IndraLab

Statements


| 6324

sparser
"The use of digital technology in dentistry has increased in recent years [ xref ], thanks to different computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) systems being used to fabricate different types of prostheses [ xref ] and to intraoral scanners (IOSs) that allow us to obtain a full digital workflow from the impression to the delivery."

sparser
"The type of CAD-CAM manufacturing method-additive or subtractive-significantly influenced the trueness and internal fit of resin-based definitive crowns."

sparser
"The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the denture base adaptation of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufactured (CAD-CAM) milled, 3D printed, and conventional heat-polymerized resin fabrication techniques."

sparser
"Maxillary and mandibular edentulous models fabricated from cobalt-chromium alloy were scanned, and 2-mm-thick denture bases were designed and fabricated by using 4 fabrication techniques and materials: CAD-CAM milled (CCM), 3D printed (3DP), injection molded (IM), and compression molded (CM)."

sparser
"Till now, the literature has not defined the minimum clinically acceptable marginal fit of CAD-CAM zirconia restoration."

sparser
"Zirconia frameworks milled by computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) often require clinical adjustments."

sparser
"Time-consuming manual fabrication stages are eliminated thanks to CAD-CAM technology."

sparser
"Tested stains on CAD-CAM ceramic had varying color changes after aging."

sparser
"When the two CAD-CAM materials were compared, RNC showed superior flexural strength than PICN, regardless of the type of resin cement used."

sparser
"This study aimed to evaluate how the transmucosal contour of posterior single-tooth implant crowns, fabricated with CAD-CAM abutments, influences peri-implant soft tissue dimensions using the profile angle and crown ratio concepts."

sparser
"Key words: CAD-CAM."

sparser
"Advanced additive manufacturing (AM) of zirconia is an emerging technology that can explore the limitations of traditional computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) milling techniques."

sparser
"The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the accuracy, fit, marginal quality, and surface roughness of zirconia 3-unit fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) by using advanced AM and 2 CAD-CAM milling materials."

sparser
"Based on the same CAD model, 30 3-unit posterior FDPs (n=10) were manufactured by using AM and 2 CAD-CAM milling materials (VT and UP)."

sparser
"Within the limitations of this in-vitro study, glazed CAD-CAM LDGC subjected to a simulated one year of coffee staining, was color stable as it stained but not to a clinically perceptible level."

sparser
"The search for more resilient and less stiff restorative materials combined with the consolidation of the computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology in dentistry has led to the development of hybrid materials and high-performance polymers. xref xref xref xref The first hybrid material introduced in dentistry was a polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network (PICN), which is composed of a dominant ceramic network infiltrated with a polymer matrix."

sparser
"Compared with CAD-CAM milling, the AM group had higher accuracy and smaller positive deviations on the axial and intaglio regions (P<."

sparser
"AM-fabricated FDPs had significantly higher surface roughness than milled ones, yet showed better margin quality with fewer marginal defects CONCLUSIONS: Compared with CAD-CAM milling, the advanced additively manufactured zirconia 3-unit FDPs provided better accuracy, improved margin quality, and clinically acceptable fit, but higher surface roughness, and may be a promising alternative for clinical applications."

sparser
"With the advancement of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology, there are different approaches for implant prosthetics’ digital workflow [ xref – xref ]."

sparser
"The CAD-CAM guided templates have many applications in dentistry such as implant placement and endodontic access preparations, the guided implant osteotomy presents an accurate protocol for implant placement in the preplanned position with less surgical time and few post-surgical complications."

sparser
"A specific software that allows the transition from the two-dimensional previsualization of the smile to a three-dimensional volumetric study and then a CAD-CAM processing for the realization of the prosthetic product were used, as also described by Coachman et al. in 2017 [ xref ]."

sparser
"It was reported in the literature in 2014 by Kapos et al. that the survival rates of crowns, abutments and superstructures made with the CAD-CAM technology are similar to those of the same manufactured with traditional methods [ xref ]."

sparser
"Studies have shown that CAD-CAM composite (resin nanoceramic) onlays tend to resist greater forces compared to ceramic restorations [ xref ]."

sparser
"The study objective was to evaluate the influence of the type of resin cement on the flexural strength and load to fracture of two chairside CAD-CAM materials after aging."

sparser
"The type of resin cement had no effect on the flexural strength and load to fracture of the two investigated CAD-CAM chairside materials after aging."

sparser
"Articles regarding patients who had undergone head and neck cancer treatment and intraoral prosthetic rehabilitation by a CAD-CAM techniques in at least 1 of the prosthetic treatment stages (scanning, design, and/or fabrication) were included."

sparser
"The industrial production of CAD-CAM blocks also allowed the development of high-performance polymers."

sparser
"The introduction of these CAD-CAM restorative materials with different microstructure and composition raised doubts regarding which type of surface treatment, adhesive and cement can guarantee the longevity of the treatment. xref xref xref xref xref xref xref Although most studies reported good bond strength results, xref xref xref xref it is important to characterize how the different bonding approaches affect the fracture resistance of these CAD-CAM restorative materials, especially after being subjected to conditions that simulate the oral environment."

sparser
"Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the type of resin cement, self-adhesive (SA) and universal (U), on the flexural strength and load to fracture of two chairside restorative CAD-CAM materials, PICN and RNC, after aging."

sparser
"A wide variety of restorative CAD-CAM materials are avaliable to rehabilitate patients."

sparser
"Therefore, the present study focused on the mechanical characterization of chairside CAD-CAM materials combined with different resin cements and subjected to conditions that simulate the oral environment, aiming to support the cementation protocols used in the clinic."

sparser
"The microhardness of heat-polymerized PMMA was less than that of all CAD-CAM PMMAs after disinfection, regardless of the protocol."

sparser
"When fixed dental prostheses are fully digitally fabricated using computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM), without any gypsum cast, they often provide a better marginal and internal fit xref , xref ."

sparser
"Among the evaluated materials, the direct repair resin composite showed the highest values of mean roughness (Ra) followed by the CAD-CAM resin composite, while the lithium disilicate glass-ceramic depicted lower and stable values of roughness when comparing the baseline and brushed conditions."

sparser
"Direct resin-based materials are known as excellent and versatile options for restorative purposes, xref , xref , xref due to their good mechanical properties and polishing potential, which make these materials suitable for aesthetic restorations. xref However, they also present a higher wear susceptibility in the presence of mechanical and abrasive stimulus when compared to CAD-CAM resin composites and dental ceramics, xref which was corroborated by the present study ( xref )."

sparser
"Despite their compositional similarities, the polymerization method of CAD-CAM resin composites differs significantly and boasts greater efficiency compared to that of direct resin composites."

sparser
"The CAD-CAM ceramic materials present excellent mechanical behaviour and aesthetic pleasant, provided by their microstructure that contains a glass-matrix and also crystal arrangement in the case of lithium disilicate. xref In this sense, ceramic materials are harder and more resistant to abrasion than resin composites."

sparser
"On comparison of CAD-CAM LiDS and Zr crowns, the LiDS showed better results and there was statistically significant difference between them."

sparser
"Besides, the difference in profile pattern at the interface was more evident between lithium disilicate and repair composite than between the CAD-CAM resin composite and its repair ( xref )."

sparser
"For repaired CAD-CAM resin composite, the profile pattern was deeper but also homogenous between the restorative and repair materials ( xref ), being the step at the interface lower, probably due to the closer wear behaviour and higher similarity of polymeric materials when compared to the ceramic. xref As a result, a less conspicuous interface and reduced complications, such as biofilm accumulation, are anticipated at the interface of resin-based restorations."

sparser
"In this sense, in vitro studies are important to evaluate such effects in a controlled scenario, and future studies should also evaluate the effects of different factors, such as abrasives, other resin composites for repair and CAD-CAM materials."

sparser
"The MG was least in control group followed by CAD-CAM crowns with groove of LiDS and Zr and LiDS conventionally made crowns."

sparser
"On the contrary the occlusal gap was maximum in CAD-CAM crowns with groove of Zr and LiDS followed by control group and least in conventionally made LiDS crowns with groove."

sparser
"Both repaired CAD-CAM ceramic and resin composite restorations were significantly affected by brushing simulation."

sparser
"Evidence suggests that CAD-CAM crowns featuring grooves demonstrate superior marginal gaps and interfacial fit compared to traditionally fabricated crowns."

sparser
"Consequently, based on the findings of this study, it is advisable for clinicians to consider utilizing CAD-CAM crowns with grooves in situations involving short clinical abutments."

sparser
"With advancements in CAD-CAM technology, the production of metal-free restorations has seen a marked increase due to their satisfactory aesthetics and compatibility with biological tissues ( xref )."

sparser
"However, the interaction between CAD-CAM fabricated crowns and auxiliary retentive features is still under-explored, especially in the context of SCCs."

sparser
"The novelty of using µCT in this assessment enhanced our understanding of how CAD-CAM technology can be optimized for clinical success, ultimately contributing to improved treatment outcomes for patients with short clinical abutments."

sparser
"Based on the results of this study, several recommendations are proposed to enhance future research on CAD-CAM zirconia crowns, especially for use in posterior teeth."

sparser
"Effect of Sintering Speed of Large Laboratory Furnaces on Marginal and Internal Gaps of CAD-CAM Monolithic Zirconia Crowns."

sparser
"The results of the study showed significant differences in the marginal and internal fit of the control group (CAD-CAM Zr-without groove) and other groups (Gr-2,3,4 with groove) ( P  <  < 0.001)."

sparser
"It was minimum in in CAD-CAM (digitally made) Emax-crown (Gr-3) compared to CAD-CAM zirconia crowns (Gr-2) and conventionally made Emax crowns (Gr-4)."

sparser
"Numerous prior studies have demonstrated that CAD-CAM crowns exhibit superior accuracy compared to conventional crowns in full coverage restorations."

sparser
"The study’s results rejected the null hypothesis as the marginal and internal fit of CAD-CAM crowns were better than conventional crowns."

sparser
"Effect of different disinfection protocols on the surface properties of CAD-CAM denture base materials."

sparser
"With the development of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) techniques and ceramic materials, all ceramic restorations have proven to be the treatment of choice in many cases, including short clinical abutment cases."

sparser
"The type of resin cement had no effect on the flexural strength and load to fracture of cemented CAD-CAM restorative materials after aging."

sparser
"Like any other short crown cases, these CAD-CAM made all ceramic crowns also requires auxiliary retentive features."

sparser
"MG-IF was reported as mean and median 28 µm and 74 µm respectively for e.max CAD crowns ( xref ; xref ; xref ; xref ). xref concluded the marginal gap as 28.1 ± 7.9 µm and 40.2 ± 6.7 µm for e.max CAD crowns made by two CAD-CAM systems. xref determined median marginal gap as 49.35 µm, 46.65 µm and 55.18 µm for marginal gap values of e.max CAD crowns with 30-, 60-, and 100-mm die spacer thickness."

sparser
"This dental technique describes a fully digital workflow for the design and fabrication of interim removable partial dentures (RPDs) using a polycarbonate-based computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacture (CAD-CAM) material with custom-designed prosthetic teeth as an alternative to conventional interim RPDs with unesthetic metal clasps."

sparser
"Which disinfection protocol provides optimal water contact angle and microhardness for computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) materials is unclear."

sparser
"Also, the CAD-CAM zirconia crowns without grooves had better marginal fit than CAD-CAM made zirconia and lithium disilicate crowns with groove and conventionally made lithium disilicate crowns with grooves."

sparser
"Although it is typically advised that LiDS crowns be utilized in the anterior region, the performance of CAD-CAM LiDS crowns demonstrates fracture resistance surpassing the maximum bite force documented for the first molar area following a fatigue assessment."

sparser
"The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of multidirectional brushing on the surface roughness, morphology, and bonding interface of resin-repaired CAD-CAM ceramic and composite restorations."

sparser
"Materials and methods: Twelve ( N = 12) blocks (4 mm × 4 mm × 2 mm for parallel axis; 5 mm × 4 mm × 2 mm for perpendicular axis) of lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (IPS e.max CAD, Ivoclar AG) and CAD-CAM resin composite (Tetric CAD, Ivoclar AG) were obtained and repaired with direct resin composite (Clearfil AP-X, Kuraray)."

sparser
"The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of different disinfection protocols (1% sodium hypochlorite, denture cleanser gel, and effervescent tablet) on the water contact angle and microhardness of different CAD-CAM PMMA denture base materials by comparing them with a heat-polymerized PMMA."

sparser
"Disk-shaped specimens (Ø10×2 mm) were fabricated from 3 different CAD-CAM PMMAs-AvaDent (AV), Merz M-PM (M-PM), and Polident (Poli)-and a heat-polymerized PMMA (Vynacron) (CV) (n=21)."

sparser
"The material and disinfection protocol affected the water contact angle of all tested PMMAs after disinfection, resulting in more hydrophobic surfaces for heat-polymerized or CAD-CAM PMMAs."

sparser
"To determine the effect of using the digital functionally generated path (FGP) method and the traditional computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) method to design and mill single posterior crowns in terms of patient satisfaction and crown volume analysis."

sparser
"The mean roughness of the repaired CAD-CAM restorations was affected by the brushing ( P < ."

sparser
"This high regard is attributed to their excellent adhesive qualities, which facilitate a strong bond, as well as their ability to achieve micromechanical interlocking when used in conjunction with resin cements ( xref ; xref ). xref and xref conducted an analysis to assess the marginal fit of hot-press versus CAD-CAM lithium disilicate crowns."

sparser
"05), while the restorative CAD-CAM materials presented more stable values."

sparser
"The profile evaluation showed higher steps at the interface when repairing lithium disilicate than for CAD-CAM resin composite."

sparser
"Based on the digital data, the technology of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) has enabled the production of dental prostheses with higher efficiency and accuracy compared to traditional methods [ xref ]."

sparser
"Repaired CAD-CAM restorations were susceptible to wear after brushing simulation."

sparser
"The computer-aided design and Computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) system has been widely used for oral rehabilitation."

sparser
"Resin-based materials have also been developed for the CAD-CAM system, in order to decrease the wear of the antagonist's tooth and provide indirect restorations that mimic the teeth's properties as elastic modulus, consequently reducing the occurrence of fractures commonly seen in brittle materials. xref , xref , xref Besides, even if failures can still occur, the repair of composite restorations is easier due to the similar microstructure between resin-based materials through their chemical compatibility and well-described surface treatments and bonding agents. xref , xref However, resin composite restorations may not perform as well if their surface wear and roughness are increased."

sparser
"The findings indicated that crowns produced using the CAD-CAM method demonstrated superior marginal fit compared to those formed by the pressing technique."

sparser
"Considering the aforementioned factors, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of multidirectional brushing on the surface roughness, morphology and bonding interface of resin-repaired CAD-CAM ceramic and composite restorations."

sparser
"Therefore, in this study, the CAD-CAM method was utilized for the creation of crowns made from both zirconia and lithium disilicate materials."

sparser
"On the other hand, the roughness of the CAD-CAM materials was more stable after the brushing."

sparser
"The profile values showed a higher difference between the lithium disilicate and repair composite when compared to the differences between the CAD-CAM resin composite and its repair material, corroborating for a higher step at the interface when repairing dental ceramics."

sparser
"Also, more scratches can be seen for the repaired CAD-CAM resin composite when compared to the lithium disilicate."

sparser
"The mean MG of conventional LiDS crowns was highest followed by CAD-CAM Zr, CAD-CAM LiDS and least MG was recorded in control group CAD-CAM Zr without groove."

sparser
"CAD-CAM zirconia crowns designed with consideration of the FGP technique exhibited superiority in terms of patient satisfaction when contrasted with CAD-CAM zirconia crowns designed based on static occlusion data."

sparser
"Despite some limitations, traditional prostheses are highly effective in ocular rehabilitation, and advances in computer-aided designing-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology now offer enhanced solutions for addressing such defects."

sparser
"Vita CAD-Temp is a particulate composite block that enables temporary restoration fabrication using a Sirona computer-aided design–computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) milling unit."

sparser
"Accuracy of anterior denture tooth arrangements of CAD-CAM complete removable dental prostheses made with a tooth mold template."

sparser
"This latest edition features nine extra cases that address contemporary treatments and problems such as CAD-CAM, 'invisible braces', failing implants and CBCT."

sparser
"Falcão Spina et al xref compared fracture resistance of the teeth restored with Vita Enamic, Lava Ultimate post and core (resin matrix ceramic), and experimental CAD-CAM glass fiber post, and showed that the teeth restored with Lava Ultimate post and core have the highest fracture resistance, with no significant difference between experimental CAD-CAM glass fiber post and Vita Enamic post and core."

sparser
"Moreover, Fathey et al xref compared the fracture resistance of three esthetic CAD-CAM post and core, namely, glass FRC, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), and polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (Vita Enamic)."

sparser
"The results of these studies assumed that the FRC post is still a good choice for restoring non-ferrule endodontically treated teeth but in the clinical application when the tooth has no more coronal structure it is hard to build up the hold of abutment with resin composite core, CAD-CAM post and core is the easy way to fabricate the core structure of the tooth with a proper shape and size."

sparser
"Although these prostheses function adequately within their limitations, the advent of CAD-CAM technology offers new and improved alternatives for rehabilitating such defects [ xref ]."

sparser
"The use of CAD-CAM to fabricate one piece of fiber post and core is interesting too, and several investigations tried to fabricate this kind of post and core. xref xref Therefore, future studies, with more direct comparisons of different types of posts or composite core such as a bulk-fill composite, xref would be of high value, and further comparisons of fracture resistance of CAD-CAM one piece fiber post and core to the conventional prefabricated FRC post and core is recommended."

sparser
"This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of different bonding strategies on the micro-shear bond strength (μSBS) of luting agents to CADCAM composites."

sparser
"With computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM), this report presents a novel method of designing and fabricating preparation templates to precisely prepare guiding planes for RPD abutments."

sparser
"Research evaluating the accuracy of anterior tooth mold templates to computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacture (CAD-CAM) fabricated complete removable dental prostheses (CRDPs) is limited."

sparser
"The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the accuracy of the anterior denture tooth arrangement on CAD-CAM complete removable dental prostheses made with the anterior tooth mold template."

sparser
"However, there was overall no clinical difference between the 2 groups (milled and bonded) of CAD-CAM complete removable dental prostheses."

sparser
"Therefore, there is clear evidence that these surface treatments have become the main choice to create mechanical retention when these CADCAM composites are used [ xref ]."

sparser
"Although conventional prefabricated FRC post and core has more fracture resistance than CAD-CAM resin matrix ceramic post and core, if upper anterior teeth that were restored with prefabricated FRC post in an anterior deep bite condition, the fiber post could interfere with lower anterior teeth, since the axis of the post must be fixed to the axis of the root canal."

sparser
"In this regard, because these materials are relatively new and their composition and chemical structure may differ among commercial brands, a variety of surface treatments has been proposed to improve bonding between resin cements and CADCAM composites [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"After that, the impressions were filled in the dental laboratory, where Figure xref illustrates the CAD-CAM fully stabilized zirconia coping procedure."

sparser
"Regarding the clinical application, the choice of CAD-CAM resin matrix ceramic post and core may come from its nature, being easy to design and fabricate to the needed actual shape and size, with a tooth-like color of this material."

sparser
"Three CADCAM composites were evaluated: Lava Ultimate restorative (LU), Brava Blocks (BR), and Vita Enamic (VE)."

sparser
"The effectiveness of the bonding strategy may vary according not only to the CADCAM composite but also to resin cement/bonding agent/silane used."

sparser
"New CADCAM composite blocks have emerged as an option for indirect restorations [ xref , xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"In this specific scenario, CAD-CAM resin matrix ceramic post and core can be a good choice, since the clinician has the ability to adjust the angulation of the core, to avoid the interference of lower anterior teeth and keep a proper space for the final crown."

sparser
"Bonding resin cements to CADCAM composites relies on mechanical retention and chemical bonding [ xref ]."

sparser
"For example, computer-aided-design and manufacture (CAD-CAM) has been used in O&P for over 40 years, xref especially in prosthetics, yet the use of CAD-CAM in clinical orthotics practice is still relatively small compared to conventional fabrication of positive model creation, model rectification, thermoforming, lamination, and other processes."

sparser
"Regarding mechanical retention, the effectiveness of each surface treatment depends on the composition of the CADCAM composite surface [ xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"For instance, higher bond strength values can be achieved in vitro when CADCAM microfilled composite (MFR) surfaces are sandblasted with aluminum oxide (average particle size: 50 μm) [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"Indeed, some studies showed that chemical treatment via silane application could increase the bond strength of resin cements to CADCAM composites, as well as the retention strength of CADCAM composite crowns [ xref ], and the interfacial fracture toughness of resin cements with some CADCAM composites [ xref ]."

sparser
"The quality of the digital cast obtained from an intraoral scanner is an important comparison parameter for computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) restorations."

sparser
"Conversely, further in vitro studies showed that silane application would have no effect on the bond strength of resin cements to CADCAM composite [ xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"Therefore, no clear consensus on what bonding strategy would provide efficient chemical bonding on CADCAM composite surfaces has been achieved."

sparser
"Fracture strength of various titanium-based, CAD-CAM and PFM implant crowns."

sparser
"With advanced technology for digital denture fabrications (computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing) (CADCAM), two methods were used: subtractive (milled) and additive (3D-printing) methods."

sparser
"One article evaluated changes in mass and surface morphology of CADCAM fiber-reinforced composites dental materials [ xref ]."

sparser
"The hypothesis of this study was that the bonding strategy employed for luting CADCAM composites would play an important role in increasing the bond strength of resin cements."

sparser
"Therefore, the selection of material with less residual monomer is recommended to be used with different salivary pH such as the newly suggested pre-polymerized CADCAM blocks [ xref ]."

sparser
"CADCAM materials (PEEK and milled Co–Cr) showed less to no effect with different salivary pH; however, further investigations of salivary pH effect on different CAD/CAM materials used for RDP fabricated are recommended."

sparser
"Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) ceramics represent one of the most popular choices for dental restorations, owing to their biocompatibility, white colour, and the possibility to use CAD-CAM technologies."

sparser
"Due to a lack of information about salivary pH effects on CADCAM materials, further investigations are required."

sparser
"For AllCem resin cement, two-way ANOVA detected a statistical significance for the variables “CADCAM composites” ( p < 0.01) and “bonding strategy” ( p = 0.017)."

sparser
"When using Rely X Ultimate resin cement, two-way ANOVA detected a statistical significance for “CADCAM composites” ( p < 0.01), “bonding strategy” ( p = 0.02), as well as for the interaction between factors ( p = 0.02)."

sparser
"This study assessed the changes in color stability and biocompatibility of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) glass-ceramics after ultraviolet weathering (UW) aging."

sparser
"When Enforce was evaluated, there was a statistical significance only for the variable “CADCAM composites” ( p < 0.01)."

sparser
"The color stability, mechanical and surface properties, and biocompatibility of the CAD-CAM glass-ceramics were investigated experimentally, followed by statistical analysis of the data (α=0.05)."

sparser
"The color stability and biocompatibility of CAD-CAM glass-ceramics depend on the aging process and material type."

sparser
"Although the effect of silane and an adhesive containing MDP and/or silane on the bond strength to lithium disilicate and zirconia ceramics has been previously evaluated [ xref , xref ], to the extent of authors’ knowledge, no studies were found evaluating these variables in CADCAM composites."

sparser
"Therefore, the current study aimed to evaluate the effect of different bonding strategies, including the use of universal adhesive systems and silane with or without MDP, on the micro-shear bond strength (μSBS) of three dual-cured resin cements on three commercially available CADCAM composites."

sparser
"One article studied the durability and retention of attachments, one article analyzed the performance of PEEK materials, one article researched the fatigue resistance of a denture base, one article investigated the corrosion of RPD framework cast and milled Co–Cr, one article studied the strength and clasp retention and deformation of acetal and PEEK materials, and one evaluated changes in mass and surface morphology of CADCAM fiber-reinforced composites for the prosthetic framework."

sparser
"In addition, the CADCAM composites surfaces were also evaluated using scanning electron microscopy associated with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM/EDS)."

sparser
"When the VE surface was assessed, the percentage of cohesive fractures within the CADCAM composite was similar to or higher than the percentage of adhesive fractures."

sparser
"Various CAD-CAM glass-ceramics exhibit adequate color stability after UW aging."

sparser
"Among the CADCAM composites, the VE composite showed a more significant surface change after the surface treatment with hydrofluoric acid."

sparser
"Apparently, the VE surface showed more aluminum in its composition than the other CADCAM composites."

sparser
"In the current study, only one type of resin cement (AllCem), silane without MDP, promoted the highest μSBS values regardless of CADCAM composite."

sparser
"On the other hand, the highest values were noted when silane with MDP was applied prior to the use of RelyX Ultimate on the VE surface, while no significant differences in the μSBS values were observed when that resin cement was applied to the other CADCAM composites, regardless of the bonding strategy."

sparser
"Likewise, the bonding strategy had no influence on the μSBS values when Enforce was used, regardless of CADCAM composite."

sparser
"Therefore, the influence of the bonding strategy on μSBS values was resin cement/bonding agent-dependent rather than the CADCAM composite used."

sparser
"Thus, the hypothesis that established that the bonding strategy would play an important role in increasing the bond strength of CADCAM composites was partially accepted."

sparser
"A significant difference in the μSBS values was noticed among the CADCAM composites regardless of the bonding strategy and cement/bonding agent."

sparser
"More specifically, among the CADCAM composites evaluated in the current study, the highest μSBS values were obtained with the VE composite, regardless of the bonding strategy."

sparser
"Since the emergence of digital dentistry in the 1970 s, CAD-CAM technology has been increasingly employed to overcome the limitations of traditional metal RPD frameworks xref ."

sparser
"These findings are similar to those shown by El-Damanhoury and Gaintantzopoulou [ xref ], who stated that this outcome could be attributed to the micro-interlocking created by hydrofluoric acid, which increases the bond strength to higher values than the cohesive strength of that CADCAM composite."

sparser
"In this regard, the EDS analysis of the CADCAM composite surfaces confirmed that Lava Ultimate (LU) was the only restorative material that presented a relevant percentage of zirconia (Zr) and the only one that showed a higher amount of silica."

sparser
"For the CADCAM LU composite, a percentage of silica, zirconia, and oxygen was seen, featuring a ceramic reinforced by zirconia."

sparser
"For the CADCAM VE composite, aluminum, potassium, sodium, silica, and oxygen were observed in the analysis, confirming that this material consists of feldspar ceramic."

sparser
"Conversely, one could state that lower μSBS values should be expected on the CADCAM composites when Enforce was applied along with PBE."

sparser
"However, it is worth noticing that PBE has penta-p molecules in its composition, which has been shown to improve the bond strength to CADCAM composites."

sparser
"No significant difference was found between the conventional group and the three digital groups, which is consistent with other studies comparing the fit of conventional and CAD-CAM RPD frameworks xref , xref , xref ."

sparser
"In the current study, the most predominant failure pattern observed was adhesive/mixture or cohesive within the CADCAM composite depending on the CADCAM material, surface treatment, and cementing system."

sparser
"PMMA) - CAD-CAM method."

sparser
"However, it should be mentioned that sandblasting may damage the CADCAM surface depending on the composition of the CADCAM material [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"In this regard, the chemical interaction between CADCAM composites and the luting strategy remains unclear to the authors."

sparser
"In addition, since this study focused only on the interface created between adhesive systems and CADCAM composites, studies involving the dental substrate are also required to provide a better understanding of such a complex interaction between bonding systems and tooth substrate."

sparser
"Digital functionally generated path vs. traditional CAD-CAM methods for single posterior crowns: An in vivo study of the effects on patient satisfaction and crown volume."

sparser
"Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that the effectiveness of the bonding strategy may depend mainly on the resin cements/bonding agents employed rather than on the CADCAM composite."

sparser
"Fabrication of an accurate guide plane template for removable partial dentures by using CAD-CAM."

sparser
"To compare the trueness of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) assisted procedure and freehand procedure for preparing guiding planes for removable partial dentures (RPDs)."

sparser
"The CAD-CAM template assisted procedure can significantly improve tooth preparation of the guiding planes compared to the freehand preparation."

sparser
"The CAD-CAM template could help clinicians prepare parallel guiding planes in a predictable manner."

sparser
"This study has compared the load-displacements of two different materials following three-point bending test created with the CAD-CAM technique."

sparser
"In this study two different materials, Zirconia and PEEK, have been manufactured by CAD-CAM technique to fabricate FPDs."

sparser
"Preparing guiding planes for removable partial dentures: comparison between assisted CAD-CAM template procedure and freehand preparation: An in vitro study."

sparser
"Addressing challenges like CAD-CAM technology and home-based radiology is essential."

sparser
"This article reviews the applications of Finite Element Models (FEMs) in personalized dentistry, focusing on treatment planning, material selection, and CAD-CAM processes."

sparser
"The integration of CAD-CAM technology for radiotherapy masks poses significant implementation and standardization challenges."

sparser
"Looking forward, the field of radiology must address emerging challenges such as the integration of CAD-CAM technology, home-based radiology, and advancements in diagnostic and therapeutic methods."

sparser
"The aim of this study was to compare the quality of different computer-assisted-design and computer assisted manufacturing systems (CAD-CAM) generated by only one scanner, focusing on vertical fit discrepancies and the mechanical properties."

sparser
"Nine scans were performed by each tested and 36 copies were designed using a dental CAD-CAM software (Exocad)."

sparser
"These results revealed a statistically significant difference ( p < 0.005) in the mean marginal gap between the CAD-CAM systems studied."

sparser
"The flexural strength for these restorations range from 6500 to 7000 N, and does not present any statistical differences' significance between two CAD-CAM systems studied."

sparser
"Chemical etching of CAD-CAM glass-ceramic-based materials using fluoride solutions for bonding pretreatment."

sparser
"Nonetheless, the current problems associated with 3D printed dentures are the inferiority of the structural integrity compared to conventional, and CAD-CAM derived denture fabrication techniques."

sparser
"The rapid development of digital technology will lead to an increase in new 3D printed (additive manufacturing) and CAD-CAM (subtractive manufacturing) materials for denture base fabrication."

sparser
"The use of CAD-CAM technology in pediatric dentistry has shown tremendous success in recent years."

sparser
"Using PEEK polymer for the production of CAD-CAM SMs was the subject of a study done by Ierardo et al. xref They created a lingual arch ( xref ), a B&L ( xref ), and a removable plate ( xref )."

sparser
"These findings were in line with another study [ xref ] which found that the superior fit of CAD-CAM milled dentures was attributed to the unique manufacturing approach because volumetric variations related to denture base processing are eliminated since the denture base is milled from a fully pre-polymerized resin puck that was polymerized at high temperature and pressure using a subtractive approach."

sparser
"Durability, elastic property, low weight, biocompatibility, and repairability are some of the benefits. xref Beretta and Cirulli xref developed a metal-free CAD-CAM device intending to produce safe appliances for special needs patients, who require regular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the head region to monitor certain diseases such as epilepsy or vascular problems."

sparser
"While CAD-CAM technology has proven to be superior in the production of dentures, the subtractive approach used by milling machines introduces more waste, making it less environmentally acceptable."

sparser
"By using the CAD-CAM method, restorations can be virtually designed and then milled on an automated milling machine. xref A dental laboratory is often where fabrication takes place."

sparser
"CAD-CAM processing begins with a traditional impression from the dentist, which is then digitized in the lab. xref Sirona introduced the first chairside CAD-CAM technology, the CEREC system, which allows dentists to design and fabricate restorations right in the dental office. xref By using chairside and laboratory CAD-CAM manufacturing methods, dental restorations can be made more rapidly."

sparser
"This study aims to clinically compare the fitness and trueness of zirconia crowns fabricated by different combinations of open CAD-CAM systems."

sparser
"The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanical behavior of an implant-supported crown made using computer-aided design and computer aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) resin composite (RC) blocks in the posterior region."

sparser
"Four commercially available CAD-CAM RC blocks were used in this study: Cerasmart 300 (CS300; GC, Tokyo, Japan), Katana Avencia P Block (KAP; Kuraray Noritake Dental, Niigata, Japan); KZR HR3 Gamma Theta (HR3; Yamakin, Osaka, Japan), and Estelite P block (ESP; Tokuyama Dental, Tokyo, Japan)."

sparser
"The 3D finite element model designed in this study was used to demonstrate that implant-supported crowns fabricated with four different CAD-CAM RCs showed no critical stress concentrations in the bone or implant under all loading conditions."

sparser
"These results suggest that CAD-CAM RC blocks could be used as an alternative material for implant-supported restorations in the posterior region in terms of stress distribution."

sparser
"Consequently, fewer clinic visits are required, and problems associated with CAD-CAM technology such as material wastage, high initial equipment and production cost, maintenance of requirements and others, are eliminated."

sparser
"This opens the door to using modern metal-free ceramic constructs to restore children's dentition, resulting in stronger, more attractive, and more effective restorations. xref In the long run, CAD-CAM technology that is quick, precise, and does not require a lot of time may be the best option for pediatric patients."

sparser
"Space maintainers that use CAD-CAM or 3D print technology with modern and biocompatible materials are called “Digital Space Maintainers”."

sparser
"Modern digitalization in denture manufacturing protocols, including subtractive and addictive manufacturing assisted with computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD-CAM), have been introduced to overcome the traditional method’s limitations and provide additional benefits, such as the advantage of facilitating the ideal fabrication of facial prostheses."

sparser
"Three-unit monolithic fixed partial prostheses (from mandibular second premolar to the second molar) were fabricated in zirconia (Zenostar T) by computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacture (CAD-CAM)."

sparser
"Restoration of Severely Damaged Endodontically Treated Premolars: Influence of the Ferrule Effect on Marginal Integrity and Fracture Load of Resin Nano-ceramic CAD-CAM Endocrowns."

sparser
"The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of different surface treatments on the surface roughness and stainability of 3-dimensionally printed, computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) milled and conventional interim materials."

sparser
"A total of 320 specimens were fabricated from autopolymerizing polymethyl methacrylate, bis-acryl composite resin, CAD-CAM polymethyl methacrylate resin (milled), and 3-dimensionally printed composite resin (printed) (n=80)."

sparser
"In Silico Finite Element Analysis of Implant-Supported CAD-CAM Resin Composite Crowns."

sparser
"Within the limitation of this study, open CAD-CAM systems used in this study can be assembled properly to fabricate zirconia crown."

sparser
"Inclusion criteria were studies that discussed the use of FEA in treatment planning, material selection, and CAD-CAM processes in dentistry."

sparser
"All CAD-CAM systems are composed of three elements: scanners, design software and processing devices. xref CAD-CAM systems are divided into closed and open types depending on their compatibility with scanners, design software, or processing devices from other manufacturers."

sparser
"As closed CAD-CAM systems rely on their own data format for fabrication, the system can only collaborate with their specifically provided scanner, design software, and processing devices."

sparser
"On the other hand, open CAD-CAM systems, which use the Stereolithography (STL) format, can be combined with other open systems, which provide a larger range of products to choose from."

sparser
"As CAD-CAM products of various manufacturers are released in the dental field, comparative studies on closed and open CAD-CAM systems were being carried out. xref xref xref Jang et al. xref compared three-unit bridges fabricated by combining open type Exocad (Exocad, Darmstadt, Germany) and EZIS HM (DDS, Seoul, Korea) to those fabricated by representative closed type."

sparser
"In the study of Kricheldorf et al. , xref the closed CAD-CAM system group had higher marginal gap compared to the open system group using Exocad and DM5 (Tecnodrill, Nova Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil)."

sparser
"Outcome of CAD-CAM crown can be mainly influenced by CAD-CAM system used."

sparser
"The success of CAD-CAM crown is determined by several factors: esthetic aspect, fracture resistance, and marginal adaptation. xref Marginal and internal fit is significant in assuring the success of crowns, xref xref and can be affected by cement space, marginal design, cement film thickness, seating force, material type, and CAD-CAM system used. xref xref xref Inadequate marginal fit of a crown may increase microleakage and plaque accumulation, which consequently causes caries and periodontal diseases. xref In the conventional crown, a cement space of 25 - 50 µm is required to obtain an ideal marginal fit. xref xref Considering life expectancy of crowns, it has been reported that a marginal gap of 100 - 200 µm is clinically acceptable. xref xref Appropriate internal gap is another crucial factor dedicating to the success of crown."

sparser
"CAD-CAM crowns are usually fabricated by processing CAD-CAM blanks. xref The milling process can influence marginal and internal gap and therefore should be precise. xref In order to assess the accuracy of the milling process, the surface of the final crown should be compared to the CAD data. xref "

sparser
"Thus, zirconia crowns fabricated using CAD-CAM systems have been the most widely used."

sparser
"Furthermore, several studies reported that marginal and internal fit of CAD-CAM fabricated zirconia crowns resided within a clinically acceptable range. xref xref "

sparser
"The majority of studies that compared open type CAD-CAM systems to either a conventional method or closed type systems was in vitro evaluations or used a small number of systems."

sparser
"In addition, there have been few clinical studies comparing the fit and trueness of zirconia crowns fabricated by various different open type CAD-CAM systems."

sparser
"As the CAD-CAM system evolves, the results with CAD-CAM are becoming more precise, xref and systems have evolved to be more compatible with those of other manufacturers."

sparser
"Numerous different open CAD-CAM systems are being released."

sparser
"A cement space of 40 µm of all the design software was established, as Mously et al. xref recommended a spacer thickness of 30 - 60 µm when fabricating ceramic crowns with CAD-CAM."

sparser
"Current study reported that CAD-CAM systems achieved marginal gaps which were below 80 µm. xref Although there have been arguments regarding the clinically acceptable marginal gap, a number of researches have accepted the marginal gap of 120 µm as described by McLean and von Fraunhofer. xref xref xref Thus, all the marginal gaps in this study fit the clinically acceptable level."

sparser
"The gap of CAD-CAM fabricated crowns is wider in the internal areas than at the marginal region in this study, as in a number of previous studies. xref xref Edges of the prepared tooth may appear to be slightly rounded on the design software, which may cause premature contacts."

sparser
"Studies discussing whether prostheses fabricated with open CAD-CAM systems are clinically acceptable have been previously reported."

sparser
"Further studies on the length of the prosthesis or area of the edentulous part are required, xref and a comparative study using a new measurement method seems to be necessary. xref Follow-up studies using various materials are also needed. xref The fit and trueness of the zirconia crowns fabricated by cross application of open CAD-CAM systems were compared in this study."

sparser
"However, as new CAD-CAM systems are being released in the dental field, xref continuous follow-up studies on newly released open systems are necessary."

sparser
"In this study, there was no problematic combination of open CAD-CAM systems."

sparser
"Within the limitation of this study, all nine combinations of open CAD-CAM systems are clinically acceptable for fabricating zirconia crowns."

sparser
"Although Trinia shows superior characteristics than other polymer-based CAD-CAM materials due to high mechanical properties, it is not recommended for monolithic use because of surface properties and aesthetic problems [ xref ]."

sparser
"The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of different convergence angles of abutment teeth and different cement spaces on internal adaptation of anterior fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) fabricated with a computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) system."

sparser
"Total convergence angles of the abutment teeth and cement spaces affected the marginal and internal adaptation of anterior FDPs fabricated with a CAD-CAM system."

sparser
"Effect of using a self-etching primer to repair resinous CAD-CAM materials: An in vitro study."

sparser
"In prosthodontics, AI enhances the design and fabrication of dental prostheses through advanced Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing (CAD-CAM) systems."

sparser
"With the popularity of computers and the development of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM), yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (Y-TZP) have become the most widely used choice by dentists and patients for their excellent biocompatibility and chemical stability [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"Influence of different convergence angles of abutment teeth and cement spaces on internal adaptation of anterior CAD-CAM fixed dental prostheses."

sparser
"The objective of this study was to test the initial (Fi) and final failure (Ff) loads and torque changes of abutment-free monolithic zirconia CAD-CAM fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) compared to titanium FDPs on different abutment designs."

sparser
"Three-unit screw-retained FDPs (n=50) on two implants (n=100) were divided into groups (n=10) based on the implant-abutment connection and material of the supra-structure: (1) abutment-free monolithic CAD-CAM zirconia FDP (Abut-free-Zr), (2) abutment-free veneered titanium FDPs (Abut-free-Ti), (3) monolithic zirconia FDPs with titanium base abutments (Zr-Ti-Base), (4) monolithic zirconia FDPs on multi-unit abutments (Zr-MU), (5) veneered titanium FDP on multi-unit abutments (Ti-MU)."

sparser
"This study applied a within-subject comparison of two denture forms: computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) dentures designed based on the bone-support concept (control group) and CAD-CAM dentures designed based on the neutral-zone concept (test group)."

sparser
"To examine the effects of coffee staining and bleaching applications on the optical properties of CAD-CAM blocks, and to provide a three-dimensional visualization of surface changes with atomic force microscope (AFM)."

sparser
"80 samples were prepared from four different CAD-CAM blocks: [Cerec (CR), Shofu (SH), Cerasmart (CRS), Lava Ultimate (LU)], and a microhybrid composite resin [Filtek Z250 (Z250)]."

sparser
"In conclusion, the effects of staining and bleaching applications on the optical and surface properties of CAD-CAM blocks are material-dependent."

sparser
"Digital Workflow and Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CADCAM)."

sparser
"Effective bleaching of discolored CAD-CAM materials was achieved regardless of the bleaching method used, and without any significant adverse effect on the surface properties of the materials."

sparser
"The correlation values according to which the upper maxilla and the mandibular teeth-bearing fragment moved in a coordinated fashion further the notion of accuracy of CAD-CAM splints, in this case mainly the final splint."
| PMC

sparser
"Children with MIH can benefit from a revolutionary minimally invasive treatment strategy that uses the digital workflow with IOS and the CADCAM manufacture of the repair."

sparser
"CAD-CAM neutral-zone dentures have distinctly different anatomical confines that can be clinically correlated to their better impact on patient acceptance."

sparser
"Similarly, using customized CADCAM titanium meshes, in a retrospective clinical study, Sagheb et al. ( xref ) obtained a VBG of about 6.5 mm and Chiapasco et al. ( xref ) observed a VBG of about 5 mm using customized CAD/CAM meshes."

sparser
"The aim of this study was to compare the retention forces after artificial aging of telescopic crowns fabricated either by a conventional lost-wax technique or by computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology."

sparser
"CAD-CAM fabricated telescopic crowns (0°) were made of non-precious metal (group C)."

sparser
"An optimized CAD-CAM process with individually defined design parameters ensured telescopic crowns with a better fit."

sparser
"Furthermore, an increase in efficiency is attributed to the use of CAD-CAM processes, which avoids errors associated with casting technology [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"The aim of this study was to compare the retention forces of telescopic crowns exclusively fabricated by using CAD-CAM and those of analogously fabricated, structurally identical telescopic crowns (original type, 0°), before and after artificial aging."

sparser
"The telescopic crowns fabricated by CAD-CAM showed, on average, the highest retention forces in the initial and final stages and the lowest retention force loss ( p < 0.001), with 16.4% over the entire investigation period (artificial aging included)."

sparser
"With regard to the CAD-CAM fabricated series, only between the measuring points after 15,000 insertion and removal cycles and the final stage could a significant drop of the retention forces be observed."

sparser
"In 2008, there was already an investigation by Shimakura et al. on conical crowns made of titanium and fabricated using CAD-CAM with different parameters in terms of design and occlusal gap dimensions [ xref ]."

sparser
"In the case of the double crowns fabricated by CAD-CAM in this study, the surface resistance is increased less by the wedge effect than by the wear over the wearing period, accompanied by a stronger joint of both crowns, whereas a sufficient retention force is ensured over the tested period."

sparser
"Further studies focusing on the fit between primary and secondary crowns in relation to changed CAD-CAM parameters and retention behavior are necessary to verify the results obtained in the present study."

sparser
"In an optimized CAD-CAM process, the milled non-precious metal double crowns showed the highest retention forces with a comparatively continuous retention force behavior during the wear simulation."

sparser
"Feldspar blocks for CAD-CAM technology have a larger flexural strength (154 MPa), so they can be used in very thin layers of even less than 0.5 mm."

sparser
"CAD-CAM subtractive manufacturing results in a large amount of waste of raw materials leading to a reduction of production efficiency [ xref ]."

sparser
"For an implant restoration it is possible to choose between three types of abutments: stock (not customizable) commercial abutment; partially customized by milling but standard machined connection; and complete customized by casting or by using computer-aided design- computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology (milled or sintered) [ xref ]."

sparser
"Laser sintering technology is a type of additive manufacturing that involves several advantages over the casting and CAD-CAM milling techniques: the ability to simultaneously manufacture multiple restorations, saving of the raw material, or requirement for few tools."

sparser
"The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of two materials and methods of manufacturing implant abutments, CAD-CAM milled Ti and Co-Cr 3D laser sintered, on the marginal accuracy at the IAI on internal connection in four implant systems."

sparser
"The purpose of this study was to review the current published literature on CAD-CAM PEEK dental prostheses."

sparser
"This study evaluated the vertical marginal misfit at the IAI in internal hexagonal connection of four implants systems, with two types of abutments (original stock milled Ti and non-original custom CAD-CAM Co-Cr 3D laser sintered)."

sparser
"The variations in the outcomes observed in screw-retained CAD-CAM restorations, depend on the technique used to measurement the marginal fit: SEM, stereomicroscope, optic microscope, scanning laser microscope or photogrammetry [ xref , xref , xref , xref , xref , xref , xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"A few studies [ xref , xref ], have evaluated 3-unit implant-supported, screw-retained Co-Cr frameworks fabricated with different manufacturing techniques (conventional casting, CAD-CAM milling and selective laser melting)."

sparser
"Selective laser melting technique showed lower marginal discrepancy (25 ± 14 μm) than conventional cast (35 μm) and CAD-CAM milling (68 μm) reported by Akçin et al. [ xref ]."

sparser
"Kim et al. [ xref ] analyzed the marginal accuracy of Co-Cr crowns-copings fabricated by casting, CAD-CAM milling and 3D laser sintering, from an implant stock titanium abutment."

sparser
"The results reported that the 3D laser sintered group showed the highest vertical marginal discrepancies (72.5 μm), followed by CAD-CAM milled (51.5 μm) and casting technique (38.2 μm)."

sparser
"Fernandez et al. [ xref ], reported a mean value of 0.73 μm for CAD-CAM milling Co-Cr abutments; 9.09 μm for casting group and 11.30 μm for 3D-laser sintered abutments."

sparser
"Comparison of the strain developed around implants with angled abutments with two reinforced polymeric CAD-CAM superstructure materials: An in vitro comparative study."

sparser
"Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) composite blocks (CC) were sliced at a 2 mm thickness and the vestibular enamel surfaces (ES) of human incisors were included."

sparser
"Computer assisted design and manufacturing (CAD-CAM) also allows the inclusion of irrigation channels within the guide to improve cooling efficiency [ xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"New-generation blocks for computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) processing have been developed, such as hybrid ceramics."

sparser
"The evolution of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology has, in fact, been remarkable, allowing for the creation of dental restorations through a production process that involves direct or indirect digitalization."

sparser
"The development and implementation of CAD-CAM technology on a growing scale has also led to the emergence of pre-crystallized ceramic blocks with lower flexural strength (130 MPa), reaching maximum flexural strength values of 262 ± 88 MPa after milling and heat treating (840–850 °C for 10 min) [ xref , xref , xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"The aim of this study was to assess the impact of different sintering speed protocols on Sintering Speed on Marginal and Internal Gaps of CAD-CAM Monolithic Zirconia Crowns."

sparser
"Each preparation received a monolithic zirconia crown designed and milled using a high-end computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) system."

sparser
"However, the present findings suggest that ultra-fast sintering speed protocols lead to smaller marginal gap of CAD-CAM zirconia crowns, as compared to the conventional counterparts."

sparser
"Boitelle et al. [ xref ] reported that a reliable CAD-CAM system should be able to deal with different materials and machine them appropriately and precisely for the production of high-quality restorations."

sparser
"Misfits in CAD-CAM restorations can arise due to constraints in the design of restorations with software programs, hardware limitations related to 3D image capturing, and the milling process [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"Nevertheless, the range of restorative material properties has been reported to influence the marginal adaptation of CAD-CAM restorations [ xref , xref , xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"In computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) restorations, a not-exact fit could result from: (1) limitations in designing restorations with a software program; (2) hardware limitations regarding 3D image capturing; (3) characteristics of the milling process [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"These discrepant results may be attributable to advancements in CAD-CAM technology, particularly in digital planning and fabrication parameters, which have improved the precision of the restoration process."

sparser
"The effects of manufacturing technologies on the surface accuracy of CAD-CAM occlusal splints."

sparser
"Titanium frameworks for implant-supported fixed prostheses can be fabricated through subtractive or additive manufacturing using computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) systems."

sparser
"The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate complete arch maxillary fixed prostheses supported by 6 implants using CAD-CAM frameworks manufactured by milling and 3D printing technologies, selective laser melting (SLM), and electron beam melting (EBM) on the marginal fit and screw loosening torque before and after masticatory simulation."

sparser
"02) between marginal fit and screw loosening torque was observed only at baseline for the pooled CAD-CAM (milling, SLM, and EBM) specimens."

sparser
"CAD-CAM complete arch fixed prostheses on 6 implants made by milling, SLM, and EBM exhibited marginal fit values below the acceptable error limits."

sparser
"Furthermore, the appearance of zirconia materials has been enhanced through lowering the overall opacity and adding pigments to provide color. xref In addition, the use of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology to perform automated design and milling to achieve the full anatomical contour would serve to lower the production costs and be time-saving. xref "

sparser
"A clinical trial of a randomized, controlled, parallel group was designed in order to compare the wear of first molar antagonist enamel, opposing CAD-CAM monolithic-translucent zirconia or lithium disilicate crowns and first molar enamel against enamel on the opposite site of oral cavity."

sparser
"The stereolithography (STL) files from the scanning process were delivered to one laboratory in order to design and mill the crown with a CAD-CAM technique."

sparser
"In the past few decades, technological advances have been incorporated in dentistry, particularly for the transfer of the spatial positions of the implants to a three-dimensional (3D) virtual model by utilizing computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technologies."

sparser
"Alencar-Silva FJ et al. (2019) [ xref ] observed that glazed groups of CAD-CAM lithium disilicate ceramics exhibited lower microhardness values compared to mechanically polished groups."

sparser
"In another study conducted by Alencar-Silva FJ et al. (2019) [ xref ], it was observed that glazed groups of CAD-CAM lithium disilicate ceramics exhibited higher surface roughness and were more affected by acidic beverages like coffee and black tea."

sparser
"Zi crowns and 3-unit PFDPs fabricated using the specific CAD-CAM system used in the controlled environment of this study showed good clinical performance with minimal veneer porcelain chipping."

sparser
"To date, most materials fabricated by CAD-CAM are non-degrading materials used to replace bone defects rather than regenerate them."

sparser
"Despite the promise of CAD-CAM, this technology still needs more in-depth research to clinically achieve osteoporotic bone regeneration."

sparser
"For CAD-CAM based inlay restoration, several studies reported that the effect of the cavity design such as bucco-lingual width and depth of proximal box have an effect on the trueness and precision of digital scan data [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of stain brand and color on color stability of stains on a CAD-CAM ceramic after aging."

sparser
"Absorption and scattering coefficients of different stains on CAD-CAM ceramic were different from those of A2 shade tab except for brown stain (p < 0.001)."

sparser
"Therefore, they can be an alternative to subtractive manufacturing CAD-CAM resin nanoceramics."

sparser
"Co-Cr frameworks fabricated by using CAD-CAM can be in presintered soft or sintered hard block forms [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"The use of an intraoral scanner (IOS) represents an advantageous alternative to conventional impressions, minimizing distortion risk. xref , xref Studies have reported that IOS enhances clinical efficiency, reduces working time, and improves patient comfort, xref , xref , xref , xref although several factors may influence the scanning accuracy of IOSs. xref , xref , xref Combined with computer‐aided design and computer‐aided manufacturing (CADCAM) technology, IOS enables a fully digital workflow for designing and fabricating restorations."

sparser
"The introduction of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology for complete denture fabrication may have improved clinical outcomes compared with conventional techniques."

sparser
"The purpose of this systematic review was to identify, compare, and synthesize the outcomes of published clinical studies related to complete denture fabrication, with respect to the differences between CAD-CAM technology and conventional techniques."

sparser
"The population, intervention, comparison, and outcome (PICO) question was: Do CAD-CAM complete dentures have a similar functional performance to those fabricated by conventional techniques?"

sparser
"The assessment of CAD-CAM planning and manufacturing through clinical studies is ongoing."

sparser
"Effect of stain brand and shade on color stability of stains applied on a CAD-CAM feldspathic ceramic."

sparser
"The aim of this stuldy was to compare the clinical marginal fit of CAD-CAM inlays obtained from intraoral digital impression or addition silicone impression techniques."

sparser
"The application of CAD-CAM technology in dentistry was first proposed by Francois Duret in 1973."

sparser
"Since then, 3D scanning of dental arches has been used in numerous restoration procedures to create digital impressions for the application of CAD-CAM technology. xref xref Currently, the most widely used scanners include CEREC Omnicam (Dentsply Sirona, Charlotte, NC, USA), Trios (3Shape, CPH, Denmark), and iTero (Align Technology Inc, Tempe, AZ, USA)."

sparser
"The introduction of CAD-CAM systems has increased the number of inlays used instead of direct restoration techniques and materials; however, further research is required to verify the advantages of these systems. xref xref Undoubtedly, marginal fit, as a result of marginal gap and overextension control, may lead to plaque accumulation, xref and this is one of the most important criteria in establishing the long-term functional success of a dental restoration. xref The main reason of restoration failure is the cement degradation, and the consequent microleakage may result in inflammation of the periodontal tissues and secondary caries in the interface. xref "

sparser
"The research objective of this clinical study was to compare the clinical marginal fit of CAD-CAM inlays obtained from intraoral digital impression or addition silicone impression techniques."

sparser
"Recently, attention has been paid to the use of PEEK in place of metal alloys as an implant material, coating material, CADCAM milled frame material and abutment material."

sparser
"This method is simple and economic and allows a direct evaluation of the actual situation in the oral cavity after setting CAD-CAM restorations and a higher clinical reproducibility."

sparser
"There are multiple factors that explain this result. (e.g., materials and impression technique) The factors reported to affect the quality of impressions are: localization of the finish line; periodontal health; sulcus bleeding during the impression; salivary flow; patient collaboration, especially in the retromolar area (e.g., ascending mandibular ramus); mouth opening capacity of patients; and interposition of the tongue. xref xref xref Other factors influencing the fit of inlays obtained with CAD-CAM systems include: the ability and experience of the CAD-CAM system operator, the intrinsic limitations of the device, and the sculpted unit, software, and design algorithms used."

sparser
"This criterion was chosen because it was more feasible and realistic for the CAD-CAM system and clinical practice adopted by the authors, which was intentionally selected to help avoid seating issues during the bonding process, especially due to the hydrostatic pressure of the luting agent, which could prevent the full seating of the crown if the adaptation was excessively tight."

sparser
"Third, this study only used one type of resin cement (3 M RelyX Unicem) and one type of all-ceramic crown (Procera CAD-CAM), which may not reflect the performance of other types of materials and techniques in clinical practice."

sparser
"In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the designs and different components and materials of implants and prosthetic components, accompanied by the evolution of CAD-CAM technology."

sparser
"Using CADCAM additive technology, a narrow slot along the field of interest and a pin of a cooling pipe was designed and implemented in a surgical guide template."

sparser
"With the behalf of computer‐aided design and computer‐aided manufacturing (CADCAM), customized guides can be generated. xref , xref "

sparser
"This technical note describes a technique for flapless guided bone splitting using a newly developed CADCAM fabricated surgical guide with an internal irrigation channel."

sparser
"The surgical guide used in the presented clinical case was modified using CADCAM by implementing a slot for the bone split and an additional irrigation system."

sparser
"The use of CADCAM, as described in this technical note, enables an improvement of the patients' postoperative situation and cooling irrigation during guided osteotomy with no additional costs or affection of the workflow."

sparser
"Composite resin CAD-CAM restorations for a midline diastema closure: A clinical report."

sparser
"A newly developed CADCAM fabricated surgical guide with an internal irrigation channel for flapless bone split was presented."

sparser
"The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the cement space in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) crowns of different materials and correlate 2D measurements of cement space with their corresponding 3D values (volume of cement space) by using microcomputed tomography (μCT) analysis of regions of interest."

sparser
"As four different restorative materials were used, (indirect composite resin onlays, minimally invasive cast metal or gold onlays, and CAD-CAM fabricated restorations) heterogeneity in these studies is high."

sparser
"Advanced computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology led to the introduction of an increasing number of machinable materials suitable for dental prostheses."

sparser
"Although PEEK is becoming widespread in clinical practice, only a few studies are available focusing on the use of this material for CAD-CAM prostheses."

sparser
"The purpose of this study was to review the current published literature on the use of PEEK for the fabrication of dental prostheses with CAD-CAM techniques."

sparser
"Electronic database searches were performed using the terms “PEEK”, “CAD-CAM”, “dental”, “dentistry” to identify studies related to the use of PEEK for the fabrication of CAD-CAM prostheses."

sparser
"The use of PEEK has been recommended for a wide range of CAD-CAM fabricated fixed and removable dental prostheses."

sparser
"PEEK could be considered as a viable alternative for CAD-CAM fixed and removable dental prostheses to well-established dental materials."

sparser
"The rapid evolution of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology led to the introduction of new materials that could be precisely milled for the fabrication of dental prostheses [ xref ]."

sparser
"Although there are no clinical reports on CAD-CAM fabricated PEEK FDPs available in the literature, Stawarczyk et al. in an in vitro study found that three-unit fixed dental prostheses milled using CAD-CAM technology from pre-pressed PEEK blanks showed lower deformation and higher fracture loads (2354 N) than those pressed in granular form (1738 N) [ xref ]."

sparser
"In addition, CAD-CAM technology can provide accuracy and time-saving process to fabricate ceramic restorations.[ xref ] To achieve a more esthetic outcome of the restorations, one of the critical factors is the translucency of the restorations.[ xref ] The translucency of the material allows the light to transmit through the object that mimics the natural appearance of the teeth; accordingly, ceramic materials have been developed and continuously researched for better clinical outcomes."

sparser
"Moreover, the fracture resistance of the CAD-CAM milled PEEK FDPs is much higher than those of lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (950 N), alumina (851 N) and zirconia (981-1331 N) [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"Several veneering methods are available; CAD-CAM fabricated veneers, conventional veneering with light polymerized composite resin and pre-manufactured veneers."

sparser
"The overall conclusion of the previous studies is that PEEK can be used for CAD-CAM FDPs due to its good mechanical and bonding properties, although clinical evidence needs to be improved."

sparser
"Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) techniques can be also used to fabricate RDP frameworks."

sparser
"CAD-CAM PEEK RDP frameworks can be fabricated by several methods such as direct milling of PEEK blanks or 3D printing of a resin/wax pattern framework which is then thermo-pressed using the conventional lost-wax/resin technique [ xref ]."

sparser
"A case report of Hahnel et al. suggested the use of primary metal copings and secondary CAD-CAM PEEK framework veneered with composite resin for the fabrication of double-crown-retained interim removable dental prosthesis [ xref ]."

sparser
"The use of PEEK was additionally recommended for CAD-CAM fabricated occlusal splints."

sparser
"An in vitro study of Benli et al. found lower loss of volume and change in roughness for PEEK occlusal splints after chewing simulation compared to other CAD-CAM materials such as vinyl acetate (EVA), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), and polyethyleneterephthalate (PETG) [ xref ]."

sparser
"Previous studies evaluated the performance of PEEK for CAD-CAM fabricated implant abutments, customized healing abutments and provisional crowns [ xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"A randomized clinical trial of Beretta et al. evaluated the use of CAD-CAM fabricated customized healing abutments and standard healing caps placed at the surgical stage for the creation of the desired emergence profile."

sparser
"Last but not least, Abdullah et al. in an in vitro study compared CAD-CAM provisional crowns with direct provisional crowns."

sparser
"Several in vitro studies and clinical reports suggested that PEEK could be suitable for CAD-CAM fabricated fixed and removable dental prostheses due to its favorable mechanical, chemical and physical properties."

sparser
"Biomaterials, Polyetheretherketone, CAD-CAM, Biocompatibility, Surgery."

sparser
"Gediminas et al. have demonstrated CAD-CAM (Computer-aided design-computer-aided-manufacture) milled PEEK fixed prostheses' resistance to fracture to be 2354N, a resistance which can easily manage the burden of the force of mastication around 400N [ xref ]."

sparser
"Milling or machining PEEK is a subtractive process of removing material from a central workpiece to create specific shaped objects which can be driven by CAD-CAM."

sparser
"Implants were then drilled on these 3D sectional arch model of mandibular arch manufactured using CAD-CAM and 3D printing."

sparser
"However, it is not able to successfully remove particle debris from CAD-CAM abutments [ xref ]."

sparser
"A consensus is lacking regarding the optimal surface treatment for repair protocols that ensures reliable bonding to computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacture (CAD-CAM) resin composite in intraoral applications."

sparser
"The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the microshear bond strength promoted by 3 bonding strategies to repair commercially available CAD-CAM resin composites."

sparser
"In this study, two subtractive manufacturing CAD-CAM resin nanoceramic (CerasmartTM270 (CS), LavaTM Ultimate (LU)) and two additive manufacturing 3D printing permanent resin (VarseoSmile Crownplus (VSP), Crowntec (CT)) was used."

sparser
"Three CAD-CAM resin composites (Cerasmart, Brilliant, Tetric CAD) and a hybrid ceramic (Vita Enamic) were pre-aged for 5000 thermal cycles and allocated into groups according to surface repair treatments: hydrofluoric acid etch, silane, and Monobond Etch & Prime, airborne-particle abrasion and Monobond Etch & Prime, or only Monobond Etch & Prime."

sparser
"A total of 60 lithium disilicate restorations were fabricated (n=15 per group) using a chairside computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) system (Primescan and MCXL)."

sparser
"The mean fracture resistance of the chairside CAD-CAM lithium disilicate veneers and ceramic crowns was statistically different depending on the design of the restoration (P<."

sparser
"Airborne-particle abrasion combined with a single component self-etching primer provided a simplified clinical alternative for repairing resin-containing CAD-CAM materials."

sparser
"The same spacer thickness was recommended by Souza et al .[ xref ] evaluated the marginal and internal discrepancies associated with the margin design of ceramic crowns manufactured using a CAD-CAM system and found that the consensus for an acceptable marginal fit difference was defined as a range of 50–150 μm."

sparser
"Henceforth, it can be concluded that the marginal fit of prefabricated occlusal veneer is better than the marginal fit of zirconia occlusal veneers fabricated with CAD-CAM."

sparser
"The aim of this study was to compare the marginal fit of prefabricated occlusal veneers with computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM)-milled zirconia occlusal veneers in the posterior teeth."

sparser
"The marginal gap of zirconia occlusal veneers fabricated with CAD-CAM is higher compared to that of prefabricated occlusal veneers."

sparser
"The marginal fit of prefabricated occlusal veneer is better than the marginal fit of zirconia occlusal veneers fabricated with CAD-CAM."

sparser
"In addition, sufficient research studies are not available on the comparative evaluation of marginal fit and microleakage among the prefabricated posterior occlusal veneer and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM)-milled zirconia occlusal veneers."

sparser
"Hence, this in vitro study was done to make a comparative assessment of marginal fit and microleakage between prefabricated occlusal veneers with zirconia occlusal veneers milled with CAD-CAM technology."

sparser
"In particular, the present study will be focused on the effectiveness and advantages of integrating 3D digital technology, from virtual treatment plan to computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) systems, in treating complex cases, such as malocclusion requiring orthognathic surgery."

sparser
"In computer-aided surgical simulation systems, the virtual occlusal plane is transferred to the patient using surgical splints, which can be fabricated directly using CAD-CAM techniques [ xref ]."

sparser
"Wang et al. [ xref ] evaluated the trueness of zirconia crowns fabricated by 3D printing, using a photosensitive resin mixed with zirconia paste (3DMixZrO2L, 3DCeram Co.; CERAMAKER 900, 3DCeram Co.), in comparison with crowns fabricated by CAD-CAM milling as a control."

sparser
"The CAD-CAM subtractive method of wax pattern fabrication produced IPS e.max Press inlays with better marginal and internal fittings than those obtained through conventional workflows or additive 3D printing."

sparser
"Dental technology that was previously centered on the standardized lost-wax casting technology has been greatly improved with the introduction of dental CAD-CAM systems [ xref ]."

sparser
"CAD-CAM is only partially applied and is currently limited to laboratory processing."

sparser
"This clinical report describes closing a maxillary midline diastema with a computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) composite resin."

sparser
"Ioannidis et al. [ xref ] compared the marginal and internal fit of 3D printed zirconia occlusal veneers with CAD-CAM fabricated zirconia or heat-pressed lithium disilicate ceramic (LS2) restorations on molars (ceramic powder 3 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia polycrystal; CeraFab 7500, Lithoz GmbH)."

sparser
"Both materials can be milled in monobloc using CADCAM (computer-aided design–computer-aided manufacturing) technology, which reduces the number of appointments and increases the precision of the final restoration [ xref ]."

sparser
"Effects of staining and bleaching procedures on the optical and surface properties of CAD-CAM materials."

sparser
"In addition, newer fabrication systems such as computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) are becoming widely available [ xref , xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"Repair bond strength of a new self-adhesive composite resin to three different resin-matrix ceramic CAD-CAM materials."

sparser
"For example, even if the zirconia framework is fabricated using a CAD-CAM process, final restorations are completed using conventional manual dental technology by dental technicians [ xref ]."

sparser
"Based on the results of this study, CAD-CAM restorations showed adequate interproximal contact and binding when floss and shimstock were passed through."

sparser
"Digital manufacturing technology, such as CAD-CAM for monolithic zirconia, may produce excellent artificial crowns with proper proximal contacts without any proximal adjustment of adjacent teeth on the software for tight interproximal contacts."

sparser
"For both patients, preliminary intraoral and extraoral facial scans were made and then brought into computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacture (CAD-CAM) software program (Zirkonzahn Modellier; Zirkonzahn USA Inc) to fabricate a digital waxup prior to tooth preparation ( xref A and B)."

sparser
"Clinical studies comparing compatible computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) titanium abutments (CAs) and original prefabricated 1-piece titanium abutments (PAs) for posterior fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) on Straumann Tissue Level (STL) implants are sparse."

sparser
"Clinical performance of CAD-CAM crowns provided by predoctoral students at the University of Toronto."

sparser
"Conversely, the CAD-CAM groups demonstrated lower values overall, with a more noticeable decrease in the aged subgroup (503.26 ± 53.37 N) compared to the non-aged group (519.53 ± 75.81 N)."

sparser
"Posterior crowns fabricated with CAD-CAM systems showed vertical margin discrepancy greater than 120 μm."

sparser
"The preoperative fabrication of well-contoured, computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM), custom healing abutments is essential for guiding soft tissue healing and saving chairside time."

sparser
"This dental technique involves a fully digital workflow to fabricate a CAD-CAM custom healing abutment that relies on preoperative digital implant planning."

sparser
"The cutting guides and custom-created 3D plate were fabricated employing medical software via computer-aided design and fabricating (CAD-CAM) with locations planned for healing abutments, followed by the implant sustained prosthesis (Figures xref – xref )."

sparser
"Through computer-aided tomography–computer-aided design (CAT-CAD), tomographic acquisitions become faithful 3D CAD models of patients’ anatomy; through computer-aided design–computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM), bony models are 3D printed in 1:1 scale and serve as a direct means of evaluation of bone injuries and deformities [ xref , xref , xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"The advancement in digital dentistry based on the technological development of computer-assisted design-computer-assisted manufacturing (CAD-CAM) has been accepted by dental practitioners in search of novel restorative materials, which are capable of providing superior aesthetics quality and durable restorations together with an excellent prognosis."

sparser
"Many innovative ceramic-comprised materials have been developed for fabrication of the restorations with the technology of CAD-CAM comprising hybrid ceramic, feldspar ceramic, leucite-reinforced ceramic, lithium disilicate glass ceramic, zirconium-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic, yttria partially stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) ceramic, and monolithic zirconia [ xref ]."

sparser
"This study aimed to evaluate the shear bond strength of two flowable composite resins to resin-matrix ceramic CAD-CAM materials."

sparser
"Fifty-four plates obtained from Lava Ultimate (LU), Cerasmart (CS), and Vita Enamic (VE) CAD-CAM blocks were assigned to nine groups: N0: Nova Compo SF (NCSF), N1: Silane/Single Bond Universal (SBU)/NCSF, N2: SBU/NCSF, N3: Silane/G-Premio Bond (GPB)/NCSF, N4: GPB/NCSF, G1: Silane/SBU/G-aenial Universal Injectable Composite (GUIC), G2: SBU/GUIC, G3: Silane/GPB/GUIC, G4: GPB/GUIC."

sparser
"The 3D-printed groups showed higher mean fracture resistance values than their CAD-CAM counterparts across both conditions."

sparser
"NCSF performed better than GUIC in all CAD-CAM's with similar adhesive protocols."

sparser
"Software was developed to run on the wide range of resulting hardware platforms, profoundly impacting the design and manufacturing sectors through tools such as Computer Aided Design and Manufacture (CAD-CAM), Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS) and Advanced Digital Manufacturing (ADM)."

sparser
"Fully digital workflow for a CAD-CAM custom healing abutment with an optimal emergence profile: A dental technique."

sparser
"After artificial aging, 3D-printed restorations showed significantly higher fracture resistance than CAD-CAM milled crowns ( p = 0.0064)."

sparser
"xref presents the descriptive statistics of fracture resistance (mean ± standard deviation) for CAD-CAM and 3D-printed specimens, evaluated with and without artificial aging."

sparser
"Horizontal marginal discrepancy was different among all groups and only Cerec CAD-CAM was below 100 μm."

sparser
"A potential solution is to combine decellularized ECM with other manufacturing processes supported by CAD-CAM technologies [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"As shown in Fig. xref , specimens fabricated using the 3D printing technique exhibited significantly higher fracture resistance after artificial aging compared to those produced by the CAD-CAM method ( p = 0.0064)."

sparser
"Screw-retained internal connection zirconia CAD-CAM abutments in single implant reconstructions: Results of a 1-year prospective case series study."

sparser
"The abutments connected a titanium insert to a computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) monolithic zirconia framework, offering improved esthetics and biologic response without negatively affecting the implant abutment interface."

sparser
"The practical implications for surgeons are that the product investigated could be considered a cheap scaffold, quick to manufacture, and suitable for CAD-CAM guided bone regeneration."

sparser
"The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of supporting conditions and the use of an anchor microscrew on the seating and functional stabilization of a computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) implant surgical guide with a completely limiting design."

sparser
"The use of anchor microscrews can increase the seating and functional stability of CAD-CAM guide templates during the drilling process for implant placement."

sparser
"The non-functional prosthesis was kept for another five months, after which a final fully functional computer-aided design/computer-aided manufactured (CAD-CAM) prosthesis was delivered."

sparser
"Methods: 12 standardized rectangular specimens were prepared for each porcelain group (conventionally layered and CAD-CAM milled)."

sparser
"Results: The surface roughness of both groups increased significantly after laser bleaching ( P  < 0.001 for conventional and P =0.004 for CAD-CAM porcelains)."

sparser
"Generally, the average surface roughness of CAD-CAM specimens was significantly lower ( P  < 0.001), and the surface microhardness of the CAD-CAM group was significantly higher than conventional porcelains ( P =0.011)."

sparser
"Unlike CAD-CAM specimens, polishing significantly improved the surface smoothness of conventional porcelains."

sparser
"Shade match comparison of CAD-CAM single crowns to a lithium disilicate crown."

sparser
"With the growth of computer-aided design - computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technologies, patient-specific implants and custom-made reconstruction are being used increasingly."

sparser
"This report introduces a metal template fabricated by computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) to help prepare guiding planes for RPDs."

sparser
"It is recommended that dental laboratories foster environmental sustainability by implementing digital dentistry technology, e.g. CAD-CAM and 3D printing of dental restorations."

sparser
"Patient photographic evaluation of nasal symmetry and maxillary study model CAD-CAM analysis, pre- and post-operatively in both groups, were compared using a paired t -test between the groups using the Chi-square test with P < 0.05 as statistically significant."

sparser
"This surge in adoption is further underpinned by the strides made in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technologies, which have revolutionized various facets of dental prosthetic fabrication [ xref ]."

sparser
"The effect of an immune-boosting beverage (SAM) containing Sambucus Nigra, an energy beverage (ENE), an in-office bleaching (BLE) agent with 25% hydrogen peroxide superior, glazing (GLA) or polishing (POL) methods, and professional dental prophylaxis (PDP) on the color of CAD-CAM restorative materials is unknown."

sparser
"In total 210 specimens were prepared, consisting of CAD-CAM feldspathic (FC), zirconia-reinforced lithium disilicate ceramic (ZLS) and hybrid ceramic (HC)."

sparser
"Comparative evaluation of wear resistance of CAD-CAM zirconia and cast cobalt chromium alloy for indirect restorations against human enamel - An"

sparser
"For these reasons, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of energy beverage and immune-boosting beverage with Sambucus Nigra, in-office BLE with HPS and PDP on color of CAD-CAM FC, ZLS and HC."

sparser
"Restorative materials made by computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) are frequently preferred for this purpose today."

sparser
"While the smoothness of the surfaces of CAD-CAM ceramic materials can be performed by both glazing (GLA) and mechanical polishing (POL), GLA is not possible in resin-containing ceramics due to the loss of the organic matrix in firing [ xref ]."

sparser
"Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the effect of energy beverages on the color of CAD-CAM restorative materials."

sparser
"There is no study on the effect of beverage with Sambucus Nigra on the color of CAD-CAM ceramic or hybrid ceramic materials."

sparser
"There are several studies [ xref , xref , xref ] examining the effect of polishing methods, BLE or PDP on the color of CAD-CAM restorative materials, but no study has examined these variables together."

sparser
"In previous studies testing CAD-CAM FC [ xref ], ZLS [ xref ] and HC [ xref ], 0.8/1.8 was found to be appropriate for PT/AT values; therefore, 0.8/1.8 was chosen for PT/AT in this study."

sparser
"This study adds to the literature in many ways, but future in vivo and in vitro studies are needed to investigate the effects of immune-boosting beverages, energy beverages, bleaching and new PDP paste on the surface properties of newly developed CAD-CAM materials."

sparser
"Additive manufacturing of CAD-CAM complete arch fixed implant restorations supported by six implants: Prosthetic screw stability and marginal precision under masticatory simulation."

sparser
"This prospective clinical study evaluated and compared the marginal and internal fit of crowns fabricated with an analog workflow and 3 different CAD-CAM systems."

sparser
"For the PP group, crowns were fabricated with a pressable lithium disilicate ceramic while for the other 3 groups (C, PM, TR) crowns were designed and milled with dedicated CAD-CAM systems and materials."

sparser
"PP group had statistically significantly smaller vertical marginal discrepancy (p = 0.001) than all other groups, while no significant difference was detected among the 3 CAD-CAM system (C, PM, TR)."

sparser
"Lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (LDS) was CAD-CAM prepared and ground with #800 SiC paper."

sparser
"The clinical success of monolithic lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (LDGC) crowns manufactured with computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology provided by predoctoral students has not been fully investigated."

sparser
"The purpose of this retrospective clinical study was to evaluate the performance of laboratory-fabricated monolithic posterior LDGC CAD-CAM crowns provided by predoctoral students at the University of Toronto."

sparser
"A sample of posterior LDGC CAD-CAM crowns (IPS e.max) provided by predoctoral students was evaluated."

sparser
"With the development of digital and manufacturing technologies, intraoral digital scanning has been widely used to fabricate dental prostheses due to reduced time and better patient comfort than conventional impression taking. xref , xref , xref , xref For the quality of prostheses, a marginal discrepancy of restorations with computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) workflow has been reported to be compatible with that of conventional workflow. xref , xref However, unlike conventional impression taking, digital scan uses light to acquire information and encounters difficulties associated with the optical phenomenon, such as subsurface scattering, surface characteristics, and ambient light conditions. xref , xref , xref "

sparser
"Once the 3D model is prepared, the next step is to print the ear according to CAD-CAM instructions, where the material is deposited layer by layer until the final scaffold is completed. [ xref ]."

sparser
"The purposes of this in vitro study were to apply information criteria of analysis of variance (ANOVA) methods of differing error distributions and covariance structures when analyzing color differences to determine the degree of alienation among 3 Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) color difference formulae to assess the linearity of relationships among these formulae and to independently assess differences among various computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacture (CAD-CAM) materials in any color change after common forms of staining over time."

sparser
"CAD-CAM materials, staining liquids, and time points affected the notable color changes."

sparser
"Effect of simulated gastric acid on aesthetical restorative CAD-CAM materials' microhardness and flexural strength."

sparser
"The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of the translucency of CAD-CAM ceramic restorative materials (zirconia, lithium disilicate glass-ceramic, and leucite reinforced glass-ceramic) and scanning aid conditions (liquid-based and none) on the scan accuracy and time efficiency of an IOS."

sparser
"The provider's experience had no significant effect on the clinical performance of LDGC CAD-CAM crowns."

sparser
"The ease of use of the CAD-CAM system and clinical performance of LDGC suggest that this technology should be used in the dental school setting by predoctoral students."

sparser
"Nowadays, zirconia, lithium disilicate glass-ceramic, and leucite-reinforced glass-ceramic are widely used dental ceramics for metal-free ceramic restorations, and they feature translucency and improved strength. xref With the development of digital technology, these ceramics are commercially manufactured for milling in CAD-CAM workflow as well as for conventional workflow."

sparser
"Based on the findings, the translucency of CAD-CAM ceramic restorative materials negatively affects the accuracy of IOS scan without a scanning aid; however, the scan accuracy and time efficiency of IOS scanning for anatomic contour ceramic restorations can be improved by applying scanning aid, and prostheses with high quality without unnecessary labor can be produced."

sparser
"Thus, this study aimed to compare the fracture resistance (FR) of three-unit interim restorations fabricated by the computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology with two different milling machines and the direct technique by using different materials."

sparser
"Currently, by the advances in technology and introduction of additive and subtractive systems or milling, generally known as the computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology, they may be used for the fabrication of interim dental restorations [ xref ]."

sparser
"In general, the CAD-CAM systems improve the quality, enhance the fabrication process, and decrease the fabrication time of interim restorations [ xref ]."

sparser
"In recent years, the adoption of CAD-CAM technologies and advanced manufacturing techniques like Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) and Selective Laser Melting (SLM) have facilitated the design and fabrication of these implants."

sparser
"The development of fully customized lingual systems using CAD-CAM technology has reduced limitations and allowed clinicians to successfully treat orthodontic cases [ xref ]."

sparser
"CAD-CAM technology typically provides accurate structures if the equipment, from CBCT to additive manufacturing, is calibrated correctly."

sparser
"Fifty bar-shaped and 60 disk-shaped zirconia specimens were milled from nonshaded (Copran Zri) and preshaded (Copran Zri Precoloured Medium) disks by using a computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) system."

sparser
"The objective of this study is in vitro investigation of gastric acid's effect on flexural strength and hardness on aesthetic restorative computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) materials."

sparser
"Thus, the purpose of the present study was to compare the FR of three-unit interim restorations fabricated by the CAD-CAM technology with two different milling machines and the direct technique by using different materials."

sparser
"Those findings support previous studies using spectrophotometric analysis of staining of CAD-CAM ceramic veneers that Coca-Cola followed by coffee resulted in the greatest color Δ E 00 change."

sparser
"Additionally, it is consistent with earlier research that found that CAD-CAM lithium disilicate and feldspathic ceramic surfaces became significantly rougher due to the low pH of acidic liquids and high temperatures, such as with coffee [ xref , xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"Overall, the findings from this study support previous studies using spectrophotometric analysis of staining of CAD-CAM ceramic veneers, showing the highest Δ E 00 in samples stained by Coca-Cola, followed by coffee, for both thicknesses."

sparser
"The null hypothesis of the study was that no significant difference would be found in FR of the three-unit interim restorations fabricated by the CAD-CAM technology with two different milling machines and the direct technique by using different materials."

sparser
"Other advantages of the CAD-CAM systems include high precision, reduction of residual monomers, no temperature rise (due to reaction), and improved marginal adaptation due to absence of polymerization shrinkage, increased density, decreased porosities and residual stress in restoration, easier fabrication process, and optimal clinical function [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"The cement space is an element that might affect the marginal integrity, but it can be altered during the configuring of the computer-assisted designing/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) restoration."

sparser
"The aim of this study was to measure the vertical marginal discrepancies between different cement thickness settings for CAD-CAM monolithic zirconia restorations."

sparser
"Several previous studies compared the FR of three-unit interim restorations fabricated by the direct technique and the CAD-CAM systems [ xref , xref , xref – xref ], and the majority of them reported higher FR of milled restorations."

sparser
"This in vitro study aims to compare the internal and marginal fit of a titanium interface among three different milled materials: doped graphene PMMA, single-density zirconia, and dual-density zirconia, used for the rehabilitation of CAD-CAM implant-supported single crowns."
| PMC

sparser
"With the widespread adoption of CAD-CAM technology in implant dentistry [ xref , xref ], digital methods for assessing marginal and internal fit have become increasingly prevalent."
| PMC

sparser
"Nonetheless, some previous studies found no significant difference between restorations fabricated directly from di-methacrylates and those milled from mono-methacrylate polymers (indirect technique by using the CAD-CAM technology) [ xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"CAD-CAM technology was developed to address three key challenges: ensuring adequate strength for restorations (especially in posterior teeth), achieving high-quality esthetics, and enhancing manufacturing accuracy and efficiency [ xref , xref , xref ]."
| PMC

sparser
"According to framework and teeth materials, there were two groups; Group I: CAD-CAM milled framework from modified BioHPP PEEK, bonded to polymethylmethacrylate crowns."

sparser
"Group II: screw-retained CAD-CAM milled framework from titanium, bonded to zirconium crowns."

sparser
"Sadid-Zadeh et al. [ xref ] used the direct-indirect method for restoration fabrication by the CAD-CAM technology (unlike the use of direct method in the present study)."

sparser
"Given the critical role of TiBase adaptation in the success of implant prosthetics, this in vitro study aims to compare the internal and marginal fit of three different CAD-CAM milled materials for implant-supported single restorations: doped graphene PMMA, single-density zirconia, and dual-density zirconia, at the time of manufacturing."
| PMC

sparser
"This study focused on the FR of three-unit interim restorations, providing valuable insights into the performance of CAD-CAM fabricated restorations."

sparser
"Moreover, three-unit interim restorations fabricated by different milling machines (four- and five-axis) with the CAD-CAM technology had a significantly higher FR than the directly fabricated restorations."

sparser
"Strength-limiting damage and its mitigation in CAD-CAM zirconia-reinforced lithium-silicate ceramics machined in a fully crystallized state."

sparser
"Dynamic modelling of the anterior guidance slope using a jaw tracking system in a fully digital CAD-CAM workflow."

sparser
"Effect of light-curing time and direction on microhardness of a light-cured resin composite to cement CAD-CAM restorations."

sparser
"With the explosion in data amount and availability and the technical means to effectively lever them, this trend towards digital dentistry is accelerating: Digital dentistry is nowadays much more than computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD-CAM), it entails diagnostics, decision-making, treatment conduct and re-evaluation as well as lifelong management of patients’ oral health."

sparser
"AI is already included in various dental and dental technology workflows, including and prominent in the already mentioned CAD-CAM area (here closely interwoven with innovations in the field of imaging)."

sparser
"So far, digital dentistry is essentially facing a schisma; industry-driven technological solutions (mainly in the CAD-CAM and imaging sector) are already reality, while AI-technologies focusing on diagnostics and treatment planning are rather concepts than robust applications at present."

sparser
"With advancements in digital technology, computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) have made computer-assisted tooth preparation a reality [ xref ]."

sparser
"The advancement of CAD-CAM technology has greatly enhanced the treatment planning efficacy and the predictability of desired outcomes by enabling digital performance of the diagnostic wax-up on VPMs."

sparser
"Medical doctors and doctors in the dental sciences have been pushed to modify their workflow using new instruments such as decisional software, intraoral and extraoral scanners, and CAD-CAM technologies, which have improved diagnostics and the clinical/surgical phase of treatment and follow-up, and nowadays it is clear that medical professional life will continue in the era of digital medicine."

sparser
"The advances in the use of PSI by integration of 3D printing and computer aided design computer aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology for extensive and challenging defects in the maxillofacial region have been highlighted in this case report."

sparser
"Since the early 1980s, three-dimensional (3D) printing, along with integration into computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM), has dramatically changed the science of reconstruction by manufacturing customised patient-specific implants (PSIs)."

sparser
"A decision was taken to utilise novel reconstruction techniques of PSI through the integration of 3D printing and CAD-CAM."

sparser
"PSI is the upcoming horizon in the field of reconstruction that allows simultaneous dental and maxillofacial rehabilitation to achieve immediate aesthetic and functional aspects.[ xref xref ] With the advent of 3D printing and CAD-CAM technology, reconstruction of 3D facial forms to re-establish complex anatomical structures has become relatively simple.[ xref ] Additive manufacturing techniques have facilitated the reconstruction of devices that can be designed to exactly fulfil the reconstructive requirements as per the customised demand of a case.[ xref xref ] 3D printing technology can be used to overcome limitations associated with autologous bone grafts.[ xref xref ]"

sparser
"The integration of 3D printing and CAD-CAM technology has significantly improved the production of accurate and customised PSIs."

sparser
"By producing blanks in highly standardized industrial settings, CAD-CAM milling technologies, whether additive or subtractive, eliminate porosity and flaws related to casting [ xref ]."

sparser
"Both fully sintered and presintered alloy blocks can be utilized with the subtractive CAD-CAM technology [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"The methodological variations among studies such as differences in the number of measurements performed, the use of distinct materials, the sensitivity of CAD-CAM systems and software, dimensional stability of the impression material, and the measurement method used can all have an impact on the accuracy of restoration fittings [ xref , xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"Though computer-aided design and computer-aided manufactured (CAD-CAM) denture bases have become popular, evidence on the ability of C. albicans cells to adhere to these denture bases is lacking."

sparser
"Acrylic resin disks were fabricated using a total of 6 different fabrication methods (compression molding, injection molding, CAD-CAM milling, and rapid prototyping on 3 different printers with 3 different resins)."

sparser
"A total of 100 disk-shaped specimens with a diameter of 10 mm and a thickness of 3 mm were milled from commercially available PEEK blocks ((Advanced Machining Solutions, SNC Plastics, China)) employin[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

sparser
"To evaluate the overall adaptation and retention of class I cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) removable partial denture (RPD) frameworks using three different computer-aided design and computer-aided manufactured (CAD-CAM) technologies: Indirect wax milling with lost wax technique (LWT), direct milling, and selective laser melting (SLM) technique."

sparser
"Five mandible dentition models with zirconia restorations of different shades were fabricated by computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM)."

sparser
"Additionally, comparisons with the newer advanced CAD-CAM milled and 3D printed material was not done, which is recommended for future studies."

sparser
"Recent advancements, including the development of various all-ceramic materials such as lithium disilicate, leucite-reinforced glass ceramic, alumina, and zirconia, alongside notable improvements in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology, have rendered it suitable for use in the posterior areas and for multiunit fixed dental prostheses (FDPs).[ xref ]"

sparser
"Chipping, a common mechanical complication affecting approximately 10%–15% of ceramic restorations, often arises due to the mismatch of CTE between the zirconia ceramic core and the veneered ceramic layer.[ xref ] Clinically, chipping is classified into three grades based on the type of repair required: Grade I (slight chipping treated by surface polishing), Grade II (moderate chipping treated with composite resin), and Grade III (severe chipping exposing the zirconia core that requires replacement of prosthesis).[ xref xref ] Zirconia restorations are typically fabricated using the CAD-CAM technique, employing either hard machining, which involves milling the fully sintered zirconia block, or soft machining, where presintered blocks are milled, typically trimmed 25% larger.[ xref ]"

sparser
"Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) blocks have evolved rapidly, making it difficult to establish the best clinical protocol for bonding a given block and whether an established protocol is appropriate for a newly introduced product."

sparser
"This integrative systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to clarify whether the clinician can select the most efficient adhesion protocols for CAD-CAM blocks by reading published in vitro studies and implementing them in daily practice."

sparser
"The meta-analysis confirmed the null hypothesis that the evidence-based efficacy of clinical protocols to bond CAD-CAM blocks is still controversial (P<."

sparser
"Impact of in vitro findings on clinical protocols for the adhesion of CAD-CAM blocks: A systematic integrative review and meta-analysis."

sparser
"Contemporary Y-TZP CAD-CAM systems are continuously introduced in the field of dentistry for improved development of complex dental restorations."

sparser
"Y-TZP showed variations in flexural strength depending on the CAD-CAM systems."

sparser
"The studies incorporated both digital and traditional models, such as CAD-CAM( n  = 2) and conventional lost-wax techniques ( n  = 2), SLM printer for 3D printing using cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) alloys( n  = 1) and Milled and conventional RPDs ( n  = 2)."

sparser
"There is increasing interest in [KMg 3 (AlSi 3 O 10 )F 2 ] based glass-ceramics for dental crowns, onlays and inlays, particularly with the widespread usage of CADCAM within dental surgery. xref These applications using mica based glass-ceramics are directly dependent on their machinability which is strongly influenced by hardness of the GC. xref The following equation xref indicates the relationship between Hardness ( H ) and machinability parameter ( m ):"

sparser
"Digital technology, such as CAD-CAM and 3D printing, were efficient and therapeutically acceptable [ xref ], yet conventional approaches, particularly when employing cast frameworks, consistently gave greater fit and precision [ xref ]."

sparser
"This aligns with previous research on the precision of CAD-CAM and PEEK materials in dental applications [ xref ]."

sparser
"The argument made by Agarwal et al. [ xref ] on the effectiveness and therapeutic acceptance of CAD-CAM and 3D printing in prosthodontics is in line with a general trend in the dentistry sector [ xref ]."

sparser
"Flexible 3D-printed and CAD-CAM milled polycarbonate-based splint materials displayed lower surface hardness and higher wear than the PMMA-based materials."

sparser
"A titanium abutment (Variobase® abutment, Ø 4.5 mm, GH = 3 mm, AH = 5.5 mm, Straumann®, Switzerland) was selected and screwed into the analog, then CAD-CAM lab technology (Ceramill map400, Ceramill motion2; Amanngirrbach, Koblach, Austria) was utilized to fabricate an occlusally vented zirconia core that precisely fits the Variobase® abutment."

sparser
"To evaluate the effect of different surface treatments, ferrule heights, and luting agents on the pull-out bond strength (PBS) of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) monolithic endocrowns."

sparser
"After endodontic treatment and preparation for two endocrown designs (ferrule height 0 mm or 2 mm), CAD-CAM monolithic zirconia endocrowns were fabricated for 80 mandibular molars."

sparser
"Although computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM)-fabricated implants may offer excellent anatomical fit, their cost and technical requirements limit their widespread application."

sparser
"This report was aimed at highlighting a practical and cost-effective reconstructive approach for managing acetabular chondrosarcoma in settings without access to CAD-CAM prostheses."

sparser
"The use of software tools for three-dimensional imaging has enabled more accurate planning of surgical techniques and also the construction of customized prostheses (CAD-CAM)."

sparser
"Although CAD-CAM systems allow for the design of customized prostheses, their cost and limited availability remain significant barriers."

sparser
"The emergence of intraoral scanning (IOS) offers an efficient alternative to conventional impressions, enhancing patient comfort by eliminating trays and impression materials and enabling seamless integration with CAD-CAM workflows for denture design and fabrication. xref xref Newly developed scanners can capture highly accurate full-arch impressions in less time; however, scanning fully edentulous arches remains challenging. xref xref xref xref Additional limitations include a significant operator learning curve, higher equipment costs, and potential interference from reflective tissues or saliva. xref xref xref Despite these challenges, multiple studies have validated the reliability of contemporary IOS for completely edentulous arches. xref xref xref Therefore, the IOS has the potential to accurately capture the detailed contours of the flabby edentulous ridge without exerting physical pressure on the tissues."

sparser
"In 2019, AI-Dwairi et al. [ xref ] compared the fit quality of CLVs made by pressing and CAD-CAM milling and cemented with two distinct resin cements."

sparser
"Fabrication of a CAD-CAM combination matrix for trial restorations: A dental technique."

sparser
"The slight differences observed among the cylinders were inherent to the manufacturing process (all cobalt-chromium, titanium, and zirconium cylinders were milled from the same .stl file via CAD-CAM) and the differing physical densities of the materials."

sparser
"In contrast, other modern methods that work according to the computer-aided design and manufacturing system (CAD-CAM) have seen great advancement."

sparser
"A method to improve positioning of denture teeth on denture bases for CAD-CAM complete dentures: A dental technique."

sparser
"A screw-retained surgical guide, fabricated with CAD-CAM (computer-aided design and computer aided manufacturing) technology, seems to make it feasible to ensure the accuracy and the safety of the final results [ xref , xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"Since the first introduction of the Cerec system in the early 1980s, computer-aided design and manufacturing technology (CAD-CAM) has spread widely, not only in the field of adhesive restoration, but also in every field of modern dentistry."

sparser
"However, evidence-based guidelines for the storage media of CAD-CAM fabricated occlusal appliances are lacking."

sparser
"With advances in digital dentistry, CAD-CAM and 3D printing technologies have enabled efficient fabrication of restorations, with 3D printing offering a cost-effective alternative [ xref ]."

sparser
"In this regard, a study by Oudkerk et al. reported on experience with the one-step no-prep approach for the complete restoration of worn dentition using PICN CAD-CAM restorations."

sparser
"With the improvement of research and technology, the clinician is now able to take advantage of prosthetic restorations that are optimally fabricated using traditional and/or CAD-CAM systems."

sparser
"In this regard, using CAD-CAM technology, Schlichting et al. compared the production of ultra-thin posterior veneers in both composite and ceramic materials."

sparser
"Additively manufactured CAD-CAM complete dentures with intra oral scanning and cast digitization: a controlled clinical trial."

sparser
"The technique can assist in accurately assembling CAD-CAM milled complete dentures and may shorten chairside time by reducing clinical occlusal adjustment."

sparser
"The accuracy of intraoral scanners is a prerequisite for the fabrication of dental restorations in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) dentistry."

sparser
"Rizonaki et al. found mean marginal gap values between 23 and 96 μm for lithium disilicate CAD-CAM crowns [ xref ]."

sparser
"CAD-CAM has revolutionized not just the fixed prosthdontics (e.g. all ceramic restoration) but has also been used for the CAD-CAM RPD, Complete denture, implant therapies, maxillofacial prosthesis, esthetic dentistry, virtual articulators and digital face bows, robot articulator, or in the field of training, education and research by the use of virtual patient programs, and others."

sparser
"The digitization and technology in prosthodontics can be used both in the clinical and lab procedures such as the use of CAD-CAM technology, stereolithography, rapid prototyping, and etc."

sparser
"Using the design data, FPD patterns were fabricated from an additively manufactured resin (PR, ProArt Print Wax) and 2 CAD-CAM wax discs (YW, ProArt CAD Wax Yellow and BW, ProArt CAD Wax Blue) (n=10)."

sparser
"With flapless techniques and CAD-CAM guidance, implant procedures may be completed more quickly, minimizing stress and trismus occurrence."

sparser
"This study aimed to investigate the resin compounds from CAD-CAM 3D-printed denture resins, focusing on the identification and classification of free monomers and other components."

sparser
"New fabrication technologies such as 3-dimensional (3-D) printing can provide expanded access to CAD-CAM capabilities, and open new opportunities for custom design and production of standardizable devices directly based on the needs of aquatic user communities."

sparser
"Surface roughness and stainability of CAD-CAM denture base materials after simulated brushing and coffee thermocycling."

sparser
"Thirty PEEK copings were fabricated and divided into 3 groups (n=10) according to the fabrication technique: milled from a prefabricated PEEK blank by using a computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) system (PC); pressed from prefabricated PEEK pellets (PP); and pressed from PEEK granules (PG); in addition, 3-mol yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (3Y-TZP) copings (n=10) were produced by using the same CAD-CAM system and served as a control."

sparser
"The overall mean ±standard deviation marginal gap at the marginal opening for the copings was 78 ±10 μm for PEEK granules copings, 72 ±9 μm for PEEK pellet copings, 45 ±6 μm for PEEK CAD-CAM copings, and 43 ±1 μm for the 3Y-TZP CAD-CAM control."

sparser
"Effect of the thickness of CAD-CAM materials on the shear bond strength of light-polymerized resin cement."

sparser
"Material type, thickness, and surface roughness were major factors affecting the color of CAD-CAM monochromatic materials."

sparser
"The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the effect of simulated brushing and CTC on the surface roughness (R a ) and stainability of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) denture base materials and a heat-polymerized denture base material."

sparser
"Forty disk-shaped specimens were prepared from 3 CAD-CAM denture base resins (AvaDent, AV; Merz M-PM, M-PM; and Polident d."

sparser
"Over recent decades, digital technologies available for the fabrication of complete dentures (CDs) have changed the conventional protocols for their design and manufacturing, leading to efficient clinical results and reduced processing time. xref xref Milling techniques to produce CDs are more precise than the traditional molding method, offering advantages such as the absence of polymerization shrinkage and reduced monomer release. xref xref In terms of mechanical properties, the milled resins used to manufacture CDs have higher microhardness than conventional polymerized polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) resins. xref xref xref xref xref xref xref xref xref Additionally, CAD-CAM resins differ significantly from conventional resins in physical properties such as surface roughness, which affects bacterial plaque adhesion, and hydrophobicity. xref xref xref xref xref xref From a chemical perspective, milled resins release minimal residual monomer, although studies indicate no statistically significant differences in residual monomer levels when compared to conventionally polymerized resins. xref xref "

sparser
"However, M-PM CAD-CAM denture base resin underwent a greater color change after all treatments were completed than conventional denture base resin."

sparser
"CAD-CAM materials were used for each preparation to design the virtual endocrown."

sparser
"Four types of CAD-CAM hybrid block materials—Lava Ultimate (LA), Vita Enamic (VE), CeraSmart (CS), and Shofu Block HC (SH)—were used in this study, in combination with the following four adhesive protocols: 1) control: porcelain primer + total etch adhesive (CO), 2) Single Bond Universal (SB), 3) All Bond Universal (AB), and 4) Clearfil Universal Bond (CU)."

sparser
"Quantitative analysis of the color in six CAD-CAM dental materials of varied thickness and surface roughness: An in vitro study."

sparser
"Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) monochromatic restorative materials are gaining popularity because of their convenience and efficiency."

sparser
"The CAD-CAM block type and block-adhesive combination had significant effects on the bond strength values ( p < 0.05)."

sparser
"The purpose of this in vitro study was to quantitatively evaluate the color of 6 CAD-CAM monochromatic materials of different thickness and surface roughness using the CIELab color system."

sparser
"Impact of type of bonding agent on adhesion of CAD-CAM denture bases and teeth manufactured using different techniques: A preliminary study."

sparser
"A total of 150 12×12-mm square specimens of 6 different CAD-CAM monochromatic materials (VITA Enamic HT [VE], IPS e.max CAD HT [LS], LAVA Ultimate HT [LU], Telio CAD HT [TE], VITA Suprinity HT [VS], and Celtra Duo HT [CD]) in shade A2 and 5 different thicknesses (from 0.5 mm to 2.5 mm, with 0.5-mm increments) were fabricated (n=5)."

sparser
"Comparing the Surface Behavior of Conventional and CAD-CAM Feldspathic Porcelains in the Face of Laser-Assisted Bleaching and Post-bleach Polishing."

sparser
"Numerous pores, which are possible areas of stress concentration, were demonstrated on micro-CT images of heat-pressed veneers and CAD-CAM frameworks [ xref ]."

sparser
"A step-by-step technique for fabricating a computer-aided design and computer-aided manufactured (CAD-CAM) rigid matrix relined with polyvinyl siloxane material to fabricate a trial restoration is presented."

sparser
"Three months after osseointegration, the patients received either CADCAM BioHPP framework hybrid prosthesis (Group I) or BioHPP bar supported and retained overdenture (Group II)."

sparser
"It is biocompatible, bioinert, and radiolucent, and it is compatible with carbon and glass fibers [ xref , xref ] CADCAM high-performance polymers (HPPs) are alternative materials to titanium and zirconia."

sparser
"The reason to prefer CAD-CAM produced MZC in our study was to obtain dimensionally standardized crowns."

sparser
"Now that CAD-CAM and 3D-printing technology have found their application in orthodontics, it is just a matter of time for commercially available direct 3D-printed aligners and retainers to be released."

sparser
"Biomechanical behavior and Weibull survival of CAD-CAM endocrowns with different marginal designs: A 3D finite element analysis."

sparser
"New generation CAD-CAM fiber-reinforced composite resins (FRCs) have a high concentration of multidirectional interlacing of high glass fibers when compared with conventional FRCs, and have been used as ISFDP frameworks because of their claimed shock-absorbing behavior, low elastic modulus, and high flexural strength [ xref – xref ]."

sparser
"Hydrofluoric acid (HF) is commonly used as an etchant for the pretreatment of dental computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) materials, such as glass-ceramics and resin composites."

sparser
"This study explored the potential of ammonium hydrogen sulfate (AHS), a low-toxicity and weak acid, to enhance the etching ability of aqueous AF solutions for the bonding pretreatment of CAD-CAM materials."

sparser
"This study investigated five types of aesthetic CAD-CAM materials: lithium disilicate glass, feldspathic porcelain, polymer-infiltrated ceramic networks, resin composites, and zirconia."

sparser
"Seven experimental etchants were prepared by varying the amount of AHS added to aqueous AF solutions, with each etchant used to etch the surfaces of the respective CAD-CAM materials."

sparser
"Additionally, the shear bond strength (SBS) of the CAD-CAM materials treated with a luting agent (resin cement) was evaluated."

sparser
"Hence, an AF/AHS mixed solution could effectively etch silica-containing CAD-CAM materials, thereby enhancing their bonding capabilities."

sparser
"Computer-aided design computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology has significantly advanced dental restorations by enabling a more precise and rapid production of restorations [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"These aesthetic CAD-CAM materials are known for their advantageous properties."

sparser
"Therefore, achieving durable and reliable bonding is crucial for the long-term success of tooth restorations using the aesthetic CAD-CAM materials."

sparser
"For dependable bonding, surface pretreatment of CAD-CAM materials before applying a luting agent is vital for enhancing bond strength [ xref ]."

sparser
"Currently, there is no alternative etchant that can match the effectiveness of HF for chemically etching CAD-CAM surfaces, thus presenting a significant challenge in dentistry and highlighting the need to balance efficient surface conditioning with the use of safer and less harmful substances."

sparser
"Although AF is less toxic and corrosive than ammonium bifluoride, AF cannot naturally etch CAD-CAM materials [ xref ]."

sparser
"The current impetus towards the digitalization of implant dentistry using CAD-CAM technologies and the history of the recent pandemic, the goal is to send impressions digitally to the laboratory without the risk of contamination and the added steps of disinfection."

sparser
"While this inner core represents the biological backbone inducing functionality of the graft, the outer shell could be adapted to the defect by 3D CAD-CAM techniques and thus fit the defect site in si[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

sparser
"Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether the addition of an acid to AF solutions can enhance their etching effect on CAD-CAM materials and subsequently improve the bond strength between the material and the luting agent."

sparser
"The desire to mimic the natural optical features in dental restorations led to the development of instrument‐based color measurement systems, such as spectrophotometers, colorimeters, intraoral digital scanners, and imaging systems. xref , xref , xref , xref , xref , xref After the introduction of computer‐aided design and computer‐aided manufacturing (CADCAM) technologies, new‐generation intraoral scanners have built‐in shade and color parameter assessment functions. xref , xref , xref Although few studies suggested that the intraoral scanners may be an alternative for shade selection and more reliable than the visual method, some studies showed that shade measurements from the intraoral scanners are not comparable to the spectrophotometers. xref , xref , xref Nonetheless, color measurement with digital methods helps eliminate subjective variables such as environmental conditions and the assessor's experience of shade selection. xref However, the higher cost of equipment could limit its adoption in clinical practice. xref "

sparser
"Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing involves the addition of material layer‐by‐layer to fabricate 3D objects using CADCAM technology. xref , xref , xref , xref Among different 3D printing technologies, material jetting can be used in the color reproduction of 3D‐printed objects. xref , xref , xref Material jetting (MJ) works on a principle similar to an inkjet printer, the difference is that instead of ink drops, material jetting uses light‐polymerizing polymer, wax, or silicone‐like rubber materials."

sparser
"These solutions were tested for their etching abilities using different CAD-CAM materials."

sparser
"This study tested two null hypotheses: (1) the etching abilities of AF solutions are not influenced by the addition of AHS, and (2) the mixed solution of AF and AHS does not enhance the bond strength of CAD-CAM materials to a luting agent."

sparser
"The quantitative etching effects of the experimental etchants on the CAD-CAM materials were evaluated using the Ra values obtained from CLSM, as shown in xref ."

sparser
"A clear trend was observed, where the Ra values of each CAD-CAM material, including lithium disilicate glass, feldspathic porcelain, the polymer-infiltrated ceramic network, and the resin composite, increased as the concentration of AHS in the etchant increased."

sparser
"After that, CAD-CAM technology is helpful to create a surgical guide to allow the correct planned implant placement."

sparser
"These findings are consistent with [ xref ], who found that mechanical treatments such as sandblasting ceramic samples resulted in greater surface roughness than acid etching, albeit using CAD-CAM resin matrix ceramics."

sparser
"This study explored the efficacy of an experimental etchant, a mixture of AF and AHS, for the surface etching of various CAD-CAM dental materials."

sparser
"The AF1/AHS3 etchant, which demonstrated the best etching effect among the experimental etchants, was further investigated for its effect on the bonding of various CAD-CAM materials. xref shows the SBS between the luting agent and treated CAD-CAM materials."

sparser
"This study investigated the surface etching effects of a mixed solution of AF and AHS (an experimental etchant) on various aesthetic CAD-CAM materials for bonding pretreatment."

sparser
"The findings revealed that the AF1/AHS3 etchant effectively etched several CAD-CAM materials, such as lithium disilicate glass, feldspathic porcelain, polymer-infiltrated ceramic networks, and resin composites, but did not affect zirconia."

sparser
"The CAD-CAM materials treated with the AF1/AHS3 etchant exhibited higher SBS than their non-treated counterparts."

sparser
"Digital scanners and CAD-CAM (computer-aided design and manufacturing) technologies were created for precise, dependable impressions to overcome these challenges with conventional approaches [ xref ]."

sparser
"CMP-EK, similar to the CAD-CAM prosthesis by Sewell et al. , offers only a survival rate of 92% and 93%."

sparser
"The present study employed Ceramic Primer Plus ® ( xref ) as an adhesive primer for bonding resin cement (luting agent) to various CAD-CAM materials."

sparser
"The first step of the CAD-CAM system, data collection, includes either intraoral or extraoral scanners."

sparser
"Furthermore, the second null hypothesis, i.e., the mixed solution of AF and AHS (experimental etchant) does not improve the bond strength of CAD-CAM materials to a luting agent, was partially rejected."

sparser
"The CAD-CAM materials used in this study were categorized into silica- and non-silica-containing materials."

sparser
"It is recommended that flapless implant placement should be used with computer-aided design- computer-aided engineering (CAD-CAM) technique, but there are several studies which have demonstrated that with good clinical expertize they can be conducted without CAD-CAM also."

sparser
"Although the flapless technique is proved to be more beneficial when combined with CAD-CAM technique, but due to its cost sensitivity and complexity, the other methods of placing flapless implants, i.e., guided surgery without 3D navigation and flapless technique without a surgical guide, should be considered but only by skilled clinicians with high clinical expertize."

sparser
"Among the various experimental etchants tested, the AF1/AHS3 etchant demonstrated the most significant etching effect on the CAD-CAM materials, except for zirconia."

sparser
"The effect of the AF1/AHS3 etchant on the SBS between the etched CAD-CAM materials and the luting agent was comparable to that achieved with the commercial HF etchant, indicating that the AF1/AHS3 etchant effectively increases the surface roughness and area of the CAD-CAM materials, enhancing their potential for mechanical interlocking at the interface between the luting agent and CAD-CAM materials."

sparser
"These findings suggest that the experimental AF1/AHS3 etchant is a viable option for the pre-bonding treatment of CAD-CAM materials, excluding zirconia."

sparser
"Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CADCAM) technology were broadly applied in the field of dentistry [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"The findings revealed that the acidic AF1/AHS3 etchant effectively increased the surface roughness of silica-containing CAD-CAM materials, such as lithium disilicate glass, feldspathic porcelain, polymer-infiltrated ceramic networks, and resin composites, thereby enhancing their bond strength with the luting agent."

sparser
"Thus, the AF1/AHS3 etchant is a promising candidate for the pretreatment of silica-containing CAD-CAM materials, offering a potential alternative to HF while maintaining etching effectiveness and reducing toxicity risks."

sparser
"The purpose of this case series is to describe a new digital workflow for the All-on-4 concept. (2) Methods : The patients were rehabilitated using the All-on-4 concept with a digital workflow including computerized tomography scanning, intra-oral scanning, and CAD-CAM production of the temporary prosthesis, with the 3D printing of stackable guides (base guide, implant guide, and prosthetic guide)."

sparser
"The tooth specimens were divided equally into three groups (n=10), according to the glass fiber post (GFP) system: AP-prefabricated GFP (Reforpost #2, Angelus) was relined with composite resin (Filtek Z350 XT, 3M ESPE); SPLENDOR SAP-GFP was used with a glass fiber sleeve to adjust the adaptation (Splendor SAP, Angelus); and CAD-CAM-a resin pattern was obtained and scanned to produce a CAD-CAM GFP (Fiber CAD Lab, Angelus) milled using a subtractive technique."

sparser
"73.8% of the study population were taught about CAD-CAM in their educational institution."

sparser
"A recent development in implant dentistry represents the use of fully digital workflows, comprising three-dimensional imaging, computer-guided implant insertion, digital impressions using intra-oral scanners, and CAD-CAM prostheses [ xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"These potential issues have deserved some attention from the scientific/clinical community with the improvement in the workflow by introducing stackable guides that allow the connection of surgical guides and an interim poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA)-fixed prosthesis following CAD-CAM digital design and 3D printing [ xref , xref , xref , xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"This clinical report presents combining a computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) composite resin palatal wall with a direct composite resin layering technique for the esthetic and functional restoration of a large Class IV fracture of a maxillary central incisor to achieve optimal esthetic and functional outcomes."

sparser
"Combining a CAD-CAM composite resin palatal wall with a direct composite resin layering technique for the restoration of a large Class IV fracture: A clinical report."

sparser
"Therefore, alum should either be incorporated into CADCAM blocks or applied onto restorations extraorally."

sparser
"This study aimed to investigate the effect of the thickness of computer aided design-computer aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) restorative materials on the bond strength of light-polymerized resin cement."

sparser
"Ninety specimens were prepared from three different CAD-CAM materials (a leucite-based glass-ceramic [Empress CAD], a polymer-infiltrated ceramic network [Vita Enamic], and a zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic [Vita Suprinity]) in different thicknesses (1, 2, and 3 mm)."

sparser
"Objectives : The objectives of this work are to show our experience, protocol and the applications of computer planning, virtual surgery, CAD-CAM design, surgical navigation, and computer-assisted navigated piezoelectric surgery in the treatment of facial intraosseous vascular anomalies and to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages."

sparser
"Two self-drilling BENEfit ® miniscrews, 2.0 mm in diameter and 9.0 mm in length, were selected and a surgical CAD-CAM guide was designed and printed to allow guided insertion of the miniscrews ( xref )."

sparser
"We accomplished the resection and reconstruction of the lesion using virtual planning, CAD-CAM design, surgical navigation and piezoelectric device navigation."

sparser
"Conclusions : Resection and reconstruction of facial intraosseous vascular anomalies benefit from this new surgical strategy using CAD-CAM technologies, computer-assisted navigated piezoelectric surgery, and surgical navigation."

sparser
"CAD-CAM monolithic crowns of Trans YZ show the best fatigue performance."

sparser
"Data comparing the fatigue performance of adhesively luted glass or polycrystalline ceramic systems for computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) are scarce."

sparser
"The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the fatigue performance of monolithic crowns manufactured from glass or polycrystalline CAD-CAM ceramic systems adhesively luted to a dentin analog."

sparser
"The main objective of this work is to show our experience, our protocol, and the applications of computer planning, virtual surgery, CAD-CAM design, surgical navigation and computer-assisted navigated piezoelectric surgery in the treatment of facial intraosseous vascular anomalies and to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of this innovative surgical approach."

sparser
"This review compared the differences between Computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) and conventionally manufactured removable complete dentures (CDs)."

sparser
"Seventy-three studies reporting on CAD-CAM (milled/3D-printed) CDs were included in this review."

sparser
"Resection of facial intraosseous vascular anomalies can benefit from using CAD-CAM technologies, Computer-assisted navigated piezoelectric surgery and surgical navigation."

sparser
"CAD-CAM allows for the manufacture of PEEK prostheses that can be immediately adapted to the defect."

sparser
"In the literature, few studies have examined the repair of CAD-CAM hybrid blocks."

sparser
"The aim of this study was to investigate the microshear bond strength (μSBS) of different universal adhesive systems applied to hybrid computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) restorative materials repaired with a composite resin."

sparser
"The aim of this study was to evaluate the push-out bond strength and the failure mode of single adjustable posts (SPLENDOR SAP), anatomical posts (AP), or computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) posts cemented to flared root canal dentin with self-adhesive dual-cure resin cement."

sparser
"Effect of half-digital workflows on the adaptation of customized CAD-CAM composite post-and-cores."

sparser
"Studies on CAD-CAM CDs were included if they reported on trueness, biocompatibility, mechanical-, surface-, chemical-, color-, and microbiological- properties, time-cost analysis, and clinical outcomes."

sparser
"CAD-CAM CDs were better than conventional in retention (p=0.015)."

sparser
"Fabrication of CAD-CAM CDs required lesser chairside time (p=0.037) and overall costs (p<0.0001) than conventional CDs."

sparser
"This systematic review concludes that CAD-CAM CDs offer a number of improved mechanical/surface properties and are not inferior when compared to conventional CDs."

sparser
"CAD-CAM CDs should be considered for completely edentulous patients whenever possible, since this technique offers numerous advantages including better retention, mechanical- and surface properties but, most importantly, preserves a digital record."

sparser
"The μSBS values showed variation across different adhesive treatments on different hybrid CAD-CAM block types."

sparser
"Aesthetic restorations made chair-side or in a laboratory environment using computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology are increasingly popular treatments in contemporary dentistry [ xref ]."

sparser
"A wide variety of CAD-CAM materials, such as lithium disilicate, feldspar, and resin nanoceramics, can be found on the market for different indications."

sparser
"Studies of different repair systems and protocols have been conducted [ xref xref xref ]; however, there is a lack of information about the effects of universal adhesive systems on the repair performance of hybrid CAD-CAM materials."

sparser
"Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the repair performance of different universal adhesive systems applied to four commercially available hybrid CAD-CAM restorative materials through microshear bond strength (μSBS) testing."

sparser
"The use of virtual surgical planning, CAD-CAM design of prostheses and customized surgical guides has been applied by a few authors for the surgical management of vascular anomalies of the facial bones [ xref , xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"Computer-assisted technology for virtual planning, CAD-CAM designed PEEK prosthesis, surgical navigation and piezoelectric resection represent a new trend in the multidisciplinary treatment of these complex anomalies."

sparser
"Several authors have reported that the use of virtual surgery and CAD-CAM design of prostheses and customized surgical guides improves the accuracy of the reconstruction and its esthetic results, reduces complications of ablation and reconstruction, and decreases surgical time and postoperative hospital stay [ xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"From our point of view, the integration of virtual surgery, CAD-CAM design and surgical navigation technology represents a significant advancement in reconstructive surgery [ xref , xref , xref , xref , xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"The null hypotheses tested were that 1) the type of applied adhesive material, 2) the type of hybrid CAD-CAM block, and 3) the adhesive-block combination would not influence the μSBS values."

sparser
"Ustun et al . [ xref ] investigated the SBS of CAD-CAM blocks that were repaired with a Ceramic Repair System and a Clearfil Repair System."

sparser
"This has led to the proposal of an important improvement to the bonds of silane or phosphoric monomers, which can prime the inorganic components of the CAD-CAM blocks made of nanoceramic particles embedded in a resin matrix [ xref xref ]."

sparser
"The aim of this clinical report was to describe the replacement of a missing mandibular right first molar with a computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacture (CAD-CAM) resin-bonded IRCFDP made of zirconia ceramic."

sparser
"Further studies are required to determine the most appropriate repair protocols for hybrid CAD-CAM materials, and different aging conditions should be tested, but laboratory tests cannot be the only reference."

sparser
"Effect of surface finishing, coffee thermal cycling, and repolishing on the optical properties of lithium disilicate-based CAD-CAM glass-ceramics."

sparser
"Computer‐aided design and manufacturing (CADCAM) technologies enable clinicians to scan, design, and fabricate dentures with reduced clinical visits and faster turnaround times (Abad‐Coronel et al.  xref ; Clark Brinton  xref )."

sparser
"CAD-CAM Removable Complete Dentures: A systematic review and meta-analysis of trueness of fit, biocompatibility, mechanical properties, surface characteristics, color stability, time-cost analysis, clinical and patient-reported outcomes."

sparser
"The two most common CADCAM methods are subtractive milling and additive 3D printing (Lawson et al.  xref )."

sparser
"CAD-CAM restorations are a major technological development that has focused to address the aesthetic needs and optimum compatibility to the human dentition."
| PMC

sparser
"In recent years, computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology has enabled the correction of the location of screw access hole depending on the clinical needs of the patient."

sparser
"CAD-CAM milled and heat-cured resins have comparable roughness parameters; however, the milled samples exhibited better mechanical properties than conventional and 3D-printed resins."

sparser
"The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the accuracy of impressions made with metal and resin computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) impression copings and an altered cast technique."

sparser
"The impressions made with metal and resin CAD-CAM impression copings were more accurate than those made with the Alt-cast technique although all techniques had acceptable accuracy."

sparser
"Comparison of the accuracy of impressions made of 2 implants with interfering axial convergence with CAD-CAM impression copings and the altered cast technique: An in vitro study."

sparser
"Using CADCAM software, it was possible to define three planes: the reference palatine plane (PP), the OP and the reference vertical maxillary plane."

sparser
"The study aimed to quantitatively evaluate the elution of methylmethacrylate from CAD-CAM manufactured removable complete dentures (RCDs) using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)."

sparser
"This latter was designed with the CADCAM technology by the manufacturer based on the DICOM files obtained with the CBCT and the planned bone regeneration."

sparser
"In the present case report, the limits of traditional titanium meshes related to the difficulties in their modeling, defect adaptation and fixation were overwhelmed by the use of customized titanium mesh obtained with the CADCAM technology."

sparser
"In the present case report, the combined use of a CADCAM customized titanium mesh with the equine anorganic bone, a horizontal bone augmentation of 5.2 mm was achieved."

sparser
"Even without the use of an intraoral scanner, post-and-cores can be obtained by using a part-digital fabrication workflow that requires pattern modeling (direct, indirect, or impression); however, studies on the adaptation of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) composite resin post-and-cores in comparison with metal cast post-and-cores are sparse."

sparser
"The purpose of this in vitro study was to analyze the adaptation of CAD-CAM composite resin post-and-cores fabricated through a part-digital fabrication workflow and to compare it with that of metal cast post-and-cores fabricated through conventional methods."

sparser
"Composite resin post-and-cores were milled from nanohybrid glass-ceramic composite resin CAD-CAM blocks (Brava Block; FGM) by using the part-digital workflow."

sparser
"A laboratory scanner was used to digitalize polyvinyl siloxane impressions (part-digital scanned impression direct CAD-CAM [PSC]) of the root canals and resin patterns fabricated directly (part-digital direct CAD-CAM [PDC]) or indirectly (part-digital indirect CAD-CAM [PIC])."

sparser
"The conventional direct modeling group had lower mean volume of the cementation space than all CAD-CAM composite resin post-and-cores (P<."

sparser
"Regardless of the fabrication workflow, no differences were observed among the CAD-CAM composite resin post-and-cores (P>."

sparser
"Metal post-and-cores had slightly better adaptation than the CAD-CAM composite resin post-and-cores; however, the part-digital fabrication workflow of CAD-CAM composite resin post-and-cores provided adaptation parameters within a clinically acceptable range and is less time consuming."

sparser
"To evaluate the flexural strength and Vickers microhardness of different CAD-CAM denture base materials."

sparser
"Adequate maintenance of the midline, occlusion, and mandibular dynamics was all achieved through digital processing of TC cone beam, following the acquisition of 3D images to define the resection lines with safety margins and a CAD-CAM procedure to obtain the cutting guides and a prosthesis with the correct dimensions."

sparser
"The fixation screws pre-holes were constructed from the surgical guide data to facilitate the accurate fitting of the CAD-CAM custom-made prosthesis."

sparser
"The fixation screw pre-holes were constructed from the surgical guide data to facilitate the accurate fitting of the CAD-CAM custom-made prosthesis ( xref b)."

sparser
"Surgical resection was planned by virtual reconstruction and CAD-CAM custom-made osteotomy guides."

sparser
"Osteotomy size was planned at the sub-condylar and para-symphyseal right level; reconstruction was planned by a hollow structured titanium prosthesis smooth on the outside, and rough inside, designed and built with a CAD-CAM laser-melting technique from CT data ( xref a,b)."

sparser
"Application of CAD-CAM technology in the reconstruction of anterior teeth with implant restorations affected by growth changes in young adults: A clinical report."

sparser
"Marginal discrepancy and fracture load of thermomechanically fatigued crowns fabricated with different CAD-CAM techniques."

sparser
"Although successful in these two cases, surgical reconstruction of the mandibular defect after resection by a CAD-CAM custom-made prosthesis still shows some drawbacks and failure risks."

sparser
"Among these, a bone resection alongside a reconstruction by modern 3D techniques applying a CAD-CAM digitalized and customized titanium prosthesis for precision surgery was the solution that best suited the functional and aesthetic patient’s requests."

sparser
"Patient-customized OGS using customized fixation plate after the virtual simulation is a more effective strategy than using CAD-CAM splints alone [ xref ]; however, some errors in the diagnosis and treatment planning may occur due to limitations in manipulating 3D data on a 2D screen [ xref ]."

sparser
"Mandibular osteotomies at the planned level (sub-condylar and para-symphyseal right area distally to 43) were performed using osteotomy CAD-CAM cutting guides designed by digital custom-made with 3D printing procedure as previously described."

sparser
"The use of CAD-CAM technology for the fabrication of custom-made surgical guides and titanium prostheses from CT scans represents an alternative in some cases, especially in the areas of craniomaxillofacial trauma, orthognathic surgery, and reconstructive maxillofacial surgery after resection for neoplasms, which are not a candidate to postoperative radiotherapy."

sparser
"The use of CAD-CAM technology for custom-made surgical guides and titanium prostheses offers several advantages such as accuracy, reduced invasiveness, and improved predictability of outcomes."

sparser
"Restorations were made using a CAD-CAM milling machine with zirconia CAD blocks and, after cementation, subjected to 10,000 thermocycling and 500,000 fatigue cycle procedures, respectively."

sparser
"The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the fracture resistance of crowns made of a recently introduced chairside CAD-CAM lithium disilicate containing virgilite cemented with different types of adhesive luting cement."

sparser
"It was hypothesized that stresses generated during CAD-CAM processes to grind the finishing lines of zirconia dental cores, as well as stresses induced by chewing activity, can induce a tetragonal-to-monoclinic transformation."

sparser
"These results are remarkable since it was reported that zirconia under wear can show up to 40% vol of m-zirconia [ xref ], so the absence of this phase in the CAD-CAM prepared cores can be considered a good starting point to support a long-lasting durability of zirconia dental prostheses."

sparser
"Effect of resin cement selection on fracture resistance of chairside CAD-CAM lithium disilicate crowns containing virgilite: A comparative in vitro study."

sparser
"Studies on the fracture performance of a recently introduced computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) lithium disilicate ceramic containing virgilite with different cements are lacking."

sparser
"Sixty complete coverage crowns for a maxillary right central incisor were milled out of a lithium disilicate with virgilite (CEREC Tessera) (n=48) and a traditional lithium disilicate (e.max CAD) (n=12) using a chairside CAD-CAM system (Primescan)."

sparser
"The staining and discoloration of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacture (CAD-CAM) and heat-polymerized denture base resins caused by cleaners and liquids influence material selection and patient instructions; systematic reviews, however, are lacking."

sparser
"The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate whether CAD-CAM denture base resins exhibit more staining and discoloration compared with heat-polymerized resins after immersion in liquids and cleaners."

sparser
"Printed CAD-CAM resins showed more staining and discoloration, and milled resins showed lower stainability after immersion in liquids and cleaners when compared with heat-polymerized resins."

sparser
"The importance of dental implantology as a solution for partial or total edentulism treatment is also due to the CAD-CAM technology."

sparser
"CAD-CAM technology has reached a higher level of development for prosthetic dentistry [ xref ]."

sparser
"The study’s results showed that the surface quality of the emergence profile for customized dental implant abutments milled by a CAD-CAM machine is different from original dental implant abutments and compatible dental implant abutments that were industrially machined, according to the machine’s setting parameters (Stepover and Feed Rate), thus the null hypothesis was rejected."

sparser
"Analysis of the residual monomer content in milled and 3D-printed removable CAD-CAM Murali complete dentures: an in vitro study."

sparser
"Applying stains to the intaglio surface of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) monolithic ceramic restorations has been proposed as an option to help mask darkened substrates."

sparser
"The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of intaglio surface staining on the microshear bond strength between 2 CAD-CAM ceramics and a resin cement."

sparser
"Schlichting et al. observed CADCAM ceramics (e.max CAD) and composite (Lava Ultimate) ultra-thin CAM occlusal veneers for 3 years."

sparser
"Accuracy of intraoral versus desktop scanners used in digitizing polyvinyl siloxane impression for fabricating a CAD-CAM customized post and core."

sparser
"In denture processing methods, the CAD-CAM overdenture delivered more precise adaption and clinical performance than the compression mold technique."

sparser
"Microextrusion-based printing is used for biological and nonbiological application deposits of biocompatible printing material such as polymers, cells and hydrogels as a continuous bead based on the c[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

sparser
"To evaluate the surface adaptation and maximal biting force of CAD-CAM milled mandibular overdenture (CAD-CAM MOD) compared to conventional compression mold mandibular overdenture (CC MOD)."

sparser
"Three months after osseointegration, subjects were randomly received either conventional compression mold or CAD-CAM MOD in a crossover design."

sparser
"The results of this study indicated that the tissue surface adaptation of the CAD-CAM MOD bases was significantly better than the conventional (compression mold technique) processed bases where ( P =0.0001)."

sparser
"Regarding clinical performance (maximum biting force), the CAD-CAM MOD exhibited better clinical performance ( P =0.0001)."

sparser
"CAD-CAM produced dentures provide the best denture base adaptation [ xref – xref ]."

sparser
"Through the use of prepolymerized blocks of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), computer software, and a 5-axis milling machine, CAD-CAM produced dentures have emerged as a popular choice [ xref , xref ], due to advancements in dental technology."

sparser
"In the dentistry field, CAD-CAM dentures have quickly acquired popularity [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"In addition, the convenience of constructing additional dentures utilizing digitized recorded patient clinical data is one of the merits of CAD-CAM dentures compared to conventional dentures."

sparser
"CAD-CAM dentures can be completed in two appointments rather than five using the traditional method, saving time for the dentist, technician, and patient [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"Furthermore, the least amount of distortion during CAD-CAM denture processing, which is critical for mucosal adaptation [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"Researchers investigated the adaptation of maxillary [ xref , xref , xref ] or mandibular [ xref ] CAD-CAM complete dentures compared with conventional complete denture bases using superimposition analysis of scanned denture bases [ xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"However, the research has not evaluated the tissue surface adaptation of implant-assisted mandibular overdenture bases fabricated by the CAD-CAM technique."

sparser
"Also, most of the studies carried out in CAD-CAM complete dentures are in vitro studies [ xref , xref , xref , xref ], thus more clinical research is necessary to find out the situation."

sparser
"Studies assessing the tissue surface adaptation and clinical performance of CAD-CAM implant-assisted PMMA mandibular overdentures are required and hence emerged the aim of this study."

sparser
"This study was aimed to evaluate the CAD-CAM processing technique of prepolymerized PMMA with respect to the denture base adaptation and maximum biting force of implant-assisted overdentures compared to conventional techniques for fabricating overdenture bases."

sparser
"The null hypothesis in this clinical trial is that there will be no differences in the above mentioned tissue adaptation, maximum biting force, and clinical performance with milled CAD-CAM or conventional compression mold manufactured implant-assisted overdenture."

sparser
"Tissue Surface Adaption of CAD-CAM MOD and CC MOD."

sparser
"The descriptive analysis (mean ± standard deviation) of positive and negative average deviations of CAD-CAM MOD and CC MOD is presented in xref ."

sparser
"The descriptive analysis (mean ± standard deviation) of MBF of CAD-CAM MOD and CC MOD is presented in xref ."

sparser
"CAD-CAM MOD group (Group I) presented the higher value of maximum biting force (208 ± 3.17), (225 ± 3.45) at 3 and 6 months, respectively, compared to CC MOD (Group II) (166 ± 4.19), (170 ± 4.30) at 3 and 6 months, respectively."

sparser
"The mechanical properties [ xref ], trueness and tissue surface adaptation [ xref , xref ], retentive quality [ xref ], biocompatibility and microbial colonization [ xref ], clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction [ xref , xref ], and clinical complications and quality assessments [ xref , xref ], of CAD-CAM complete dentures compared to conventional dentures were assessed."

sparser
"However, there is a lack of evidence in the dental literature about implant-assisted overdenture base adaptation fabricated using the CAD-CAM technique and the resulting clinical performance when these dentures are supported by implants."

sparser
"The aim of this study was to evaluate implant-assisted overdenture base adaptation and, as a result, the clinical performance of these overdentures that are supported by implants when constructed using the CAD-CAM technique versus the conventional technique."

sparser
"The unique manufacturing approach could be responsible for the superior fit of CAD-CAM produced dentures observed in this study."

sparser
"As a result, when CAD-CAM manufactured dentures were compared to conventional dentures, the fitting surface of the CAD-CAM fabricated dentures revealed a higher similarity to the master cast surface, as previously explained [ xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"This finding was in agreement with previously published articles comparing CAD-CAM processing techniques with pack and press [ xref ] and reporting that CAD-CAM for denture fabrication process was more accurate and reproducible denture fabrication technique [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"The significant increase in the maximum biting force while subjects wearing the CAD-CAM overdentures compared to conventional overdentures may be attributed to improvement in denture adaptation that in turn resulted in more patient comfort and more ability to bite without discomfort that was accompanied with the conventional denture [ xref ]."

sparser
"The positive mean value of the CAD-CAM MOD was (0.034 mm ± 0.003) while the negative mean values were −0.055 mm ± 0,004."

sparser
"Regarding positive average deviation values, the CAD-CAM MOD group was significantly lower than the CC MOD group ( P =0.0001)."

sparser
"Regarding negative average deviation values, the CC MOD group was significantly higher than those for the CAD-CAM MOD group ( P =0.0001)."

sparser
"So that, on the basis of analytical statistics, surface matching revealed that the CAD-CAM MOD group presented the higher values of tissue surface adaptation compared to the CC MOD group."

sparser
"Maximum Biting Force (MBF) by CAD-CAM PMMA Resin and Conventional Heat-Cured Processed Implant-Assisted Overdentures."

sparser
"The patient adapted well to the altered vertical dimension, and zirconia restorations were fabricated using CAD-CAM technology."

sparser
"This result was in accordance with Allahyari and Niakan who found better clinical retention and a reduced incidence of denture-related traumatic ulcers with CAD-CAM dentures and a[ xref ] reduced number of postinsertion adjustment appointments [ xref ]."

sparser
"Another explanation for biting force increasing after CAD-CAM denture wearing may be due to physical retention improvement of the prosthesis; hence, less effort was required from the muscles to retain or stabilize the prosthesis [ xref ]."

sparser
"The significant increase in the biting force for conventional fabricated dentures and CAD-CAM fabricated dentures with time from three to six months may be owing to the progressive experience establishment in addition to increased denture base adaptation by time as confirmed by many earlier studies [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"Further long-term clinical trials with increased sample size are needed to evaluate further clinical aspects of CAD-CAM milled overdentures."

sparser
"Within the limitations of the current study, it can be stated that restoring the edentulous mandible with CAD-CAM constructed implant-assisted overdentures increases tissue surface adaption and maximal biting force when compared to conventionally fabricated acrylic resin overdentures."

sparser
"CAD-CAM fiber post presented similar fatigue performance to MBC and FRC approaches when restoring weakened roots."

sparser
"To assess time efficiency and the efficacy of the prosthetic manufacturing for implant crown fabrication in a centralized workflow applying computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM)."

sparser
"In the l-DW, models were digitalized for CAD-CAM fabrication of a monolithic zirconia crown using a standardized titanium base abutment."

sparser
"Color change of CAD-CAM and heat-polymerized resins exposed to different liquids and cleaners: A systematic review."

sparser
"Time efficiency and quality of prosthetic outcomes in a centralized CAD-CAM workflow for implant crown fabrication: a prospective controlled clinical study."

sparser
"Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technologies have facilitated the digitization of intraoral situations by using intraoral scanners (IOSs) or extraoral scanners [ xref ]."

sparser
"Using the foundation restoration as a blueprint: An uncomplicated approach to retrofitting crowns to existing removable partial dentures using CAD-CAM technology."

sparser
"Today the latest software offered by the industries utilises CAD-CAM technology."

sparser
"Recently Numajiri T et al. [ 16 ] described a self-printed CAD-CAM system for jaw reconstruction based on open source softwares."

sparser
"This preferential disintegration of the vitreous phases of ceramic materials creates a micromechanically retentive environment, regardless of the tested material, amplifying the contact surface between ceramic and adhesive, although there is a correlation between the failure mode and the CAD-CAM material type."

sparser
"Results : Two‐way ANOVA revealed a significant interaction between CAD-CAM materials and staining solutions (p<0.01)."

sparser
"However, surgical CADCAM templates, covering the entire surgical field and limiting the visibility of soft tissue and bone anatomy during the bone drilling, do not allow to detect any deviations in the drilling trajectory or implant mispositioning unless the template is removed from the patient mouth."

sparser
"This study determined the power (mW), spectral radiant power (mW/nm), and beam profile of different LCUs through various thicknesses and shades of a CAD-CAM resin composite (BRAVA Block, FGM)."

sparser
"Accuracy of the impression depends on the skill of the dentist, the types of materials used, and the selection of trays, and there are many possibilities for errors to occur in any one of these steps.[ xref ] The trueness and accuracy of the master cast also depend on numerous factors that could be subjected to errors, such as water powder ratio, type of material, mixing time, and preservation of details.[ xref ] The use of computer aided designing – computer aided milling (CAD-CAM) in the field of prosthodontics brought accuracy and success to the treatment procedure in the early 1980s, and this paved the way for further advancements.[ xref ] Intraoral scanners (IOSs) are a user-friendly procedure in which the oral cavity is scanned instead of conventional impression-making."

sparser
"Direct data capture, which is logical direct access to dental CAD-CAM, may be able to bypass these crucial phases.[ xref ] Precise impressions are a necessary precondition for accurate dental restorations, and intraoral digital data collection looks like a sensible first step to avoid any mistakes from the start of the digital workflow."

sparser
"It can be manufactured via CAD-CAM technology (Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided Manufacturing) and is usually cemented to a Ti-base [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"Five thicknesses: 0.5; 0.75; 1.0; 1.5, and 2.0 mm, in three shades: Bleach; A2 and A3.5 of a CAD-CAM resin (n = 5)."

sparser
"In recent years, CADCAM and rapid prototyping in prosthetic dentistry have introduced methods of averting these issues xref ."

sparser
"The diverse chemical and structural compositions of available CAD-CAM materials may result in different responses to erosive fluids, with a potential change in the surface roughness [ xref ]."

sparser
"It is exactly reconstructed from the CAD-CAM databases of the real environment being considered [ xref ]."

sparser
"More recently, some authors have proposed the execution of custom‐made meshes, using CADCAM technology, in order to have the device planned and produced before the surgery, with rounded corner and margins, accurate fitting, and adaption in situ, consequently, having intrinsic stability (Sumida T. et al. xref ; Sagheb et al., xref ; Seiler et al., xref ; Ciocca L. et al., xref ; Hartmann A. et al. xref ; Cucchi A. et al. xref ; Chiapasco et al., xref )."

sparser
"To examine the fracture resistance and fracture modes of endodontically treated teeth (ETT) restored using onlays of different materials fabricated using computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM)."

sparser
"Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is one of the most often used provisional restorative materials. xref PMMA has several advantages over other provisional restorations, including excellent polishing capabilities, low cost, high coefficient of thermal expansion, and lightweight. xref However, this material’s limitations include poor color stability, unpleasant odor, excessive polymerization shrinkage, low durability, porosity, and high surface roughness. xref The development of CAD-CAM (Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided Manufacturing) provisional restorations was introduced to dentistry as a solution to these issues. xref "

sparser
"According to the fabrication process, CAD-CAM technology can be classified as Additive Manufacturing (AM) or Subtractive Manufacturing (SM). xref , xref When a long-term provisional is needed, CAD-CAM provisional materials are preferred because they have various advantages such as color stability, ease of production, accuracy, less material waste, and superior strength. xref The immediate and long-term effects of 3D-printed provisional restorations are directly impacted by the manipulation and post-curing process information that many manufacturers choose not to adequately provide to clinicians. xref "

sparser
"The null hypothesis was that immersing various provisional restoration materials in food-stimulating solvents would not affect the microhardness and color stability of CAD-CAM provisional restorations."

sparser
"Dietary solvents significantly impacted the microhardness and color stability of CAD-CAM provisional restorations compared to conventional materials (p<0.05), thus rejecting the null hypothesis."

sparser
"This could be because of topographical irregularities, which trigger more colorant and plaque than polished surface. xref All CAD-CAM specimens, either polished/unpolished, had “extremely slight change” to “perceivable change” after immersion in saliva and citric acid, while immersion of the conventional group in the exact solutions resulted in a “marked color change”."

sparser
"This result is due to the higher monomer conversion, fewer preparation errors, and pre-polymerization in CAD-CAM restorations. xref "

sparser
"CAD-CAM was similar to FRC when restoring non-weakened roots, while MBC enhanced fatigue properties in this scenario."

sparser
"However, how weakened or non-weakened roots restored with anatomical CAD-CAM posts behave under cyclic fatigue is not clear."

sparser
"To evaluate the load-bearing capacity under fatigue (fatigue failure load [FFL], the number of cycles for failure [CFF], and survival probabilities) and fracture pattern of weakened and non-weakened roots restored with CAD-CAM fiber post and cores, metal cast-post-core, and prefabricated fiber post and resin core."

sparser
"For instance, controlling homogeneity, porosity, and stress release during the finishing and polishing of conventional materials can be difficult. xref Similarly, sample preparation for CAD-CAM restorations is influenced by factors like printing technology, build orientation, layer thickness, and post-curing time. xref Future research in vivo could explore the performance of these materials under more realistic clinical conditions."

sparser
"Dietary solvents significantly affected the surface hardness of CAD-CAM and conventional materials over time."

sparser
"Deep margin elevation with resin composite and resin-modified glass-ionomer on marginal sealing of CAD-CAM ceramic inlays: An in vitro study."

sparser
"Fatigue Properties of Weakened and Non-weakened Roots Restored with CAD-CAM Milled Fiber Post, Prefabricated Fiber Post, or Cast Metal Post."

sparser
"Customized glass fiber posts using CAD-CAM technology have been suggested for restoring endodontically treated teeth."

sparser
"After that, the endodontic treatment was executed, all roots embedded with acrylic resin and the specimens randomly allocated (n=10) considering the factor &quot;post system&quot; in three levels (CAD-CAM: CAD-CAM milled glass-fiber post and core; MBC: metallic-based post and core; and FRC: prefabricated glass-fiber post and composite resin core)."

sparser
"CAD-CAM fiber post (FFL: 865 N; CFF: 311,000 cycles) presented similar fatigue performance (p>0.05) to FRC (FFL: 925 N; CFF: 335,000 cycles), with 100% of repairable fractures for non-weakened roots; however, both groups presented worse performance than MBC (p<0.05; FFL: 1265 N; CFF: 471,000 cycles) which led to 100% of catastrophic failures."

sparser
"The introduction of dental computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) has enabled the use of a digital workflow instead of a conventional workflow that relies on operator experience and skills [ xref , xref , xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"There is a lack of studies comparing the dimensional accuracy and color stability of denture base resins made using computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) milling, 3-dimensional (3D) printing, and conventional denture processing techniques."

sparser
"The objective of this in vitro investigation was to assess and contrast the color stability and dimensional accuracy of denture base resins that were 3D printed and CAD-CAM milled, both before and after aging by thermocycling using digital surface matching technology and a benchtop laser scanner without using a spray, to optimize adaptation of the denture base and cast to minimize any imperfections and to evaluate the impact of the denture cleansing solution on the stability of color."

sparser
"05), while it had no significant difference on the CAD-CAM milled group at all locations ( P  < ."

sparser
"The color change (△E 00 ) was lowest in the CAD-CAM milled group, moderate in the heat-polymerized group and highest in the 3D-printed group."

sparser
"CAD-CAM milled resins had the highest dimensional accuracy and the best color stability, conventional heat polymerized acrylic resins showed moderate change in dimensional accuracy and color stability, while the 3D- printed resin had the lowest dimensional accuracy and color stability after aging by thermocycling."

sparser
"Before the implementation of CAD-CAM technology in removable prosthodontics, the acrylic resin’s polymerization shrinkage hindered the proper alignment between the denture base and denture-bearing tissues [ xref ]."

sparser
"Numerous dental prostheses are being produced using CAD-CAM technology, because it offers promising properties and excellent advantages of enhancing efficiency and productivity, time saving, and improving accuracy [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"The CAD-CAM technology for CD fabrication is being further divided into two most often used digital approaches; the subtractive milling process and the rapid prototyping system, commonly known as 3D printing or additive manufacturing [ xref – xref ]."

sparser
"Manufacturers of CAD-CAM pre-polymerized PMMA blocks claim their products have superior mechanical qualities over traditional denture base resins [ xref ]."

sparser
"In contrast to the affordable cost of benchtop 3D-printers, CAD-CAM milling machines are much expensive and this limits its use to the clinicians or dental laboratories whom can afford its cost [ xref ]."

sparser
"Studies on the behavior of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) monolithic materials subjected to gastric juice alternating with brushing-as occurs in patients with bulimia nervosa-are lacking."

sparser
"The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate, over a simulated 5-year period, the effect of gastric juice alternating with brushing on the roughness, topography, and staining susceptibility of CAD-CAM monolithic materials."

sparser
"Regarding the dimensional accuracy and color stability of CAD-CAM milled and 3D-printed denture base resins, there is a lack of available data in the literature."

sparser
"Therefore, the research aims to evaluate and compare the dimensional accuracy and color stability of denture base resins produced by CAD-CAM milling and 3D printing methods, in comparison to the conventional heat-polymerized PMMA."

sparser
"The null hypothesis is that no difference in the dimensional accuracy and color stability exists between the conventional heat-polymerized PMMA, CAD-CAM milled and 3D-printed denture base resins prior to and following thermocycling or immersion in denture cleanser solution for color stability."

sparser
"The CAD-CAM milled technique demonstrated the highest dimensional accuracy and optimal distribution of adaption in the color map, while the 3D-printed group showed the lowest dimensional accuracy and least uniform distribution of adaptation in the color map and the conventional heat polymerized PMMA lies in between them both."

sparser
"The Use of a Novel CAD-CAM Splint to Simplify Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Mandibular Angle Fracture: A Technical Note."

sparser
"05), while it had no significant difference on the 3D-printed group at both locations 2 and 4 and on the CAD-CAM milled group at all the 5 locations ( P  < ."

sparser
"The dimensional accuracy of the CAD-CAM milled group at all 5 locations was greater compared to the heat polymerized PMMA group and the 3D-printed group whether before or after thermocycling ( P  > ."

sparser
"To evaluate the marginal sealing ability of different restorative materials used in deep margin elevation (DME) on zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate CAD-CAM ceramic restorations."

sparser
"Zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate CAD-CAM ceramic restorations were manufactured and bonded on all specimens with universal bonding and resin luting cement."

sparser
"However, at location 4, it was found that after thermocycling, there was no significant difference between the dimensional accuracy of the CAD-CAM milled group and the 3D-printed group ( P  < ."

sparser
"The median and IQR range values for the CAD-CAM milled group were consistently located around zero at all five locations, both before and after thermocycling."

sparser
"The CAD-CAM milled group showed the lowest change in color and, therefore, the highest color stability (△E 00  = 0.911 ± 0.075), followed by conventional heat-polymerized group (△E 00  = 1.366 ± 0.110), while the 3D-printed group showed the greatest color change (△E 00  = 1.957 ± 0.129), with a significant difference between the 3 groups ( P  < ."

sparser
"The CAD-CAM milled group showed the lowest color change (△E 00  = 2.012 ± 0.353), followed by the conventional heat polymerized group (△E 00  = 2.991 ± 0.244), then the 3D-printed group showed the greatest color change (△E 00  = 3.185 ± 0.389), with a significant difference between the milled group compared to heat polymerized and the 3D-printed group ( P  < ."

sparser
"001), and the CAD-CAM milled group was significantly lower than the acceptability threshold ( P  < ."

sparser
"However, there was no statistically significant difference in the CAD-CAM milled group regarding the perceptibility threshold ( P  = ."

sparser
"However, △E of the CAD-CAM milled group and the 3D-printed group were far below the clinical acceptability threshold with a statistically significant difference ( P  < ."

sparser
"The study aimed to test the impact of thermocycling on dimensional accuracy and stability of color, and the influence of a denture cleanser on the stability of color of conventional, CAD-CAM milled and 3D-printed denture base resins."

sparser
"The CAD-CAM milling technique had the greatest dimensional accuracy at all 5 locations of the reference stone cast followed by the heat polymerized PMMA group then the 3D-printed group showed the least dimensional accuracy before and after thermocycling."

sparser
"The realization of customized 3D meshes with CAD-CAM techniques after a careful virtual planned design can favor the treatment of very large defects and also reduce surgical times because the customized grid immediately and perfectly adapts to the site to be rebuilt without the necessity of intra-operative modeling [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"No statistically significant differences were found between the direct metal laser sintering and CAD-CAM milling techniques in terms of marginal fit."

sparser
"The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate with a 3-dimensional superimposition analysis technique the marginal and internal adaptation of fully crystallized versus partially crystallized zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic CAD-CAM fabricated crowns."

sparser
"Within the limits of this study, the results showed that this new technique of personalized bone regeneration (CBR) with the use of custom 3D titanium meshes manufactured with CAD-CAM technology represents a safe, encouraging and predictable alternative for the regeneration of various bone defects."

sparser
"The CAD-CAM milling technique was the best technique concerning reproducibility at all 5 locations of the denture base before and after thermocycling, followed by the heat polymerized group, then the 3D-printed group which showed the lowest reproducibility."

sparser
"The CAD-CAM milled group was comparatively superior in accuracy to the conventional acrylic resin materials."

sparser
"When discs were thermocycled, the least amount of color change was seen in the CAD-CAM milled group, followed by heat polymerized group then the 3D-printed group ( P  > ."

sparser
"How will surface conditioning methods influence the translucency and color properties of CAD-CAM resin-matrix ceramics with different thicknesses?"

sparser
"Sixteen crowns (n=8) were fabricated with a chairside CAD-CAM system."

sparser
"Therefore, the reduction of the respiratory risk in dental laboratories should also favor the choice of less toxic materials, the use of dust extraction and room ventilation systems and Computer Aided Design—Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technologies for the fabrication of prostheses [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"Accuracy of CAD-CAM milling versus conventional lost-wax casting for single metal copings: A systematic review and meta-analysis."

sparser
"In the present study, for the first time we compared the commonly used crown foundation materials and luting agents, especially with CAD-CAM metal crown, as the use of digital dentistry is increasing day by day and it should be assessed thoroughly to obtain a better understanding."

sparser
"Long-term effect of gastric juice alternating with brushing on the surface roughness, topography, and staining susceptibility of CAD-CAM monolithic materials."

sparser
"The literature is deficient with studies, comparing microleakage under various crown foundation materials and luting agents, especially with CAD-CAM (computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing) metal crowns."

sparser
"The present study was novel in itself, as for the first time, any study compared the said combinations with luted CAD-CAM milled crowns."

sparser
"The CAD-CAM milled group was comparatively superior in color stability to the conventional acrylic resin materials."

sparser
"This study revealed that in the denture cleanser solution, the CAD-CAM milled group showed a lower color change compared to the 3D-printed and the heat polymerized PMMA group ( P  > ."

sparser
"The combination of advanced imaging, virtual planning, and CAD-CAM technology contributes to improved surgical outcomes in terms of oncologic margin control, functional restoration, and aesthetic results."

sparser
"The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare marginal fit after the fabrication of cobalt-chromium alloy copings, porcelain firing, and cementation of metal-ceramic restorations that were fabricated with computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) milling and direct metal laser sintering techniques."

sparser
"In the present study, the CAD-CAM milled metal crowns were used to cement over the restored tooth samples."

sparser
"After restoration, each sample was cemented with a CAD-CAM milled metal crown using two different luting agents—resin-reinforced glass ionomer cement and self-adhesive resin cements both in ideal and contaminated conditions."

sparser
"The composites and amalgam, both when used as crown foundation material and luted with use of technically advanced CAD-CAM metal crown with self-adhesive resin cement (in both ideal or contaminated condition), showed less microleakage than in resin-reinforced glass ionomer cement."

sparser
"Evaluation of the marginal and internal gaps of partially crystallized versus fully crystallized zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate CAD-CAM crowns: An in vitro comparison of the silicone replica technique, direct view, and 3-dimensional superimposition analysis."

sparser
"All specimens were embedded in acrylic resin and divided into 2 groups according to CAD-CAM milling and direct metal laser sintering fabrication of the metal coping."

sparser
"Fifteen cobalt-chromium implant-supported metal copings were fabricated by using the CAD-CAM milling technique and 15 by using the direct metal laser sintering technique."

sparser
"The direct metal laser sintering coping group had a lower marginal gap value than the CAD-CAM milling coping group, although the difference was not statistically significant (P=."

sparser
"The crystallization process of lithium disilicate crowns has been reported to cause dimensional change, but whether the fit of chairside computer-aided design and computer-aided manufactured (CAD-CAM) zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate crowns is affected is unclear."

sparser
"CAD-CAM crown fabrication assures an instantaneous feedback related to the quality of the preparation through the digitalised procedure of scanning and digital designing by software program [ xref ]."

sparser
"Previous studies have shown that CAD-CAM crowns exhibit superior dimensional stability and marginal adaptation than conventional crowns regardless of the luting cement used [ xref ]."

sparser
"The metal crowns were prepared by CAD-CAM procedure so as to avoid errors and variation due to manual techniques involved."

sparser
"In the present study, composites and amalgam both showed less microleakage, when used as crown foundation material with self-adhesive resin cement (in both ideal-RGr-1,3 or contaminated-RGr-2,4) than in resin reinforced glass ionomer cement in tooth samples luted with CAD-CAM metal crown."

sparser
"Information comparing the marginal and internal adaptation of single metal copings fabricated via computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) milling and lost-wax casting is insufficient."

sparser
"The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the adaptation of single metal copings fabricated via CAD-CAM milling to that of copings fabricated via lost-wax casting and to identify factors that influenced their accuracy."

sparser
"CT and MRI with high resolution and contrast usually work collaboratively with computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) toolbox and mathematical modeling to collect the tomographic and architectural information on 3D cellular, tissue, organ, and organism structure and function."

sparser
"The data on the mean absolute marginal gap, marginal gap, axial gap, occlusal gap, and internal gap values of single metal copings fabricated via CAD-CAM milling and lost-wax casting were extracted, and meta-analysis and meta-regression were used with R software (α=."

sparser
"When CAD-CAM milling was used to fabricate single metal copings, no advantage in precision was found compared with lost-wax casting, and single metal copings cast from handmade conventional wax patterns had better marginal adaptation than those fabricated via CAD-CAM milling."

sparser
"For the single metal copings, lost-wax casting and CAD-CAM milling led to similar marginal and internal accuracies, but lost-wax casting led to better absolute marginal gap values."

sparser
"However, there is no established protocol to enhance bond strength between autopolymerizing resin and computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) denture base materials."

sparser
"Hence digital dentistry is not confined to CAD-CAM technology but pursues into accurate patient evaluation, precise opinion formulation, devising an ideal treatment plan, and continuous assessment in combination with speculated timely follow-up."

sparser
"Subsequently, the resulting models were digitized, and a digital complete denture was designed and manufactured in an expedited manner using CAD-CAM techniques."

sparser
"With the advent of contemporary data acquisition and imaging technologies, these advanced surgical procedures can be planned completely digitally [ xref , xref ], and complete arch prostheses can be fabricated from start to finish using modern computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) workflows [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"At present, only a few studies have evaluated the surface characteristics of the CAD-CAM denture base resins available on the market."

sparser
"CAD-CAM technology permits the expedition of the design and manufacture of complex dental prostheses while minimizing the extent of manual labor involved [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"This case report presents the successful rehabilitation of a patient with severely resorbed maxillary and mandibular ridges with a combination of removable and fixed complete dentures designed and fabricated using a combination of analog techniques and CAD-CAM technology."

sparser
"The purpose of this study was to determine shear bond strength of CAD-CAM denture bases and autopolymerizing acrylic resin after mechanical and chemical surface treatments compared with heat-polymerized acrylic resin."

sparser
"For all intervention facial prostheses, the CAD-CAM processes will be completed by the same clinician based at the University of Leeds."

sparser
"Resin-ceramic polymer-based materials and resin nanoceramics were presented as substitutes for machinable blocks in CAD-CAM systems [ xref ]."

sparser
"In conclusion, mechanical surface treatment using APA enhances the adhesion of autopolymerizing acrylic resin to heat-polymerized and CAD-CAM denture bases."

sparser
"However, despite these limitations, the present clinical report can be used as a reference in similar clinical situations or as a reference for the development of alternative treatment protocols by adapting the CAD-CAM or analog procedures involved in the protocol."

sparser
"In recent decades, the use of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology has become more popular in fabricating removable dental prostheses xref ."

sparser
"A method of fabricating a stackable CAD-CAM custom record tray for complete dentures is introduced."

sparser
"A combination of analog and CAD-CAM techniques were used to attain precision in the final milled maxillary and mandibular prostheses in an uncomplicated fashion and with a reduced number of appointments."

sparser
"Two principal CAD-CAM techniques utilized in denture manufacturing are subtractive (milling) and additive (3D-printing) techniques xref ."

sparser
"Compared with conventional heat-polymerized denture processing, CAD-CAM dentures offer advantages, including efficient data storage, simplified teeth arrangement, the capability for precise duplication and reproduction, and the elimination of complications associated with conventional heat-polymerization techniques xref – xref ."

sparser
"Recently, the bond strength between CAD-CAM denture base materials and autopolymerizing resin has been evaluated xref – xref , xref , xref ."

sparser
"Digital complete denture fabrication has advanced with the integration of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM), intraoral scanning, and 3-dimensional printing."

sparser
"After chemical surface treatment with tetrahydrofuran and Vitacoll, greater microporosities were observed for heat-polymerized, whereas CAD-CAM denture bases illustrated a similar surface topography to that of control."

sparser
"Mechanical surface treatment using airborne-particle abrasion led to the highest shear bond strength for the conventional heat-polymerized and CAD-CAM denture base materials."

sparser
"Airborne-particle abrasion is suggested for heat-polymerized and CAD-CAM denture bases to increase surface roughness and facilitate micromechanical interlocking."

sparser
"No apparent difference in surface topography was observed in the control group within the heat- polymerized and CAD-CAM denture base materials."

sparser
"De Mendonca et al. compared the mechanical properties of four CAD-CAM materials used in the fabrication of monolithic restorations: LD, ZLD, hybrid high-performance polymer composite resin (HPP), and hybrid polymer-infiltrated ceramic network material (PINC)."

sparser
"Another study by Elsaka and Elnaghy compared the mechanical properties of two CAD-CAM ceramics: IPS e.max CAD and Vita Suprinity."

sparser
"Additionally, the absence of reference points in edentulous jaws interferes with calibrating the patient’s data on the CAD-CAM software [ xref ]."

sparser
"In general, finishing and polishing processes are applied for restorations produced with ceramics and CAD-CAM systems; there are two types: mechanical polishing and glaze application."

sparser
"The selected studies were organized considering the following information: authors, year of publication, type of study, number of patients, mean age, CAD-CAM software, implant brand utilized and follow-up ( xref )."

sparser
"The integration of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacture (CAD-CAM) technology has revolutionized restorative dentistry, offering both additive and subtractive manufacturing methods."

sparser
"Influence of the CAD-CAM Systems on the Marginal Accuracy and Mechanical Properties of Dental Restorations."

sparser
"Elution of Monomers From CAD-CAM Materials and Conventional Resin Composite in Distilled Water and Artificial Saliva."

sparser
"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the leaching pattern of different types of polymer computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) materials with a conventional resin composite."

sparser
"In the milling process, CAD-based models with a particular space setting were subdivided into four groups (n = 10) and fabricated from different CAD-CAM materials: Vita Suprinity (VS), Celtra Duo (CD), Lava Ultimate (LU), and Grandio blocs (GR)."

sparser
"Specimens of three representatives by type of polymer CAD-CAM blocks and one conventional resin composite were suspended using a silk thread in distilled water and artificial saliva."

sparser
"Different types of polymer CAD-CAM materials release minimal or no monomers compared to the conventional resin composite material."

sparser
"The methods of fabrication of polymer CAD-CAM materials produces better properties than the conventional resin composite with a dramatic decrease of monomer elution."

sparser
"Digital technologies, including intraoral scanning and CAD-CAM, enhanced precision and patient comfort."

sparser
"The integration of digital dentistry and CAD-CAM technology significantly improved patient comfort and treatment efficiency."

sparser
"CAD-CAM technology further enhanced prosthetic accuracy and workflow efficiency, ensuring precise reproduction of the validated prosthetic design."

sparser
"Twenty computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) monolithic zirconia specimens and 20 pressed lithium disilicate specimens were fabricated."

sparser
"Mandibular two-implant overdentures with CAD-CAM milled bars with distal extensions or retentive anchors: a randomized controlled trial."

sparser
"Nevertheless, recent evidence points out that conventional manufacturing techniques could still be considered as effective and reliable for the fabrication of precise prostheses as CAD-CAM technologies [ xref ], delivering marginal discrepancies bellow 120 μm, which is a clinically acceptable threshold."

sparser
"Effect of multiple firings on surface roughness and flexural strength of CAD-CAM ceramics."

sparser
"Interim restorations represent an essential clinical treatment step; however, limited information is available concerning the performance of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) interim materials."

sparser
"The effect of annual at-home bleaching on the color, translucency, and whiteness properties of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) monolithic materials requires investigation."

sparser
"In the case of restorations with implant support, a recent study conducted in Germany showed that most dentists preferred the use of ceramic materials in the case of crowns with implant support, metal or resin materials being mentioned by only a few respondents, even if modern CAD-CAM processing technologies were used [ xref ]."

sparser
"There has been increasing interest in the use of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technologies for facial prosthesis manufacture in recent years [ xref ]."

sparser
"The aim of the present in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of simulated annual at-home bleaching (consisting of daily applications for 10 hours a day for 14 days), for up to 3 years, on susceptibility to staining (ΔE00), translucency (ΔTP00), and whiteness (ΔWID) variations and on topography of CAD-CAM monolithic materials."

sparser
"The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the Ra changes of different CAD-CAM materials with different compositions, which were applied two different surface treatments, after exposure to acidic pH."

sparser
"The use of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) devices in today’s dentistry is becoming more and more common clinically."

sparser
"CAD-CAM systems have developed very rapidly, and this development has also led to an increase in material diversity."

sparser
"To report up to 9-year results of a prospective and retrospective study on non-invasive full-mouth rehabilitation of worn dentition with PICN CAD-CAM restorations using the One-Step No-Prep technique."

sparser
"Finishing and polishing of ceramic restorations containing CAD-CAM resin can be performed in one session with mechanical polishing without the need for glazing [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"CAD-CAM complete denture resins: effect of relining on the shear bond strength: Relining of CAD-CAM denture resins."

sparser
"Fabrication of single implant crowns (SICs) and fixed dental prostheses from data obtained by IOSs has proven to be a reliable option. xref xref However, several factors can affect the accuracy of intraoral scanning of implants regarding surface data and implant position, xref xref xref and determine, alongside with computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) software characteristics, xref the maximum achievable degree of exactness of the latter restoration on part of the underlying data."

sparser
"The testing model was laser sintered from Co-Cr alloy, which has proven to be the most appropriate material for testing models in CAD-CAM studies, to ensure reliable testing. xref Specimen preparation was conducted strictly in accordance with manufacturers' specifications, complying with the clinical workflow, whenever applicable."

sparser
"When inserting CAD-CAM fabricated 2-piece implant crowns in-vivo , Joda et al. required 2.2 minutes xref and 3.3 minutes xref for modifications respectively."

sparser
"The authors also assessed the quality of outcomes, i.e., the presence or absence of occlusal and interproximal contacts, and, in contrast to the present outcomes, found no differences. xref This fact might be, for instance, due to different CAD-CAM parameter settings."

sparser
"There are studies regarding the marginal adaptation of conventional and CAD-CAM denture bases, but there is not enough research comparing the marginal adaptation and polymerisation shrinkage of conventional and 3D printed complete denture bases."

sparser
"Influence of CAD-CAM manufacturing methods on the accuracy and mechanical properties of implant-supported prostheses: A systematic review."

sparser
"Recently, the utilization of digital softwares, via scanners, virtual simulators, and computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD-CAM) software has become increasingly prevalent."

sparser
"A method of fabricating a stackable CAD-CAM custom record tray for complete dentures."

sparser
"To assess the effect of CAD-CAM technique (monolithic, CAD-on, or CAD-on cemented) and thermomechanical fatigue on the marginal discrepancy and fracture load of ceramic crowns."

sparser
"Monolithic crown group had the lowest marginal discrepancy after thermomechanical fatigue (P<0.001), and the highest fracture load (P<0.001) CONCLUSIONS: Fabrication technique affected the marginal fit and fracture load of CAD-CAM crowns after thermomechanical fatigue."

sparser
"In further research, we aim to explore the orbital volume in relation to the technologies in the automated segmentation of CT and the computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM)."

sparser
"Also, it suggests further research to improve the adhesion milling Lava™ Ultimate by the action of the diamond burs because this process increased the roughness of all CAD-CAM ceramic and composite resin blocks [ xref ], therefore, better performance of this interface could be expected in a real clinical situation."

sparser
"The evolution in the perception of esthetic appearance and advancements in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology in dentistry has led to a substantial increase in the development of esthetic materials suitable for CAD-CAM processing xref ."

sparser
"To prepare the teeth, the CAD-CAM technology has been used since it provides standard preparation of all teeth for in vitro tests and provides a reproducible tool that can be used in experiments to facilitate comparisons and minimize bias arising from differences in the processing of samples [ xref ]."
| PMC

sparser
"This study aimed to evaluate the effect of virtual cement space and restorative materials on the fit of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) endocrowns."

sparser
"A total of 20 crowns were fabricated by DLP and CAD-CAM technology."

sparser
"Knowledge on the effect of multiple firings on surface roughness and the flexural strength of different types of monolithic computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) ceramics is limited."

sparser
"The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of multiple firings on the surface roughness and flexural strength of 4 different CAD-CAM ceramics after thermocycling."

sparser
"Four different CAD-CAM ceramics (Lava All Zirconia 3-mol yttria tetragonal zirconia polycrystal [3-YTZP] [Z], VITA SUPRINITY [S], IPS e.max CAD [EX], IPS Empress CAD [E]) (n=33) were wet-sectioned to form rectangular 18×4×1.2-mm specimens."

sparser
"CAD-CAM ceramic type affected the surface roughness and flexural strength values."

sparser
"In 2014, Boitelle et al. performed an exhaustive review of the marginal fit attained by several CAD-CAM technologies used for tooth-supported prostheses which concluded that CAD-CAM provided a better fit (usually < 80 μm) than conventional methods (usually > 100 μm) [ xref ]."

sparser
"Polymer-infiltrated ceramic and direct resin composite specimens brushed with abrasive regular or whitening dentifrice resulted in more intense staining than the CAD-CAM resin composites."

sparser
"New instruments such as intraoral scanners and CAD-CAM technologies have improved the clinical phase of treatment, such as through the intraoperative performance of a crown or inlay [ xref ]."

sparser
"The setting of the cement space and restorative material significantly affected the marginal adaptation of CAD-CAM endocrown restorations."

sparser
"More specifically, reduced swelling-related deformations resulting in a superior CAD-CAM mimicry were obtained for the RCPhC1-NB/SH hydrogels."

sparser
"Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) dentistry has been widely applied to enhance the effectiveness and accuracy of treatment procedures and outcomes."

sparser
"In a systematic review, CAD-CAM endocrowns obtained clinical success rates ranging from 94 to 100% [ xref ]."

sparser
"Background and Objectives: Advances in dental materials and CAD-CAM technology have expanded crown options in primary teeth due to their improved appearance and mechanical properties."

sparser
"This narrative analysis clarifies the critical roles of the CAD-CAM and DMLS frameworks in implant-supported hybrid dentures."

sparser
"This study evaluated the marginal and internal fit of CAD-CAM endocrowns fabricated using four materials (VS, CD, LU, and GR) and three CS settings (30, 60, and 120 μm)."

sparser
"The CAD-CAM fabricated endocrown has shown significant advantages in clinical practice, but some basic information still needs to be clarified through further investigations, including the optimal CS setting."

sparser
"The fixed prosthesis restoration was achieved using CAD-CAM technologies and 3D metal printing methods."

sparser
"Secondary caries and loss of retention, which are closely related to the dissolution of the luting cement and deficiencies in marginal and internal adaptation, were the main causes of failure in the long-term follow-up of CAD-CAM endocrowns [ xref ]."

sparser
"The use of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) in dentistry has advanced, utilizing either subtractive manufacturing with milling technology or additive manufacturing through three-dimensional (3D) printing [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"CAD-CAM systems have enabled the production of customized esthetic and functional crowns for pediatric patients."

sparser
"However, digital dentistry has become increasingly integrated into pediatric dental practices, with CAD-CAM systems allowing for highly accurate and personalized restorations [ xref ]."

sparser
"Therefore, it is essential to better understand the factors affecting the fit of CAD-CAM endocrowns."

sparser
"The CAD-CAM system setting allows the adjustment of different parameters, including the virtual cement space (CS), during the virtual 3-dimensional (3D) design of the restoration [ xref ]."

sparser
"However, many other materials can be used for pediatric crowns in CAD-CAM systems."

sparser
"Setting a certain CS width around the fabricated CAD-CAM restoration is important for proper adaptation between the restoration and the prepared abutments, and for a good distribution of the luting agents [ xref – xref ]."

sparser
"There is a need for further testing of pediatric crowns produced using various CAD-CAM materials and 3D-printing technologies under aging protocols with longer cycles."

sparser
"Studies have shown that the CS value significantly affects the marginal and internal fit of CAD-CAM crowns [ xref – xref ]."

sparser
"According to previous studies, variations in the setting values of CS around CAD-CAM endocrowns ranging from 40 to 120 μm yield different margins and internal adaptations [ xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"Therefore, a detailed study of how the CS setting affects the marginal and internal fit of CAD-CAM endocrowns is important."

sparser
"With improvements and innovations in CAD-CAM technology, various materials with different compositions and physical properties have become available as CAD-CAM materials [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"Therefore, this study aimed to combine the parameters of virtual CS and restorative materials and evaluate the fit of CAD-CAM endocrown restorations to determine the best combination."

sparser
"All measured margin gap values were within the clinically acceptable range for CAD-CAM restorations, except for group CS-30."

sparser
"The lowest CS value of the CAD-CAM crown was suggested to be set at 50 μm, of which 30 μm was for the space of cement and avoidance of friction, and the remaining 20 μm was for possible deterioration during production [ xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"Due to the variable elasticity modulus and milling properties, different CS designations may be preferred to improve CAD-CAM restoration fitness when utilizing different materials [ xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"This study focused on the influence of CS setting and restorative material factors on the adaptation of a CAD-CAM endocrown."

sparser
"A structured PICO analysis and a review of ten publications were used to compare titanium frameworks for hybrid dentures made through milling, DMLS, and CAD-CAM milling."

sparser
"A comprehensive search was performed up to December 2023 across PubMed, PubMed Central, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Google Scholar, using terms such as CAD-CAM, dental implantation, dental prosthesis, bone loss, damaged maxilla/mandible, implant framework, and bone volume."

sparser
"However, the fabrication of CAD-CAM surgical guides is time-consuming and involves several intricate steps."

sparser
"Numerous investigations have demonstrated the low marginal defects and excellent fit precision of CAD-CAM machined titanium frameworks [ xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"With the help of virtual planning and digital impressions, CAD-CAM produces digital precision that melds perfectly with the patient’s implants and dentition [ xref ]."

sparser
"The emphasis on precision and customization in CAD-CAM, particularly when working with titanium, highlights positive patient outcomes [ xref ]."

sparser
"A CAD-CAM subtype of titanium frames with laser welding also has an exceptional lifetime due to its inherent strength and precise fit [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"The CAD-CAM technique is also equally effective for producing removable partial dentures (RPDs) with a clinically acceptable fit."

sparser
"Further studies are required to understand the influence of clinical oral conditions and the diversity of the CAD-CAM system on the adaptation of endocrowns."

sparser
"Published literature demonstrated outstanding ten-year survival rates for CAD-CAM milled frameworks supporting implants in the edentulous jaw, highlighting the clinical prowess and stability attributable to exact fit and mechanical attributes [ xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"Therefore, the present narrative review aimed at evaluating and comparing CAD-CAM complete dentures (CDs) with conventionally fabricated CDs in terms of true compatibility, mechanical properties, surface characteristics, color stability, time-cost analysis, and clinical outcomes."

sparser
"This narrative review examines and contrasts the methods for creating titanium frameworks for hybrid denture prostheses using direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) and CAD-CAM milling."

sparser
"Conventional techniques such as flask-pack-pressing or injection molding are used for fabricating dentures, while CAD-CAM methods use additive or subtractive processes [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"Prioritizing patient needs, aesthetics, and clinical knowledge when deciding between CAD-CAM milled and DMLS titanium frameworks will ensure overall patient health and prosthesis success."

sparser
"It is very important to establish the effectiveness of CAD-CAM milled and DMLS titanium frameworks for hybrid denture prostheses."

sparser
"The development of DMLS and CAD-CAM technology has had a significant impact on the fit, mechanical characteristics, aesthetics, and clinical performance of titanium framework production for hybrid denture prostheses [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"Long-term clinical trials are surprisingly difficult, despite the ubiquitous usage of CAD-CAM technology for titanium hybrid bars [ xref ]."

sparser
"With the introduction of modern manufacturing technologies, particularly CAD-CAM and DMLS, hybrid prostheses in implant dentistry have undergone a significant transformation."

sparser
"The review found 10 papers that described the use and characteristics of CAD-CAM technology and DMLS frameworks for full-arch prostheses."

sparser
"The use of CAD-CAM technologies has led to widespread use in the field of dental implantology [ xref ]."

sparser
"The findings of this study provide important information to the clinician in the decision-making process of selecting the appropriate CAD-CAM method for fabricating CRDPs."

sparser
"CAD-CAM dental prosthesis systems utilize various materials, such as glass ceramics, polycrystalline ceramics, resin composites, and titanium [ xref ]."

sparser
"The aim of this study was to compare the shear bond strength of relined CAD-CAM complete removable dental prosthesis (CRDP) resins with conventional heat-polymerized polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) resin."

sparser
"In addition, a single-tooth model and one scanning and milling system during the design and fabrication of CAD-CAM endocrowns eliminate inconsistencies but overlook diversity in the real world [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"The findings of this study conclude that the shear bond strength of the 3D-printed resins used for fabricating CRDPs was inferior to the shear bond strength of resins employed for manufacturing CRDPs using CAD-CAM milling and conventional heat-polymerisation techniques."

sparser
"The in vitro investigation performed by Arnold et al. [ xref ] concentrated on CAD-CAM accuracy for detachable partial dentures."

sparser
"xref and xref summarize the key findings from a few studies using CAD-CAM and DMLS techniques for hybrid prostheses, providing insight into the accuracy and usefulness of computer-aided design and manufacture in prosthodontics."

sparser
"Arnold et al. evaluated digitally manufactured removable partial dentures focused on precision measures using CAD-CAM [ xref ]."

sparser
"These studies highlight the growing importance of CAD-CAM in prosthetic dentistry, suggesting improved precision and longevity. xref summarizes perspectives from CAD-CAM research on long-term prosthetic dental assessment."

sparser
"Casting was the method that was used, and the advancement of CAD-CAM in dentistry means it is now possible to create prostheses with greater accuracy, homogeneity, and cost-effectiveness [ xref , xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"The choice between CAD-CAM and DMLS technologies is a crucial decision in the world of hybrid prostheses."

sparser
"With its accuracy and widespread application, CAD-CAM has produced noteworthy CSR outcomes, but it also presents with veneer fractures over time [ xref , xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"CAD-CAM systems have demonstrated clinical efficacy, characterized by reduced complication rates and elevated patient satisfaction."

sparser
"These findings highlight the importance of evaluating prosthetic complexity and patient-specific attributes when selecting the optimal manufacturing method, be it CAD-CAM or DMLS, to achieve superior outcomes in hybrid prostheses."

sparser
"Consequently, the decision between CAD-CAM and DMLS technologies for hybrid prostheses is intricate and contingent upon various variables, including the prosthesis’s complexity and patient-specific considerations [ xref , xref , xref , xref , xref ]."

sparser
"Most of the existing reports that aim to design an abutment for an implant to be placed using exclusively digital means share a common limitation, which is the need for impeccable knowledge of the CADCAM software programs and the learning curve for the 3D‐printing protocols [ xref ]."

sparser
"Wear of monolithic zirconia against different CAD-CAM and indirect restorative materials."

sparser
"The choice to include both polymer-infiltrated ceramic networks (PICN) and resin composite blocks was deliberate to represent the full spectrum of CAD-CAM composite materials."

sparser
"Fracture resistance and fracture modes in endodontically treated maxillary premolars restored using different CAD-CAM onlays."

sparser
"The introduction of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology in dentistry has replaced the conventional workflows, including framework casting, and has also reduced casting errors and complications [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the marginal and internal fit of 10-unit FDPs fabricated from cobalt chromium or zirconia by using digital scanning and computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM)."