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PPARG activates PPARG. 88 / 116
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"Therefore it was possible that relaxin was increasing the expression of PPARgamma or increasing the stability of PPARgamma protein."
19712722
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"The initial step of this pathway involves ligand dependent sumoylation of the PPAR-gamma ligand binding domain, which targets PPAR-gamma to nuclear receptor corepressor (NCoR)-histone deacetylase-3 (HDAC3) complexes on inflammatory gene promoters."
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"Confocal microscopy showed that lnc-CES1-1 increased the level of PPARgamma and promoted the translocation of PPARgamma from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, while knockdown of lnc-CES1-1 partially decreased the level of PPARgamma and translocation (XREF_FIG D)."
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"Confirmation of PPAR-gamma protein expression in tumor bearing dogs supports the investigation of PPAR-gamma agonists in this subset of veterinary patients."
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"Simultaneously, chrysin significantly increased the mRNA levels of PPARgamma, liver X receptor alpha (LXRalpha), ATP binding cassette, sub-family A1 (ABCA1), and sub-family G1 (ABCG1), decreased scavenger receptor A1 (SR-A1) and SR-A2, and increased the transcriptional activity of PPARgamma."
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"Fusion of the viral transcriptional activator, VP16, to PPARγ potently and constitutively activates PPARγ in the absence of ligand xref , and has been used to explore the effects of chronic tissue-specific PPARγ activation xref , xref ."
21532595
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"The effect of PPARgamma on MAP kinases is related to non-genomic activity of PPARgamma ( Figure 1 ) ."
33467433
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"GGOH induces PPARgamma expression and enhances the biological effects of a PPARgamma agonist in adipocyte lineage cells."
30348686
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"PPAR-gamma is also SUMOylated at lysine 365, which causes PPAR-gamma to occupy the promoters of inflammatory genes and inhibit their expression in macrophages."
34395563
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"Inhibition of PPARgamma not only reduced uFFA + IR synergism but also PARP cleavage , p53 and PPARgamma expression in cervical cancer cells ."
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"In addition, siRNA mediated knockdown of AR increased PPARgamma protein levels and ligand induced PPARgamma transcriptional activity within the C4-2 cell line."
26945682
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"RXRalpha S427F/Y or PPARgamma overexpression activates PPARgamma pathway."
28740126
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"Peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma), a transcription factor (TF) controlling adipocyte differentiation, was demonstrated to function as a crucial TF in inhibiting HSC activation 11, 12 and ectopic expression of PPARgamma can cause the morphological and biochemical reversal of activated HSCs to quiescent cells 13."
27709831
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"PPARgamma is abundant in immune-related cell types , particularly in adipocytes , macrophages , dendritic cells , and microglia ( Yuan et al ., 2015 ; Villapol , 2018 ) , and is indicated as a key regulator of anti-inflammatory functions of microglia , because PPARgamma activation increases anti-inflammatory-related gene expression and down-regulates pro-inflammatory mediators in activated microglia / macrophages and promotes phagocytosis of apoptotic cells , contributing to the resolution of inflammation ( Flores et al ., 2016 ; Savage et al ., 2015 ; Villapol , 2018 ; Yamanaka et al ., 2012 ; Zhao et al ., 2015b ) , although there is a report showing that an antagonist of PPARgamma promotes the pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory phenotypic shift in LPS-treated microglia ( Ji et al ., 2018 ) ."
30707928
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"An agonist of PPARgamma , rosiglitazone was used to up-regulate PPARgamma , and an inhibitor of PPARgamma , GW9662 was used to down-regulate PPARgamma ."
32420586
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"In agreement with the Oil Red O staining experiments in XREF_FIG, we found that treatment of cells with either metformin or A769662 effectively suppressed IID- and PIO stimulated increases in PPARgamma protein levels (XREF_FIG A and B), as well as IID- and PIO stimulated PPARgamma activity (XREF_FIG C), as determined by gene reporter assays."
27856330
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"Both niacin and the structurally distinct HM74 and HM74a ligand acifran induced nuclear expression of PPARgamma protein and enhanced PPARgamma transcriptional activity."
16386710
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"CGA increases transcription of PPARgamma, LXRalpha, ABCA1 and ABCG1 and upregulates the transcriptional activity of PPARgamma."
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"In this study, we demonstrate that beta-CDODA-Me induced PPARgamma dependent transactivation in Panc28 and Panc1 pancreatic cancer cells and beta-CDODA-Me induced the characteristic PPARgamma dependent differentiation of 3T3-L preadipocytes."
19125423
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"The extract of B. platyphylla bark and its isolate, BPP, had anti-adipogenic activity in 3T3-L1 cells via suppression of adipocyte differentiation from preadipocytes.Treatment with BPP significantly down-regulated the expression of PPARgamma, C/EBP, C/EBPbeta, C/EBPdelta, SREBP1c, SCD-1, FAS, aP2 and LPL.BPP induced a lipolytic response in mature adipocytes via up-regulation krof TNFa and down-regulation of HSL, perilipin, PPARgamma, PDE3B, and Gia1.BPP is a novel potential agent in the prevention and treatment of obesity through its anti-adipogenic activities and lipolysis."
27867269
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"Interestingly, valsartan did not increase PPAR-gamma messenger RNA expression per se but enhanced the transcriptional activity of PPAR-gamma in mature adipocytes; this enhancement was accompanied by upregulation of the PPAR coactivator (PGC)-1alpha."
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"PPARγ regulates various key features of M(IL‐4) and IL‐4‐mediated induction both PPARγ and 12/15‐lipoxygenase that can generate PPARγ endogenous ligand, leading to PPARγ activation and upregulation of PPARγ target genes such as CD36 [ xref ]."
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"Zhang et al. [81] reported that phosphorylation of PPAR-gamma by insulin activated MAPKs led to activation of PPAR-gamma in adipocytes."
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"In this context, the recent evidence that deacetylation of PPARgamma at Lys268 and Lys293 by the NAD dependent deacetylase sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) promotes the recruitment of PRDM16 to PPARgamma suggests a new pathway through which WAT browning could be induced 90."
23652116
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"The other possibility is that a low level of PPARgamma expression may be sufficient to increase PPARgamma activity."
12504102
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"Therefore, n-3 PUFA can upregulate PPAR-gamma expression and promote PPAR-gamma functioning."
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"In this regard, clinical and animal studies indicate that DM is a protective factor against the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); this phenomenon is mediated by, among other factors, an increase in the expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma), which may be overexpressed in patients with DM."
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"Our results in Figure 4 supported that activation of Ffar2 by butyric acid produced by L. mesenteroides EH-1 was a key event that suppressed the HFD-induced PPAR-γ expression and abdominal fats.The expression of PPAR-γ prior to other transcription factors in adipocytes modulates the adipogenesis in exponentially growing fibroblast cell lines, demonstrating the significance of PPAR-γ in the regulation of adipocyte differentiation [35]."
32756446
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"1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (10 -10 M) inhibited expression of C/EBPalpha and PPARgamma and antagonized transcriptional action of PPARgamma."
33712053
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"We postulated they would act synergistically by obestatin increasing PPARgamma expression and rosiglitazone enhancing PPARgamma activity."
33432549
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"As presented in XREF_FIG, PPARgamma protein expression levels in RAW264.7 cells overexpressing PPARgamma were increased compared with cells that received the vehicle control."
27633957
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"Together, these data suggest that Notch signaling cross talked with the PI3K and AKT and ERK pathways to negatively regulate PPARG transcription (via ERK) or positively regulate PPARgamma protein stability (via PI3K and AKT)."
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"FABP4 also triggers the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of PPARgamma and consequently inhibits PPARgamma related functions, thereby providing a negative feedback loop XREF_BIBR)."
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"EP300 and Tip60 acetylate, while SIRT1 de-acetylates PPARgamma, respectively enhancing and repressing PPARgamma transcriptional activity and its adipogenic potential in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes [99-101]."
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"17 Curcumin promoted the expression of PPARgamma and stimulated the activation of PPARgamma, which was a precondition for curcumin to inhibit HSC activation."
27077805
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"Our manuscript establishes how elevated FAs, as would be observed in the context of obesity, decrease PPARgamma expression, which further prevents PPARgamma transrepressional activity, further resulting in the upregulation of macrophage chemoattractant secretion by adipocytes."
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"GPE supplementation significantly increased the protein levels of PPARgamma in WKY and significantly increased PGC-1alpha, PPARgamma and PRDM16 in eWAT from SHR."
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"The initial step of this pathway involves ligand dependent SUMOylation of the PPAR-gamma ligand binding domain, which targets PPAR-gamma to nuclear receptor corepressor (NCoR)-histone deacetylase-3 (HDAC3) complexes on inflammatory gene promoters."
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"Previous study reported that PPAR-gamma expression could be decreased by TGF-beta1 via smad binding with the PPAR-gamma gene promoter to reduce the promoter activity of PPAR-gamma gene or through increasing the binding of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) and decreasing the levels of acetylated histone3 (AcH3) at the PPAR-gamma promoter."
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"Ligand dependent SUMOylation of the PPARgamma targets PPARgamma to NCoR1-HDAC3 (histone deacetylases 3) complexes on gene promoters."
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"Whereas SIRT1 has a diverse range of substrates, many of its metabolic actions are believed to be mediated by deacetylation and activation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator-alpha (PGC1alpha), which is a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis."
20190133
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"A reduction in PPARgamma expression will decrease the transcriptional activity of PPARgamma."
22427718
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"Conversely, phosphorylation of PPARgamma at S112 by cdk9 and cdk7 increased PPARgamma activity XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR."
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"In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that Ang II induces PPARgamma expression and ligand mediated PPARgamma activity via AT2 receptor activation, which appears to be a crucial process in AT2 receptor mediated neurite outgrowth."
15992368
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"The initial step of this pathway involves ligand dependent SUMOylation of the PPARgamma ligand binding domain, which targets PPARgamma to nuclear receptor corepressor (NCoR)-histone deacetylase-3 (HDAC3) complexes on inflammatory gene promoters."
21645960
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"Cells were treated with the RSG significantly increased PPARgamma protein level, while CD36 protein level was also highly regulated."
28631352
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"Besides, coexpression of PPARgamma with SREBP1c increases the transcriptional activity of PPARgamma [XREF_BIBR]."
23990846
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"TGF-β also increased PPAR-γ protein expression via activation of the Alk5 receptor to increase PPAR-γ activity."
36899838
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"We have recently shown that SENP2 desumoylates PPARgamma and dramatically increases the activity of PPARgamma."
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"Our results showed that PPARγ-induced PPARγ-Luc activation was dose-dependently inhibited (13.6%-29.0% reduction, P < 0.01 or P < 0.001) by forced TDAG51 expression ( xref )."
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"The results showed that l -arginine accelerated, prolonged and increased cold induced transcriptional activation of UCP1, PPARgamma and PGC-1alpha, as well as UCP1 and PPARgamma protein levels, compar[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
20363363
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"When the PPARgamma function is impaired by a dominant negative form of PPARgamma (dnPPARgamma) expressed in the myeloid-specifi cells of the c-fms-rtTA/(tetO) 7 -dnPPARgamma bitransgenic mice, tumor growth and metastasis were enhanced."
28540333
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"DN-PPARgamma expression, however, did not up-regulate positive cell cycle regulators in PPARgamma deficient cells, strongly suggesting that DN-PPARgamma effects on cell cycle result from blocking the function of endogenous wild-type PPARgamma."
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"However, the skin as the outermost barrier of the body is exposed to various sources of environmental toxins such as dioxin or dioxin-like compounds that are known to inhibit the expression of PPARγ and all lipogenic genes that are transcriptionally activated by PPARγ ( xref )."
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"Furthermore, the expression of PPARgamma in skin was not upregulated during wound healing in PPARgamma-KO mice, suggesting an ablation of PPARgamma in wound macrophage."
25590807
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"These data indicate that the collaboration of PML-RARalpha and TRIB3 inhibits PPARgamma activity by disrupting the PPARgamma / RXR heterodimer ."
32929351
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"XREF_FIG shows that overexpression of PPARgamma increases PPARgamma driven luciferase activity by 1.3-fold, and stimulation with RGZ resulted in a 1.5-fold increase in luciferase activity."
25075860
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"These data indicate that bavachin increased PPARgamma expression, which in turn enhanced PPARgamma dependent transcription during adipocyte differentiation."
27070585
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"In terms of the mechanism by which PPARgamma acetylation leads to PPARgamma activation, we would like to propose a model here."
24982244
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"Expression of PPAR-gamma target genes were significantly altered as well, supporting the hypothesis that compound 1 is a PPAR-gamma potential agonist that regulates transcription of the PPAR-gamma target genes."
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"Adipocyte NCoR knockout decreases PPARgamma phosphorylation and enhances PPARgamma activity and insulin sensitivity."
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"While we showed that the increased adiponectin mRNA and serum concentrations were not a result of increased PPARgamma gene expression, others have shown that in vitro, niacin increases PPARgamma mRNA expression XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR, induces nuclear expression of PPARgamma protein and enhances PPARgamma transcriptional activity XREF_BIBR."
23967184
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"In this study, we demonstrated, for the first time, that curcumin induces the expression of PPARgamma, inhibits the phosphorylation of PPARgamma and promotes the nuclear translocation of PPARgamma in renal tubular epithelial cells."
23544048
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"Realtime quantitative PCR and luciferase assays showed that sesamin significantly increased the mRNA levels of PPARgamma, LXRalpha, and ABCG1, and increased the transcriptional activity of PPARgamma."
24914897
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"In primary cultured rat hippocampal neurons Abeta 1-42 treatment significantly enhanced PPARgamma phosphorylation at Ser273, increased the p-PPARgamma and PPARgamma ratio and decreased PPARgamma protein and mRNA expression levels compared with those in the control group (P < 0.05; XREF_FIG)."
| PMC
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"It is clear that there is crosstalk during heterotypic differentiation, such as the reciprocal relationship between adipogenic and endotheliogenic fates mediated by VEGF [35, 36] or adipogenic and osteogenic fate mediated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) [37]."
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"PPARgamma expression was not modulated by DFO, thus excluding the role of PPARgamma in this action."
20674992
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"As shown in XREF_FIG, TGF-beta1 decreased the expression of PPARgamma, and curcumin increased the expression of PPARgamma and promoted nuclear translocation of PPARgamma in HK-2 cells."
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"The use of synthetic agonists to induce the activation of PPAR-gamma signaling, or pharmacological enhancement of defective PPAR-gamma tissue expression, might be effective novel approaches to the treatment of fibrosis."
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"If this is the case, it will be important to determine from a nutritional point of view whether such natural molecules could selectively trigger different PPARgamma signaling, including the regulation of FGFs, the activation of PPARgamma in the brain or the phosphorylation of PPARgamma by Cdk5."
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"The n‐3 and n‐6 PUFAs and their metabolites are natural ligands for PPARγ (Marion‐Letellier, Savoye, & Ghosh,  xref ) and activating PPARγ may mediate the neuroprotective effects of DHA and ARA (Sun et al.,  xref ; Wang, Liang, Li, Yu, & Yin,  xref ; Zhao et al.,  xref )."
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"Induction of the Wnt and beta-catenin pathway by LiCl also elevated PPARgamma levels and induced PPARgamma dependent reporter and endogenous target genes."
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"Furthermore, curcumin increases the expression of PPARgamma and promotes nuclear translocation of PPARgamma in IEC-6 cells (XREF_FIG) and these results confirmed the previous reports that curcumin activated PPARgamma which was regarded as PPARgamma agonist [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."
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"Expression of PPARgamma by retrovirus mediated gene transfer restored the ability of PPARgamma -deficient EF cells to differentiate into adipocytes."
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"The initial step in the sumoylation pathway involves ligand dependent sumoylation of the PPARgamma ligand binding domain, that targets PPARgamma for binding to nuclear receptor corepressor (NCoR)/histone deacetylase-3 (HDAC3) complexes at inflammatory gene promoters [XREF_BIBR]."
22438791
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"C/EBPalpha induces the autoactivation of its own transcription as well as PPARgamma expression, and it maintains the expression levels of PPARgamma and C/EBPalpha, which enables PPARgamma to stimulate adipocyte differentiation."
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"Interestingly, PPARgamma expression was likewise significantly elevatedin the NLS-WT1 and PPARgamma condition (Fig XREF_FIG H), indicating a possible PPARgamma dependent regulation of endogenous PPARgamma by WT1."
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"Mitochondrial biogenesis was induced either by transgenic expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) coactivator alpha (PGC-1alpha) in skeletal muscle or by administration of bezafibrate, a PPAR pan agonist."
18762025
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"And the results showed that curcumin increased the expression of PPARgamma and promoted the translocation of PPARgamma from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in TGF-beta1-induced IEC-6 cells (XREF_FIG)."
28203261
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"Moreover, this hypothesis is supported by work demonstrating that STAT5 induces PPARgamma expression in coordination with C/EBPbeta/delta and also directly stimulates PPARgamma transcriptional activity [XREF_BIBR], thus suggesting that STAT5 activation drives adipogenesis by inducing PPARgamma expression and activity."
21561789
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"EP300 and Tip60 acetylate, while SIRT1 de-acetylates PPARgamma, respectively enhancing and repressing PPARgamma transcriptional activity and its adipogenic potential in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes."
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"[XREF_BIBR] One group recently reported that PPAR-gamma activation by its agonist or ectopic PPAR-gamma expression by Ad-PPAR-gamma transfection inhibited HCC growth and progression by suppressing cell proliferation, inducing cell apoptosis, and causing cell cycle arrest."
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"PPARγ activation and interaction of PPARγ and RXR."
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"In brown adipose tissue, ZAG stimulated the expression of PPARgamma and PPARgamma coactivator 1alpha and promoted recruitment of PPARgamma to the uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1) promoter, leading to increased expression of Ucp1."
29570397
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"However, the expression of PPARgamma target genes Fabp4 and Atgl was reduced (80.3% and 25.5%, respectively vs 100% in WT adipocytes, XREF_FIG) in canine adipocytes suggesting decreased activity of PPARgamma."
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"This study reports an altered proportion of MuSCs and ISCs (including adipogenesis-regulatory cells; Aregs) induced by the transgenic overexpression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) in the myofibers (MCK-PGC-1α mice)."
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"Ligand dependent SUMOylation of PPARgamma at K395 promotes the interaction of PPARgamma with NCoR and histone deacetylase-3 (HDAC3) complexes on NF-kappaB inflammatory gene promoters, and it prevents ubiquitination and proteosomal degradation of the repressor complex, and sustains repression XREF_BIBR."
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"The decrease in PPARgamma expression is mediated by inhibition of PPARgamma synthesis and increased degradation of PPARgamma."
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