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Lipopolysaccharide activates phosphorylated ERK. 43 / 45
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"LPS increased pERK, which was significantly different from all other groups (control, OUA and OUA+LPS) treated with the scrambled sequence."

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"However, treatment for 48 h with 5 mug/ml LPS increased pERK 44 and 42 expression to 40.40 +/- 7.88 (p < 0.001, XREF_FIG) and 39.53 +/- 0.69 (p < 0.001, XREF_FIG) respectively."

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"After 30minutes, LPS caused an even more robust effect, by increasing p-ERK1/2 by 68% (+/-5.6%, p < 0.0001), p-p38 by 568% (+/-61%, p < 0.0001), and p-NFkappaB by 80% (+/-18%, p < 0.001) relative to controls."

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"Another study showed that pretreatment with lycopene markedly inhibited the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced up-regulation of p-ERK, p-p38, p-JNK, and NF-kappaB, suggesting an inhibitory effect by lycopene on MAPK and NF-kappaB signaling pathways."

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"LPS induced pERK, pRSK, p-p38, and NF-kappaB upregulation in the macrophage cell lines."

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"The results revealed that AQP-1 knockdown increased the LPS induced upregulation of p-p38 and p-ERK1/2 (XREF_FIG)."

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"We observed that these compounds downregulated the expression of LPS induced NF-kappaB and pERK 1/2 in RAW 264.7 cells."

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"Further, EtOH decreased p-ERK1/2 in BV2, whereas both LPS and Poly (I : C) increased p-ERK1/2, further distinguishing the signaling of EtOH from TLR3 and TLR4."

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"The high basal level of pERK associated with anergic B cells is absent in these cells (XREF_FIG), but the acute pERK activation induced by CD40 and LPS is not different between B cells from 2-12H/MRL/lpr and B6 mice (XREF_FIG)."

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"Another study showed that pretreatment with lycopene markedly inhibited the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced up-regulation of p-ERK, p-p38, p-JNK, and NF-kappaB, suggesting an inhibitory effect by lycopene on MAPK and NF-kappaB signaling pathways."

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"Another study has shown that pretreatment with 10 muM lycopene markedly inhibited the LPS induced up-regulation of p-ERK, p-p38, p-JNK, and NF-kappaB [XREF_BIBR], suggesting the inhibitory effects of lycopene on MAPK and NF-kappaB signaling."

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"However, TM6 (5, 10 and 20microM) dose-dependently inhibited the expression p-IkappaB-alpha, p-p65, p-p38, p-ERK, and p-JNK induced by LPS (Figs XREF_FIG and XREF_FIG)."

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"Our previous study further showed that LPS significantly upregulated CCL2, CXCL1, p-NF-κB, p-ERK, p-JNK, and p-p38 in cultured astrocytes in vitro, and that inhibitors of NF-κB, ERK, and JNK partially suppressed CCL2 and CXCL1 overexpression induced by LPS."

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"After being pretreated with octyl caffeate (10 and 50 muM) for 30 min, phosphorylated ERK and JNK stimulated by LPS and IFN-gamma were markedly inhibited in a concentration dependent manner."

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"The increase of phosphorylated ERK in the mice treated with LPS was accompanied by a significant increase in phospho-CREB-ir as a result of LPS treatment (F (3,19) = 9.64, p < 0.05)."

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"Similarly, pretreatment with F attenuated the LPS-mediated increase in p-ERK (Figure 5(B))."

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"LPS activated p-ERK, p-p38 kinase, and p-JNK."

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"Besides, blocking EGFR activation by AG1478 significantly inhibited LPS induced pERK upregulation in HIBECs (data not shown)."

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"MKP-3 expression in primary astrocytes reduced LPS-induced p-ERK and p-p38 by ∼50%, and p-JNK by ∼75%, and moderately reduced nitrite oxide (NO), while completely blocked Interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)."

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"LPS increased p-ERK, p-JNK, and p-p38 levels, which were inhibited by alamandine."

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"Furthermore, increasing concentrations of EP reduced LPS induced pERK (217.3 +/-25.1% vs. 103.9 +/-13.5%; p = 0.008; XREF_FIG) without effect on the ERK expression (100.0 +/-14.9% vs. 97.9 +/-17.9%; p = 0.933; XREF_FIG)."

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"However, LPS treatment induced a significant increase of p-ERK only at 60 minutes (107.9 +/-10.2) compared with non treated macrophages, whereas only a slight and non significant increase was detected in the amount of p-p38 (XREF_FIG)."

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"Further, EtOH decreased p-ERK1/2 in BV2, whereas both LPS and Poly (I : C) increased p-ERK1/2, further distinguishing the signaling of ethanol from TLR3 and TLR4."

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"LPS induced pERK, pRSK, p-p38, and NF-kB expression is reduced in macrophages co-cultured with MSCs."

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"After being pretreated with ketamine (100 and 250 muM) for 30 minutes, phosphorylated ERK1/2 stimulated by LPS (100 ng mL -1) was markedly inhibited by ketamine in a concentration dependent manner (XREF_FIG)."

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"Our newly incomplete results indicated that LPS increased phospho-ERK (pERK) expression in HIBECs by western-blot analysis."

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"While phospho-ERK and phospho-p38 induced by LPS, could not be reversed by NNE."

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"As observed in Figure 8, LPS stimulation increased the relative content of p-p38, p-JNK, and p-ERK1/2."

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"LPS stimulation resulted in a dramatic upregulation of p-ERK1/2 to 1,150 ± 140 pg/mL, which was much higher than the control level (193 ± 21 pg/mL) (Figure 5(A))."

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"A pretreatment with 100 muM EGCG remarkably inhibited LPS induced up-regulation of p-ERK, p-p38, and p-JNK."

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"ERK phosphorylation was further enhanced in HUVECs primed with MPLA and rechallenged with LPS (21% increase in p-ERK for MPLA --> LPS vs Control --> LPS, p < 0.01)."

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"In BV2, both LPS and Poly (I : C) increased p-ERK1/2, p-p38, and p-NF kappaB by 30minutes, whereas EtOH decreased p-ERK1/2 and increased p-IRF3."

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"The results demonstrated that CS and LPS induced the upregulation of Bax, Ras, p-Raf, TGF-beta1, p-ERK1/2, and Smad3 along with the downregulation of Bcl-2 (XREF_FIG), which activated the ERK1/2, TGFbeta1-Smad3, and apoptosis signaling pathways."

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"In addition, the LPS induced up-regulations of nuclear p65, p38, p-p38, p-ERK1/2, JNK and p-JNK proteins in RAW 264.7 cells significantly decreased by PMF, and expressions of cytosolic p65 and IkappaB were obviously up-regulated after treatment with PMF."

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"As shown Figure 5, APTH dose-dependently inhibited LPS-stimulated p-JNK, p-ERK, and p-p38; however, compound 10 only suppressed p-ERK (Figure 5)."

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"LPS induced increases of TNF-alpha, Nrf2, collagen-I, alpha-SMA, NF-kB and pERK of HSC were blunted by EP and BrBzGSHCp 2."

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"MKP-3 expression in primary astrocytes reduced LPS-induced p-ERK and p-p38 by ~50%, and p-JNK by ~75%, and moderately reduced nitrite oxide (NO), while completely blocked Interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha)."

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"Indeed, TRAF6 siRNA significantly suppressed LPS-induced upregulation of p-NF-κB, p-JNK, p-ERK, and p-p38 at 3 h post-stimulation."

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"We found that LPS induced p-ERK, p-JNK, and p-p38 activation, and PPARgamma agonist RGZ decreased the expression levels of p-ERK, p-JNK, and p-p38."

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"When the same conditions were subjected to BV-2 cells, matching trends were observed among the proteins of interest, with exception that LPS stimulation of p-ERK1/2 and p-cPLA 2 appeared to be stronger than the primary microglial cells and remained upregulated at 24h."

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"Again, dasatinib markedly decreased 200 ng/ml LPS-induced p-ERK (Additional file 1: Figure S6a, b) and p-AKT (Additional file 1: Figure S6d, e) levels in BV2 microglial cells."

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"However, the LPS induced activation of pERK is known to be inflammatory; hence, the dual role of ERK in inflammation and cell survival has been noticed [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."

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"After 30 minutes, LPS caused an even more robust effect, by increasing p-ERK1/2 by 68% (+/-5.6%, p < 0.0001), p-p38 by 568% (+/-61%, p < 0.0001), and p-NFkappaB by 80% (+/-18%, p < 0.001) relative to controls (XREF_FIG)."