IndraLab

Statements

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"Hydroxychloroquine can increase the endosomal pH, inhibit the toll like receptor activity and interfere with the terminal glycosylation of ACE-2 [XREF_BIBR]."
32591970
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"It is proposed that by inhibiting autophagy, HCQ reduces cytokine release, limits plasma membrane recycling of co-stimulatory molecules, and decreases toll-like receptor activation (Schrezenmeier and Dörner, 2020)."
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"HCQ inhibits toll like receptor signaling (which plays a critical role in the immune response), and it is prescribed for pregnancies involving a high risk of CAVB."
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"In vivo studies on a NZB/W F1 murine model of lupus showed that HCQ in combination with PRD (2.5 mg/kg/day and 1 mg/kg/day p.o.) decreased autoantibody production, as well as being able to inhibit toll like receptor activation, resulting in the down-regulation of type I interferon (IFN-alpha) which is deeply implicated in lupus pathogenesis."
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"Hydroxychloroquine inhibits toll like receptor signaling and exerts antithrombotic and antihyperlipidemic effects, all thought to be beneficial in systemic lupus erythematosus."
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"More recently, hydroxychloroquine has been demonstrated to inhibit endosomal toll-like receptor (TLR) activation by binding to nucleic acids, and thereby masking the TLR binding site."
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"Hydroxychloroquine increases lysosomal pH in antigen presenting cells and decreases toll like receptor signaling, features that make it an attractive drug for chronic inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis."
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"HCQ functions by downregulating toll-like receptor activity, thereby reducing the innate immune response [3]."
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"Hydroxychloroquine has been shown to inhibit toll like receptor pathways, thus dampening antigen presenting cells from activating inflammatory processes (6)."
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"Reduced cytokine production may occur due to HCQ inhibition of toll-like receptor pathways."
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"Hydroxychloroquine, by influencing lysosomal activity, autophagy, membrane stability, signaling pathways, and transcriptional activity, reduces toll-like receptor signaling and cytokine production [108]."
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"Hydroxychloroquine is thought to work in part by increasing lysosomal pH in antigen presenting cells, reducing toll like receptor signaling resulting in decreased activation of dendritic cells and through the reduction of interferon production, amongst other mechanisms."
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"Leflunomide inhibits pyrimidine synthesis, thus reducing lymphocyte proliferation [13], whilst hydroxychloroquine reduces immune responses [14] by inhibiting the toll-like receptor signalling [15]."
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