
IndraLab
Statements
reach
"Clemmons et al. have shown that, under normoglycemic conditions, stimulation of the IGF-IR expressed on vascular smooth muscle cells and vascular endothelial cells only activates IRS-1 leading to stimulation of the " metabolic " (phosphoinositide 3) PI-3 kinase pathway, but not to stimulation of the " mitogenic " (mitogen activated protein) MAP kinase pathway."
sparser
"This review discusses recently published data regarding the ability of hyperglycemia to sensitize cells that are capable of dedifferentiating to the growth promoting effects of IGF-I. Under normoglycemic conditions vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells are cystostatic and stimulation of the IGF-I receptor activates the adaptor protein IRS-1 which leads to PI-3 kinase pathway activation."
sparser
"Another study from the same group [ xref ] established that phosphorylation of AKT on Thr308 and Ser473 increases following treatment of ALL cells with AICAR and demonstrated that AKT phosphorylation on Thr 308 is mediated by AMPK-induced IGF-1R activation and phosphorylation of IRS-1."
"We have studied the effect of double tyrosine mutations on IGF-I induced receptor autophosphorylation, activation of Shc and IRS-1 pathways, and cell proliferation and tumorigenicity. Substitution of tyrosines 1131/1135 blocks any detectable autophosphorylation, whereas substitution of tyrosines 1131/1136 or 1135/1136 only reduces autophosphorylation levels in some clones by approximately 50%. Nevertheless, all the cells expressing IGF-I receptors with double tyrosine substitutions demonstrated markedly reduced signaling through Shc and IRS-1 pathways. "