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TGFB1 activates SMAD3. 381 / 442
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"Inhibition of JNK1 activation prevents TGF-β1-induced Smad3 activation and nuclear translocation ( xref )."
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"The activation of smad3 by TGF-beta1 was closely associated with the induction of FN, MMP-2, and MMP-9 expression."
26637807
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"It has been reported recently that TGFβ1-activated transcription factors Smad3 and Smad4 specifically interact with HNF4α and inhibit HNF4α trans -activating activity [ xref , xref ]."
19239393
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"Neither transfection of a Kindlin-2 mutant incapable of binding to β1 integrin nor knockdown of β1 integrin influenced the effect of Kindlin-2 on TGF-β1-induced Smad3 activation, indicating that this effect is independent of integrin."
23723426
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"These results suggest that Ras-activated JMJD3 enhances TGF-β1-induced Smad2 and Smad3 activation through induction of syntenin expression."
33637682
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"In the present study, we examined the impact of inducing dominant-negative JNK1 expression on the TGF-β1–induced Smad3 activation and EMT in RPMCs, and determined the effect of inducing mutant Smad3 expression on the TGF-β1-induced JNK activation in RPMCs."
22384127
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"TGF-beta1 induces EMT in a Smad3 dependent manner in primary AECs."
19406982
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"After SK-N-SH cells were transfected with Smad2 and Smad3 plasmid and treated with TGF-beta1 for 72 h, western blot analysis showed that the protein expression levels of Smad2 and Smad3 were significantly higher in the transfection group (t = 19.11, P = 0.0027; t = 20.41, P = 0.0024) (XREF_FIG)."
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"TGF-β1-induced activation of SMAD3 increased α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen levels."
34002012
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"In the canonical TGF-β signaling pathway, activation of Smad3 by TGF-β1 is a multistep process involving its phosphorylation in the COOH-terminal SSXS motif, complex formation with Smad4, and translocation into the nucleus xref ."
26297431
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"These results suggest that TGFβ1-activated Smad3 may recruit HDAC activity to deacetylate histones in CYP7A1 chromatin and result in inhibiting CYP7A1 gene expression."
17920062
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"As for BMPs, BMP pathway specific Smads are essential to induce astrocyte differentiation, because TGF-beta1, which activates TGF-beta pathway specific Smads, Smad2 and Smad3, is incapable of inducing[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
11165238
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"As reported, Smad3 was an important regulator of TGF-β1 signaling pathway [ xref ] and could be activated by TGF-β1 to regulate various cellular functions [ xref ]."
32065213
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"A549 cells transfected with pcDNA3.1, flag-SMAD3, or flag-SMAD3-mu, after serum starvation, were treated with or without TGF-beta1 (20 ng/mL) for 24 h, and the overexpression of wild-type SMAD3 and dominant negative SMAD3-mu mutant were confirmed by Western blotting."
23996749
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"Altogether, these results suggest that TGFβ1-activated Smad3 recruits HDAC2, thereby making a Smad3–HDAC2 protein complex that translocates to the cell nucleus to inhibit both NF-κB activity and expression of its downstream target genes, including MUC5AC ( xref )."
33510050
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"It was also found that the phosphorylation level of Smad3 was slightly higher than that of Smad2 after treated with TGF-beta 1 for 0.5 to 2 h, whereas the phosphorylation level of Smad3 was slightly lower than that of Smad2 after treatment with TGF-beta 1 for 6 h (XREF_FIG and XREF_FIG), which suggested that Smad2 and Smad3 may play different roles when transmitting TGF-beta 1 signals in cells."
25049567
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"TGF-beta1, which activates SMAD-3, was induced in RAW264.7 cells, BMM, and SPM by TMEV."
18802055
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"The mechanistic study revealed that it promotes BRCA cell proliferation, migration and invasion through TGF-β1-induced SMAD3 and JNK activation in vitro, JNK (SP600125) or SMAD3 (SIS3) inhibitor can remove the promotion of CHPF upon cell proliferation, migration and invasion in MDA-MB-231 cells, which is derived from triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)."
36042157
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"In particular, it is shown that ligand-induced activation of SMAD3 by the protein complex activin and TGF β leads to a direct inhibition of STAT5 transactivation [ xref ]."
33939702
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"Traf6-/- MEFs showed much stronger induction of pSmad3 by TGF-beta1 treatment than that of Traf6 +/+ MEFs, which is consistent with previous results (XREF_FIG)."
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"Western blot analysis also showed that the protein expression of the transcription factor Gli2 did not significantly differ after SK-N-SH cells were transfected with Smad2 and Smad3 plasmid or SiRNA Smad2/3 and treated with TGF-beta1 for 72 h (F = 1.643, P = 0.3297; t = 2.614, P = 0.0602) (XREF_FIG), indicating that the increase in Gli2 expression after treatment with TGF-beta1 was not related to Smad2 or Smad3 overexpression or knockdown."
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"TGF-beta1 stimulus also promoted the nuclear protein complexes of phospho-SMAD3 and MUC1-CT and act-beta-catenin and MUC1-CT in primary lung fibroblast from IPF patients, as showed by immunoprecipitation (XREF_FIG - XREF_FIG) and con-focal immunofluorescence (XREF_FIG, XREF_FIG)."
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"Significantly, activation of the IGF-1R interferes with TGF-β1 activation of Smad3 thereby blocking TGF-β-mediated apoptosis in prostate epithelial cells [ xref ]."
19896548
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"24 As expected, TGF-beta1 treatment of NRK52E cells significantly enhanced SMAD3 activity in control transfected cells; however, SMAD3 reporter activity was markedly repressed in let-7b-transfected ce[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
24088962
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"While the conditioned medium of TGFbeta1 induced culture weakly activated SMAD3 and SMAD1/5, the medium from the TGFbeta1 and BMP7 induced culture more robustly activated both of the SMAD signaling molecules (XREF_FIG)."
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"Given that SKIP depletion decreased Smad3 activation [XREF_BIBR], and that we have previously reported Smad3 as essential for TGF-beta1-induced uPA in transformed cells [XREF_BIBR], we can speculate that the reduction of Smad3 activation by TGF-beta1 may inverse the cell response to the growth factor, while in basal conditions the effect of SKIP on uPA expression may be independent of Smad3 signalling."
23766912
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"We showed that the human GPx1 gene was regulated by TGFbeta1 mediated Smad3 and TAK1 and cJUN pathways in fibroblasts."
28102840
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"Chronic TGF-beta1 Signaling in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Induces Sustained Canonical Smad3 Pathways in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells."
31259625
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"SIS3 (an inhibitor of Smad3) suppressed TGF-β1-induced activation of Smad3, upregulation of Snail and the EMT process."
24573038
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"To determine whether this downregulation of IDH1 is dependent on canonical TGF-beta signalling, fibroblasts depleted of Smad2, Smad3 or Smad4 were treated with or without TGF-beta1."
29137396
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"Our results demonstrated that TGFbeta1 mediated induction of Smad3, Smad7, and ERK1/2 was involved in this tight regulation of its fibrosis signals in cholestatic liver fibrosis."
22471627
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"However, TGF-β1-activated Smad3 interacted with Arkadia, inducing the degradation of SnoN and enhancing biological effects of p-smad3 ( xref , xref , xref )."
28765970
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"Based on the identification of downstream events of TGF-beta signaling transduction over the past several years, TGF-beta1 has been shown to activate Smad2 and Smad3, which are negatively regulated by Smad7, an inhibitor of TGF-beta signaling, through the ubiquitin-proteasome degradation mechanism [XREF_BIBR]."
28171717
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"Smad2 and Smad3 are mainly activated by TGF- β and the activin receptors T β RI and ActRIB, while Smad1, Smad5, and Smad8 are primarily activated by ALK-1, ALK-2, BMP-RIA/ALK-3, BMP-RIB/ALK-6, and other ligands."
34660794
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"However, TGF-beta1 did not induce DRAK2 promoter activity in Smad3 deficient IMECs."
23122956
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"The protein expression levels of Smad2 or Smad3 were not significant differed between cells treated with TGF-beta1."
28432277
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"Upon activation by TGF-beta1, Smad2 and Smad3 are activated by C-terminal receptor mediated phosphorylation and oligomerized with Smad4 to form a complex, which preferentially relocates into the nucleus."
33732314
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"We demonstrated that co-treatment with TGF-beta1 and CXCL9 led to a decrease in phosphorylated Smad2 and Smad3 compared to cells treated with TGF-beta1 alone."
26268659
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"The importance of these genes that are highly expressed in hORMDL3 zp3-Cre mice to airway remodeling and asthma is suggested from studies demonstrating expression of these pathways in the airways of human asthmatics, induction of these mediators by allergen inhalation in asthmatics (TGF-beta1, MMP-9), and inhibition of asthma outcomes in mice deficient in these genes (ADAM-8, Smad3, MMP-9), or in mice treated with neutralizing antibodies (TGF-beta1)."
24623133
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"Our study presents the first evidence that ASTX inhibits TGFβ1-induced Smad3 activation, consequently repressing the expression of fibrogenic genes."
25450180
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"TGFβ1 activated p38 MAPK and SMAD3, but not p42/p44 MAPK in HLF cells."
26088859
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"Biochemically, dnSrc inhibition failed to block TGF-beta1 and ALK5-induced activation of Smad2 and Smad3, but partially inhibited transcriptional activation of TGF-beta and Smad-responsive reporter genes, and effectively blocked basal and TGF-beta1-induced activation of p38 MAPK."
21225226
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"The lack of TRPA1 in cultured ocular fibroblasts attenuated expression of TGF-beta1, interleukin-6, and alpha-smooth muscle actin, a myofibroblast the marker, but suppressed the activation of Smad3, p38 MAPK, ERK, and JNK."
25068659
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"Indeed, this complex mode of TGFbeta1 induced Smad3 activation may stand in the basis of joint Smad3 and p65 activities in TNFalpha+ TGFbeta1 stimulated MSCs, when the Cox-2 response was induced."
28553282
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"TGF-beta 1 increased only Smad3 regulated luciferase signal (Ad5-CAGA 9 -MLP-Luc) by 9.3-fold."
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"TGF-beta1, which activates SMAD-3, was induced in RAW264.7 cells, BMM, and SPM by TMEV."
18802055
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"EMT has been described in the collecting duct where TGF- β induced activation of Smad3 and ERK1/2 leading to a mesenchymal morphology, increased vimentin and α -SMA, and a decrease in E-cadherin and β -catenin [ xref ]."
22500093
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"TGF-β1 activates Smad3 to contribute to fibrosis; whereas overexpression of Smad7 prevents renal fibrosis and inflammation in vitro and in vivo xref , xref , xref , xref ."
30159422
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"To prove whether BMP-2 inhibition promoted TGF-β1-mediated fibrotic signalling pathway, we examined TGF-β1-induced activation of PKC-δ and Smad3, two important signal molecules that induced myocardial fibrosis [ xref , xref ], after knocking down BMP-2 in cardiomyocytes."
22283839
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"Our findings suggested that IHQD suppressed the cholestatic liver fibrosis by inhibiting TGFβ1 signal-mediated activation of Smad3 and ERK1/2."
22471627
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"TGFbeta1 leads to Smad2- and Smad3 dependent expression of negative regulators of receptor mediated endocytosis, hence preventing reabsorption of important proteins like albumin (Gekle et al., 2003)."
22902304
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"TGF-β1-activated SMAD2 and SMAD3 bind to the common mediator SMAD4."
32152452
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"Our recent study has demonstrated that TGF-beta1 induces the JNK and Smad3 activation and EMT in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells (RPMCs) XREF_BIBR."
22384127
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"TGF-beta1 induces Smad3 dependent nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin in MSCs, which is required for the stimulation of MSC proliferation."
22608560
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"To investigate whether PML plays a role in Smad3 activation, wild type MEFs and PML -/- MEFs were treated with TGF-beta1 (1ng/ml) for the indicated time points."
24762191
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"To confirm a role for Smad3 in mediating TGFbeta1 induced increases in alphavbeta6 expression in vivo, Smad3 -/- and wild-type control mice were treated with adenoviral active TGFbeta1."
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"We thus determined whether phosphorylation of Smad3 in the linker region plays an important role in the suppressive effect of H 2 O 2 on the transcription activation potential of Smad3 stimulated by T[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
23685151
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"Using a luciferase reporter system specific for SMAD3 signal transduction (i.e., CAGA-box reporter), we confirmed that FMOD prolonged TGFbeta1 induced Smad3 signaling in RDFs in vitro (XREF_FIG)."
29201497
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"PCR primers for detecting the Smad3-RE were designed, and TGFbeta1 induced Smad3 binding to the MUC5AC promoter was assayed (XREF_FIG, upper diagram, open arrows)."
33510050
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"Our results demonstrate that in PDV cells, TGF-beta1 greatly induces the activation of both Smad2 and Smad3."
21798735
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"Given that TGFβ1-induced activation of Smad3 is also a key signaling event leading to EMT, this study also suggests that FAO depression may occur secondary or in parallel to EMT."
33041867
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"Furthermore, Nox4 silencing or inhibition eliminated TGF-β1-induced Smad3 activation and interaction between Nox4 and Smad3."
26945889
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"TGFbeta1 activated Smad3 directly binds to the MUC5AC promoter to control MUC5AC expression."
33510050
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"HSYA also suppressed TGF-beta1 activation of Smad signal transduction via inhibition of Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation, their nuclear translocation and the binding activity of Smad3 to type I collagen promoter in MRC-5 cells."
27457091
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"Either HG or TGF-beta1 alone can activate the Smad3 signaling pathway."
20828557
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"In addition to fundamental differences in the mechanism of Smad2 and Smad3 activation by TGF-β1, at least in PDAC cells, our study reveals that Rac1 may drive tumourigenesis in carcinoma cells with a still intact TGF-β/Smad pathway by favouring resistance to TGF-β1-mediated growth inhibition and by increasing TGF-β1-induced cell migration at the R-Smad epigenetic level."
21624123
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"These results suggested that TGF-beta1 treatment promoted poly (ADP-ribosy) lation of pSmad3 through activation of PARP1."
22073128
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"Then, these oxidatively transformed normal fibroblasts promoted the development of aggressive tumors via a TGFbeta1 mediated Smad3 signaling, suggesting an important relationship between the extracellular redox state and cancer aggressiveness [XREF_BIBR]."
28770020
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"The OCT and TGF-beta 1 treatment induced downregulation of pERK1/2 and pAkt, upregulation of pSmad3, and inhibition of cyclin D1."
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"We went on to show that Rac1 modulates TGF-β1-signalling in PDAC cells by suppressing and promoting, respectively, TGF-β1-induced activation of Smad3 and Smad2, eventually resulting in protection of PDAC cells from excessive growth inhibition by TGF-β1 and in enhanced cell migration (chemokinesis)."
21624123
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"We also found that TGF-beta1 treatment causes the nuclear accumulation of Smad3 in Mv1Lu-BLT1 cells without significant difference to that seen in control Mv1Lu-pcDNA3 cells."
26497676
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"As measured by real-time PCR on total kidney tissue, pTGF-beta1 overexpression increased the level of collagen alpha3 (IV) RNA in the Smad3 KO mice (* P = 0.007)."
24744860
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"TGF-beta1 increased Smad3 in the nucleus, while triptolide caused Smad3 to be localized only to the cytoplasm."
26451157
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"TGFβ1-induced SMAD3 activation was important for activating STAT6, which was critical for formation of the multi-protein complex of TGFβR1, EPRS, JAKs, and STAT3/6."
30524284
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"Moreover, UUO- or TGF-β1-induced activation of the pro-fibrotic factor SMAD family member 3 (Smad3) was markedly inhibited by celastrol."
29789558
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"This process, involving multiple regulatory elements including CArG boxes, SBE and TCE, responds to TGF-beta1 stimulation in a Smad3 dependent and Smad3 independent manner."
14654367
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"The failure of Smad3 to regulate the TGF-beta1-induced early JNK activation likely stems from the fact that TGF-beta1 induces the Smad3 peak activation at 30 minutes post treatment XREF_BIBR."
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"However, the addition of TGF-beta1 for 3 or 7 days induced transition of macrophages into collagen producing myofibroblasts as shown by de novo expression of alpha-SMA (CD68 + alpha-SMA +) and collagen I (CD68 + Col I +) in Smad3 +/+ bone marrow macrophages."
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"Remarkably, loss of TRIP-1 effects is not abrogated by blockage of TGFbeta1 ligand activation of the Smad3 pathway or by Smad3 knockdown."
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"[ 58 ] It has been reported that TGF-beta1 promotes Smad3 to induce fibrosis , whereas the overexpression of Smad7 inhibits fibrosis in the kidney ."
| PMC
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"Downstream TGF-beta1 signaling molecules Smad3, p38 and ERK1/2 were measured by Western blot analysis."
24291552
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"To further examine whether PDGF-C is involved in the inhibitory role of PAA on the Smad3 and MAPK signaling activation induced by TGF-beta1, the expression of proteins associated with the Smad3 and MAPK pathways were measured by western blotting in cells treated with or without TGF-beta1, PAA and PDGF-C."
33717232
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"Our previous study has shown that TGF-β1 activates SMAD3, but not SMAD2, in LGSC cells [ xref ]."
29156715
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"The TGF-beta1 and Smad3 (Transforming growth factor-beta1 / Smad3) pathway were significantly augmented in CC14 induced mice compared with normal control, whereas inhibitor of TGF-beta1 (SB431542) significantly attenuated liver fibrosis and TGF-beta1 and Smad3 activation."
29957876
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"Previous studies have shown that TGF-beta1 induces EMT by activating the TGF-beta1 and smad3 signalling pathway XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR."
23700468
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"In our study, we showed that BMP-2 could effectively inhibit the activation of PKC-delta and Smad3 induced by TGF-beta1, and we further demonstrated that BMP-2 inhibited the TGF-beta1-dependent signal transduction via Smurf-1-dependent Smad6 activation."
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"Transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) activates Smad3 signaling and contributes to HIF-1alpha stabilization under normoxic conditions."
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"Furthermore, we found that inhibition of the JNK1 activation dramatically reduced the TGF-β1-induced Smad3 activation and almost abolished Smad3 nuclear translocation in RPMCs."
22384127
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"Importantly, endogenous CCN1 potentiates TGF-β1-induced SMAD3 activation and induction of profibrotic genes, supporting a positive feedback loop leading to myofibroblast activation."
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"Mechanism study indicated that NLE markedly suppressed TGF-β1-induced Smad2 and Smad3 activation and nuclear translocation."
30599910
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"TGFbeta1 activated Smad3 binds to the MUC5AC promoter."
33510050
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"These results clearly demonstrate that inhibition of either p38 or ERK1/2 pathways resulted in decreased expression of MCP-1 in TGF-beta1-stimulated HK2 cells.We demonstrated that both the Smad3 and t[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
24291552
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"Thus, the results in KCOT stromal fibroblasts suggested that TGF-β1 activates Smad3 and exerts a biochemical effect."
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"Notably, Smad3 and Smad2 are differentially activated by TGFbeta1 in HSCs; in quiescent HSCs, TGFbeta1 receptor activation promotes Smad2 phosphorylation, whereas in transdifferentiated HSCs, it promotes Smad3 phosphorylation."
20890948
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"Thus, further studies have to unravel in more detail how Nrf2 suppresses TGF-beta1 mediated Smad3 and p38 activation and concomitantly enhance Erk signaling."
26915435
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"SREBP-1 is an important Smad3 coregulator, which can be activated by TGF-beta1; interacts with Smad3 and CBP after being acetylated; and is necessary for Smad3 mediated signaling."
32398108
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"TGF-beta1 is known to activate SMAD-2 and SMAD-3; however, the pro fibrotic effects of TGF-beta1 signaling have been largely attributed to SMAD-3 mediated signaling."
24899689
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"In conclusion, knockdown of miR-135a-5p inhibits TGFbeta1 induced renal fibrosis by targeting SIRT1 and inactivating Smad3 signaling, providing a novel insight into miR-135a-5p as a potential therapeutic approach for DN."
32705273
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"While TGFβ1 rapidly activated Smad3, the time course of Smad3 phosphorylation was similar in SAEC and LAEC ( xref )."
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"XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR Importantly, Smad3 translocation is transient -- cells treated with TGF-beta1 exhibit rapid nuclear localization, and removal of TGF-beta1 results in localization of Smad3 to the cytosol within minutes."
30062120
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"Pre-treatment with RBP2 siRNA in GC cell lines markedly retrieved Smad3 activation (formation of p-Smad3) induced by TGF-β1 in different time points (Figure xref )."
25974964
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"These findings suggested that in the combined TNFalpha+ TGFbeta1 stimulation each cytokine activated its respective canonical pathway -- TNFalpha activated p65 and TGFbeta1 activated Smad3 -- and that the functional cooperativity between TNFalpha+ TGFbeta1 was due to cooperative activities of p65 and Smad3."
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"The results demonstrated that the transcription of all three Smads increased in TGF-beta1-treated LX-2 cells; however, AdNDRG2 only attenuated the increase in Smad3 induced by TGF-beta1, while Smad2 and Smad7 showed no differences among compared groups (XREF_FIG)."
22110735
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"Using the ROS osteoblast like cells, we demonstrated that TGF-beta1 activates Smad2 and Smad3 at the conserved TGF-beta receptor phosphorylation motif (SSXS) and the nuclear accumulation of activated Smad2 and Smad3 occurs in a time dependent fashion."
20432467
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"Notably, our results show that when TGFβ1 and BMP7 are administered together, both the SMAD3-mediated and SMAD1/5-mediciated signaling pathways are activated whereas TGFβ1 alone only activated SMAD3."
27292615
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"Pharmacological activator of SIRT3 (hexafluoro) was sufficient to suppress the TGF-beta1 induced activation of SMAD-3 signaling and expression of the profibrotic gene program (Col1a1, Col1a2, a-SMA and fibronectin EDA)."
28756206
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"Indeed, the expression of TGF-beta1 is increased in the vessel wall of CaCl 2 treated Smad3 -/- mice comparing with their wild type controls (XREF_SUPPLEMENTARY)."
25985281
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"After exogenous TGF-beta1 activation of Smad3, Smad3 can bind to the bHLH region of MyoD and inhibit formation of the MyoD dimer, ultimately blocking expression of specific genes of myoblasts, thus inhibiting differentiation [XREF_BIBR]."
32842630
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"TGF-beta1 also activated Smad3; however, since Smad3 expression is very low in JEG3 cells, it is unlikely that it plays a role in TGF-beta1-regulated aromatase promoter activity."
20003198
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"In a heterologous DNA binding transcription assay, biochemical or dominant negative ERK blockade reduced TGF-beta1 induced Smad3 activity."
12824291
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"We found that LJP61A suppressed TGF-β1-induced activation of Smad3, Smad4 and p38MAPK in vitro and in vivo."
37121417
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"TGFbeta1 activated p38 MAPK and SMAD3, but not p42 and p44 MAPK in HLF cells."
26088859
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"Thus, these results suggested that TbetaRII and Smad3 signaling pathway in TAMs was activated by TGF-beta1 in the TME and as a response, TAMs secreted more VEGF."
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"Previous investigations have shown that the TGF-β1-induced activation of p38 and Smad3 and, fibrotic responses in fibroblasts are mediated through the generation of reactive oxygen species (Alili et al., xref ; Sato et al., xref )."
28408888
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"The TGF-β1 activated protein Smad3 binds directly to the MyoD bHLH domain to block MyoD/E protein dimerization and DNA binding xref ."
21152098
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"Smad3 is a nuclear transcription factor necessary for TGF-b1 signaling and can be triggered by TGF-b1 ."
34484176
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"Smad4 is a candidate tumor suppressor gene whose protein product acts as a cofactor that binds TGF-beta 1 receptor activated Smad2 and Smad3 and generates transcriptional complexes [17]."
12044892
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"In the context of transplantation tolerance, TGF-beta1 may act to inhibit T cell effector responses and promote the generation of regulatory T cells and the action of Smad3 on GATA-3, thereby mediatin[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
22019771
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"Activation of SMAD3 by TGFbeta1 did not affect either collagen I or alpha-SMA in HLF cells."
26088859
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"Mechanistically, loss of Hjv promoted activation of Smad3 signalling induced by TGF-beta1, whereas Hjv overexpression inhibited TGF-beta1 and Smad3 signalling by directly interacting with TbetaRII on the muscle membrane."
30884219
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"Furthermore, we demonstrate that the primary cilium facilitates this through regulation of TGFbeta1 mediated activation of SMAD3 via distinct spatial localisation of TGFbeta receptors and signalling components at the cilium."
27748449
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"Our previous study has shown that TGF-beta1 activates SMAD3, but not SMAD2, in LGSC cells [XREF_BIBR]."
29156715
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"The results showed that the increased expression of proteins associated with the Smad3 and MAPK pathway induced by TGF-beta1 was significantly reduced after PAA treatment (XREF_FIG)."
33717232
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"Assessing this apparent contradiction, we have reported that TGFbeta1 induction and activation of Smad3 signaling after inflammatory stimulation are reduced in adult mice."
26257642
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"As TGF-beta1 induced p-Smad3 which was blocked by a Type I Receptor antagonist (SB431542), we also conclude that pro death TGF-beta1 1 signaling occurred through canonical Smad pathways."
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"Furthermore, E64d suppressed TGF-β1-induced Smad2 and Smad3 activation and expression of fibronectin extra domain A (ED-A), an alternatively spliced fibronectin variant, and subsequently prevented cardiac fibroblast trans-differentiation into myofibroblast, which contributed to post-MI collagen and fibronectin synthesis and deposition."
23771947
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"TGF-beta1 exposure activated Smad2 and Smad3 as evidenced by their phosphorylation within minutes of TGF-beta1 exposure (XREF_FIG)."
20945383
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"Our study indicates that TGFβ1 causes phosphorylation and activation of Smad3, which enters the nucleus to inhibit human CYP7A1 gene transcription through direct interaction with HNF4α."
17920062
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"The activation of Smad3 by TGF-beta1 stimulation and the partial overlapping role of Smad2 play a predominant role in the generation of Tregs cells [XREF_BIBR]."
28472762
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"The levels of phosphorylated Smad2 and Smad3 were increased by TGF-beta1 in all tested cell lines , whereas Smad3 expression was induced by TGF-beta1 only in PLC / PRF / 5 , Huh7 , Huh6 , and HepG2 cells ."
32471991
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"Therefore, we tested whether TGFbeta1 activated Smad3 binds to the MUC5AC promoter in NCI-H292 cells using a ChIP assay with a Smad3 antibody."
33510050
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"More specifically, TGFβ1-activated SMAD3 mediates renal inflammation and fibrosis via up-regulating miR-192 and miR-21, and down-regulating miR-29 and miR-200."
31547567
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"Neither transfection of a Kindlin-2 mutant incapable of binding to β1 integrin nor knockdown of β1 integrin influenced the effect of Kindlin-2 on TGF-β1-induced Smad3 activation, indicating that this effect is independent of integrin."
23723426
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"A key event in Smad3 activation by TGF-β1 is its phosphorylation at carboxyl (C)-terminal SSXS motif, which triggers accumulation of Smad3 into the nucleus."
23685151
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"A time-course study revealed that, at mRNA levels, TGFbeta1 quickly upregulates its own receptors and Smad3, since it increases their expression as soon as 30 minutes of treatment."
21324108
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"It has been reported recently that TGFbeta1 activated transcription factors Smad3 and Smad4 specifically interact with HNF4alpha and inhibit HNF4alpha trans-activating activity [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."
19239393
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"Our study presents the first evidence that ASTX inhibits TGFbeta1 induced Smad3 activation, consequently repressing the expression of fibrogenic genes.Primary HSCs were isolated from C57BL/6J mouse li[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
25450180
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"13 We also showed that TGF-beta1 strongly induces the Smad3 pathway, and that RhoA is not required downstream for TGF-beta1-induced Smad3 activation but acts as downstream of Smad3 via NET1."
23828577
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"To examine this hypothesis, three types of small molecule inhibitors were used : (1) Ly294002, a PI3K inhibitor was used as a control to ensure that the enhanced response was not due to cell proliferation, (2) PF573228 was used to block integrin mediated FAK activation, and (3) SIS3 was utilized to inhibit TGF-beta1 mediated SMAD3 signaling."
28421182
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"Although the role of ERK in mediating phosphorylation of Smad2/3 remains to be investigated, our data indicate that early Smad3 phosphorylation is independent of transient EGFR transactivation and ERK[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
28943431
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"TGF-β1 is a well-known profibrotic cytokine that plays key pathological roles, including EMT promotion, in peritoneal fibrosis in patients undergoing the PD. xref TGF-β1 activates Smad2 and Smad3, which consequently induces a molecular transition that results in the downregulation of the intracellular adhesion molecule E-cadherin and upregulation of mesenchymal-associated molecules, such as Snail, α-SMA, and fibronectin."
28624215
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"In cultured monocytes, TGF-beta1 activates Smad3."
26941655
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"Then the cells transfected with Smad3 expression plasmid pcDNA3.1-Smad3 were treated with TGF-beta1 (2mug/ml) for 24h, followed by the treatment with GW4064 (5muM) or vehicle control DMSO for another 24h."
27853248
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"(2) MCF7 cells exhibited a time dependent increase in Smad-3 phosphorylation, as expected when treated with TGF-beta1 (5ng/ml) and also exhibited a mesenchymal phenotype (fibroblast like morphology)."
29321644
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"The -3,035 to -3,359 bp promoter region interacted with Smad3 independent of TGF-beta1 treatment, whereas TGF-beta1 treatment significantly increased the interaction of Smad3 with the -4,481 to -4,833[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
23122956
reach
"Additionally, TGF-beta1 expression led to Smad3 activation and murine double minute 2 (Mdm2) expression in murine mammary epithelial cells during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)."
19955655
sparser
"Together, these data suggest that ADAP forms a signaling module with TRAF6 and TAK1 to enhance TGF-β1-induced SMAD3 activation and TGF-β1 production via an autocrine manner."
25909459
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"Here we have demonstrated that Doxorubicin inhibited TGFbeta signaling in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells, namely, it blocked TGFbeta1 induced activation of Smad3 responsive CAGA (12)-Luc reporter, but did not affect c-myc-Luc reporter."
18606404
sparser
"For analysis of Smad2 and Smad3 activation by TGF-β1, these authors used a single concentration of 100 nM dasatinib rather than providing a dose–response curve with higher concentrations."
26588899
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"We found that TGF-beta1 treatment resulted in an increase of Smad3 and p-Smad3 in A549 cells, and the p-Smad3 level was increased much higher than Smad3."
23967091
sparser
"Moreover, PAR2 depletion strongly decreased TGF-β1-induced Smad3 and Smad2 activation, and led to a failure of TGF-β1 to stimulate non-canonical e.g ."
27248167
sparser
"Emodin also inhibited TGF-β1-induced Smad2, Smad3 and Erk1/2 activation, suggesting that Smad2/3 and Erk1/2 inactivation mediated the emodin-induced effects on TGF-β1-induced EMT."
27774992
sparser
"TGF-β1 activated the transcription factors, Smad2 and Smad3, by phosphorylation in a time-dependent manner and elevated collagen I protein, one of the well-known extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, in a dose-dependent manner (data not shown)."
27790277
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"Importantly, the activation of both Smad2 and Smad3 (p < 0.05) by TGFbeta1 was blocked by ALC."
24588206
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"Others, however, have suggested that another T2 cytokine, IL-4, actually attenuates TGF-β1–stimulated connective tissue growth factor expression by inhibiting TGF-β1–induced ERK-1/2 and Smad-2 and Sma[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
17418380
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"20 During TGF-beta pathway mediated hypertrophic scar formation, there is an up-regulation of SMAD-2 and SMAD-3, as well as increased expression of TGF-beta1, TbetaRI and TbetaRII, which lead to positive feedback loop."
28303029
eidos
"On the other hand , TGFbeta1 activated Smad3 in cultured podocytes as expected ."
31150422
sparser
"Blockade of IR/IRS-1/Akt pathway reversed the inhibitory effect of CTRP15 on TGF-β1-induced Smad3 activation."
32424654
sparser
"To further examine whether PDGF-C is involved in the inhibitory role of PAA on the Smad3 and MAPK signaling activation induced by TGF-β1, the expression of proteins associated with the Smad3 and MAPK pathways were measured by western blotting in cells treated with or without TGF-β1, PAA and PDGF-C. The results showed that the increased expression of proteins associated with the Smad3 and MAPK pathway induced by TGF-β1 was significantly reduced after PAA treatment ( xref )."
33717232
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"TGF-beta1 is the well-known fibrogenic factors, TGF-beta1 combining with its receptor leads to the activation of its downstream component Smad3."
29569980
reach
"Furthermore, the imported complex of Smad2 and Smad3 in the nucleus was further enhanced when the cells were treated with a combination of TGF-beta1 and 1% oxygen."
27909731
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"To verify our assumption, TGF-beta1-stimulated NRK52E cells were co-cultured with two concentrations of CTS (10 and 20 muM) for 1 h. TGF-beta1 treatment dramatically increased p-Smad2 and p-Smad3 but did not influence Smad4."
29928474
sparser
"Previous studies have found that TGF-β1 can activate both SMAD2 and SMAD3 [ xref ]."
30594239
reach
"TGF-beta1 signals through the heteromeric complex of TGF-beta type I and type II receptors to activate Smad2 and Smad3."
24973329
reach
"TGF-beta1 induces Smad3 dependent nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin in MSCs, which is required for stimulation of MSC proliferation."
22959078
reach
"TGF-beta1 stimulates the p 15Ink4B expression by inducing a complex assembly of Smad2, Smad3, Smad4, and Sp1 on its promoter."
24069312
sparser
"For instance, it was recently shown that SMAD2 and SMAD3 activation by TGFβ1 could be inhibited by the Ras/MEK/Erk signaling pathway ."
15023526
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"However, Huang et al., [107] demonstrated PARP-1 to be a requisite for TGFB1 induced Smad3 activation."
27476447
reach
"PARP1 is indispensable for TGF-beta1 induced Smad3 activation in rat VSMCs."
22073128
sparser
"TGF-β1-activated Smad3 therefore displays differential behaviour in human cancer and embryonic vs non-malignant cells."
33295886
sparser
"Importantly, the activation of both Smad2 and Smad3 (p<0.05) by TGFβ1 was blocked by ALC."
24588206
reach
"Downregulation of TGF-beta1 suppressed proliferation and increased chemosensitivity of ovarian cancer cells by promoting BRCA1 and Smad3 signaling."
30594239
reach
"For example, the targeting of both TGFbeta1 and SMAD3 transcripts might possibly allow resveratrol to impair TGFbeta1 induced SMAD3 dependent promotion of cell motility and invasiveness in advanced stages of gastric cancer [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR] or when SMAD2 and SMAD3 phosphorylated at both linker and COOH-terminal regions transmit malignant TGFbeta1 signal in later stages of human CRC [XREF_BIBR]."
21845215
reach
"For analysis of Smad2 and Smad3 activation by TGF-beta1, these authors used a single concentration of 100 nM dasatinib rather than providing a dose response curve with higher concentrations."
26588899
reach
"Given that TGF-beta1 activates both the Smad3 and JNK pathways, we examined the potential interaction between these pathways in the TGF-beta1-induced EMT process in RPMCs."
22384127
sparser
"TGF-β1-induced excessive ROS production was remarkably reversed by FKA treatment in A7r5 cells, and inhibition by FKA or N-acetylcysteine (NAC) substantially diminished TGF-β1-induced p-Smad3 activation and wound-healing migration."
30549180
eidos
"TGF-beta signaling plays a crucial role in fibrosis.41 ,42 It was persistently activated in many types of fibrosis.41 ,43 It has been reported that TGF-beta1 can activate Smad3 , and the latter induce transcription of pro-fibrotic agents , factors that can interference this signaling pathway may cause fibrosis ."
32921988
sparser
"Eupatolide blocks TGF-β1-induced SMAD3 activation."
29113242
sparser
"In contrast, overexpression of CRBN enhanced TGF-β1-induced SMAD3 activation, subsequently increased the expression levels of ECM proteins, and promoted fibroblast growth."
34002012
reach
"Intriguingly, TGF-beta1 preferentially activated pSMAD3 and suppressed pSTAT3 in a time- and dose dependent manner (XREF_FIG and XREF_SUPPLEMENTARY)."
31076405
reach
"In addition, Western blot showed that TGF-beta1 induced significant activation of p-Smad3, p-ERK and RelA and p65."
21220918
sparser
"TGF-β1-activated Smad3 induces transcription of the Cdk inhibitor p21WAF1 through interaction with the transcription factors Sp1 and FoxO1 [6] ."
26966064
reach
"Also, Smad3 is considered to be the primary signaling molecule involved in TGF-beta1 signal transduction in IUA, because TGF-beta1 elicits potent profibrotic responses in IUA and Smad3, which are activated by TGF-beta1 and are indispensable for most of its profibrotic actions."
26997760
sparser
"Collagen is a key downstream fibrogenic product of TGF signaling and cytokines like TFG-β, IL4/13, for instance, trigger TGF-β1-activated smad3, Stat6 to transcribe collagen type 1 alpha chain 2 (COL1A2) [ xref ]."
31771261
reach
"Apparently, TGF-beta1 induces Smad3 activation and the first wave of JNK1 activation."
22384127
reach
"Immunoflourescence analysis revealed that pSmad3 localized to the cell nucleus in all cells treated with TGFbeta1 regardless of cell spread area (XREF_SUPPLEMENTARY), suggesting that activation of Smad signaling is not disrupted by restricting cell spreading."
24340092
sparser
"Whereas others have shown that ERK inhibition decreased TGF-β1–induced Smad-2 and Smad-3 activation in human airway smooth muscle cells and TIMP-1 expression in a murine system, we report that inhibit[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
17418380
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"We demonstrate that the EMT process is conditioned by the extracellular matrix and characterized by TGFbeta1 driven Smad3 downregulation."
16709228
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"To examine time dependent changes in the levels of AMTN, Smad3 and Bax mRNA induced by TGFbeta1, real-time PCR analyses were performed."
29657250
trips
"In this study, we report that TGF-beta1-activated SMA- and MAD3 (Smad3/4) transcription factors specifically bound to the second promoter region of HDM2, leading to increased HDM2 protein expression and destabilization of p53 in human cancer cell lines."
19955655
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"While TGFbeta1 rapidly activated Smad3, the time course of Smad3 phosphorylation was similar in SAEC and LAEC (XREF_FIG)."
23284981
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"We also found that OMT reversed phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Smad3 induced by TGF-beta1."
22435440
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"Recently, we found that sCLU and p-Smad3 could be induced by TGF-beta1 in HCC cell lines in a dose dependent fashion."
23010347
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"Furthermore, while Smad3 mediated miR-154 upregulation by TGFbeta1, the mechanism by which TGFbeta1 increases the expression of miR299a-5p in MC is not yet understood and needs to be further studied 35."
33420269
sparser
"In addition, Western blot showed that TGF-β1 induced significant activation of p-Smad3, p-ERK and RelA/p65."
21220918
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"Pre-treatment with RBP2 siRNA in GC cell lines markedly retrieved Smad3 activation (formation of p-Smad3) induced by TGF-beta1 in different time points."
25974964
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"Our results showed that TGF-beta1 up-regulated p-Smad2, p-Smad3, Beclin 1 and LC3beta-II/I conversion in Star treated NIH3T3 fibroblast, but TGF-betaR1 and ALK5 inhibitor LY-2157299 suppressed the upregulation effects of TGF-beta1."
26716641
sparser
"At 16 hours, but not at 4 hours of culture, T cell activation by CD3 and CD28 antibody enhanced the TGF-beta1-induced p38 and Smad 3 activation ( xref )."
18827879
sparser
"Therefore, the effect of BMAL1 on TGF-β1-induced Smad3 activation may be partially mediated through GSK3β, which needs further investigation."
26753996
eidos
"Smad3 is a nuclear transcription factor necessary for TGF-beta1 signaling and can be triggered by TGF-beta1 ."
34484176
reach
"In contrast MCF7-miR665 cells exhibited no change in Smad-3 phosphorylation or in morphology when treated with TGF-beta1."
29321644
sparser
"Additionally, as shown in C, reporter assay analysis with SBE-Luc, which includes Smad binding elements (SBE), verified that the transcriptional activation of Smad2 and Smad3 by TGF-β1 appeared to be [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
23419524
sparser
"Disruption of the primary cilium inhibits TGFβ1-induced activation of SMAD3."
27748449
eidos
"The SMAD3 pathway mainly mediates fibrotic responses , and TGF-beta1 stimulates SMAD3 and promotes phosphorylation of SMAD2 as well as nuclear translocation to activate gene transcription in relation to SMAD4 ."
36131026
reach
"Smad2, Smad3 and Smad4 are present and activated by TGF-beta1 in MDPC-23 cells."
15353247
reach
"In vitro study for tracheal fibroblasts, the activation of Smad3 by TGF-beta1 presents as three major forms, phosphorylation, nuclear translocation and DNA binding."
17961388
sparser
"In the Smad-dependent pathway, TGF-b1 directly phosphorylates and activates the downstream mediator Smad2 and Smad3 through TGF-b receptor I, and then Smad2 and Smad3 bind Smad4, which forms a complex that moves into the nucleus and initiates gene transcription."
| PMC
sparser
"Activation of Smad2 and Smad3 by TGF-β1 is directly inhibited by SKI2162 in keratinocyte and fibroblast cells."
25686821
sparser
"Although SMAD2 and SMAD3 are highly similar in their structure and although TGF-β1 activates both SMAD2 and SMAD3 in most cell types, it seems likely that these SMAD isoforms mediate different transcr[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
22814105
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"Additionally, TGF-beta1 did not induce Smad3, a TGF-beta pathway specific Smad, mRNA expression in embryonic lungs in culture, as assessed by Smad3 competitive RT-PCR measurement."
10781941
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"TGFbeta1 also stimulates the association of Smad3 (a potent transactivator for the SM22 promoter) and p300 by co-immunoprecipitation assay."
16876108
reach
"We observed that suramin inhibited renal TGF-beta 1 - mediated activation of SMAD-3 in the 9 and 17 week diabetic mice, supporting our previous finding of the anti-fibrotic potential of suramin in early hyperglycemia induced kidney injury."
24040012
reach
"Using a luciferase reporter system specific for SMAD3 signal transduction (that is, CAGA-box reporter), we confirmed that FMOD prolonged TGFbeta1 induced Smad3 signaling in RDFs in vitro (XREF_FIG)."
29201497
reach
"In contrast, TGF-beta1 stimulation of most HCC cell lines resulted in upregulation of p-Smad2 and/or p-Smad3 (XREF_FIG; XREF_SUPPLEMENTARY)."
28192402
sparser
"To dissect the role of JNK1 in the TGF-β1-induced Smad3 activation, RPMCs were infected with Ad-DN-JNK1 or Ad-control, and then treated with, or without, TGF-β1 for 30 minutes, respectively."
22384127
sparser
"Therefore, we proposed that BMAL1 contributes to the TGF-β1 induced Smad3 activation through a mechanism that involves the regulation of GSK3β."
26753996
reach
"TGF-beta1 activated Smad3 and Smad4 signalling to facilitate their nuclear translocation."
30444057
reach
"TGF-beta 1 promotes the proliferation of human mesenchymal stem cells by inducing Smad3 dependent nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin in mesenchymal stem cells [XREF_BIBR]."
20184662
trips
"Activation of SMAD3 by TGFβ1 did not affect either collagen I or α-SMA in HLF cells."
26088859
sparser
"For instance, TGF-β1-activated Smad3 and Smad4 were found to bind specifically to the second promoter region of the p53 E3 ligase human murine double minute (HDM2), causing increased HDM2 protein expression and destabilization of p53 in human cancer cell lines."
22315972
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"Cells were infected with Ad-eGFP, Ad-SMAD3, or Ad-SOX9 then treated with either vehicle or TGF-beta1 (XREF_FIG)."
27746378
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"It has recently been demonstrated that in rat hepatocytes, combined treatment with EGF and TGF-beta1 potentiates Smad3 transactivation by Jun proteins [34]."
12837295
eidos
"Upon activation by TGF-beta1 , Smad2 and Smad3 are activated by C-terminal receptor-mediated phosphorylation and oligomerized with Smad4 to form a complex , which preferentially relocates into the nucleus ( 42 ) ."
33732314
reach
"TGF-beta1 can induce biological effects through transforming growth factor beta type I receptor (TGFbetaRI) and TGFbetaRII receptor, and activate Smad2 or Smad3."
29462614
reach
"TGFbeta-1 induced SMAD3 translocation to the nuclei in MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-231 (hm) as well as in SMAD4 deficient MDA-MB-468, indicating that an alternate non canonical pathway could be responsible for TGFbeta-1 induced cytokine production in MDA-MB-468 cells."
21099351
eidos
"Smad3 can be activated not only by TGF-beta1 but also by many stress molecules including angiotensin II ( Ang II ) , advanced end products ( AGEs ) , and C-reactive protein ( CRP ) under disease conditions ."
35541902
reach
"The luciferase assay suggested that miR-29b targets the 3 '-UTR of TGF-beta1, which in turn reduces the expression of TGF-beta1 and suppresses the TGF-beta and Smad3 signaling pathway, thus reducing cell viability and migration."
33791001
reach
"Thus, although the PI3K-PDK1-Akt pathway alone is insufficient to stimulate COL1A2 gene transcription, its activation by TGF-beta1 enhances Smad3 transcriptional activity leading to increased collagen I expression in human mesangial cells."
14610066
sparser
"For example, IGF-I selectively inhibits the TGF- β -triggered activation of Smad3 but not Smad2. xref Our findings reveal that zinc activates Smad2 expression but not Smad3."
24052079
sparser
"CXCL16 and LIF expression was dependent on TGF-β1 activation of Smad2 and Smad3."
23891907
reach
"NnV also significantly blocked the upregulation of p-Smad3 and Smad4 induced by TGF-beta1."
29434219
reach
"These results support that manipulations of TGFbeta1 or therapies to target SMAD3 may be potential therapeutic targets to treat ALF patients whom have the potential to develop HE."
26006017
sparser
"Smad6 overexpression attenuated TGF-β1-induced activation of PKC-δ and Smad3, promoted TGF-β RI degradation in BMP-2 knock-down cardiomyocytes, and could be abolished after knocking-down Smurf-1, in which Smad6/Smurf1 complex formation was critically involved."
22283839
eidos
"However , Deng et al ( 24 ) demonstrated that although Smad3 can be activated by TGF-beta1 in HLF , the former did not affect the expression of collagen I or alpha-SMA ."
34013369
sparser
"As shown in xref D, BMP-2-induced inhibitory effect on TGF-β1-dependent activation of p-PKC-δ and p-Smad3 could be reversed by silencing Smad6, but silencing Smad6 did not affect the phosphorylation levels of PKC-δ and Smad3 in BMP-2 knock-down cardiomyocytes."
22283839
sparser
"After exogenous TGF-β1 activation of Smad3, Smad3 can bind to the bHLH region of MyoD and inhibit formation of the MyoD dimer, ultimately blocking expression of specific genes of myoblasts, thus inhibiting differentiation [ xref ]."
32842630
reach
"Notably, our results show that when TGFbeta1 and BMP7 are administered together, both the SMAD3 mediated and SMAD1/5 mediciated signaling pathways are activated whereas TGFbeta1 alone only activated SMAD3."
27292615
sparser
"Of note, we have demonstrated that TGF-β1 stimulates mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 (Smad3) phosphorylation and activation in LRP-1 knockout fibroblasts [ xref ]."
25514242
reach
"Microarray analysis of Smad3 wildtype and null keratinocytes treated with TGFbeta1 for 48 hours showed that most cell cycle associated genes analyzed in the earlier data set (XREF_FIG) were downregulated by TGFbeta1 in both Smad3 wildtype, Smad3 null and Smad3 wildtype and v-ras Ha keratinocytes but this downregulation was abolished in Smad3 null and v-ras Ha keratinocytes (XREF_FIG), and XREF_SUPPLEMENTARY."
18942075
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"These results indicated that calcium signaling might regulate EMT induced by TGF-beta1 in lung cancer cells.To explore whether BAPTA-AM suppress EMT by modulating Smad signaling, the phosphorylation o[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
28778674
reach
"As shown in XREF_FIG, FXR activation markedly downregulated the TGFbeta1 induced Smad3 (but had no influence on the expression of FXR, Smad2 and Smad4) in HKC cells (XREF_FIG), which was significantly alleviated by the FXR antagonist guggulsterone (GS) (XREF_FIG) and the ectopic expression of Smad3 (XREF_FIG)."
27853248
reach
"Addition of TGF-beta1 in the absence of activating signals induced the activation of both Smad 3 and p38, detectable at 4 hours and 16 hours of culture (XREF_FIG)."
18827879
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"In conclusion, our results showed that TGF-beta1 can induce the stabilization of HIF-1alpha in PDLSCs under nonhypoxic conditions, that HIF-1alpha can negatively regulate the TGF-beta1 and Smad3 signal pathway in PDLSCs, and that TGF-beta1 and HIF-1alpha can synergistically inhibit the osteogenesis of PDLSCs."
31465914
sparser
"Intriguingly, TGF-β1 preferentially activated pSMAD3 and suppressed pSTAT3 in a time- and dose-dependent manner ( xref and xref )."
31076405
reach
"However, only the activation of SMAD2 but not SMAD3 signaling contributed to the activin induced down-regulation of StAR expression, which is inconsistent with our previous study that SMAD3 signaling [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
26001835
eidos
"Fang et al. found that TGF-beta1 could stimulate SMAD3 to bind to the miR-29 promoter and down-regulate the expression of miR-29 ."
34595351
reach
"Probably, TGF-beta1 leads to Smad2- and Smad3 dependent expression of negative regulators of receptor mediated endocytosis."
14561830
eidos
"It should be noted that UUO injury and TGF-beta1 also increased expression of Smad3 , but AZ505 did not alter its expression ( Figure 6A , C , E , G ) ."
34143514
reach
"However, this extremely sensitive and potent effect of dasatinib, particularly in Panc-1 cells, may have resulted from combined inhibition of ALK5 and SRC since we have previously shown that SRC contributed to TGF-beta1-mediated cell migration without affecting TGF-beta1 and ALK5-induced activation of Smad2 and Smad3."
26588899
sparser
"miR299a-5p inhibition also blunted TGFβ1-induced Smad3 activation, as seen through pSmad3 immunoblotting (Fig.  xref A) and assessment of Smad3 transcriptional activity using the Smad3 reporter CAGA-12 luciferase (Fig.  xref B)."
33420269
sparser
"Although the role of ERK in mediating phosphorylation of Smad2/3 remains to be investigated, our data indicate that early Smad3 phosphorylation is independent of transient EGFR transactivation and ERK[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
28943431
reach
"Analysis of expression of phosphorylated and total Smad2 and Smad3 in A549 cells untreated or treated with TGF-beta1 alone or in combination with alpha-PD-L1 or M7824 demonstrated the ability of M7824 to markedly prevent activation of both Smad2 and Smad3 in response to TGF-beta1."
29123964
reach
"Quercetin could almost completely abolish the phosphorylation of the above molecules except Smad3 and Smad1/5/9 stimulated by TGFbeta1."
27052477
sparser
"Several basic and clinical studies have demonstrated that treatment with GLP-1 analogs or GLP-1R agonists greatly mitigates renal fibrosis associated with DN by inhibiting TGF-β1-activated Smad 3 and ERK1/2 [ xref ]."
33049944
reach
"Thus, the results in KCOT stromal fibroblasts suggested that TGF-beta1 activates Smad3 and exerts a biochemical effect."
27279422
sparser
"In vitro study for tracheal fibroblasts, the activation of Smad3 by TGF-beta1 presents as three major forms, phosphorylation, nuclear translocation and DNA binding."
17961388
reach
"Thus, excessive activation of the TGFbeta1 and Smad3 pathway has been linked to wound fibrosis and fibroblasts treated with TGFbeta1 show induction of alpha-SMA [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."
24528651
reach
"Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4 are present and activated by TGF-beta1 in human mesangial cells."
10504488
reach
"Altogether, these results suggest that TGFbeta1 activated Smad3 recruits HDAC2, thereby making a Smad3-HDAC2 protein complex that translocates to the cell nucleus to inhibit both NF-kappaB activity and expression of its downstream target genes, including MUC5AC (XREF_FIG)."
33510050
sparser
"Previous studies have shown that TGF-β1 activates SMAD3 through phosphorylation, which then recruits HDAC4/5, which have HDAC activity, and forms complexes to inhibit osteogenic differentiation gene expression xref , such us RUNX2 and osteocalcin."
30937214
reach
"TGFbeta1 induction and activation of Smad3 signaling in the hippocampus by inflammatory stimulation was greatly reduced in adult mice."
24380849
reach
"Consistent with these reports, our results showed that TGF-beta1 induces the activity of ERK and smad3 in HCC1806 TNBC cells."
26637807
reach
"The activation of PI3K pathway by TGF-beta1 enhances Smad3 transcriptional activity in human mesangial cells, leading to increased collagen I expression."
21858467
reach
"XREF_BIBR At the molecular level, there is growing evidence that transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) activation of Smad3 dependent signaling mediates a cascade of fibrotic and EMT responses resulting in renal fibrosis."
28919801
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"Additional experiments were performed to analyze TGFbeta induced phosphorylation SMAD3 - the canonical pathway - in mitral VEC treated with or without TGFbeta1 for 15 minutes, with or without Losartan."
24632204
sparser
"Increasing Smad6 also attenuated TGF-β1-induced activation of p-PKC-δ and p-Smad3 in BMP-2 knock-down cardiomyocytes ( xref C)."
22283839
reach
"Smad2 and Smad3 are activated through carboxy-terminal phosphorylation by TGFbeta1."
22437318
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"As expected, no FSP1 was expressed after TGF-beta1 stimulation in the Smad 2, Smad 3, or Smad 4 knocked down cells."
23784029
reach
"These results indicated the critical role of sCLU in TGF-beta1 induced Smad3 activation."
23010347
sparser
"Taken together, these results suggest that HO-1-derived CO suppresses TGF-β1-induced Smad3 activation without affecting the canonical process for Smad3 activation."
29524413
sparser
"Next, we examined the effect of Smad6 on TGF-β1-dependent activation of PKC-δ and Smad3 in Smad6 overexpressed cardiomyocytes ( xref )."
22283839
reach
"TGFbeta1 and BMP7 in combination induce greater activation of both SMAD3 and SMAD1/5 compared to TGFbeta1 alone."
27292615
reach
"Transforming growth factor-beta1 activates Smad3 to regulate microRNAs that mediate renal fibrosis."
22211842
reach
"Consistently, SMIFH2 (25 muM), a small molecule targeting the FH2 domain of Diaph1, inhibited p-SMAD3 induced by TGFbeta1 (P <.05, XREF_FIG)."
32304339
reach
"These results suggest that TGFbeta1 activated Smad3 may recruit HDAC activity to deacetylate histones in CYP7A1 chromatin and result in inhibiting CYP7A1 gene expression.We then studied the effect of [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
17920062
reach
"In order to test whether TGF-beta1 induced Smad3 activation up-regulated PD-1 on tumor antigen specific T cells, we utilized B16 melanoma cells stably expressing ovalbumin as a model tumor antigen (B16-Ova)."
27683557
reach
"SMAD3 phosphorylation was increased by 27-fold in cells treated with TGF-beta1 (XREF_FIG)."
27936102
reach
"This finding suggested a sort of autocrine loop : the chemoresistant cells increase SMAD3 signaling, which increases TGF-beta1 expression, which in turn increases SMAD3 signaling again."
26956045
sparser
"TGFβ1-activated Smad3 binds to the MUC5AC promoter."
33510050
reach
"More functions related to non histone acetylation are likely to be discovered in future studies.Our recent studies demonstrate that Smad3 directly associates with SRF and myocardin and that TGFbeta1 s[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
16876108
reach
"We asked if TGF-beta1 promotes TH17 to TR1 conversion by modulating Smad3."
25924064
sparser
"TGFbeta1 may activate SP1, AP1 and Smad3-Smad4 and thus increase the expression of PAI-1 and collagen I."
16256024
eidos
"Smad3 , which is upregulated by TGF-beta1 and elevated during fibrogenesis ( reviewed in ref ."
33674592
reach
"The TGF-beta1 released from betaglycan by GrB induced SMAD-3 signaling, confirming that it remained active (p < 0.05)."
22479366
sparser
"During renal injury in CKDs, this balance is significantly altered because TGF-β signalling is up-regulated by inducing TGF-β1 and activating Smad3, whereas BMP-7 and its downstream Smad1/5/8 are down-regulated."
23126427
reach
"Application of TGF-beta1 increased the activation of Smad3 and MLC within 30 min."
18457660
sparser
"Indeed, this complex mode of TGFβ1-induced Smad3 activation may stand in the basis of joint Smad3 and p65 activities in TNFα + TGFβ1-stimulated MSCs, when the Cox-2 response was induced."
28553282
reach
"It showed that DEDD and N-DEDD inhibit TGF-beta1 induced Smad3 nuclear translocation and the formation of Smad3 and Samd4 complex."
23888690
reach
"RT-PCR showed that the alphaSMA mRNA expression level in the Smad3 wild-type fibroblasts was increased after treated with TGF-beta1, and was significantly higher than in the Smad3 knock-out fibroblasts treated with TGF-beta1 (t = 2.080, P = 0.027)."
17925182
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"In the EMT of RTECs, smad2 and smad3 were mainly mediated by TGF-beta 1 XREF_BIBR."
21850266
reach
"Our previous study shows that TGF-beta1 activates SMAD3, but not SMAD2, in MPSC1 cells [XREF_BIBR]."
29156715
reach
"Furthermore, we show that the cilium mediates this response through distinct spatial localisation of TGFbeta receptors and signalling components at the primary cilium, whereby TGFbeta1 mediated activation of SMAD3 takes place at the ciliary base."
27748449
sparser
"That 500 nmol/L LDN-193189 weakly blocked activation of Smad3 by TGF-β1 ( xref ), suggested that activation of Smad3 by rapamycin is dependent on the kinase activity of a BMP type I receptor."
22452883
sparser
"Conversely, 1 h after ligand stimulation, silencing of PEG10 moderately enhanced TGF-β1-induced activation of SMAD3 in SW1353 cells, and substantially increased BMP-6-mediated phosphorylation of SMAD1/5/9 (Fig.  xref )."
29044189
reach
"TGF-beta1 treatment promoted poly (ADP-ribosy) lation of Smad3 via activation of PARP1 in the nucleus."
22073128
trips
"Transforming growth factor-β1 activates Smad3 to regulate microRNAs that mediate renal fibrosis."
22211842
reach
"Over-expressing activin receptor like kinase (ALK) 5, the TGF-beta type I receptor (TbetaRI) enhanced the up-regulation of Smad2, Smad3, MMP-9, and MMP-2 induced by TGF-beta1, whereas application of TbetaRI inhibitor SB431542 diminished the stimulatory effects of TGF-beta1 on these genes."
28432277
sparser
"It is now well accepted that upon binding to its receptor, TGF-β1 activates two downstream proteins, Smad2 and Smad3, to exert its biological effects, which are negatively regulated by Smad7, a downstream inhibitory Smad in TGF-β signaling xref ."
23894614
reach
"Generating a panel of PC3 prostate cancer cells expressing alphavbeta6 or alphavbeta6 and beta3cyto or alphavbeta3 and beta6cyto chimeras, these authors reported that alphavbeta6 co-precipitated with TGFBRII, a relationship that required the cytoplasmic tail of beta6 and that physical association was required for the TGFbeta1 dependent upregulation of SMAD3, which in turn upregulated MMP2."
27515461
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"These results suggest a previously unappreciated possibility that TGF-beta1 treatment may increase the DNA binding of pSmad3 through poly (ADP-ribosy) lation."
22073128
reach
"Therefore, we proposed that BMAL1 contributes to the TGF-beta1 induced Smad3 activation through a mechanism that involves the regulation of GSK3beta."
26753996
sparser
"Previous studies have confirmed that the inhibition of JNK1 activation prevents the TGF-β1-induced Smad3 activation and nuclear translocation (Liu et al., 2012), and the upregulation of the TGF-β1 receptor on hepatic stellate cells is in a JNK-dependent manner (Thomas et al., 2015)."
29169800
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"XREF_BIBR To investigate the effects of CQ and HCQ in TGF-beta1, Smad3 phosphorylation and cell proliferation were examined in VSMCs treated with TGF-beta1 (XREF_FIG)."
32821717
sparser
"The above data showed that TGF-β1-induced Smad2 and Smad3 activation was sensitive to dasatinib inhibition."
26588899
reach
"Smad3 binding to SBEs in the mouse AMTN gene promoter was induced by overexpression of Smad3 or TGFbeta1, and this was inhibited by Bax overexpression."
29657250
reach
"As shown in XREF_FIG, TGF-beta1 treatment clearly activated SMAD3 in HK2 cells."
27550469
sparser
"Consistently, TGF-β1 treatment increases GSK3β expression and GSK3 inhibition abolishes TGF-β1-induced SMAD3 activation and α-SMA expression in cultured renal fibroblasts."
26092126
sparser
"Moreover, the inhibition of JNK1 activation prevents the TGF-β1-induced Smad3 activation and nuclear translocation, and inhibition of the TGF-β1-induced second wave of JNK activation greatly reduced TGF-β1-induced EMT in RPMCs."
22384127
reach
"TGF-beta1 activates Smad2 and Smad3 as ' pathway specific Smads ' but not Smad1, Smad5 and Smad8 that are BMP pathway specific [10]."
11165238
reach
"FoxO3, a member of the Forkhead box (Fox) family, has been found to be a key partner for Smad3 and Smad4, which were activated by TGFbeta1 [XREF_BIBR]."
24349482
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"TGF-beta1 induced the nuclear localization of P-SMAD3, a downstream effector of TGF-beta signaling, in HSCs, PFs, and MCs (XREF_FIG)."
26806818
reach
"The membrane receptor, serine/threonine kinase complex, can be activated by TGF-beta1 and phosphorylate the transcription factors Smad1, Smad2 or Smad3 and then bind to Smad4, and travel to the nucleus XREF_BIBR - XREF_BIBR."
30154451
reach
"Other advantages of our study included using side-by-side experiments that allowed direct comparison of Smad2 and Smad3 associated proteins in human epithelial cells that were treated with TGF-beta1 prior to purifying Smad containing complexes."
18729074
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"IP using anti-Smad1/5/8 or anti-Smad3 antibody showed that FAD104 does not interact with either Smad1/5/8 or Smad3 in HeLa cells treated with or without TGF-beta1."
29180690
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"A similar mechanism has already been described in adipocytes; a TGFB1 driven Smad3 dependent pathway appears to control Pgc1a and downstream fat deposition 36."
25419705
sparser
"This is consistent with the fact that TGF-β1-activated Smad3 and Nur77 are subcellularly distributed in the nucleus."
25140527
reach
"We observed that TGF- beta 1 activated Smad3 and p44/42 kinase in fibroblasts; Smad3 inhibitor affected the phosphorylation of p44/42 kinase, and inhibition of Smad3 and p44/42 kinase phosphorylation [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
21056681
reach
"TGF-beta1 activated the transcription factors, Smad2 and Smad3, by phosphorylation in a time dependent manner and elevated collagen I protein, one of the well-known extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, in a dose dependent manner (data not shown)."
27790277
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"Addition of TGF-beta2, but not TGF-beta1, rescued the RES mediated downregulation of p-ERK1/2, p-Smad3, and alpha-SMA."
20720562
reach
"We have recently demonstrated that disruption of canonical TGF-beta1 signaling in Smad3 -/- mice reduced flexor tendon adhesions and improved tendon gliding, due to reduced extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, but led to compromised biomechanical properties with a significant reduction in repair strength 4."
29643421
reach
"Naringenin reduced not only the accumulation of ECM, including collagen Ialpha1 (Col Ialpha1), fibronectin (FN), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), but also the production of Smad3 induced by TGF-beta1 in both mRNA and protein levels in a dose dependent manner."
16341574
sparser
"Activation of SMAD3 by TGFβ1 did not affect either collagen I or α-SMA in HLF cells."
26088859
reach
"TGF-beta1 treatment significantly increased levels of collagen I, fibronectin, alpha-SMA, p-Smad2, p-Smad3, and Smad4 in LX-2 cells."
30584275
reach
"In vitro, TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 and TGF-beta3 stimulated a Smad3 dependent matrix preserving phenotype in cardiac fibroblasts, suppressing matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 3 and MMP8 synthesis and inducing tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP) 1."
30686120
reach
"In the canonical TGF-beta signaling pathway, activation of Smad3 by TGF-beta1 is a multistep process involving its phosphorylation in the COOH-terminal SSXS motif, complex formation with Smad4, and translocation into the nucleus XREF_BIBR."
26297431
sparser
"Because Smad3 is known as a key mediator in anti-proliferative TGF-β1 signaling pathway, we examined whether CO might affect TGF-β1-induced Smad3 activation."
29524413
sparser
"TGF-beta1-activated Smad3 plays a major role in the expression of Foxp3, since TGF-beta1-induced-Treg generation from Smad3(-/-) mice is markedly reduced and abolished by inactivating Smad2."
19701891
sparser
"Forced expression of wild-type ALK5 or a kinase-active ALK5 mutant, but not a kinase-active but Smad-binding defective ALK5 mutant, was able to rescue TGF-β1-induced Smad3 activation, Smad dependent transcription, and cell migration in PAR2-depleted cells."
27248167
reach
"From the results of XREF_FIG C, TGF-beta1 stimulation greatly enhanced the binding of p-Smad3 to the predicted Smad binding site on the 5 ' UTR of MMP2."
33614911
reach
"We noted that 10ng/ml TGF-beta1 enhanced the ratio of p-Smad3 to Smad3 obviously in A549 cells (XREF_FIG), but this was inhibited gradually after cells were treated with 0.5-5mumol/ml the TGF-beta1 inhibitor (SB431542)."
28005074
sparser
"Our study suggested that TGF-β1-activated Smad3 was markedly repressed by androgen (unpublished data)."
18829577
reach
"Smad3, which is upregulated by TGF-beta1 and elevated during fibrogenesis (reviewed in ref."
33674592
reach
"As the primary cytokine regulating hepatic satellite cell (HSC) function, TGF-beta1 activates, promotes, and stimulates HSC proliferation and differentiation by phosphorylating downstream signaling molecules Sma- and Mad related proteins 2 and 3 (Smad2 and Smad3)."
29402324
reach
"A key event in Smad3 activation by TGF-beta1 is its phosphorylation at carboxyl (C)-terminal SSXS motif, which triggers accumulation of Smad3 into the nucleus."
23685151
sparser
"In cultured monocytes, TGF-β1 activates Smad3."
26941655
sparser
"Western Blot Analysis of TGF- β -Induced Activation of Smad3, p38 MAPK, ERK, and JNK in WT and KO Ocular Fibroblasts."
25068659
sparser
"Altogether, these results lend additional support to a model in which primary cilia and PC1 participate in cardiac fibrogenesis and point to a critical role of this signaling platform in TGF-β1-dependent activation of SMAD3 during fibrosis."
30818997
reach
"The present study shows for the first time that the TGFbeta-R1 gene is expressed in the POA of prepubertal female rats, and that the TGFbeta1 peptide up-regulated both gene and protein expression of the receptor, as well as that of Smad 2 and Smad 3, downstream markers demonstrating receptor activation and confirming the involvement of this signaling pathway."
24588206
reach
"In the presence of MG132, TGF-beta1 treatment increased the p-Smad3 in cytoplasm and nucleus."
22195013
reach
"Smad-3 was clearly localized to the nucleus in cells treated with TGF-beta1 (45 min, 5 ng/ml), whereas Smad-3 was excluded from the nuclei of cells that were also treated with FGF-2."
18218921
reach
"Thus, the mechanistic understanding of the TGFbeta1 mediated Smad3 pathway for MUC5AC expression could be a good starting point to find out ways to relieve the symptoms of chronic airway diseases."
33510050
sparser
"When CRBN-overexpressing fibroblasts were treated with metformin, the increases in TGF-β1-induced activation of SMAD3 and expression of α-SMA and collagen via CRBN overexpression were completely suppressed."
34002012
eidos
"It is now well established that Smad3 is a common downstream signaling molecule and transcriptional factor leading to tissue fibrosis.9 Indeed , Smad3 can be activated not only by TGF-beta1 but also by many pathogenic mediators , including Ang II , advanced glycation end products ( AGEs ) , and C-reactive protein ( CRP ) via the p38 / ERK MAPK-Smad crosstalk pathway.6 , 7 , 8,24,25 It is also known that Smad3 binds many collagen promoters to trigger fibrogenesis.10 Thus , mice lacking Smad3 are protected against fibrosis in many diseases , including hypertensive renal and cardiovascular diseases.11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 These findings strongly suggest that targeting Smad3 may represent promising research into the new drug development for treating diseases with progressive fibrosis ."
32953930
sparser
"We therefore evaluated the effect of kaempferol on TGF-β1–induced Smad3 activation in A549 cells."
26297431
sparser
"PARP1 is indispensable for TGF-β1 induced Smad3 activation in rat VSMCs."
22073128
sparser
"Rk1 and Rg5 inhibit TGF-β1-activation of Smad2 and Smad3."
33437165
reach
"Western blotting showed that in vitro experiment showed that phosphorylation of Smad3 protein was increased in the fibroblasts treated with TGF-beta1 and was almost absent in those not treated with TGF-beta1."
17925182
reach
"In addition, TGF-beta1 stimulation or overexpression of SMAD3 enhanced the TRB3 promoter activity and expression, suggesting that there is a positive feedback loop between TRB3 and TGF-beta-SMAD3 signaling."
21896644
sparser
"The treatment with ALK5 inhibitor (SB505124) provoked a dramatic inhibition of TGF-β1-induced Smad2 and Smad3 activation ( Fig. 1 C)."
21798735
sparser
"TGFβ1-activated Smad3 directly binds to the MUC5AC promoter to control MUC5AC expression."
33510050
reach
"Significantly, activation of the IGF-1R interferes with TGF-beta1 activation of Smad3 thereby blocking TGF-beta-mediated apoptosis in prostate epithelial cells [XREF_BIBR]."
19896548
sparser
"Thus, we hypothesize that TGFβ1-activated Smad3 may form a protein complex with HDAC2 to suppress NF-κB activity."
33510050
reach
"TGF-beta1 activates Smad3 to contribute to fibrosis; whereas overexpression of Smad7 prevents renal fibrosis and inflammation invitro and invivo XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR."
30159422
sparser
"TGFβ1 could activate SMAD2 and SMAD3 in cancer cell which form complexes with transcriptional coactivators or cosuppressors to regulate gene expression [ xref ]."
31753020
sparser
"These results indicated the critical role of sCLU in TGF-β1 induced Smad3 activation."
23010347
reach
"TGFbeta1 Mediated SMAD3 Enhances PD-1 Expression on Antigen Specific T Cells in Cancer."
27683557
sparser
"Consistently in vitro , TGF-β1 treatment increased GSK3β expression and GSK3 inhibition abolished TGF-β1-induced SMAD3 activation and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression in cultured renal fibroblasts."
26092126
reach
"Smad3 is a nuclear transcription factor necessary for TGF-b1 signaling and can be triggered by TGF-b1."
34484176
reach
"Thus, we hypothesize that TGFbeta1 activated Smad3 may form a protein complex with HDAC2 to suppress NF-kappaB activity."
33510050
sparser
"In order to test whether TGF-β1 induced Smad3 activation up-regulated PD-1 on tumor antigen-specific T cells, we utilized B16 melanoma cells stably expressing ovalbumin as a model tumor antigen (B16-Ova)."
27683557
reach
"CXCL16 and LIF expression was dependent on TGF-beta1 activation of Smad2 and Smad3."
23891907
sparser
"A previous study showed that SMAD3 can be activated by TGF-β1 [ xref ]."
30594239
reach
"Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) has been shown to promote fibroblast migration by activating Smad3."
34890838
sparser
"TGF-β1 also activated Smad3; however, since Smad3 expression is very low in JEG3 cells, it is unlikely that it plays a role in TGF-β1-regulated aromatase promoter activity."
20003198
reach
"For instance, it was recently shown that SMAD2 and SMAD3 activation by TGFbeta1 could be inhibited by the Ras/MEK/Erk signaling pathway [40]."
15023526
reach
"We assessed the phosphorylation status of ERK and SMAD3 in mitral VEC treated with TGFbeta1 over a 4 day time course, in the presence or absence of Losartan or RDEA119, to determine the extent to which one or both pathways was active during EndMT."
24632204
reach
"A large number of M1 macrophages with proinflammatory characteristics are rapidly recruited to cardiac tissues, and M1 macrophages stimulate myocardial fibrosis by inducing the production of TGF-beta1, while TGF-beta1 stimulates Smad3 signaling, induces the production of collagen and MMP, and releases extracellular matrix from cardiac fibroblasts to promote tissue fibrosis and myocardial remodeling 144."
33612829
reach
"TGF-beta1 increased the accumulation of Smad3 in the nuclear region (immunofluorescence assay) and promoted the enrichment of Smad3 at the binding sites of the promoters of Gja1 (Cx43) and Panx1 (ChIP assay), thereby initiating the enhanced gene expression."
31666990
reach
"As shown in XREF_FIG, cells pre-treated with ADC followed by TGF-beta1 treatment, the ratio of phosphorylated Smad2 and Smad3 protein is comparable to the ratio in cells treated with only TGF-beta1."
25658913
reach
"This effect was supported by observations that FZHY could significantly reduce collagen deposition, downregulate the protein expression of alpha-SMA and TGFbeta1, and inhibit the nuclear translocation of Smad3 in fibrotic kidney tissue."
26019805
reach
"The significant but lower change in Smad3 expression is likely due to the fact that TGF-beta1 stimulation of Smad3 is mediated mostly through an increase in SMAD3 phosphorylation rather than a modification in smad3 mRNA expression."
23197195
reach
"The MG132 pretreated groups exhibited lower phosphorylated-mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (p-Smad) 2, p-Smad3 and FN protein expression compared with the groups treated with TGF-beta1 alone."
30936965
reach
"After 2 days, TGF-beta1 increased SMAD3 reporter activity as expected, and this was further elevated with LNA-let-7b compared with TGF-beta1-treated and LNA-C-transfected cells."
24088962
sparser
"Our previous study shows that TGF-β1 activates SMAD3, but not SMAD2, in MPSC1 cells [ xref ]."
29156715
sparser
"FoxO3, a member of the Forkhead box (Fox) family, has been found to be a key partner for Smad3 and Smad4, which were activated by TGFβ1 [ xref ]."
24349482
sparser
"Transforming growth factor-β1 activates Smad3 to regulate microRNAs that mediate renal fibrosis."
22211842
reach
"The results of Western blotting, quantitative RT-PCR and immunofluorescence assays indicated that miR-101a dramatically inhibited the hypoxia induced up-regulation of both TGFbetaRI and p-Smad 3 but not TGFbeta1 in CFs."
26055514
reach
"TGF-beta1 induced the receptor complex activation causes Smad2 and Smad3 activation through direct C-terminal phosphorylation."
27191651
eidos
"It is known that the tumor-suppressive effects of TGF-beta1 are dependent on both Smad3 and the transcription factor E2F1 ( 18 ) ."
32010624
sparser
"LTB 4 /BLT1 axis inhibits TGF-β1-induced Smad3 activation and G 1 arrest through increasing Smad3 linker region phosphorylation."
26497676
reach
"Immunofluorescence assay corroborated the decreased nuclear translocation of Smad3 induced by TGF-beta1 with RBP2 siRNA pre-treatment (XREF_SUPPLEMENTARY)."
25974964