IndraLab

"Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with COPD have decreased telomere length, a hallmark of senescing cells in vitro, when compared with normal individuals (225). This observation has been extended to lung cells, as alveolar epithelial and endothelial cells of emphysema patients exhibited enhanced expression of markers of cell senescence including p16Ink4a and p21CIP1/WAF1/Sdi1 and telomere shortening when compared with smokers without emphysema and normal individuals (320).TGF-beta1 played a role in the upregulation of p21CIP1/WAF1/Sdi1 in the alveolar type II-like epithelial cell line A549 (205). "

"Transforming growth factor beta 1 can induce CIP1 and WAF1 expression independent of the p53 pathway in ovarian cancer cells."

"The current study demonstrates that TGF- beta 1 is also able to upregulate p21 transcription and protein levels in MCF-7 cells."

"In the present report, firstly we confirmed that TGF-beta1 treatment could upregulate p21 gene expression in RMC; then we found significant changes of histone lysine methylations, including H3K9me2/3 and H3K4me1/2/3 levels at p21 gene promoter, which were closely associated with p21 gene expression; further results showed that SET7/9, the specific H3K4me1 HMT, was involved in TGF-beta1 induced p21 gene upregulation in RMC."

"TGFbeta1 selectively increased the expression of p21 in the VZ."

"The basal and TGFβ1-induced expression of p21 WAF1 was higher in Ad-EPSM–infected cells than Ad-GFP- and Ad-Smad3–infected controls ( xref and xref )."

"Several studies have shown that TGFbeta1 induces p21 waf1 and cip1 expression [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."

"Therefore, we decided to address the role of miR-106b-25 in the presence of TGFb: this cytokine, by inducing the expression of p21 and other antiproliferative molecules, ensures timely coordinated cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis of mature cells in the gastrointestinal tract, thus controlling the physiological turnover of epithelial cells (van den Brink and Offerhaus, 2007)."

"In contrast, p21 expression by PDGF-BB or TGF-beta1 was not detected in Hic-5-/- MCs (XREF_FIG)."

"To further understand the key roles of H3K4me in regulating TGF-beta1-induced p21 expression, we investigated the levels of H3K4me1/2/3 in RMC exposed to TGF-beta1 for 24h; subsequently our current results showed that TGF-beta1 upregulated p21 gene expression in RMC, which is positively correlative with the increased H3K4me1/2/3 levels at the p21 promoter."

"Overexpression of p21 alone induced transcription of alphasmooth muscle actin by down-regulating YB1 and independent of TGFbeta1."