IndraLab

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"Filipin staining demonstrated that DC661 or HCQ treatments significantly increased cholesterol in the plasma membrane and lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 positive (LAMP-1 ) lysosomes (Figure 1G)."
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"HCQ significantly lowered the values of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelets, leucocytes, and lymphocytes but significantly increased the values of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), amylase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, cholesterol, and chlorine ions."
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"However, hydroxychloroquine, one of two tested s-Et 3 N drugs at a cytostatic concentration (50 muM), increased total and free cholesterol over 48 h; procainamide (2.5 mM) was inactive in this respect[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
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"The present study is the first to demonstrate that HCQ promoted a higher transfer of unesterified cholesterol which may account for the increased HDL levels in lupus patients under HCQ."
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"This is due to the hydrolysis of internalized cholesterol esters mediated by the lysosomotropic action of HCQ, which stimulates LDL‐receptors and the expression of related genes."
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"Improvement of serum cholesterol in patients treated with hydroxychloroquine has been reported."
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"Continuous HCQ treatment significantly decreases intracellular pH and significantly enhanced cholesterol uptake in mature osteoclasts along with increased expression of the lowdensity lipoprotein receptor."
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"We also showed that HCQ decreases the intracellular pH in mature osteoclasts and stimulates cholesterol uptake, suggesting that HCQ induces osteoclastic lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) leading to decreased resorption without changes in apoptosis."
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"Hydroxychloroquine increased cholesterol transfer to high-density lipoprotein in systemic lupus erythematosus: A possible mechanism for the reversal of atherosclerosis in the disease."
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"As HCQ up-regulates the cholesterol synthesis pathway, we have been suggested that SIM (a cholesterol synthesis inhibitor) would antagonize the inhibitory effects of HCQ on osteoblast differentiation and mineralization."
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"A study of HCQ in 19 premenopausal female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus found that the drug increased transfer of unesterified cholesterol to HDL, which would indicate improved HDL function with HCQ [47]."
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"In addition, in one study HCQ has also increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (HDL-c) and reduced serum triglyceride concentrations [1]."
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"In contrast to remdesivir, HCQ robustly upregulates cholesterol metabolism, autophagy, and starvation pathways and decreases rRNA and tRNA production across all cell lines (XREF_SUPPLEMENTARY), consistent with the known HCQ mechanism of impairment of endosome to lysosome processing XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR and suggesting that RNA-seq analysis highlights specific drug response pathways."
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"145 As well, a systematic review and meta‐analysis showed that hydroxychloroquine substantially reduces cardiac mortality and also decreases thrombosis, arrhythmia, and cholesterol in treated patients in recent peer‐reviewed studies and meeting presentations."
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