IndraLab
Statements
CALM1 binds SAFB. 1000 / 1585
|
1585
sparser
"The 3Rs principle based on replacement, reduction,
and refinement was derived from this directive and set the focus on
the use of alternative methods. xref As early
as 1985, HET-CAM contributed to the 3Rs principle and is now acknowledged
as an alternative test option to the Draize test. xref It can be used to investigate the potential for irritation
and the biocompatibility of a formulation."
sparser
"In addition to safety for ocular applications, evaluation via HET-CAM is also related to the irritant potential in other epitheliums, which can be correlated to the mucous/substrates, such as the vaginal epithelium, demonstrating that its application through different routes of administration are favored [ xref ]."
sparser
"Further analyzed the synthesized hydrogel beads using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, sol-gel analysis, scanning electron microscope, thermogravimetric analysis, swelling studies, drug loading assessment, in vitro drug release testing, kinetic modelling, HET-CAM toxicity evolution and in vivo pharmacokinetics study."
sparser
"We put in experimental parameters such as the intensity ratio of 1 O 2 and PS phosphorescence at 1270 nm, the triplet decay time of pyropheophorbide-a (pP) in oxygen-free micellar suspensions (around 415 µs), the 1 O 2 kinetics in blood (as determined in a HET-CAM [ xref ] model) and drug concentration both in the tumor and in plasma as well as published parameters for oxygen solubility and diffusion in different types of tissue [ xref , xref ]."
sparser
"The Hen’s Egg Test on the Chorioallantoic Membrane (HET-CAM) assay is a widely accepted in ovo method for assessing irritation potential, particularly for ophthalmic and dermatological formulations, serving as a reliable tool to balance therapeutic efficacy and biocompatibility of active compounds, enhancing the selection of promising compounds for further pharmaceutical development [ xref ]."
sparser
"Furthermore, taking into account the direct contact of CHX with both the cutaneous surface and the mucosa of the oral cavity during clinical use, the potential in ovo irritant property of CHX was also determined using the Hen’s Egg-Chorioallantoic Membrane (HET-CAM) test due to its wide application in the assessment of the irritant effects on mucous membranes, and its correlation with the results of dermal irritation tests [ xref , xref ]."
sparser
"HET‐CAM test, a sensitive, rapid, and cost‐effective method using incubated eggs, represents an efficient approach for detection of ocular corrosives and irritants. [ xref ] The HET‐CAM assay demonstrated that the BM/BX SDNs exhibited no signs of irritation upon applied to the CAM, indicating their non‐irritant properties."
sparser
"96: ″ Hen's Egg Test on the Chorioallantoic Membrane (HET‐CAM) provided by EURL ECVAM dataset on alternative methods to animal experimentation (DB‐ALM) guidelines. [ xref ] Accordingly, the time noted in seconds were applied to the predictive model formula to calculated the irritation score (IS) = (301 – H)*5/300 + (301 – L)*7/300 + (301 – C)*9/300."
sparser
"The favorable zero-order kinetics that prolonged capsaicin release and the significantly faster transdermal penetration of the NLC attributed to the reduction in skin irritation of the concentrated capsaicin NLCs, as illustrated by the in vitro EpiDerm TM three-dimensional human skin irritation test and hen’s egg test chorioallantoic membrane assay (HET-CAM)."
sparser
"Irritation tests of the chili extract-loaded lipid-based nanoparticle and the gel formulation containing the chili extract-loaded lipid nanocarrier were performed using the hen’s egg test chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) assay and the in vitro skin irritation EpiDerm TM test model, respectively."
sparser
"These results were corroborated by the HET-CAM assay, since no hemorrhage, clotting, vascular lysis, or vessel bleeding were observed when VD 3 S-PEG 600 and PTX+VD 3 S-PEG 600 micelles contacted the CAM ( xref ), with similar results to those observed for the negative control (0.9 % NaCl)."
sparser
"Compared with other alternative tests, the HET-CAM test has some good points, such as could be carried out for all types of chemical substance (liquid or powder), applied with the similar condition of in vivo test, easy to access for research, not expensive, not need complicated animal room facility, and simple method [ xref , xref ]."
sparser
"Thus, this study proposed to apply two strategies for the prediction of the eye irritation potential of different concentrations of surfactants and silicones, the first one involving evaluation Hen's Egg Test - Chorioallantoic Membrane (HET-CAM), and the other one using Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability (BCOP) followed by histopathological."
sparser
"HET-CAM was considered important in assessing the ocular irritation potential and, despite classifying almost all surfactants as "severe irritants", it could discriminate moderate and slight irritant SLES concentrations as well as Cocoamidopropyl Betaine as a severe irritant, when the coagulation score was taken into consideration."
sparser
"X-MC and X-MCBCf aerogels
were also evaluated through several in vitro (cell
compatibility, hemolytic activity), in ovo (Hen’s
Egg Test on the Chorioallantoic Membrane (HET-CAM)) and preliminary in vivo ( Artemia salina model) tests to
ensure their standards and safety to sustain in vivo performance."
sparser
"The biological
evaluation of polyurea-cross-linked 3D-printed cellulose aerogels
was carried out following well-stablished protocols for the characterization
of aerogels regarding their cytocompatibility, hemolytic activity,
HET-CAM, and preliminary safety tests. xref , xref , xref "
sparser
"Additionally, another method of using chicken hen eggs, called the HET-CAM method, a score of 0 was recorded in one study and suggested that it was appropriate to use chitosan nanoparticles to deliver antibiotics, with the added boon of less frequent dosing and longer exposure to the drug applied in the eye xref ."
sparser
"The HET-CAM assay (hen’s eggs test–chorioallantoic membrane) revealed a strong anti-inflammatory property of ethanol and aqueous extracts from aerial parts of Dr. rotundifolia and ethanol extract from Dr. madagascariensis at the doses of 500 μg of extracts/pellet; the anti-inflammatory effect was stronger than that exerted by 50 μg of hydrocortisone/pellet (control) [ xref ]."
sparser
"In this feasibility study we demonstrated successful imaging and analysis of target-specific radiotracer accumulation in a HET-CAM xenograft model by combined PET and MRI, using the PSMA-specific PET tracer [ 68 Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 and PSMA-positive and PSMA-negative tumor cell lines."
sparser
"Prior to the experiment, the HET-CAM test was validated using normal saline solution (NSS) as a negative control, whereas sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) aqueous solution (1% w / v ) was used as a positive control because of its irritating effects on the skin, resulting in increased transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and skin erythema xref ."
sparser
"Since the HET-CAM test has been proposed as a useful in vitro assay for the irritation assessment of cosmetic formulations and ingredients, especially eye irritation xref , it can be concluded that all black D. longan seed extracts are safe for topical application as an active cosmetic ingredient."
sparser
"Studies comparing the irritation potential of several test substances have demonstrated a good correlation between the HET-CAM and in vivo Draize test, and as such, it is recommended by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) as a well-validated alternative to in vivo testing [ xref , xref ]."
sparser
"In contrast to the Draize test, LVET in living animals and the BCOP or HET-CAM tests our approach aims to a reproducible delivery of corrosives and test substances for evaluation of the ocular toxicity onto a very small and exactly defined area of the cornea, whereas in all other before mentioned systems the substances are delivered by a higher volume onto the totality of the ocular surface."
sparser
"HET-CAM assay was used in order to assess the toxicity of compounds 6 and 7 ( xref ); the procedure is a low-cost, unique model in biomedical research [ xref ] that allows the testing of the irritation potency of chemical compounds while simultaneously avoiding in vivo experiments [ xref ]."
| PMC
sparser
"Biological activities were assessed through antimicrobial testing, cytotoxicity assays on human keratinocytes and melanoma cells, and an in ovo screening using the HET-CAM assay. (3) Results : The formation of crystalline Ag 2 O/Ag nanoparticles with sizes below 100 nm was accomplished with Puerarin."
sparser
"Despite their high cytotoxicity at all tested concentrations, the nanoparticles showed antioxidant activity with IC 50 981.5 ± 94.2 μg/mL, antibacterial activity against several clinically relevant nosocomial strains ( Streptococcus pyogenes , Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa ), and no local irritant effects or inhibition of angiogenesis in the HET-CAM assay. (4) Conclusions : This study provides insights into the synthesis, characterization, and biological profile of PUE@Ag 2 O/Ag nanoparticles for potential biomedical applications."
sparser
"Implants were manufactured by a hot-molding technique, characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Scanning Electron Microscopy; evaluated in terms of ocular biocompatibility by immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, cell migration, Hen's egg test-chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) irritation test; and investigated in terms of in vitro efficacy against Toxoplasma gondii ."
sparser
"The CIP@GC(PLA) (NPs) (1:1) realized the highest association with human corneal epithelial cells, which were nonirritant to the hen's egg-chorioallantoic membrane test (HET-CAM test) and demonstrated significant antibacterial response in the in vitro minimum inhibitory, bactericidal, live-dead cells, zone of inhibition, and biofilm inhibition assays against the keratitis-inducing pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa ."
sparser
"We used a lower range of concentrations in the HET-CAM test (0.5 %, 1.0 %, and 2 % EKGR, for the vascular irritation test) and in the rabbits (0.25 %, 0.5 %, and 1.0 %, for acute dermal irritation test), as well as a higher range of doses in rats (0.5 %, 1.0 %, 2.0 %, and 4.0 %) and single-dose in rabbits (pure EKGR 200 mg/kg BW)."
sparser
"Before extending the analysis on human volunteers, the safety of Micah was assessed by the usual tests: genotoxicity (Ames test), ocular irritation (HET-CAM), phototoxicity (MTT ex vivo and in vivo on 22 volunteers), and sensitization (human repeated insult patch test on 50 volunteers)."
sparser
"The potential irritancy was detected by observing adverse changes which occur in the CAM of the hen’s egg, after exposure to both hydro-alcoholic extracts obtained by aerial parts and leaves of Ocimum basilicum L. Correlating with the lack of severe cytotoxicity on skin-derived cell lines and on the in vivo skin measurements, the results obtained in the HET-CAM assay ( xref and xref ) confirms the biocompatibility and good tolerance of both basil hydro-alcoholic extracts on the vascular developing plexus."
sparser
"At the end of 5 min, the results of the HET-CAM test indicate that the developed blank and drug-loaded ME did not cause any damage to the blood vessels and exhibited no sensitizing effects, hence demonstrating their non-irritant properties as compared to the positive control ( xref )."
sparser
"The mean score for 0.9% NaCl ( xref A), Blank ME ( xref C), Axitinib ME ( xref D), Fenofibrate ME ( xref E), and Sirolimus ME ( xref F) was observed 0 after 5 min of HET-CAM treatment with no damage to the blood vessels (normal network of capillary architecture); thus, the developed formulations were categorized as non-irritant."
sparser
"The investigation has initiated with the evaluation of inhibiting the angiogenesis which is a main activity in metastasis, and it was assessed through Hen’s Egg Test on Chorio Allantoic Membrane (HET-CAM) test; the BSM inhibited the growth of blood vessels in the developing chick embryo."
sparser
"From the microbiological tests and the application of the keratin particles to ex vivo eukaryotic tissue of the endothelial and epithelial cells of the chorioallantoic membrane in the HET-CAM study, the keratin particles revealed neither irritative potential on sensible membranes nor any safety issues regarding microbiological infestation."
sparser
"These results revealed that B. hispida peel extracts are suitable for further developing topical products or skin care products with safety similar to that of other extracts that have been reported to have no irritation potential after being tested using the HET-CAM assay [ xref , xref , xref ]"
sparser
"Their in vivo efficacy was evaluated, along with drug retention in porcine and human skin after 30 min of administration, chemical stability at different temperatures, cytotoxicity, histological changes induced via transdermal application, and irritative potential, assessed using the HET-CAM assay. (3) Results: Both formulations reduced inflammation when applied 30 min before perforation compared to the positive control."
sparser
"The T14diLys/DOPE formulations with DNA showed excellent biocompatibility tested with the Hen’s egg test on the Chorioallantonic Membrane test (HET-CAM), and no charge-related toxic effects of the lipoplexes at the nitrogen-to-phosphate ratio (N/P ratio) 4 were observed in vitro."
sparser
"In case of an unwanted evaporation of a volatile solvent the remaining unresorped solid test substance can be found laying on the inner egg membrane so that the examiner is alerted for a possibly wrong negative outcome of the test.
• Local irritant effects, which can result in an increased mortality due to local effects can be
detected immediately by macroscopic observation in analogy to the established HET-CAM [11]. • The vitality of the embryo can be judged better through the air cell opening than by candling the unopened egg, so that embryos with a reduced vitality can be eliminated from the experiment. • The air cell route is easier in handling than the albumen route."
sparser
"A supramolecular cyclodextrin deep eutectic solvent (DES)-chitosan eutectogel demonstrated enhanced solubility (via DES) and sustained skin retention of RES through electrostatic and hydrogen bonding interactions, significantly improving psoriasis-like symptoms in mice compared with a commercial calcipotriol ointment. xref RES-loaded elastic nanocarriers (spanlastics) incorporated into carbopol gel achieved nano-sized particles (particle size: nanoscale range) with sustained drug release (73.76% ± 2.46% over 8 h) and superior in vivo efficacy in reducing erythema and inflammatory cytokines. xref Polymeric micelles embedded in carbomer gel optimized through QbD showed improved skin deposition and in an vivo anti-psoriatic activity with significant reductions in PASI scores and serum cytokine levels in imiquimod-induced mice. xref A triple bioactive nanoemulsion gel (curcumin-thymoquinone-RES) exhibited synergistic effects, achieving 76.20 ± 1.67 nm droplet size and significant anti-angiogenic activity in HET-CAM assays. xref Lastly, QbD-driven nanoemulgel formulations significantly increased skin deposition (668.65 ± 11.98 µg·cm − ²) compared to conventional gels. xref These innovations collectively address formulation challenges while enhancing the therapeutic outcomes in preclinical models."
sparser
"Since the formulations are intended for being applied to different body areas, including the human face (for instance, eyebrow), we evaluated any possible irritating effects on the eyes by utilizing the HET-CAM technique that involves using the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of fertilized chicken eggs, which is a highly vascularized membrane that reacts to irritants in a way similar to human mucous membranes."
sparser
"Finally, the safety of the four fermentation broths were evaluated through the red blood cell (RBC) test and hen’s egg test on chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM), and the storage stability of the fermentation broths was investigated through changes in the pH value and soluble solid content."
sparser
"The nanomicelle formulations passed the hen's egg-chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) test effectively and significantly improved ALA flow through the cornea and decreased lag time. xref Besides, nanospheres exhibited exceptional levels of physical and chemical stability in order to serve as a therapeutic agent with antioxidant properties and encapsulation of ALA into these particles, offering a promising approach for the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress. xref "
sparser
"Objective: This study aims to investigate the in vitro and in ovo cytotoxic and safety profiles of two natural agents, kojic acid (KA) and ellagic acid (EA), on human submandibular salivary gland carcinoma (A253) cells and human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT), as well as to assess their irritant potential via the HET-CAM assay."
sparser
"The finding that the selected nanoemulsion (containing tributyrin) displays some cytotoxicity against normal cells (although less pronounced compared to cancer cells) prompted us to assess the nanoemulsion potential for causing irritation to the administration site using HET-CAM."
sparser
"Draize’s test, Schimer’s test, HET-CAM (method for evaluating the eye irritation properties) test, permeability and bovine opacity test, cell viability research, and histopathology investigations are only a few of the tests that have been used to look into the security of nanoformulations for ocular administration xref , xref ."
sparser
"With the capability of MRI to provide multiple image contrasts even in the small HET-CAM tumors [ xref ], its potential to provide further important physiological and molecular information (e.g., perfusion, diffusion, and tissue relaxation properties) for a more detailed tumor characterization is of major interest for future studies."
sparser
"The non-irritant behavior of the Soluplus and Pluronic F68 micelle dispersions is in good agreement with previous reports on HET-CAM assay results recorded for 23% w / v Soluplus dispersions [ xref ] and in situ gel formulations prepared with 23% w / v Pluronic F127 and 15% w / v Pluronic F68 [ xref ]."
sparser
"No mutagenic, genotoxic [ xref ], or long-term side effects were observed in animal experiments [ xref ], and irritation assays using the in ovo HET-CAM egg model revealed no significantly higher irritative potential compared to conventional therapeutic agents, e.g., cisplatin, but instead a notably better reversibility of induced irritative pattern [ xref ]."
sparser
"The non-irritant formulation, Mox-mPH NPs (1:150) (proven by HET-CAM test) exhibited intense antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa, S. pneumoniae, and S. aureus in vitro analyzed by live-dead cells assay, zone of inhibition studies, and by determining the minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations."
sparser
"Lastly, the irritant potential of Blank-O and BA-O was investigated in ovo, by applying the HET-CAM test, a sensitive, rapid, and inexpensive toxicity technique recommended by the Interagency Coordinating Committee for the Validation of Alternative Methods (ICCVAM) for non-regulatory validation or optimization of preclinical studies [ xref ]."
sparser
"Imidazolium IL–based emulsions ([C 12 MIm][Br],
[C 16 MIm][Br]; xref , entry 33) strengthened drug–IL interactions and organized
micellar structures, yielding IC 50 values against Candida spp. up to 1000× lower than fluconazole alone
while remaining nonirritant in HET-CAM assays. xref Ternary [Cho][Gly]/EtOH/IPM systems ( xref , entry 34) achieved acyclovir delivery of
≈58 μg cm –2 in 24 hsubstantially
higher than controlsthrough reversible disruption of stratum-corneum
lipid packing confirmed by FTIR, yet retained good epidermal tolerability. xref These examples underscore how ILs can be engineered
to balance strong antimicrobial performance with acceptable local
safety."
sparser
"The irritation potential of the PRM17 membrane was evaluated by employing an assay that is out of the scope of the ISO 10993-23:2021 standard, dedicated to the evaluation of irritation effects of substances [ xref ], which was the hen’s egg chorioallantoic membrane test (HET-CAM test) [ xref ]."
sparser
"After having carried out toxicity studies as bovine corneal opacity and permeability (BCOP) and Heńs Egg Test - Chorioallantoic Membrane Test (HET-CAM) it was verified that both, the active ingredients and the excipients of the different formulations were not harmful without generating irritation, loss of transparency or corneal permeability alterations."
sparser
"This study explored the in vitro safety, by HET-CAM (hen’s egg test on chorioallantoic membrane), and protective effects of polyphenols (chlorogenic acid, apigenin, kaempferol, and naringenin) against stratum corneum UV-induced lipid peroxidation using an innovative method, the HPLC-TBARS-EVSC (high-performance liquid chromatography–thiobarbituric acid reactive substances– ex vivo stratum corneum), and a stress test using methyl nicotinate and laser Doppler flowmetry to establish in vivo the samples’ topical anti-inflammatory ability."
sparser
"More precisely, the hen egg test—chorioallantoic membrane assay (HET-CAM), which provides evidence on how a sample can affect the vascular functionality of epithelial tissues, can be used to assess the biocompatibility and irritation potential for different types of samples, including vegetal oils [ xref ]."
sparser
"In order to evaluate the safety of the ME for the use as eyedrops, we realized the Hen's Egg Test‐Chorioallantoic Membrane (HET‐CAM) test, which is an alternative assay to the use of animals formerly used by regulatory agencies and that may predict the potential of ocular irritation of the applied formulation through the determination of the parameters of hemorrhage, vascular lysis and coagulation [ xref , xref ]."
sparser
"Although some of the MIC values obtained in the antifungal susceptibility assays were higher than those reported in the literature [ xref ], the concentration range with antifungal activity is significantly below the concentration capable of causing ophthalmic irritation, according to analysis in HET‐CAM (22.43 mg/mL)."
sparser
"The therapeutic index of the ME was evidenced by irritant concentration determined in the HET‐CAM assay compared with the MIC values obtained against fungal strains, being two times less toxic for C. albicans , F. graminearum , and A. parasiticus , four times less toxic for C. krusei , and remarkably 68 times less toxic for C. parapsilosis ."
sparser
"This study employs a combination of in-vitro and in-vivo methods, including the hen’s egg test on chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) for irritation potential, high-performance liquid chromatography–thiobarbituric acid reactive substances– ex vivo stratum corneum (HPLC-TBARS-EVSC) for assessing antioxidant activity, and laser Doppler flowmetry to measure anti-inflammatory effects."
sparser
"Adequate concentration-dependent in vitro safety in keratinocytes and fibroblasts (up to 12.5 or 25 μg/mL) was demonstrated as well, with some niosomal formulations also showing a low irritative potential in a HET-CAM test, and relevant in vitro anti-inflammatory potential (IC 50 from 14.90 to 17.89 ng/mL)."
sparser
"Tang et al. evaluated the eye and skin irritation potentials of four plant hair dyes (henna, Chinese gallnuts, sappanwood, and walnut husks) by using several OECD validated in vitro methods, including bovine corneal opacity and permeability (BCOP) assay in combination with histopathological analysis, Hen’s egg test on chick chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM), and a test on reconstructed human epidermis models [ xref ]."
sparser
"The HET-CAM model, widely used due to its rapid vascular development and methodological simplicity, has proven to be an effective and accessible tool for evaluating compounds with the potential to modulate angiogenesis, acting as either inhibitors or stimulators [ xref , xref ]."
sparser
"The two most potent α-glucosidase inhibitors, aqueous extracts from Geum urbanum L. (avens root) and Rhodiola rosea L. (roseroot) were further examined by in-vitro enzyme and cell culture-based assays as well as by in-ovo (hen’s egg test-chorioallantoic membrane; HET-CAM) and in-vivo models ( D. melanogaster ) to pinpoint potential antidiabetic activities."
sparser
"HET-CAM assay is an alternative test used for evaluation of cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activities of tested compounds or plant extracts against sensitivity of Chorio Allantoic Membrane (CAM) in order to observe irritation, hemorrhage, blood clotting and vascular lysis in case of damages [ xref ]."
sparser
"In vitro assays revealed significant antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, particularly against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), underscoring the potential of nanoemulsification in amplifying the therapeutic efficacy of bioactive compounds derived from H. perforatum L. The non-irritant profile of the formulation, validated through HET-CAM testing, attests to its biocompatibility and clinical safety for topical use."
sparser
"More specifically, to estimate the biocompatibility and the irritation potential of natural products, the hen egg test chorioallantoic membrane assay (HET-CAM) can be employed, offering characteristics regarding the effect of plant extracts upon the vascular functionality of epithelial tissues [ xref ]."
sparser
"Regarding the biosafety properties of the mini-implant, current in vitro and in vivo evaluations have shown that the sample extraction medium did not induce impairment of the HGF cell viable population or irritative potential when using the HET-CAM protocol, supporting thus the use of the custom-made mini-implant alloy in further experimental clinical applications."
sparser
"The HET-CAM model has emerged as a compelling alternative to conventional in vivo assays for cancer research, providing a biologically relevant and ethically sound platform for evaluating growth and metastatic potential of tumours, angiogenesis, and the antitumour efficacy of novel therapies, circumventing the need for animal experimentation [ xref , xref ]."
sparser
"Average particle size of the micelle ranged from 10 to 20 nm, 43.5 mPas dynamic viscosity, osmolality of 319 mOsm/Kg, pH 7.4 and cloud point of 59.7 °C. The optimized formulation demonstrated in-vitro safety as confirmed by MTT cell viability and HET-CAM ocular irritation assays, and exhibited physicochemical stability for up to 6 months under real-time storage conditions."
sparser
"This means that it might be worth investing in validating the simple HET-CAM model as an in vitro screening test of the safety of intranasal formulations, even though other tests with more specific outputs might be complementary used, such as the effects of formulations on nasal ciliary function [ xref , xref ], which we have not addressed in our work."
sparser
"The HET-CAM assay serves as a reliable and ethical alternative to traditional Draize rabbit eye and skin irritation tests, aligning with the 3Rs principles (Interagency Coordinating Committee on the Validation of Alternative Methods (ICCVAM), ICCVAM-Recommended Test Method Protocol: Hen’s Egg Test-Chorioallantoic Membrane (HET-CAM) Test Method."
sparser
"The HET-CAM represents a suitable
model to investigate the irritation potential and toxicity of substances
and formulations. xref Some studies have used
HET-CAM to evaluate the toxicity of products, focusing on foods such
as a biosurfactant produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae URM6670 for cookies and muffins, xref Dorema ammoniacum gum resin for the food industry, xref and β-glucan from the mushroom Ganoderma lucidum . xref "