogliosis and glial scar formation through Smad2/3 signaling pathways."
29396549
sparser
"Treatment with TGF-β1 induced phosphorylation of SMAD2, especially in the nuclear fraction."
22641218
sparser
"We show that: (i) GT1-1 cells express Smad 2, 3, 4, and 7; (ii) TGFbeta1 enhances the phosphorylation of Smad 2 and 3 at short times of exposure (15-30 min); (iii) TGFbeta1 induces the synthesis of the inhibitory Smad 7 at longer times (60-120-240 min); (iv) the conditioned medium of type 1 astrocytes enhances the phosphorylation of Smad 2 and 3 in GT1-1 cells and a TGFbeta1 neutralising antibody counteracts this effect."
16219004
sparser
"Finally, loss of MYOSLID abrogated transforming growth factor-β1-induced SMAD2 phosphorylation."
27444199
sparser
"Furthermore, the overexpression or knockdown of STAT1 influences TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation and affects EOC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion."
29751820
reach
"Additionally, TSP-1 could activate transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) then induced the smad2 phosphorylation, and expedited the expression of GAP-43 to promote neurite outgrowth."
29221205
sparser
"Results showed that Smad2 phosphorylation (Ser465/467) was significantly enhanced by TGF-β1."
31969558
sparser
"TGF-β1 strongly induced Smad2 phosphorylation (Fig. xref )."
20003198
sparser
"The sensitivity of SMAD2 phosphorylation by TGF-β1 was enhanced in the Bmpr2 -deficient cells, and the inhibitory effect of TGF-β1-mediated SMAD2 phosphorylation by BMP4 was impaired in the Bmpr2 -deficient cells."
23478097
reach
"The cell signaling assay demonstrated that active TGF-beta1 present in rF20 prior to antibody affinity chromatography triggered Smad2 phosphorylation, and acid activation of the LAP-TGF-beta1 triggered stronger Smad2 phosphorylation (XREF_FIG)."
23119075
sparser
"This in turn activates TGF-RI, which phosphorylates Smad2 and Smad3 ( xref ), which then form a complex with Smad4."
18981148
sparser
"In addition to RNA silencing, FGF2 activates the Ras-MAPK signaling pathway that regulates TGFB1-induced SMAD2 phosphorylation in lymphatic ECs ( xref )."
32226439
sparser
"TGF-β1 phosphorylates Smad2 and Smad3 and subsequently associates with the common partner Smad4, which translocates into the nucleus and activates the expression of TGF-β-responsive genes [ xref ]."
32515466
sparser
"TGF-β1 induces Smad2 phosphorylation, nuclear translocation of Smad2 and Smad3, and transcriptional responses in MSS colon cancer cell lines."
20026115
reach
"TGF-beta1 stimulation leads to the direct phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 by TbetaRI [3]."
12837295
reach
"In this work, we have demonstrated in human podocytes culture TGFbeta1 2.5 ng/ml induced phosphorylation of Smad1/5/8, Smad2 and Smad3 via the ALK5 receptor."
29729706
sparser
"PEA treatment inhibited the TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of SMAD2 in a dose-dependent manner, and upregulated the expression of SMAD7 ."
30057547
sparser
"Moreover, EPAC1 inhibits TGFβ1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation and antagonizes TGFβ1/TβRI-mediated transcriptional activation, inhibition of cell adhesion and stimulation of cell migration ( xref )."
26119090
sparser
"DEX causes increased protein levels of TGFβ1 and phosphorylated SMAD2 in A549 cells [ xref ]."
35998480
sparser
"In serum-free medium, both myostatin and TGFβ1 stimulated Smad2 phosphorylation, but not that of Smad3, and a Smad3 inhibitor (SIS3) only inhibited proliferation in cells cultured in high serum."
24424069
sparser
"Activation of Smad proteins is known to be the key signaling pathway of the profibrotic effect of TGF-beta1, AM at 10(-8) M exerted no effect on TGF-beta1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation, but prevented the suppression of the inhibitory Smad6 protein by TGF-beta1 and restored Smad2-Samd6 complex formation."
15665522
reach
"Fish Oil Does Not Block Pressure Overload Induced TGF-beta1 Production or Phosphorylation of Smad2."
21282499
sparser
"Lack of this gene inhibits TGFB1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation and chondrocyte differentiation (Wu et al. xref )."
30382374
sparser
"Elevated TGF-beta1 levels were associated with TGF-beta1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2."
16936247
reach
"Our findings also indicate that omega-3 PUFAs do not inhibit TGF-beta1 fibrotic signaling at the level of the TGF-beta1 ligand, TGF-beta1 receptors or phosphorylation of Smad2."
21282499
sparser
"Mechanistically, largazole inhibited TGFβR2 expression, as well as TGFβ1-induced phosphorylation of SMAD2 and AKT [ xref ]."
33086678
sparser
"TGFbeta1-induced C-terminal phosphorylation of Smad2 was inhibited in vivo and in vitro in the presence of Epac1."
17203972
reach
"TGF-beta1 treatment of Hs578T and MDA-MB-231 TrkB-shRNA cells increased the level of SMAD2 and SMAD3 phosphorylation relative to the control-shRNA cells (XREF_FIG C)."
32340410
sparser
"FGF1 with heparin also inhibited TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation, α-SMA expression and collagen gel contraction, suggesting FGF1 inhibited myofibroblast differentiation by negative regulation of the TGF-β/Smad signalling axis [ xref ]."
36102060
sparser
"Western blotting analysis showed TGF-β1 induced Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation was inhibited by triptolide pretreatment, and the level of Smad7 was increased by triptolide pretreatment."
25447441
reach
"TGF-beta1 phosphorylated Smad2 on the non receptor substrate sites (Ser245/250/255)."
23831640
sparser
"TGFbeta-1-Induced Phosphorylation of Smad2 in FAP-Upregulating and FAP-Non-Upregulating Human Glioma Cells."
33494271
sparser
"Li et al. reported that the induction of TIMP-3 by TGF-β1 was Smad2-dependent and redox sensitive as NAC or reduced GSH blocked TGF-β1-stimulated Smad2 phosphorylation and TIMP-3 expression [ xref ]."
19800967
reach
"Phosphorylation of Smad2 and differentiation of smooth muscle cells can be rescued by exogenous TGF-beta1 in the yolk sac culture, consistent with the idea that lower levels of TGF-beta or reduced responsiveness required for receptor activation play a role in HHT pathogenesis [XREF_BIBR]."
22187650
sparser
"An important molecule of TGFβ signal transduction, smad2 was also phosphorylated by TGFβ1."
20934403
reach
"The ability of TGF-beta1 to induce Smad2 phosphorylation was impaired in DLD1 and HCT116 cell lines."
20026115
sparser
"Further investigation revealed that rhALR suppresses the expression of TGF-β receptor type II (TβR II) and significantly alleviates TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)."
25092350
sparser
"MSC-CM inhibited TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and counteracted TGF-β1-induced EMT of HPMCs."
23486522
sparser
"The Smad2 phosphorylation induced by TGF-β1 was down-regulated in Dupuytren's disease derived-fibroblasts (DD-fibroblasts); hence PFD acted through the canonical Smad signaling pathway at least partially [ xref ]."
33564498
reach
"Paradoxically, TGFbeta1 induces SMAD2 phosphorylation and translocation into the nucleus that negatively impacts the cell cycle."
33578952
sparser
"IL-13 enhanced TGF-beta1-induced Smad-2 and Smad-3 phosphorylation, transient transfection with dominant-negative Smad-2 or Smad-3 decreased TIMP-1 mRNA expression in the presence of TGF-beta1 and IL-13+TGF-beta1 through inhibition of Smad-2 or Smad-3 phosphorylation."
17418380
sparser
"In contrast, TGF-β1 induced increased Smad2 phosphorylation in HPMCs ( p <0.001), and pretreatment with ≥0.1 nM of eribulin significantly decreased this effect (0.05 nM p =0.22, 0.1 nM p =0.04, 0.5 nM p =0.01, 1 nM p =0.009; xref )."
30147370
reach
"It is well accepted that TGF-beta 1 mediates fibrosis by activating the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 XREF_BIBR."
25056456
sparser
"We found that CARMN knockdown did not affect TGF-β1-induced Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation ( xref and xref )."
34289702
sparser
"In human articular chondrocytes, endoglin interacts with ALK1 [ xref ] and was shown to enhance TGFβ1-induced Smad1/5 phosphorylation and to inhibit TGFβ1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation [ xref ]."
23088614
sparser
"Similarly, PD153035 pretreatment also showed little effect on TGF-β1–induced Smad2 phosphorylation in SCAPs (data not shown)."
26001858
sparser
"The inhibition of TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 has been demonstrated in models of renal, hepatic, cardiac and pulmonary fibrosis ( xref – xref )."
26559782
sparser
"TGF-beta1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation and TIMP-3 protein expression could be inhibited by the Smad2/3 phosphorylation inhibitors, PD169316 and SB203580 and by Smad2-specific siRNA."
18471442
sparser
"In contrast, TGF-beta1 induced Smad2 phosphorylation in the majority of cell lines, including cell lines resistant to TGF-beta1-mediated cell cycle arrest."
15084245
sparser
"In summary, our results demonstrate that TGF-β1 simultaneously induces Smad2 and MAPK phosphorylation followed by ROS (most likely H 2 O 2 ) and TIMP-3 gene expression in articular chondrocytes."
15203191
sparser
"While the TGFβ1-induced activation of SMADs is thought to occur independently of p38 MAPK, we observed a slight attenuation of TGFβ1-induced SMAD2 phosphorylation (i.e., primarily apparent after 2 h) in cells harboring S134A-GR (Supplementary Fig.  xref F)."
32357907
reach
"35,36 Thus, we examined the phosphorylation and activation of Smad-2 by TGF-beta1 in NRK-49F cells by Western blot using phospho specific Smad-2 antibody."
12875981
sparser
"The effect of FGF-1+H was mediated by a significant decrease of TGF-beta1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation."
16766579
reach
"In ESCs, the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 and upregulation of Smad4 were induced by TGF- beta 1 whereas the expression of Smad7 was inhibited."
33981353
sparser
"TGF-β1 induced phosphorylation of Smad2 (pSmad2) at all the time points examined, and the level of Smad2 phosphorylation remained elevated for the duration of the experiment without affecting total Smad2 expression."
19506550
sparser
"In all gliomas, TGF-beta1 induced phosphorylation of Smad2."
10048979
sparser
"However, HKL treatment significantly decreased the TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 proteins in a dose-dependent manner ( xref B)."
31936371
sparser
"Here, TGF-β1 induced the phosphorylation of Smad2 and the nuclear translocation of cytosolic Smad2/3, and CX-4945 inhibited those inductions in a dose-dependent manner ( xref )."
24023938
sparser
"The relative intensities of phospho-SMAD2/SMAD2/3 suggest that SB431542 effectively suppressed TGF-β1-induced SMAD2 phosphorylation in BV-2 microglia."
20429874
sparser
"However, co-treatment with TSA completely prevented TGF-beta1-induced morphologic changes and significantly prevented TGF-beta1-induced downregulation of E-cadherin and upregulation of collagen type I. Treatment with TSA did not alter TGF-beta1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 but induced several inhibitory factors of TGF-beta1 signals, such as inhibitors of DNA binding/differentiation 2 (Id2) and BMP-7."
17135397
sparser
"PA decreased TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of smad2 and smad3 in a concentration-dependent manner ( xref B), and PA decreased TGF-β1-induced SBE4 luciferase activity in a concentration-dependent manner ( xref C)."
31795488
reach
"TGF-beta1 contributes to atrial fibrosis via TGF-beta1-Smad pathway by phosphorylating Smad2."
18194448
sparser
"After 30 min, TGF-β1 induced phosphorylation of Smad-2 while rhWISP-1 had no significant effect upon this ( xref )."
18404666
sparser
"In addition, TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Erk1/2 was evaluated."
28446792
sparser
"Notably, none of these inhibitors eliminated the TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2."
28521467
reach
"We show that : (i) GT1-1 cells express Smad 2, 3, 4, and 7; (ii) TGFbeta1 enhances the phosphorylation of Smad 2 and 3 at short times of exposure (15-30 min); (iii) TGFbeta1 induces the synthesis of the inhibitory Smad 7 at longer times (60-120-240 min); (iv) the conditioned medium of type 1 astrocytes enhances the phosphorylation of Smad 2 and 3 in GT1-1 cells and a TGFbeta1 neutralising antibody counteracts this effect."
16219004
sparser
"For that reason, we performed a dose–response curve of SB431542 to evaluate TGFβ1-stimulated smad2 phosphorylation ( xref C and D)."
23635013
reach
"TGF-beta1 strongly induced Smad2 phosphorylation."
20003198
sparser
"Furthermore, Klotho suppresses TGF-β1-induced Smad2 phosphorylation in a rat tubular epithelial cell line suggesting that Klotho protein inhibits fibrosis primarily through inhibiting TGF-β1 signaling [ xref ]."
23652549
sparser
"However, after cotreatment with tranilast, a significant decrease in TGF-β1-induced Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation was observed."
31554027
sparser
"In contrast, TRC105 treatment only marginally modulated TGF-β1 induced Smad 2 phosphorylation (panel C)."
24994097
bel
"TGF-beta phosphorylation of Smad2/3, an obligatory step of intracellular TGF-beta signaling, was also suppressed by VEGF. VEGF attenuation of TGF-beta action was also demonstrated in two other endothelial cell lines. In conclusion, VEGF attenuates TGF-beta action in the human endothelial cell, specifically at the level of transcription of PAI-1 gene and Smad2/3 phosphorylation"
15494412
sparser
"The Western blot results showed that NgBR knockdown abolished the TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 (p-Smad2 and p-Smad3) (Fig. xref A)."
33403029
sparser
"S3I-201 inhibited the expression of fibrogenesis factors TGFβ1 and TGFβRII, as well as the downstream phosphorylation of Smad2, Smad3, Akt and ERK induced by TGFβ1."
30206312
reach
"TGF-beta1 also activated ROS production, Smad2 phosphorylation, and MAPK pathways, all of which are inhibited by NAC."
15203191
sparser
"Whereas BMP-2 induced Smad1/5 phosphorylation and TGF-β1 induced Smad2 phosphorylation, expression of TβRIII only modestly inhibited BMP-2–induced Smad1/5 phosphorylation (Supplemental Figure S3A), and had no effect on TGF-β1–induced Smad2 phosphorylation (Supplemental Figure S3B)."
21411633
reach
"Here, our results confirmed that TGF-beta1 indeed induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 at Ser465/467 and Ser423/425 residues, subsequently, it translocated into the nucleus as evidenced by both Western blot analyses and immunostaining."
25658913
reach
"In ESCs, the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 and upregulation of Smad4 were induced by TGF-beta1 whereas the expression of Smad7 was inhibited."
33981353
sparser
"Most importantly, they found that ATRA alone or in combination with UDCA repressed CYP7A1 expression in human hepatocytes, and significantly inhibited collagen 1A1 (COL-1A1), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression and/or activity in primary human hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and LX-2 cells (a HSC cell line), and TGF-β1 induced Smad2 phosphorylation in LX-2 cells."
23344030
sparser
"To clarify the mechanism underlying the inhibitory effect of OFE on TGF-β1 signals, we explored the effect of OFE on TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3."
26131016
sparser
"rhWISP-1 significantly reduced TGF-beta1 induced phosphorylation of Smad-2."
18404666