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"Our immunohistochemical analysis of NNK induced PAC in hamsters demonstrates the simultaneous over-expression of a beta2-adrenergic receptor pathway, including PKA, cAMP, CREB and phosphorylated CREB and of an EGFR pathway, including over-expression of EGFR specific phosphorylated tyrosine kinase, Raf-1 and ERK1/2 and their phosphorylated forms."
"Treatment of cells with a specific E-cadherin neutralizing antibodies SHE 78-7 (5 microg/ml) or HECD-1 resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the phosphorylation levels of MEK and Raf which was induced by E-cadherin-mediated cell adhesion in the presence of calcium. It was also proved that the activation of MEK and MAPK takes place in a EGFR-dependent manner. These results indicate that cell adhesion through E-cadherin results in the activation of Raf/MEK/MAPK pathway."