IndraLab
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"The signaling mechanism involved recruitment of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor-1 (S1P-R1) to the caveolin enriched microdomains (CEMs, also known as lipid rafts or caveoli) and activation of serine/threonine kinases mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and Rac specific nucleotide exchange factors Tiam1 and Vav2, which stimulated Rac1 GTPase signaling to cytoskeleton and cell junctions."