IndraLab

Statements


USP14 affects Proteasome
3 | 3 80 25
USP14 binds Proteasome.
2 | 32 25
2 | 28 21

sparser
"Moreover, the UBL domain is not strictly essential for binding to proteasomes as the USP domain maintains interactions with the OB ring of RPT subunits, in particular with Rpt1 [ xref , xref ], and indeed, truncated USP14 lacking its N-terminal UBL can associate with proteasomes [ xref , xref ]."

reach
"While USP14 can be found both free and bound to the proteasome, its catalytic activity has only been observed when associated with the proteasome [XREF_BIBR]."

reach
"Two additional DUBs, USP14 and UCHL5 (also known as and hereafter referred to as UCH37), also associate with the proteasome, although their precise roles are unclear (D'Arcy and Linder, 2012; Komander and Rape, 2012; Lee et al., 2011)."

reach
"Of note, the recruitment of USP14 to the proteasome was concomitantly reduced in TRIM11 overexpressing cells."

reach
"In the hippocampus, loss of Usp14 binding to the proteasome results in higher degradation rates that interfere with presynaptic formation, which can be rescued by overexpression of a catalytically inactive mutant 32."

reach
"Such inducible recruitment of USP14 to the proteasome may underlie the cytoprotective effects of USP14 inhibitors observed under some stress conditions."

sparser
"The effect of USP14 aptamers on the interaction of USP14 with the proteasome was investigated using proteasome affinity pulldown assays."

sparser
"In contrast to the association of Usp14, with the proteasome, the binding of its UBL domain alone increases coordinately the proteasome‘s three peptidase activities, which strongly suggests enhanced gate opening into the 20S particle."

sparser
"Regarding the structure of proteasome bound to USP14, the USP14-Uba1 complex binds to the periphery of the oligosaccharide-binding (OB) ring, close to Rpn1, whereas the active site of USP14 is located in the axial channel of the OB ring."

"However, recent studies have shown that, by contrast, upon chemical inhibition of the proteasome-bound DUB Usp14, the degradation of aggregation-prone substrates in mammalian tissue culture cells significantly increased [65]"
| 4

sparser
"USP14 is one of the three proteasome-associated deubiquitinase (DUB) enzymes, USP14 and UCHL5 being the two that are associated reversibly with the proteasome [ xref ]."

sparser
"USP14 and UCHL5 associate with the proteasome through different ubiquitin receptors, USP14 to Rpn1 at the base of the 19S RP and UCHL5 to Rpn13/ADRM1 at the top of the 19S RP [ xref ] ( xref )."

sparser
"Later, it was determined that b-AP15 targeted the proteasome-bound USP14 and UCHL5, which belong to the USP and UCH families, respectively [ xref ]."

sparser
"The HA-UbVS pull-down also isolated known DUBs interactors ( xref ) such as proteasome subunits, consistent with the known interaction of UCHL5 and USP14 with the proteasome ( xref )."
Proteasome binds USP14 and 26S. 3 / 3
| 3

reach
"As USP14 and Ubp6 has been shown to be activated 300-fold upon binding to the proteasome, participating in the stepwise removal of ubiquitin and sparing it from proteasomal degradation, and that a loss of USP14 activity results in reduced levels of free ubiquitin, we next analyzed free ubiquitin levels in CD4 + T cells during aging, to evaluate whether increased USP14 activity associated with the 26S proteasome, impacts levels of free cellular ubiquitin."

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"The binding of USP14 to the 26S proteasome was monitored by western blotting using an antibody against USP14 (Bethyl Laboratories, Inc)."

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"(B) The effect of USP14 aptamers on USP14 binding to the 26S proteasome was determined by immunoblotting after pulldown assays."
Proteasome binds USP14 and K63. 1 / 1
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"Further study will be required to determine if proteasome bound USP14 can interact with K63 linked ubiquitin chains or, alternatively, whether USP14 's DUB activity can be stimulated by a novel binding partner, allowing it to be active when not bound to the proteasome."
USP14 inhibits Proteasome.
1 | 2 27
1 | 2 27

reach
"However, USP14 does not appear to strongly antagonize proteasome function in Xenopus extract, as treatment of extract with UbVS or the USP14 specific inhibitor IU1 did not appreciably enhance turnover of pre-ubiquitinated cyclin."

reach
"Inhibition of USP14 activity reduced MNV-1 infection but WP1130 did not inhibit proteasome activity."

reach
"These results indicate that altered proteasome function caused by the loss of Usp14 results in widespread changes in the levels of activated stress kinases that have been implicated in tau phosphorylation."

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"Given that several studies have confirmed that USP14 can inhibit the proteasome in vitro [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR] and can inhibit protein turnover in cells [XREF_BIBR] the investigation and development of novel anticancer therapy based on inhibition of proteasome deubiquitinating activity or regulation of protein turnover is indicated."

reach
"Inhibition of Usp14 elevates proteasome activity in mouse fibroblasts cell culture.29 Our study suggests that Usp14 predominantly affects beta5 activity in C2C12 cell culture."

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"These findings reveal that in vivo proteasome function is limited by Usp14 dependent chain trimming, implying that otherwise competent substrates of the proteasome can be rejected when chain trimming is faster than competing steps leading to substrate degradation."

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"Inhibition of USP14 by the small molecule IU1 has been shown to enhance proteasome activity, which has been suggested as a novel therapeutic strategy."

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"Because K48 linked ubiquitin chains are a robust biomarker of ubiquitin proteasome system function [XREF_BIBR], and we found no difference in the catalytic capacity of TgUsp14CA and wild type proteasomes in vitro, it is unlikely that USP14 inhibition in the nervous system causes global alterations in proteasome activity."

reach
"Furthermore, inhibition of USP14 enhanced the activity of the 26S proteasome, while significantly decreased cellular autophagy, especially the autophagosome-lysosome fusion, which constituted compensatory negative feedback between UPS and autophagy (Table 2) (Kim et al., 2018a)."

"The DUB USP14 suppresses turnover of Tau and TDP-43 in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) by impairing the protea-some;"
USP14 activates Proteasome.
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eidos
"Accordingly , the inhibition of USP14 could improve the proteasome degradation activity [ 14 ] ."

reach
"Loss of Ubp6 function, for example, increases aneuploidy tolerance in yeast, presumably due to an elevated proteasome capacity for turning over higher protein levels, and pharmacological inhibition of Usp14 in human cells has been shown to stimulate proteasome activity XREF_BIBR - XREF_BIBR."

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"Recently, a small chemical compound (IU1) capable of inhibiting USP14 deubiquitination was shown to enhance proteasome mediated degradation of some substrates, including several proteins associated with neural degenerative diseases [XREF_BIBR]."

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"These USP14 specific aptamers effectively inhibited deubiquitinating activity and enhanced proteasome activity in vitro."

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"In contrast, siRNA of either UCHL5 or USP14 alone did not affect proteasome composition but did increase the rate of proteasome activity, supporting previous studies."

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"Consistent with the effects of USP14 upon the proteasome, these USP14 aptamers enhanced proteasome activity, and facilitated the degradation of Alzheimer's disease (AD)-implicated tau proteins."

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"Depletion of USP14 alone enhances proteasome activity, whereas co-depletion with UCHL5 inhibits the proteasome, indicating some cross-dependence for these DUBs during protein degradation."

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"The deubiquitinating enzyme ubiquitin specific peptidase 14 (USP14) has been shown to modulate both proteasome activity and autophagy."

reach
"Usp14 and Ubp6 can enhance the ATPase activity of the proteasome and partially open the CP gate [52,56-58]."

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"The inhibition of UCHL5 and USP14 deubiquitinase activity by WP1130 is expected to block the function of the proteasome in tumor tissue cells, but this still needs to be tested (D'Arcy et al., 2015)."
USP14 deubiquitinates Proteasome.
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USP14 deubiquitinates Proteasome. 2 / 2
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"Given that proteasome deubiquitination mediated by USP14 has fundamental roles in regulating proteasomal degradation of ubiquitinylated substrates XREF_BIBR XREF_BIBR, it is rational to speculate that perturbation of ubiquitin chain trimming functions of PfUSP14 may impact intraerythrocytic parasite development and cause difficulties for parasite egress from the host cell."

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"USP14 deubiquitinates proteasome bound substrates that are ubiquitinated at multiple sites."
USP14 deubiquitinates Proteasome on S26. 2 / 2
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"Thus Uch37 and Usp14 may both deubiquitinate the 26S proteasome."

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"Thus the DUB activities of Uch37 and/or Usp14 appear to antagonize ubiquitination of the 26S proteasome."
USP14 is modified
10 | 1 64 45
USP14 is phosphorylated.
8 | 64 45
USP14 is phosphorylated. 10 / 79
| 53 26

sparser
"In addition, treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced the serine phosphorylation of USP14, further deregulating the levels of I-κB in USP14-overexpressing cells ( xref ) ( xref )."

sparser
"Interestingly, we found that USP14 was associated with RelA, a binding partner of I-κB, suggesting that RelA is the linker between USP14 and I-κB. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment induced serine phosphorylation of USP14 as well as further reducing I-κB levels in HA-USP14-overexpressed MLE12 cells as compared with empty vector transfected cells."

rlimsp
"We also demonstrate that phosphorylation of USP14 is critical for Akt to control UPS and consequentially global protein degradation via the UPS."

sparser
"1) We analyzed the distribution of phosphorylated and total USP14 by glycerol gradient centrifugation (Koulich et al., 2008) and found that phosphorylated USP14 was largely present in fractions without proteasome while unphosphorylated USP14 was found in the same fractions with proteasome ( xref )."

rlimsp
"The reaction products were resolved by SDS-PAGE, and USP14 phosphorylation was detected using an antibody that specifically recognizes Ser432 phosphorylation of USP14 or determined by differential migration on phos-tag gels."

sparser
"Is it only the proteasome bound fraction of USP14 that is phosphorylated or is it the unbound USP14 that is phosphorylated."

rlimsp
"To further characterize the effect of Ser432 phosphorylation, we expressed and purified recombinant S432E USP14 protein, which mimics the phosphorylation state of USP14, from E. coli (Figure 3—figure supplement 1) and analyzed its activity by Ub-AMC assay."

sparser
"The phos-tag gels suggest that only a minor fraction of USP14 is phosphorylated."

sparser
"These observations may suggest that phosphorylated Usp14 could “moonlight” as an active enzyme outside of the proteasome."

rlimsp
"Regulation of UPS by Akt depends on phosphorylation of USP14."
USP14 is phosphorylated on S432. 10 / 29
| 11 18

sparser
"Finally, USP14 S432 is dramatically more phosphorylated in PTEN knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), which carry high levels of Akt activity, than that of WT MEFs as determined by western blotting using the phospho-USP14(S432) antibody and phos-tag electrophoresis ( xref ), and the phosphorylation of USP14 S432 was blocked by Akt inhibitors ( xref )."

rlimsp
"(E) S432 is the major phosphorylation site in USP14."

rlimsp
"(F) In vivo detection of endogenous USP14 Ser432 phosphorylation by anti-p-Ser432-specific antibody."

sparser
"We found that the treatment of IGF-1 or EGF resulted in phosphorylation of USP14 S432, which was blocked in cells pretreated with MK2206 ( xref )."

rlimsp
"Thus, S432 phosphorylated and unphosphorylated USP14 might be distributed differently in the cells. We next determined whether phospho-mimetic mutant of USP14 could be further activated by interacting with proteasome. Interestingly, we found that the Ub-AMC hydrolytic activity of S432E mutant could be further activated when incubated with proteasome in vitro (Figure 3H). Taken together, these results suggest that S432 phosphorylation and interaction with proteasome may be two different regulatory mechanisms for USP14."

sparser
"Akt-mediated phosphorylation of USP14 at Ser432 activates its deubiquitinating activity in vitro and in cells ( xref )."

rlimsp
"Structural basis of ubiquitin-specific protease-14 (USP14) activation by phosphorylation of Ser432."

rlimsp
"(G, H) Phosphorylation of endogenous USP14 S432 upon stimulation with insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) or epidermal growth factor (EGF)."

sparser
"Xu et al. reported that serine/threonine kinase could phosphorylate USP14 at Ser432, thus activating its deubiquitinating activity by transforming its catalytic site from the inactive conformation to the active form. xref Whether the activity of USP14 is regulated by serine/threonine kinase in ESCC is still questionable."

sparser
"Expression of Myr-Akt also led to S432 phosphorylation of endogenous USP14 ( xref )."
USP14 is phosphorylated on S143. 6 / 6
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USP14 is phosphorylated on T235. 2 / 2
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No evidence text available

No evidence text available
USP14 is phosphorylated on tyrosine. 1 / 1
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rlimsp
"The enrichment of phosphorylated peptides by TiO2 was performed with tryptic USP14 peptides. The enriched phosphorylated peptides were analyzed on Orbitrap Fusion mass spectrometer (Thermo Scientific). The activation type of HCD was performed for MS2. Protein identification was performed by Thermo Proteome discoverer (v1.4) with Sequest HT. The precursor mass tolerance was set at 10 ppm, and the fragment mass tolerance was set at 0.1 Da. The cysteine carboxyamido methylation was set as a static modification, and phosphorylated serine, threonine, and tyrosine residues were set as variable modifications."
USP14 is acetylated.
2 |
USP14 is acetylated on K449. 1 / 1
1 |

No evidence text available
USP14 is acetylated on K313. 1 / 1
1 |

No evidence text available
USP14 is produced.
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USP14 is produced. 1 / 1
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reach
"USP14 is a direct target of miR-4782-3p, and decreased expression of miR-4782 might contribute to increased expression of USP14 in HCC tissues."
Proteasome affects USP14
2 | 63 31
Proteasome binds USP14.
2 | 32 25
2 | 28 21

sparser
"Moreover, the UBL domain is not strictly essential for binding to proteasomes as the USP domain maintains interactions with the OB ring of RPT subunits, in particular with Rpt1 [ xref , xref ], and indeed, truncated USP14 lacking its N-terminal UBL can associate with proteasomes [ xref , xref ]."

reach
"While USP14 can be found both free and bound to the proteasome, its catalytic activity has only been observed when associated with the proteasome [XREF_BIBR]."

reach
"Two additional DUBs, USP14 and UCHL5 (also known as and hereafter referred to as UCH37), also associate with the proteasome, although their precise roles are unclear (D'Arcy and Linder, 2012; Komander and Rape, 2012; Lee et al., 2011)."

reach
"Of note, the recruitment of USP14 to the proteasome was concomitantly reduced in TRIM11 overexpressing cells."

reach
"In the hippocampus, loss of Usp14 binding to the proteasome results in higher degradation rates that interfere with presynaptic formation, which can be rescued by overexpression of a catalytically inactive mutant 32."

reach
"Such inducible recruitment of USP14 to the proteasome may underlie the cytoprotective effects of USP14 inhibitors observed under some stress conditions."

sparser
"The effect of USP14 aptamers on the interaction of USP14 with the proteasome was investigated using proteasome affinity pulldown assays."

sparser
"In contrast to the association of Usp14, with the proteasome, the binding of its UBL domain alone increases coordinately the proteasome‘s three peptidase activities, which strongly suggests enhanced gate opening into the 20S particle."

sparser
"Regarding the structure of proteasome bound to USP14, the USP14-Uba1 complex binds to the periphery of the oligosaccharide-binding (OB) ring, close to Rpn1, whereas the active site of USP14 is located in the axial channel of the OB ring."

"However, recent studies have shown that, by contrast, upon chemical inhibition of the proteasome-bound DUB Usp14, the degradation of aggregation-prone substrates in mammalian tissue culture cells significantly increased [65]"
| 4

sparser
"USP14 is one of the three proteasome-associated deubiquitinase (DUB) enzymes, USP14 and UCHL5 being the two that are associated reversibly with the proteasome [ xref ]."

sparser
"USP14 and UCHL5 associate with the proteasome through different ubiquitin receptors, USP14 to Rpn1 at the base of the 19S RP and UCHL5 to Rpn13/ADRM1 at the top of the 19S RP [ xref ] ( xref )."

sparser
"Later, it was determined that b-AP15 targeted the proteasome-bound USP14 and UCHL5, which belong to the USP and UCH families, respectively [ xref ]."

sparser
"The HA-UbVS pull-down also isolated known DUBs interactors ( xref ) such as proteasome subunits, consistent with the known interaction of UCHL5 and USP14 with the proteasome ( xref )."
Proteasome binds USP14 and 26S. 3 / 3
| 3

reach
"As USP14 and Ubp6 has been shown to be activated 300-fold upon binding to the proteasome, participating in the stepwise removal of ubiquitin and sparing it from proteasomal degradation, and that a loss of USP14 activity results in reduced levels of free ubiquitin, we next analyzed free ubiquitin levels in CD4 + T cells during aging, to evaluate whether increased USP14 activity associated with the 26S proteasome, impacts levels of free cellular ubiquitin."

reach
"The binding of USP14 to the 26S proteasome was monitored by western blotting using an antibody against USP14 (Bethyl Laboratories, Inc)."

reach
"(B) The effect of USP14 aptamers on USP14 binding to the 26S proteasome was determined by immunoblotting after pulldown assays."
Proteasome binds USP14 and K63. 1 / 1
| 1

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"Further study will be required to determine if proteasome bound USP14 can interact with K63 linked ubiquitin chains or, alternatively, whether USP14 's DUB activity can be stimulated by a novel binding partner, allowing it to be active when not bound to the proteasome."
Proteasome activates USP14.
| 10 5
| 10 5

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"To confirm this, we tested TRIM11 on recombinant USP14 protein that were activated by proteasome enriched cell lysates or purified RPs."

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"The 26S proteasome-activated USP14 is capable of cleaving single ubiquitin from its substrates and removing the en-bloc ubiquitin chains from substrates ubiquitinated at multiple sites, until only a single chain remains (Lee et al., 2016)."

reach
"This is consistent with previous studies showing that PGJ2 lowers 26S proteasome levels and activity [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR], and inhibits some of the thiol deubiquitinases including UCH-L1 and UCH-L3 [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR], as well as Ub-isopeptidase activity [XREF_BIBR], but not USP14 as shown here in our current studies."

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"Based on the structure of USP14, several inhibitors with high potency and selectivity, such as IU1 and IU1 derivatives, have been discovered and characterized for their ability to inhibit 26S proteasome-activated USP14 in an allosteric manner at both cellular and in vivo levels."

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"XREF_FIG shows that free chains of diverse length and linkage type are all cleaved minimally by proteasome activated USP14, even upon long incubation."

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"Again, this proteasome mediated USP14 activation was effectively prevented by recombinant TRIM11."

reach
"Still, USP14 activity can be remarkably enhanced by association with the proteasome -- up to ~ 800-fold -- suggesting its major regulatory role in proteasome function [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."

sparser
"This suggests that a unique negative feedback model, in which USP14 is activated by proteasome and then proteasomal degradation is suppressed by deubiquitination, is the basis by which USP14 serves as a critical inhibitory component of the proteasome [ xref , xref , xref ]."

reach
"Indeed, phosphorylation of Usp14 (or the use of a Usp14 phosphomimetic) results in increased activity in assays with the fluorogenic substrate ubiquitin-7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (Ub-AMC), for both Usp[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"The resolution of this conundrum required the identification of a preferred substrate of Usp14 and of the properties that govern substrate preference.Cyclin B, ubiquitinated by its physiological ligas[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
Proteasome deubiquitinates USP14.
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Proteasome deubiquitinates USP14. 10 / 15
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"Other inhibitors of the ubiquitin-proteasome system such as highly specific inhibitors of the proteasome associated deubiquitinating enzyme Usp14 could also show efficacy against aneuploid cells and thus could be used in the treatment of aneuploid cancers."

reach
"Tau degradation can also be promoted when deubiquitination by the proteasome associated deubiquitinating enzyme Usp14 is inhibited [XREF_BIBR]."

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"Additional targets which play a role in WM cell survival include TLR7, 8 and 9, proteasome associated deubiquitinating enzymes (USP14 and UCHL5), XPO1 and CRM1 and AURKA."

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"We report here that a small molecule selected for its capacity to inhibit the proteasome associated deubiquitinating enzyme Usp14 strongly enhances substrate degradation by the proteasome in cells."

reach
"A recent and exciting study for example explored the proteasome associated deubiquitinating enzyme USP14 as a target for proteasome enhancement [XREF_BIBR]."

reach
"Furthermore, inhibition of the proteasome associated deubiquitinating enzyme Usp14 promotes tau degradation [XREF_BIBR]."

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"The Ub-proteasome system has its own quality control mechanisms, one of which is the proteasome associated deubiquitinating enzyme ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 14 (USP14)."

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"B-AP15 simultaneously inhibits the proteasome associated deubiquitinating enzymes UchL5 and Usp14, whereas RA190 binds and inhibits the ubiquitin receptor subunit Rpn13 [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."

reach
"The functional activity of proteasome associated deubiquitinating enzyme USP14 was assessed in CD4 + T cells employing an active site probe as detailed in the experimental methods section."

reach
"Furthermore, since deubiquitinating enzymes associated with the proteasome are responsible for ubiquitin trimming from substrates targeted to the proteasome for degradation, and in light of growing evidence that the manner in which proteasome associated deubiquitinating enzymes, USP14 and UCH37, deubiquitinate substrates can in fact suppress and delay degradation and modulate proteasome function, we decided to next analyze the functional activity of the proteasome associated deubiquitinating enzyme USP14."
Proteasome inhibits USP14.
| 6 1
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sparser
"Consequently, we next investigated the effect of proteasome inhibition or specific inhibition of the DUB USP14 on ROS production by macrophages."

reach
"Activity probe assays with either the whole 26S proteasome or the 19S regulatory particle showed that the compound blocked the reaction of both USP14 and UCHL5 with haemagglutinin (HA)-tagged ubiquitin vinyl methyl sulfone (VMS)."

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"Inhibition of USP14 by a small moleculeenhances proteasome activity and decreases misfolded proteins in mammalian cells following proteotoxic stress 11."

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"By displacing USP14, TRIM11 changes proteasome composition and suppresses both catalytic and non catalytic effects of USP14."

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"HA-UbVS pretreatment of auranofin could bind the HA tagged UbVS in the purified 26S proteasome, supporting that auranofin inhibits UCHL5 and USP14."
Proteasome inhibits USP14-W58A. 2 / 2
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"Here we show that upon proteasome inhibition or expression of the mutant W58A USP14, association of USP14 with the 19S regulatory particle is disrupted."

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"Furthermore, proteasome inhibition or use of the mutant W58A USP14 facilitated the interaction of USP14 with the autophagy protein, GABARAP."
USP14 affects Ubiquitin
| 1 45 34
USP14 binds Ubiquitin.
| 5 34
| 1 28

sparser
"When Usp14 binds a substrate or Ub aldehyde, the orientation of its C-terminal region undergoes changes in its structure ( xref ; xref )."

sparser
"Structural and biochemical data pointed that IU1 and its analogs bind competitively with the ubiquitin C-terminus to the catalytic active site of USP14 through a previously unknown steric blockade mechanism."

sparser
"Gate opening occurs following the association of proteasome-associated USP14 with ubiquitin conjugates ( Peth et al., 2009 ), supporting the idea that deubiquitination and degradation are dynamic even[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

sparser
"Comparison of the crystal structures for the free and Ub bound catalytic core domain of USP14 suggests that the enzyme is activated by conformational translocation of two enzyme surface loops, which block access of the Ub C-terminus to the active site in the free enzyme ( xref )."

sparser
"In the USP14/ubiquitin-aldehyde complex, where the ubiquitin C terminus is covalently bound to the site cysteine and only one C-terminal oxygen is present, Asn108 (Asn218 in USP2) interacts with the h[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

sparser
"They found that the conformation of the Ub β1–β2 loop is important for the Ub binding to USP14."

sparser
"Inhibition of USP14 induces the K63-linked ubiquitination of PRV VP16, where USP14 directly binds to ubiquitin chains on VP16 through its UBL domain during the early stage of viral infection."

sparser
"It is also a reversible non‐selective competitive inhibitor of USP14, targeting the formation of UbUSP14 or Ub‐UCHL5 conjugates. xref  This is achieved by inhibiting the enzymatic activity of USP14 and UCHL5, and VLX1570 shows significant anti‐cancer impact in multiple myeloma and Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. xref Anchored in these findings, a phase 1/2 trial evaluating the efficacy and tolerability of VLX1570 in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma is currently under way (NCT02372240). xref "

sparser
"Further study will be required to determine if proteasome-bound USP14 can interact with K63-linked ubiquitin chains or, alternatively, whether USP14’s DUB activity can be stimulated by a novel binding partner, allowing it to be active when not bound to the proteasome."

sparser
"Usp14 binds ubiquitin using its Fingers domain and a binding groove between the Palm and Thumb domains."
| 3

sparser
"Indeed, Ub-VS assay confirmed the inhibitory activity of each ITC on the ubiquitin-binding activity of UCHL5 and USP14."

sparser
"Indeed, ubiquitin vinyl sulfone assay confirmed the inhibitory activity of each ITC on the ubiquitin-binding activity of UCHL5 and USP14."

sparser
"We found that FB-28 and FB-71 at 2.5 μM were able to completely inhibit the ubiquitin-binding activity of both UCHL5 and USP14, while DAST at the same concentration had only a partial inhibitory effect ( xref , top and bottom panels, lanes 3–5 vs. 1–2)."

reach
"In the USP14/ubiquitin-aldehyde complex, where the ubiquitin C terminus is covalently bound to the site cysteine and only one C-terminal oxygen is present, Asn108 (Asn218 in USP2) interacts with the hydroxyl of the thiohemiacetal, while Asn111 (Asn221 in USP2) makes no specific interactions and is rotated away from the active site."

reach
"However, as the USP14/ubiquitin-aldehyde complex (Hu et al., 2005) has been solved at significantly lower resolution than the corresponding complex with USP7 (3."

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"A similar structural identity exists between USP2 and USP14, where 256 Calpha positions can be aligned with an rmsd of 1.43 A. However, as the USP14, ubiquitin, and aldehyde complex (Hu et al., 2005) [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

reach
"In the USP14, ubiquitin, and aldehyde complex, where the ubiquitin C terminus is covalently bound to the site cysteine and only one C-terminal oxygen is present, Asn108 (Asn218 in USP2) interacts with[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
| 2

sparser
"Here, we compare the structure of the PL pro -Ub complex with those of the USP2-Ub (PDB entry 2hd5; Renatus et al., 2006) , USP14-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 2ayo; Hu et al., 2005) and HAUSP-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 1nbf; Hu et al., 2002) complexes ( Supplementary Fig. S6 )."

sparser
"Only approximately 1000 Å 2 of the surface area of PL pro (640 Å 2 by the Ub core and 360 Å 2 by the Ub C-terminus) is buried in the interface, which is smaller than in the USP2-Ub (1900 Å 2 ; Supplementary Fig. S6b ), USP14-Ub aldehyde (1500 Å 2 ; Supplementary Fig. S6c ) and HAUSP-Ub aldehyde (1700 Å 2 ) complexes."
| 1

sparser
"Here, we compare the structure of the PL pro -Ub complex with those of the USP2-Ub (PDB entry 2hd5; Renatus et al., 2006) , USP14-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 2ayo; Hu et al., 2005) and HAUSP-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 1nbf; Hu et al., 2002) complexes ( Supplementary Fig. S6 )."
USP14 inhibits Ubiquitin.
| 1 19
| 1 19

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"USP14 impedes degradation of ubiquitinated proteins by removing ubiquitin chains from its substrates, while it could promote protein degradation via increasing proteasome activation."

reach
"In agreement with this data, deletion of the mouse ortholog USP14 causes a depletion of free ubiquitin and ataxic mice (ax J) that contain a mutant form of the Usp14 gene display a reduction in free monoubiquitin levels in the brain."

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"Hence, a more likely explanation for these genetic interactions between ubp6 Delta and the proteasome subunits is that association of Ubp6 with the mutant 26 S proteasomes stabilises these otherwise l[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

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"By contrast, USP14 and UCHL5 are located further from the 20S core and antagonize degradation by removing Ub in a stepwise manner from the distal end, promoting substrate dissociation from the proteasome [17] ."

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"However, later work has shown that ubiquitin overexpression does not correct the ax J deficits in hippocampal short term plasticity, and that transgenic expression of a catalytically inactive form of USP14 in the nervous system mimics the neuromuscular phenotype observed in the ax J mice, but causes a only a modest reduction of free ubiquitin."

reach
"Ubiquitin specific protease-14 (USP14), a DUB reversibly associated with the proteasome, negatively regulates the activity of proteasomes by trimming ubiquitin chains on proteasome bound substrates."

reach
"The degradation of Ub itself is closely related to the activities of DUBs associated with the proteasome since the loss of USP14 (or Ubp6 in yeast) or UCH37 has been shown to trigger degradation of Ub along with its target substrates, leading to depletion of the free Ub pool XREF_BIBR - XREF_BIBR."

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"By contrast, USP14 and UCHL5 are located further from the 20S core and antagonize degradation by removing Ub in a stepwise manner from the distal end, promoting substrate dissociation from the proteasome 17.The human genome encodes for approximately 90 DUBs, which fall into six classes 18, 19."

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"Conversely, USP14 might also activate proteolysis by degrading ubiquitin chains on target proteins and thereby enhance gate opening of the 20S proteasome."

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"Toward the identification of small-molecule stimulators of the ubiquitin-proteasome system to enhance the clearance of deleterious proteins, the discovery that a proteasome associated deubiquitinating enzyme, USP14, inhibits proteasomal degradation of proteins by trimming off ubiquitin chains inspired a high-throughput screen to find inhibitors of USP14 activity [XREF_BIBR]."
USP14 activates Ubiquitin.
| 17
| 17

reach
"It appears that POH1 cleaves at the base of the ubiquitin chain where it is linked to the target protein, whereas USP14 and UCHL5 mediate a stepwise removal of ubiquitin from the protein by disassembling the chain from its distal tip [XREF_BIBR]."

reach
"Here we show that Usp14, a proteasome associated deubiquitinating enzyme, can inhibit the degradation of ubiquitin protein conjugates, in vivo and in vitro."

reach
"These results strongly suggest that inhibition of USP14 by RNA aptamers might antagonize Ub chain-trimming on proteasomes, consequently facilitating the degradation of many UPS substrates.We investigated the effects of USP14 aptamers on HeLa cell viability."

reach
"However, as UCHL5 and USP14 are proposed to mediate a stepwise removal of ubiquitin from the substrate by trimming the chain from its distal tip, this leaves the opportunity for MGRN1 to reach a monou[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

reach
"In the UbAl bound form of Usp14, BL1 and BL2 are displaced, allowing the ubiquitin C-terminus access to the binding groove [71]."

reach
"Here we show that USP14, a proteasome associated deubiquitinating enzyme, can inhibit the degradation of ubiquitin protein conjugates both in vitro and in cells."

reach
"USP14 prevents proteasomal degradation of ubiquitin."

reach
"The western blot results showed that inhibition of both UCHL5 and USP14 by b-AP15 significantly increased the accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins by 31.80 +/- 6.25% (P = 0.008, n = 5) and reduc[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

reach
"RPN11 cleaves at the base of the ubiquitin chain where it is linked to the substrate, whereas UCH37 and apparently USP14 mediate a stepwise removal of ubiquitin from the substrate by disassembling the chain from its distal tip."

reach
"RPN11 and POH1 has been demonstrated to cleave at the base of the ubiquitin chain, removing ubiquitin en masse, while UCH37 and USP14 mediate a stepwise removal of ubiquitin from the substrate starting from the distal end."
USP14 increases the amount of Ubiquitin.
| 4
USP14 increases the amount of Ubiquitin. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Similarly, inhibition of USP14 alone by IU1 significantly increased the accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins by 22.51 +/- 4.44% (P = 0.025, n = 5) and decreased the levels of monomeric ubiquitin[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

reach
"Free Ub, but not Ub conjugate, levels were reduced in the brain of ax J mice, but neuron specific expression of the Usp14 transgene was sufficient to restore free Ub levels in the spinal cord and motor neuron axons and could rescue ataxia phenotypes with defective neuromuscular junctions in ax J mice XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR."
Modified USP14 increases the amount of Ubiquitin. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Biochemical analysis showed that the ubiquitin hydrolyase activity of this form of Usp14 is dependent on the presence of proteasomes, and neuronal expression of full-length Usp14 was able to restore the levels of monomeric ubiquitin in the brains of axJ mice."

reach
"Analysis of spinal cord and sciatic nerve extracts from the ax J -Tg mice demonstrated that transgenic expression of Usp14 restored monomeric ubiquitin levels back to wt levels (XREF_FIG), indicating that Usp14 is required for the maintenance of monomeric ubiquitin in the spinal cord and motor neuron axons."
AKT affects USP14
| 25 25 19
AKT phosphorylates USP14.
| 15 16 19
AKT phosphorylates USP14. 10 / 34
| 11 8 13

rlimsp
"The Akt phosphorylation site in USP14 from different species as predicted by Scansite."

sparser
"Since USP14 is a negative regulator of the UPS ( xref ; xref , xref ) and we found USP14 can be phosphorylated and activated by Akt, we reasoned that Akt-mediated activation of USP14 might lead to inhibition of the UPS and generally enhance the stability of many proteins."

reach
"Since USP14 is a negative regulator of the UPS and we found USP14 can be phosphorylated and activated by Akt, we reasoned that Akt mediated activation of USP14 might lead to inhibition of the UPS and generally enhance the stability of many proteins."

reach
"To test whether Akt could phosphorylate USP14, we overexpressed USP14 and an activated Akt (Myr-Akt) in HEK293T cells, and performed a quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis (XREF_FIG)."

rlimsp
"(D) Inhibition of Akt decreased exogenous USP14 phosphorylation."

rlimsp
"Phosphorylation of ubiquitin-specific protease-14 (USP14) by Akt activates USP14 DUB activity."

sparser
"Remarkably, Akt-dependent phosphorylation of USP14 elevates the catalytic activity of proteasome-associated USP14 beyond this level."

reach
"USP14 is a deubiquitinating enzyme which presents reversible association with proteasome, and can inhibit the proteasome activity via trimming K48 ubiquitin chains on the proteasome‐bound substrates.36, 37 Recent study revealed that USP14 could be phosphorylated and activated by AKT, and could negatively regulate autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases.32, 38 Herein, we validated that SPAG5‐AS1 regulated the de‐ubiquitination of SPAG5 relying on USP14, and therefore activated AKT/mTOR signalling."

sparser
"Thus, to fully understand the signaling pathways and the interactomes of USP14 involved in cancer cell growth and metabolism, further research on the phosphorylation of USP14 by AKT along with inhibition and knockdown studies of USP14 may be necessary."
| PMC

sparser
"Taken together, these data show that phosphorylation of USP14 by Akt is important for this kinase to negatively regulate the UPS in a ubiquitin-dependent manner."
AKT phosphorylates USP14 on S432. 10 / 19
| 4 8 6

rlimsp
"To further verify the phosphorylation of USP14 S432 by Akt, we developed a phospho-Ser432-specific antibody."

sparser
"To further verify the phosphorylation of USP14 S432 by Akt, we developed a phospho-Ser432-specific antibody."

sparser
"Akt phosphorylates USP14 at the Ser432 residue, resulting in activation of its deubiquitylating activity [ xref ]."

sparser
"At the post-translational level, USP14 is phosphorylated on Ser432 by the growth-regulatory kinase AKT, which results in partial activation of its deubiquitinating activity ( xref )."

sparser
"As the proteasomal activity of USP14 is regulated by Akt-dependent phosphorylation of USP14 on S432 ( xref ), we investigated whether AKT impacts on the nuclear function of USP14."

reach
"Akt phosphorylates USP14 at the Ser432 residue, resulting in activation of its deubiquitylating activity [XREF_BIBR]."

sparser
"Phosphorylation of USP14 on Ser432 by Akt."

reach
"Phosphorylation of USP14 on Ser432 by Akt."

rlimsp
"From these results, we conclude that Ser432 of USP14 is a major phosphorylation site by Akt."

rlimsp
"Phosphorylation of USP14 on Ser432 by Akt."
AKT activates USP14.
| 8 9
AKT activates USP14. 10 / 18
| 8 9

reach
"Accordingly, when Usp14 is activated by AKT, the degradation of multiple proteins appears to be suppressed [74]."

sparser
"However, the physiological relevance of AKT-dependent activation of USP14 in the nucleus has not been examined."

sparser
"How does this relate to the observation that USP14 is activated by AKT?"

reach
"As reported, USP14 was activated by AKT,32 so the non‐effect of mTOR activator on SPAG5 indicated that it was AKT, rather than mTOR that activated USP14 and led to upregulation of SPAG5 level in HG‐treated HPCs."

reach
"Since USP14 is a negative regulator of the UPS and we found USP14 can be phosphorylated and activated by Akt, we reasoned that Akt mediated activation of USP14 might lead to inhibition of the UPS and generally enhance the stability of many proteins."

sparser
"Accordingly, when Usp14 is activated by AKT, the degradation of multiple proteins appears to be suppressed [ xref ]."

sparser
"As reported, USP14 was activated by AKT, xref so the non‐effect of mTOR activator on SPAG5 indicated that it was AKT, rather than mTOR that activated USP14 and led to upregulation of SPAG5 level in HG‐treated HPCs."

sparser
"Akt activation of USP14 has marked effects on protein turnover in cells, highlighting the physiological significance of the activity state of USP14."

sparser
"The activation of Usp14 by AKT may provide a mechanism whereby growth signals can suppress catabolism through targeting proteasome activity."

sparser
"Thus, Akt not only activates USP14 by a different mechanism than the proteasome, but it can cooperate with the proteasome to achieve more aggressive removal of ubiquitin from proteasome-docked substrates."
AKT binds USP14.
| 2
| 2

reach
"We first examined the interaction between USP14 and Akt using a co-immunoprecipitation assay."

reach
"We first confirmed that Akt interacts with USP14 and examined the interaction between radixin and USP14 using a co-immunopecipitation assay."
USP14 affects UCHL5
2 | 5 63
USP14 binds UCHL5.
2 | 3 63
2 | 3 47

No evidence text available

sparser
"This is the first report to define the effects and underlying mechanisms associated with inhibition of USP14 and UCHL5 DUB activity in WM tumour cells."

sparser
"We hypothesize that ITCs, as electrophiles, can interact with the catalytic triads (CYS, HIS and ASP) of the proteasomal cysteine deubiquitinases USP14 and UCHL5, ultimately inhibiting their activities."

sparser
"As with USP14, UCH37 is associated with oncogenesis, although this DUB has been also implicated in many different cellular processes [ xref ]."

reach
"GST-pulldown and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) assays have been applied to investigate the interactions between USP14, UCHL5, and Skp2."

sparser
"Docking results suggest that benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) and DL-Sulforaphane (SFN) are more potent inhibitors of UCHL5 than USP14, and these ITCs could interact with the catalytic triads of UCHL5 and USP14."

sparser
"b-AP15, a compound that has a similar structure as P1 and P2, has been found to inhibit the proteasome by specifically interacting with UCHL5 and USP14, resulting in an accumulation of high molecular weight poly-ubiquitinated proteins [ xref ]."

sparser
"We hypothesized that several electrophilic optical brighteners can interact with the catalytic triads (CYS, HIS, and ASP) of the proteasomal cysteine deubiquitinases (DUBs) UCHL5 and USP14 ( xref ; xref ), ultimately leading to inhibition of their activities."

sparser
"Recently, we have reported that the anti-cancer activity of copper (II) pyrithione CuPT and gold (I) complex auranofin is associated with targeting the 19S proteasome-associated deubiquitinases (DUBs), UCHL5 and USP14."

sparser
"Incubation of ZnPT at 5μM with 26S proteasomes substantially reduced UbVS binding to UCHL5 and abolished UbVS binding to USP14, and when ZnPt is increased to 50μM, UbVS binding to both UCHL5 and USP14 was abolished (Figure xref )."
USP14 binds UCHL5 and RP. 6 / 6
| 6

sparser
"Apart from the integral DUB — Rpn11, there are other pDUBs — USP14 and UCHL5, which bind transiently to the 19S RP during the degradation process [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"Similar to the mode of action exerted by b-AP15, this set of compounds inhibits activity of two DUBs, UCHL5 and USP14 that are associated with 19S RP, and do not affect non-proteasomal DUBs [ xref ]."

sparser
"Both USP14 and UCHL5 bind reversibly to the 19S RP and are implicated in cancer [48] ."

sparser
"It selectively inhibits the activity of two DUBs, UCHL5 and USP14 that are associated with 19S RP while not affecting the non-proteasomal DUBs."

sparser
"Both USP14 and UCHL5 bind reversibly to the 19S RP and are implicated in cancer [ xref ]."

sparser
"Similar to the mode of action exerted by b-AP15, this set of compounds inhibits activity of two DUBs, UCHL5 and USP14 that are associated with 19S RP, and do not affect non-proteasomal DUBs [75] ."
| 4

sparser
"USP14 is one of the three proteasome-associated deubiquitinase (DUB) enzymes, USP14 and UCHL5 being the two that are associated reversibly with the proteasome [ xref ]."

sparser
"USP14 and UCHL5 associate with the proteasome through different ubiquitin receptors, USP14 to Rpn1 at the base of the 19S RP and UCHL5 to Rpn13/ADRM1 at the top of the 19S RP [ xref ] ( xref )."

sparser
"Later, it was determined that b-AP15 targeted the proteasome-bound USP14 and UCHL5, which belong to the USP and UCH families, respectively [ xref ]."

sparser
"The HA-UbVS pull-down also isolated known DUBs interactors ( xref ) such as proteasome subunits, consistent with the known interaction of UCHL5 and USP14 with the proteasome ( xref )."
| 3

sparser
"Among these DUBs, POH1, UCHL5 and USP14 are associated with the 19S proteasome; they are often overexpressed in several carcinoma cells, which renders them potentially new therapeutic targets in these cancer cells [ xref – xref ]."

sparser
"In addition to RPN11, UCHL5 and USP14 are also associated with cell survival and cancer progession [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"There are three important DUBs associated with the 19S proteasome, the JAMM family member POH1 (also known as RPN11/pda1/S13/mpr1), the USP family member USP14 and the UCHs family member UCHL5 (also known as UCH37)."
| 3

sparser
"Indeed, Ub-VS assay confirmed the inhibitory activity of each ITC on the ubiquitin-binding activity of UCHL5 and USP14."

sparser
"Indeed, ubiquitin vinyl sulfone assay confirmed the inhibitory activity of each ITC on the ubiquitin-binding activity of UCHL5 and USP14."

sparser
"We found that FB-28 and FB-71 at 2.5 μM were able to completely inhibit the ubiquitin-binding activity of both UCHL5 and USP14, while DAST at the same concentration had only a partial inhibitory effect ( xref , top and bottom panels, lanes 3–5 vs. 1–2)."
USP14 inhibits UCHL5.
| 2
USP14 inhibits UCHL5. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"By using overexpression model of chicken UCH-L5 and b-AP15 inhibitor of UCH-L5 and USP14 [XREF_BIBR], which inhibited UCH-L5 at low molar concentration, but it did not significantly inhibit other DUBs in HD11 cells (XREF_SUPPLEMENTARY), we observed the overexpression of UCH-L5 had a negative effect on cell viability, which depended on its catalytic activity as a DUB, since if UCH-L5 overexpressing cells were treated with b-AP15 inhibitor, the cell viability was partially restored (XREF_FIG)."

reach
"We also found that inhibition of USP-14 and UCHL5 activities by the ITCs caused increased levels of USP14 and UCHL5 proteins, but not the third 19S deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB), POH1 and RPN11, suggesting feedback loop activation and further supporting that ITCs are inhibitors of proteasomal cysteine DUBs."
UCHL5 affects USP14
2 | 5 63
UCHL5 binds USP14.
2 | 3 63
2 | 3 47

No evidence text available

sparser
"This is the first report to define the effects and underlying mechanisms associated with inhibition of USP14 and UCHL5 DUB activity in WM tumour cells."

sparser
"We hypothesize that ITCs, as electrophiles, can interact with the catalytic triads (CYS, HIS and ASP) of the proteasomal cysteine deubiquitinases USP14 and UCHL5, ultimately inhibiting their activities."

sparser
"As with USP14, UCH37 is associated with oncogenesis, although this DUB has been also implicated in many different cellular processes [ xref ]."

reach
"GST-pulldown and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) assays have been applied to investigate the interactions between USP14, UCHL5, and Skp2."

sparser
"Docking results suggest that benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) and DL-Sulforaphane (SFN) are more potent inhibitors of UCHL5 than USP14, and these ITCs could interact with the catalytic triads of UCHL5 and USP14."

sparser
"b-AP15, a compound that has a similar structure as P1 and P2, has been found to inhibit the proteasome by specifically interacting with UCHL5 and USP14, resulting in an accumulation of high molecular weight poly-ubiquitinated proteins [ xref ]."

sparser
"We hypothesized that several electrophilic optical brighteners can interact with the catalytic triads (CYS, HIS, and ASP) of the proteasomal cysteine deubiquitinases (DUBs) UCHL5 and USP14 ( xref ; xref ), ultimately leading to inhibition of their activities."

sparser
"Recently, we have reported that the anti-cancer activity of copper (II) pyrithione CuPT and gold (I) complex auranofin is associated with targeting the 19S proteasome-associated deubiquitinases (DUBs), UCHL5 and USP14."

sparser
"Incubation of ZnPT at 5μM with 26S proteasomes substantially reduced UbVS binding to UCHL5 and abolished UbVS binding to USP14, and when ZnPt is increased to 50μM, UbVS binding to both UCHL5 and USP14 was abolished (Figure xref )."
USP14 binds UCHL5 and RP. 6 / 6
| 6

sparser
"Apart from the integral DUB — Rpn11, there are other pDUBs — USP14 and UCHL5, which bind transiently to the 19S RP during the degradation process [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"Similar to the mode of action exerted by b-AP15, this set of compounds inhibits activity of two DUBs, UCHL5 and USP14 that are associated with 19S RP, and do not affect non-proteasomal DUBs [ xref ]."

sparser
"Both USP14 and UCHL5 bind reversibly to the 19S RP and are implicated in cancer [48] ."

sparser
"It selectively inhibits the activity of two DUBs, UCHL5 and USP14 that are associated with 19S RP while not affecting the non-proteasomal DUBs."

sparser
"Both USP14 and UCHL5 bind reversibly to the 19S RP and are implicated in cancer [ xref ]."

sparser
"Similar to the mode of action exerted by b-AP15, this set of compounds inhibits activity of two DUBs, UCHL5 and USP14 that are associated with 19S RP, and do not affect non-proteasomal DUBs [75] ."
| 4

sparser
"USP14 is one of the three proteasome-associated deubiquitinase (DUB) enzymes, USP14 and UCHL5 being the two that are associated reversibly with the proteasome [ xref ]."

sparser
"USP14 and UCHL5 associate with the proteasome through different ubiquitin receptors, USP14 to Rpn1 at the base of the 19S RP and UCHL5 to Rpn13/ADRM1 at the top of the 19S RP [ xref ] ( xref )."

sparser
"Later, it was determined that b-AP15 targeted the proteasome-bound USP14 and UCHL5, which belong to the USP and UCH families, respectively [ xref ]."

sparser
"The HA-UbVS pull-down also isolated known DUBs interactors ( xref ) such as proteasome subunits, consistent with the known interaction of UCHL5 and USP14 with the proteasome ( xref )."
| 3

sparser
"Among these DUBs, POH1, UCHL5 and USP14 are associated with the 19S proteasome; they are often overexpressed in several carcinoma cells, which renders them potentially new therapeutic targets in these cancer cells [ xref – xref ]."

sparser
"In addition to RPN11, UCHL5 and USP14 are also associated with cell survival and cancer progession [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"There are three important DUBs associated with the 19S proteasome, the JAMM family member POH1 (also known as RPN11/pda1/S13/mpr1), the USP family member USP14 and the UCHs family member UCHL5 (also known as UCH37)."
| 3

sparser
"Indeed, Ub-VS assay confirmed the inhibitory activity of each ITC on the ubiquitin-binding activity of UCHL5 and USP14."

sparser
"Indeed, ubiquitin vinyl sulfone assay confirmed the inhibitory activity of each ITC on the ubiquitin-binding activity of UCHL5 and USP14."

sparser
"We found that FB-28 and FB-71 at 2.5 μM were able to completely inhibit the ubiquitin-binding activity of both UCHL5 and USP14, while DAST at the same concentration had only a partial inhibitory effect ( xref , top and bottom panels, lanes 3–5 vs. 1–2)."
UCHL5 inhibits USP14.
| 2
UCHL5 inhibits USP14. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"b-AP15/VLX1570 are small molecule inhibitors of the ubiquitin specific peptidase 14 (USP14) and ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 5 (UCHL5) deubiquitinases (DUBs) of the 19S proteasome."

reach
"We also found that inhibition of USP-14 and UCHL5 activities by the ITCs caused increased levels of USP14 and UCHL5 proteins, but not the third 19S deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB), POH1 and RPN11, suggesting feedback loop activation and further supporting that ITCs are inhibitors of proteasomal cysteine DUBs."

reach
"Recently, researches have revealed USP14 enhances cisplatin resistance through affecting Akt and ERK signaling pathways and accelerates cell proliferation and migration in GC."

reach
"To explore the underlying mechanism by which USP14 promotes cell proliferation in LNcap cells, we monitored the cell cycle progression of each group exposed to various concentrations of IU1 (25, 50, 100muM) and found that inhibition of USP14 activity dramatically induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest at different time points (0, 6, 12, 24, 48h) (XREF_FIG)."

reach
"USP14 has been reported to be overexpressed in LUAD and promote proliferation through the accumulation of β-catenin."

reach
"Knockdown of USP14 in HASMCs suppressed PDGF-BB-induced proliferation and migration of HASMCs."

reach
"We found that USP14 inhibition by shRNA significantly suppressed the proliferation of MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-453, MDA-MB-468, HCC1937, and MCF7 breast cancer cell lines; however USP14 knockdown did not affect the proliferation of T47D cells, which could be related to the fact that these cells express very high levels of ER and very low levels of AR."

reach
"Additionally, USP14 depletion and its inhibitor IU1 significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis in HCC, suggesting that USP14 might be a potential therapeutic target for HCC."

eidos
"Recently , researches have revealed USP14 enhances cisplatin resistance through affecting Akt / ERK signaling pathways and accelerates cell proliferation and migration in GC ( Fu et al ., 2018 ; Han K.H ."

reach
"USP14 was overexpressed in many cancers and promoted tumor cell proliferation through enhancing beta-catenin accumulation and inhibiting Bcl-xl-mediated cell apoptosis 11."

reach
"USP14 promotes NSCLC cell proliferation, which may be associated with beta-catenin accumulation."

reach
"These data suggest that knockdown of USP14 inhibits the proliferation and tumorigenesis in ESCC cells by suppressing and inhibiting the Wnt and beta-catenin signaling pathway."

reach
"We found that (i) USP14 could bind to AR, and additionally, both genetic and pharmacological inhibition of USP14 accelerated the ubiquitination and degradation of AR; (ii) downregulation or inhibition of USP14 suppressed cell proliferation and colony formation of LNcap cells and, conversely, overexpression of USP14 promoted the proliferation; and (iii) reduction or inhibition of USP14 induced G0/G1 phase arrest in LNcap prostate cancer cells."

reach
"The downregulation of USP14 significantly inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation and metastasis."

reach
"Knockdown of Ubiquitin Specific Protease 14 (USP14) Inhibits the Proliferation and Tumorigenesis in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells."

reach
"Downregulation of USP14 significantly inhibited ESCC cell proliferation and ESCC tumor growth in nude mice."

reach
"Downregulation of USP14 Suppresses the Proliferation of ESCC Cells."

reach
"The results demonstrated that downregulation of USP14 significantly inhibited the proliferation in EC109 (XREF_FIG) and TE10 cells (XREF_FIG)."

reach
"We also found that downregulation of USP14 significantly inhibited ESCC cell proliferation and ESCC tumor growth in nude mice."

reach
"Knockdown of USP14 with the lentiviral vector delivery of shRNA in human hepatocarcinoma SMMC7721 cells suppressed cell proliferation, altered the cell cycle and induced cell apoptosis."

reach
"For example, Zhu et al. reported that expression of USP14 was increased in breast cancer tissues, and downregulation of USP14 significantly inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation and metastasis XREF_BIBR."

reach
"USP14 ablation reduces cancer cell proliferation in vitro and colorectal tumorigenesis in vivo by downregulating MAPK/JNK pathway activation."
USP14 affects AR
2 1 | 34 12
USP14 binds AR.
2 | 5 12
2 | 5 12

reach
"35 The AR dependent cell cycle arrest by inhibiting USP14 prompted us to investigate the interaction between USP14 and AR."

reach
"More importantly, we observed that USP14 could bind to AR and decreased AR ubiquitination, suggesting that USP14 may be another DUB of AR (XREF_FIG)."

sparser
"We found that USP14 does not interact with AR in the nucleus under DHT stimulation (Fig. xref )."

sparser
"To detect the interaction between AR protein and USP14 protein, we performed co-IP for USP14 and AR."

sparser
"We found that (i) USP14 could bind to AR, and additionally, both genetic and pharmacological inhibition of USP14 accelerated the ubiquitination and degradation of AR; (ii) downregulation or inhibition of USP14 suppressed cell proliferation and colony formation of LNcap cells and, conversely, overexpression of USP14 promoted the proliferation; and (iii) reduction or inhibition of USP14 induced G0/G1 phase arrest in LNcap prostate cancer cells."

sparser
"More importantly, we observed that USP14 could bind to AR and decreased AR ubiquitination, suggesting that USP14 may be another DUB of AR ( xref )."

sparser
"The AR-dependent cell cycle arrest by inhibiting USP14 prompted us to investigate the interaction between USP14 and AR."

sparser
"Our research confirms that KDM4A-AS1 may inhibit the ubiquitin-mediated degradation process by stabilizing the binding of USP14 to AR or AR-Vs and leading to enzalutamide resistance in CRPC cell lines."

reach
"We found that USP14 could directly bind AR proteins (XREF_FIG)."

sparser
"In conclusion, this work has provided novel insights into the interaction between proteasome-associated DUB USP14 and AR, and the functional role of deubiquitination of AR by USP14 in AR-positive human breast cancer cells including TNBC."
USP14 activates AR.
| 6
USP14 activates AR. 6 / 9
| 6

reach
"However, IU1 did not significantly affect cell growth in the present study, which suggested that USP14 is not critical in ovarian cancer and implied the lack of USP14-mediated androgen receptor signaling in ovarian cancer progression [22, 23]."

reach
"Nevertheless, loss of USP14 reduced the volume of nuclear AR under DHT stimulation, which may result from the reduction of cellular AR after USP14 silencing."

reach
"Collectively, the results show that USP14 regulates the total AR level but not AR translocation, and mediates the responsiveness of AR + / ER - breast cancer to androgen."

reach
"Our gene expression analyses of androgen responsive prostate cancer cells exposed to IU1 or USP14 siRNA show a downregulation of PSA but not AR mRNA expression, suggesting that USP14 might not enhance the transcriptional activity of AR."

reach
"Thus we present a hypothesis that USP14 increases AR by inhibiting AR degradation, not by promoting AR transcription."

reach
"In addition, western blot analysis and immunofluorescent staining assay indicated that USP14 silencing significantly downregulated the abundance of AR in both the nucleus and cytoplasm under androgen stimulation, suggesting that cytosolic USP14 is not required for AR translocation and that USP14 silencing induced decrease of nuclear AR could be due to the decrease of total AR protein."
USP14 increases the amount of AR.
| 7
USP14 increases the amount of AR. 4 / 4
| 4

reach
"In the rescue experiments, IU1 induced AR downregulation can be reversed by proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (Velcade), suggesting that reduction of AR protein levels by the inhibition of USP14 depends on proteasome activity."

reach
"Indeed, we found that inhibition or reduction of USP14 dramatically decreased the protein levels of AR and PSA (a target gene of AR)."

reach
"We found that dual inhibitors of USP14 and UCHL5 such as b-AP15 [XREF_BIBR] and auranofin [XREF_BIBR] reduced AR protein level in both prostate and breast cancer cells."

reach
"We found that similar to USP14 shRNA, inhibition of USP14 by IU1 also significantly decreased AR protein level in breast cancer cells, supporting the conclusion that proteasomal DUB USP14 regulates the expression of AR in breast cancer cells."
Modified USP14 increases the amount of AR. 3 / 3
| 3

reach
"Indeed, both pharmacological and genetic inhibition of USP14 markedly reduced, and conversely USP14 overexpression increased, the steady state protein levels of AR and its target gene PSA in LNcap cells (XREF_FIG)."

reach
"Loss of USP14 expression and function dramatically decreased AR level, blocked G 0 / G 1 to S phase transition, and triggered cell apoptosis in AR + breast cancer cells, suggesting that targeting USP14/AR axis could be a potential strategy for TNBC therapy."

reach
"Conversely, overexpression of USP14 increased the expression of AR and PSA and decreased the expression of MDM2 and its phosphorylation (XREF_FIG)."
USP14 deubiquitinates AR.
1 | 6
USP14 deubiquitinates AR. 7 / 7
1 | 6

reach
"USP14 inhibits AR ubiquitination and subsequent degradation in both prostate and breast cancer cells [77, 78]."

reach
"Treatment of control MDA-MB-453 (either scramble shRNA or parental) cells with CHX for up to 12h caused decreased levels of AR, suggesting a contribution of AR protein synthesis to endogenous AR protein levels; however, co-treatment of CHX and USP14 shRNA or IU1 resulted more rapid decrease in levels of endogenous AR protein, strongly suggest that deubiquitination of AR protein by USP14 is essential for its protein stability."

reach
"As a deubiquitinating enzyme, USP14 has previously been reported to enhance the deubiquitination of AR and resist the binding of MDM2, but the specific mechanism is still unclear and needs further exploration."

reach
"In addition, reduction of UCHL5 by its siRNA did not affect the expression of AR, suggesting that USP14 but not UCHL5 recruited on the19S proteasome plays a selective role in the deubiquitination of AR."

reach
"We found that IU1 and USP14 knockdown dramatically increased levels of ubiquitinated and K48 ubiquitinated AR, suggesting that USP14 is an AR DUB, capable of deubiquitinating and thereby stabilizing AR protein."

"Additionally, both genetic and pharmacological inhibition of USP14 significantly suppressed cell proliferation in AR-responsive breast cancer cells by blocking G0/G1 to S phase transition and inducing apoptosis."

reach
"Moreover, AR overexpression inhibited USP14 inhibition induced events, suggesting that AR deubiquitination by USP14 is critical for breast cancer growth and USP14 inhibition is a possible strategy to treat AR positive breast cancer."
USP14 inhibits AR.
| 5
USP14 inhibits AR. 4 / 5
| 4

reach
"Hence, we proposed that inhibition or silence of USP14 induced AR downregulation is through enhancing the degradation of AR."

reach
"We found that both IU1 and USP14 siRNA dramatically decreased the PSA mRNA but not the AR mRNA, indicating that USP14 inhibition or gene silence does not affect the transcription of AR (XREF_FIG)."

reach
"Both genetic knockdown and pharmacological inhibition of USP14 inhibits the proliferation and induces the apoptosis of AR-positive breast cancer cells (Table 2)."

reach
"We therefore hypothesized that inhibition or silencing of USP14 could induce AR downregulation through enhancing AR degradation."
USP14 inhibits ubiquitinated AR. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"We found that IU1 and USP14 knockdown dramatically increased the ubiquitinated AR (XREF_FIG), suggesting that USP14 is a DUB for AR, capable of reversing the ubiquitination of AR and thereby stabilizing AR proteins."
USP14 ubiquitinates AR.
| 5
USP14 leads to the ubiquitination of AR. 5 / 5
| 5

reach
"However, multi‐center‐based investigation is needed for further validation of its predictive value.It has been shown that silencing of USP14 could block the cell cycle progression and elicit caspase‐dependent apoptosis in MM cells.13 Also, inhibition of USP14 led to G0/G1 arrest by accelerating the ubiquitination and degradation of AR in prostate cancer cells."

reach
"USP14 inhibits the ubiquitination and degradation of AR."

reach
"Consistently, genetic and pharmacological inhibition of USP14 was shown to promote the ubiquitination and degradation of AR and retard the growth of PC cells by arresting them in the G0/G1 phase (Table 2) (Liao et al., 2017)."

reach
"USP14 has been reported to compete with MDM2 to bind to AR and prevent the ubiquitination and degradation of AR [37]."

reach
"We found that (i) USP14 could bind to AR, and additionally, both genetic and pharmacological inhibition of USP14 accelerated the ubiquitination and degradation of AR; (ii) downregulation or inhibition of USP14 suppressed cell proliferation and colony formation of LNcap cells and, conversely, overexpression of USP14 promoted the proliferation; and (iii) reduction or inhibition of USP14 induced G0/G1 phase arrest in LNcap prostate cancer cells."
Ubiquitin affects USP14
| 8 35
Ubiquitin binds USP14.
| 5 34
| 1 28

sparser
"When Usp14 binds a substrate or Ub aldehyde, the orientation of its C-terminal region undergoes changes in its structure ( xref ; xref )."

sparser
"Structural and biochemical data pointed that IU1 and its analogs bind competitively with the ubiquitin C-terminus to the catalytic active site of USP14 through a previously unknown steric blockade mechanism."

sparser
"Gate opening occurs following the association of proteasome-associated USP14 with ubiquitin conjugates ( Peth et al., 2009 ), supporting the idea that deubiquitination and degradation are dynamic even[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

sparser
"Comparison of the crystal structures for the free and Ub bound catalytic core domain of USP14 suggests that the enzyme is activated by conformational translocation of two enzyme surface loops, which block access of the Ub C-terminus to the active site in the free enzyme ( xref )."

sparser
"In the USP14/ubiquitin-aldehyde complex, where the ubiquitin C terminus is covalently bound to the site cysteine and only one C-terminal oxygen is present, Asn108 (Asn218 in USP2) interacts with the h[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

sparser
"They found that the conformation of the Ub β1–β2 loop is important for the Ub binding to USP14."

sparser
"Inhibition of USP14 induces the K63-linked ubiquitination of PRV VP16, where USP14 directly binds to ubiquitin chains on VP16 through its UBL domain during the early stage of viral infection."

sparser
"It is also a reversible non‐selective competitive inhibitor of USP14, targeting the formation of UbUSP14 or Ub‐UCHL5 conjugates. xref  This is achieved by inhibiting the enzymatic activity of USP14 and UCHL5, and VLX1570 shows significant anti‐cancer impact in multiple myeloma and Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. xref Anchored in these findings, a phase 1/2 trial evaluating the efficacy and tolerability of VLX1570 in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma is currently under way (NCT02372240). xref "

sparser
"Further study will be required to determine if proteasome-bound USP14 can interact with K63-linked ubiquitin chains or, alternatively, whether USP14’s DUB activity can be stimulated by a novel binding partner, allowing it to be active when not bound to the proteasome."

sparser
"Usp14 binds ubiquitin using its Fingers domain and a binding groove between the Palm and Thumb domains."
| 3

sparser
"Indeed, Ub-VS assay confirmed the inhibitory activity of each ITC on the ubiquitin-binding activity of UCHL5 and USP14."

sparser
"Indeed, ubiquitin vinyl sulfone assay confirmed the inhibitory activity of each ITC on the ubiquitin-binding activity of UCHL5 and USP14."

sparser
"We found that FB-28 and FB-71 at 2.5 μM were able to completely inhibit the ubiquitin-binding activity of both UCHL5 and USP14, while DAST at the same concentration had only a partial inhibitory effect ( xref , top and bottom panels, lanes 3–5 vs. 1–2)."

reach
"In the USP14/ubiquitin-aldehyde complex, where the ubiquitin C terminus is covalently bound to the site cysteine and only one C-terminal oxygen is present, Asn108 (Asn218 in USP2) interacts with the hydroxyl of the thiohemiacetal, while Asn111 (Asn221 in USP2) makes no specific interactions and is rotated away from the active site."

reach
"However, as the USP14/ubiquitin-aldehyde complex (Hu et al., 2005) has been solved at significantly lower resolution than the corresponding complex with USP7 (3."

reach
"A similar structural identity exists between USP2 and USP14, where 256 Calpha positions can be aligned with an rmsd of 1.43 A. However, as the USP14, ubiquitin, and aldehyde complex (Hu et al., 2005) [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

reach
"In the USP14, ubiquitin, and aldehyde complex, where the ubiquitin C terminus is covalently bound to the site cysteine and only one C-terminal oxygen is present, Asn108 (Asn218 in USP2) interacts with[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
| 2

sparser
"Here, we compare the structure of the PL pro -Ub complex with those of the USP2-Ub (PDB entry 2hd5; Renatus et al., 2006) , USP14-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 2ayo; Hu et al., 2005) and HAUSP-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 1nbf; Hu et al., 2002) complexes ( Supplementary Fig. S6 )."

sparser
"Only approximately 1000 Å 2 of the surface area of PL pro (640 Å 2 by the Ub core and 360 Å 2 by the Ub C-terminus) is buried in the interface, which is smaller than in the USP2-Ub (1900 Å 2 ; Supplementary Fig. S6b ), USP14-Ub aldehyde (1500 Å 2 ; Supplementary Fig. S6c ) and HAUSP-Ub aldehyde (1700 Å 2 ) complexes."
| 1

sparser
"Here, we compare the structure of the PL pro -Ub complex with those of the USP2-Ub (PDB entry 2hd5; Renatus et al., 2006) , USP14-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 2ayo; Hu et al., 2005) and HAUSP-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 1nbf; Hu et al., 2002) complexes ( Supplementary Fig. S6 )."
Ubiquitin activates USP14.
| 3 1
| 3 1

reach
"On the substrate-engaged pathway, ubiquitin-dependent activation of USP14 allosterically reprograms the conformational landscape of the AAA-ATPase motor and stimulates opening of the core particle gate 8-10 , enabling observation of a near-complete cycle of asymmetric ATP hydrolysis around the ATPase ring during processive substrate unfolding."

sparser
"On the substrate-engaged pathway, ubiquitin-dependent activation of USP14 allosterically reprograms the conformational landscape of the AAA-ATPase motor and stimulates opening of the core particle gate 8-10 , enabling observation of a near-complete cycle of asymmetric ATP hydrolysis around the ATPase ring during processive substrate unfolding."

reach
"Intriguingly, Ub deficiency induced the upregulation of USP14 in mammals (Ryu KY, unpublished data) and Ubp6 in yeast XREF_BIBR, thereby sparing Ub from proteasomal degradation and increasing levels of free Ub in an attempt to reach Ub homeostasis."

reach
"Ubiquitin promotes the Ubp6 and Usp14 noncatalytic effect [52,56-58]."
| 3 36
| 3 21

reach
"We found that USP14 inhibition significantly induced apoptosis, as evident by PARP cleavage, and downregulation of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, in AR + / ER - breast cancer, and moderately induced apoptosis in AR + / ER + MCF7 cells."

reach
"USP14 was discovered to negatively regulate cell apoptosis by interacting with Bcl-xl and upregulating its level."

reach
"Thus, knockdown of USP14 sensitized GC cells to cisplatin by triggering cisplatin-induced apoptosis via impeding Akt and ERK signaling pathways."

reach
"Inhibition of USP14 causes G 0 / G 1 arrest and apoptosis in breast cancer cells."

reach
"Flow cytometry revealed that the reduced expression of USP14 induced the apoptosis of the SKOV3 EOC cells."

reach
"b-AP15, a small molecule inhibitor of two 19S regulatory-particle-associated deubiquitinases, USP14 and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase 5, could efficiently induce cell apoptosis or cell death in colorectal cancer cell line HCT116.24 In addition, b-AP15 can suppress the growth of FaDu squamous cell carcinoma cells.25 Our stratified survival analysis indicated that high USP14 expression could distinguish poor outcomes of patients with either early (TNM stage I-II) or advanced clinical stage (TNM stage III-IV), suggesting that USP14 may play a significant role throughout the development of ESCC."

reach
"Pharmacologic inhibition of USP14 and UCHL5 with VLX1570 induces apoptosis in drug resistant WM cells and is associated with accumulation of high-molecular-weight polyubiquitinated protein conjugates."

reach
"Overexpression of USP14 could enhance proliferation, prevent apoptosis and promote invasion and migration of PDAC cells."

eidos
"19 In addition , small USP14 inhibitors , such as WP1130 , b-AP15 , AC17 , and pyrithione , could dramatically suppressed cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis in various malignancies.9 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 However , we did not observe any disturbed biological process , such as cell cycle progression , cell proliferation , and apoptosis , in USP14-deficient GC cells , although silencing of USP14 dramatically inhibited Akt and ERK signaling pathways ."

reach
"The USP14 has been used to inhibit proteasomal function inducing apoptotic cell death in cancers [39]."
Modified USP14 inhibits apoptotic process. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Loss of USP14 expression and function dramatically decreased AR level, blocked G 0 / G 1 to S phase transition, and triggered cell apoptosis in AR + breast cancer cells, suggesting that targeting USP14/AR axis could be a potential strategy for TNBC therapy."
| 15

reach
"However, this event was markedly abolished by ATG5 knockdown, subsequently restoring the cell proliferation in IR incubated OSCC cells.Finally, we found that USP14 mediated apoptosis was autophagy dependent in IR treated OSCC cells."

reach
"Our recent study exemplifies the feasibility of such an approach : specifically, we showed that blockade of 19S associated DUBs USP14 and UCHL5 with a small-molecule inhibitor (bAP15 and VLX1570) induces apoptosis in MM cells and overcome bortezomib resistance, with a favorable toxicity profile."

reach
"Together, this confirmed that USP14 knockdown could resist OSCC cell apoptosis induced by b-AP15 treatment, which indicated that USP14 might be involved in b-AP15-induced apoptosis, further demonstrat[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

reach
"The combination of enzalutamide, a nonsteroidal antiandrogen, with either knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of USP14 promotes arrest of cell cycle progression and induces apoptosis (Xia et al. 2019)."

reach
"Interestingly, TgT by itself stimulated apoptosis, but only in adult cells."

reach
"The overexpression of USP14 in USP14 low expression cell lines promoted cell proliferation and migration, whereas USP14 downregulation suppressed tumor cell proliferation, decreased tumor cell colony number, increased apoptosis rate, and decreased cell migration and invasion."

reach
"In addition, b-AP15, a novel inhibitor of USP14, selectively blocks the deubiquitylating activity of USP14, decreases viability and inhibits proliferation of MM cells, which is associated with growth [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

reach
"Together, it was suggested that SPAG5‐AS1 stabilized SPAG5 protein through interacting with USP14 in HG‐treated HPCs, and that USP14 and AKT/mTOR formed a positive feedback loop.3.7 SPAG5-AS1 promoted apoptosis and attenuated autophagy in HG-treated HPCs through SPAG5/AKT/mTOR pathway."

reach
"The PPAR-gamma agonist TgT attenuated MEHP mediated suppression of apoptosis and stimulation of oxidative metabolism by neonatal neutrophils."

reach
"We previously confirmed that a specific USP14 and UCH37 inhibitor b-AP15 4 inhibited tumor cell growth and induced apoptosis and in vitro (data not shown)."
IU1 affects USP14
| 4 33 2
IU1 inhibits USP14.
| 3 24 1
IU1 inhibits USP14. 10 / 28
| 3 24 1

reach
"IU1 is a specific inhibitor of USP14 vs. other human DUBs including 19S proteasome DUBs, which is also able to enhance the proteasome activity [XREF_BIBR]."

reach
"The small-molecule IU1 inhibits specifically USP14 with an IC 50 of 4-5 microM [XREF_BIBR]."

reach
"Superimposition of USP14 -IU1 with USP14-Ubal demonstrated that IU1 inhibits USP14 by blocking the entrance of the ubiquitin C-terminus into the thumb-palm cleft where the catalytic center is buried (Figure 4A) (Wang et al., 2018)."

eidos
"IU1 inhibits USP14 by preventing its docking on the proteasome and increases K63-ubiqutination of Beclin1 ( ref ."

reach
"USP14 inhibition by either IU1 or specific shRNA dramatically decreased the colony formation of MDA-MB-453 and MDA-MB-231 cells after 2 weeks; however, the identical experimental conditions had little or no inhibitory effect on T47D colonies."

reach
"Similar to the effect of Usp14 knockout, wild-type MEFs treated with IU1 showed significantly reduced LRP6 phosphorylation (XREF_FIG)."

reach
"IU1 is an inhibitor of the proteasome associated DUB Usp14."

reach
"A compound (IU1) has been identified to specifically inhibit USP14."

reach
"Lee and his colleagues showed that IU1 specifically inhibits USP14 activity of the proteasome and thereby enhances proteasomal degradation of the substrates [78]."
| PMC

reach
"The small molecule inhibitor of USP14, IU1, was identified by high-throughput screening, and found to enhance proteasomal degradation of target substrates in vitro and in vivo7."
IU1 activates USP14.
| 1 5
IU1 activates USP14. 6 / 6
| 1 5

reach
"To verify whether this shRNA effect is dependent on inhibition of the deubiquitinating activity of USP14, we used IU1, a potent pharmacological inhibitor that selectively inhibits USP14 by preventing its docking on the proteasome [XREF_BIBR], and tested the effect of USP14 inhibition by IU1 on the AR expression in breast cancer cells."

reach
"Consistent with these findings, the Wnt3a CM induced expression of Wnt target genes, such as Nkd1 and Lef1, was significantly impaired in Usp14 -/- MEFs or wild-type MEFs treated with IU1 (XREF_FIG)."

reach
"Notably, IU1 only promoted degradation in Usp14 murine embryonic fibroblasts but not in Usp14 cells, suggesting that this compound functions specifically through USP14."

reach
"By inhibiting the deubiquitinating activity of USP14, IU1 would presumably prevent the rescue of some ubiquitinated neurotoxic proteins at the proteasome (such as tau and ataxin-3), leading to their degradation."

eidos
"The inhibitor IU1 blocks the activity of USP14 only in the presence of the proteasome , suggesting that it binds only to the activated enzyme ."

reach
"When usp14 -/- MEFs were treated with IU1, no effect on Tau was observed, indicating that IU1 enhances Tau degradation through inhibiting Usp14 (XREF_FIG)."
IU1 binds USP14.
| 4 1
USP14 binds IU1. 5 / 5
| 4 1

reach
"IU1 and its analogs can bound to USP14 and prevent the C-terminus of ubiquitin from approaching the catalytic center55."

sparser
"The co-crystal structures indicated some important key interactions between IU1 and USP14, including a unique and delicate π-π stacking interaction, which were validated by protein point mutations and inhibitor SAR analysis."

reach
"The mechanism of action of IU1 is different from bortezomib, which inhibits the activity of the entire proteasome, whereas IU1 binds specifically and inhibits USP14 (Lim et al., 2016)."

reach
"Herein, we report the high-resolution co-crystal structures of the catalytic domain of USP14 bound to IU1 and three IU1 derivatives."

reach
"Subsequently, we performed the design and optimization of new IU1-series inhibitors, including IU1-206, based on the structural information of the interaction between IU1 and USP14 (Figure 4A)."
USP14 affects proteolysis
| 2 32 1
USP14 inhibits proteolysis.
| 2 20
| 2 20

reach
"Thus, the presence of Usp14 on the 26S helps reduce wasteful ATP consumption and nonselective proteolysis."

reach
"In contrast, RNAi of Uch37 or Usp14 had no detectable effect on cell growth, proteasome structure or proteolytic capacity, but accelerated cellular protein degradation."

reach
"The RNAi of UCHL5 or USP14 alone does not affect cell growth and proteasome composition but accelerates cellular protein degradation; however, RNAi of both UCHL5 and USP14 can inhibit cellular protein degradation."

reach
"We also found enhanced expression of transcripts encoding two ubiquitin-specific proteases (Table 2), including USP14 that suppresses protein degradation through deubiquitination of proteasome substrates, non-catalytic inhibition of proteasome activity, and by regulating autophagy (de Poot et al. 2017; Xu et al. 2016)."

reach
"Interestingly, b-AP15, a dual inhibitor of Usp14 and Uch37, was shown to prevent protein degradation and inhibit tumor progression in acute myeloid leukemia models [222]."

reach
"Importantly, whereas knockdown of POH1 interferes with the proteasome assembly, depletion of either USP14 or UCH37 alone does not affect or even slightly enhances protein degradation rates."

reach
"A study conducted in 2010 showed that USP14 inhibits protein degradation by the proteasome in murine embryonic fibroblasts."
| PMC

reach
"RNAi of either Uch37 or USP14 (the mammalian homologue of yeast Ubp6) accelerates protein degradation."

eidos
"USP14 , one member of the ubiquitin-specific proteases DUBs family , is associated with the proteasome complex and inhibits proteolysis by catalyzing protein deubiquitination ( 14 ) ."

reach
"USP14 regulates proteasome activity and pharmacologic inhibition of USP14 increases the rate of protein degradation in the cell XREF_BIBR."
USP14 activates proteolysis.
| 12 1
| 12 1

reach
"Indeed, an inhibitor of the deubiquitinating enzyme Usp14 enhances proteasomal protein degradation and leads to the clearance of protein aggregates in human cells [XREF_BIBR]."

reach
"USP14 inhibition both by either drug like IU1 or siRNA silencing has been confirmed to accelerate protein degradation XREF_BIBR XREF_BIBR, which has also been confirmed in this report; USP14 silencing also affected CuPT induced GFPu protein degradation."

reach
"Thus, therapeutic inhibition of USP14 may promote protein degradation through UPS and autophagy pathways simultaneously."

reach
"We also found enhanced expression of transcripts encoding two ubiquitin specific proteases, including USP14 that suppresses protein degradation through deubiquitination of proteasome substrates, non catalytic inhibition of proteasome activity, and by regulating autophagy."

reach
"The RNAi of UCHL5 or USP14 alone does not affect cell growth and proteasome composition but accelerates cellular protein degradation; however, RNAi of both UCHL5 and USP14 can inhibit cellular protein degradation."

reach
"The ability of USP14 to prevail over the proteasome in a kinetic competition may explain the suppression of protein degradation by USP14 's deubiquitinating activity 3."

reach
"RNAi of both Uch37 and Usp14 also had no effect on proteasome structure or proteolytic capacity, but inhibited cellular protein degradation."

sparser
"Conversely, USP14 might also activate proteolysis by degrading ubiquitin chains on target proteins and thereby enhance gate opening of the 20S proteasome ( xref )."

reach
"SiRNA interference studies on the three DUBs in cancer cells suggested that RNAi of USP14 can inhibit cellular protein degradation [XREF_BIBR]."

reach
"Thus, Usp14 and Ubp6 appears to suppress protein degradation through three mechanisms : deubiquitination of proteasome substrates, the " noncatalytic effect, " which operates directly on the proteasom[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
USP14 affects CXCR4
2 1 | 13 13
USP14 binds CXCR4.
2 | 4 13
2 | 4 11

sparser
"CXCL12, a CXCR4 agonist, induces a time-dependent association of USP14 with CXCR4, or its C terminus, that is not mimicked by USP2A, USP4, or USP7, other members of the deubiquitination catalytic family."

sparser
"This study verified that CXCL12 incubation of HEK293 cells stably expressing the receptor and transiently expressing HA-USP14 leads to a time-dependent association of USP14 with CXCR4 ( xref )."

reach
"Of further interest was our finding that USP14 interaction with CXCR4 is relatively selective, compared with other members of the USP family, including USP2a, USP4, and USP7, which were evaluated using the same experimental strategy (XREF_FIG)."

sparser
"We were curious whether CXCL12 activation of CXCR4 might lead to redistribution of USP14 to CXCR4-containing membrane compartments, consistent with the ligand- and time-dependent association of USP14 with CXCR4 noted in xref ."

sparser
"A proteomics study revealed that the steady state level of USP14 was increased upon CXCL12 stimulation of target cells ( xref ), and preliminary studies revealed that ligand stimulation led to enhanced association of USP14 with the CXCR4."

sparser
"These data are consistent with the interpretation that not only does USP14 associate with CXCR4 in a ligand-modulated fashion (as in xref ), but also that USP14 recognizes this receptor as a substrate for deubiquitination."

reach
"The physical interaction of CXCR4 and USP14 is paralleled by USP14 catalyzed deubiquitination of the receptor; knockdown of endogenous USP14 by RNA interference (RNAi) blocks CXCR4 deubiquitination, whereas overexpression of USP14 promotes CXCR4 deubiquitination."

reach
"In summary, our findings demonstrate that CXCL12 activation of the CXCR4 leads to a dynamic ubiquitination and deubiquitination cycle and that USP14 preferentially interacts with and deubiquitinates CXCR4."

sparser
"CXCL12 Activation Leads to a Time-dependent Association of USP14 with CXCR4 —A previous series of experiments revealed the possibility that USP14 was a CXCR4-interacting protein ( xref )."

sparser
"USP14 interaction with CXCR4 is not mimicked by other deubiquitinating enzymes of the USP family evaluated, including USP2a, USP4, and USP7 ( xref )."
| 2

sparser
"Receptor deubiquitination is paralleled by CXCL12-dependent association of USP14 with CXCR4, an interaction that occurs, at least in part, via the C terminus of the receptor."

sparser
"This co-localization was more readily detected at 5 min when compared with a 60-min exposure to CXCL12, which is also consistent with the time course for CXCL12-induced association of CXCR4 with USP14 described in xref ."
USP14 deubiquitinates CXCR4.
1 | 8
USP14 deubiquitinates CXCR4. 7 / 7
1 | 6

reach
"These data suggest that the USP14 gene product indeed serves as a catalyst to deubiquitinate the CXCR4, because when its expression is reduced there is a reciprocal increase in CXCR4 ubiquitination."

"Co-localization of CXCR4 and USP14 also is time-dependent following CXCL12 stimulation."

reach
"Deubiquitination of CXCR4 by USP14 would thus be expected to reduce the rate of ligand accelerated receptor degradation and result in an increased steady state level of receptors."

reach
"Deubiquitination of CXCR4 by USP14 Is Critical for Both CXCL12 induced CXCR4 Degradation and Chemotaxis but Not ERK Activation *."

reach
"The physical interaction of CXCR4 and USP14 is paralleled by USP14 catalyzed deubiquitination of the receptor; knockdown of endogenous USP14 by RNA interference (RNAi) blocks CXCR4 deubiquitination, whereas overexpression of USP14 promotes CXCR4 deubiquitination."

reach
"In summary, our findings demonstrate that CXCL12 activation of the CXCR4 leads to a dynamic ubiquitination and deubiquitination cycle and that USP14 preferentially interacts with and deubiquitinates CXCR4."

reach
"Deubiquitination of CXCR4 by USP14 is critical for both CXCL12 induced CXCR4 degradation and chemotaxis but not ERK ativation."
Modified USP14 leads to the deubiquitination of CXCR4. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Overexpression of USP14 promotes CXCR4 deubiquitination and allows it to escape degradation [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."

reach
"The physical interaction of CXCR4 and USP14 is paralleled by USP14 catalyzed deubiquitination of the receptor; knockdown of endogenous USP14 by RNA interference (RNAi) blocks CXCR4 deubiquitination, whereas overexpression of USP14 promotes CXCR4 deubiquitination."
USP14 inhibits CXCR4.
| 1
USP14 inhibits CXCR4. 1 / 2
| 1

reach
"Overexpression of USP14 dramatically reduced CXCR4 mediated chemotaxis (XREF_FIG)."
USP14 affects BECN1
1 | 12 16
USP14 binds BECN1.
| 4 15
| 4 9

sparser
"Interestingly, 6-Gingerol treatment significantly suppressed USP14 expression, indicating that 6-Gingerol promoted autophagy effected by inhibition of USP14-Beclin 1."

reach
"To characterize interaction between USP14 and Beclin 1, we generated truncated mutants of Beclin 1."

sparser
"Immunoprecipitation was performed and we found that BECN1 could interact with USP14 ( xref xref ))."

sparser
"To characterize interaction between USP14 and Beclin 1, we generated truncated mutants of Beclin 1 (Figure xref A)."

reach
"Binding of USP14 with Beclin 1 was significantly abolished upon deletion of its CC domain, suggesting that the CC domain of Beclin 1 was important for the interaction."

sparser
"Thus, the USP14–UVRAG axis has an opposite effect to the USP14BECN1 axis."

sparser
"Notably, 6-Gin treatment significantly supressed USP14 expression, indicating that 6-Gin promoted autophagy effects by inhibition of USP14-Beclin 1, which was consistent with previous study ( xref )."

sparser
"However, the study does not provide any evidence for the catalytic role of USP14 and instead suggests that the interaction of Beclin1 with USP14 inhibit TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination of Beclin1 [ xref ]."

sparser
"However, the study does not provide any evidence for the catalytic role of USP14 and instead suggests that the interaction of Beclin1 with USP14 inhibit TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination of Beclin1 [73]."

sparser
"Binding of USP14 with Beclin 1 was significantly abolished upon deletion of its CC domain (Figure xref B, lane 3), suggesting that the CC domain of Beclin 1 was important for the interaction (Figure xref B in Supplementary Material)."
| 6

sparser
"In this study, we demonstrated that USP14 and Beclin 1 competitively interacted with the CC domain of TRAF6."

sparser
"These results demonstrate that USP14 and Beclin 1 interact with the CC domain of TRAF6 while TRAF6 and USP14 interacted with the CC domain of Beclin 1 as depicted in Figure xref F."

sparser
"As depicted in Figure xref C, these results suggest that USP14 and Beclin 1 can competitively interact with the CC domain of TRAF6 and inhibit TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination of Beclin 1."

sparser
"Interestingly, biochemical studies in the present study revealed that USP14 and Beclin 1 competitively interacted with the CC domain of TRAF6."

sparser
"Taken together, these results suggest that USP14 and Beclin 1 can competitively interact with the CC domain of TRAF6 and inhibit TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination of Beclin 1, leading to decreased autophagy induction as depicted in Figure xref in Supplementary Material."

sparser
"Based on these previous findings, we hypothesized that the suppression of Beclin 1 ubiquitination by USP14 might be critically associated with TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination in both autophagy and TLR4-mediated signaling."
USP14 ubiquitinates BECN1.
| 3 1
USP14 leads to the ubiquitination of BECN1. 4 / 4
| 3 1

reach
"USP14 negatively regulates autophagy by cleaving the Lys63-ubiquitin chains and deubiquitylating beclin 1 71."

reach
"USP14 interacted with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and interrupted the association of Beclin 1 with TRAF6, leading to inhibition of TRAF6 mediated ubiquitination of Beclin 1."

sparser
"Based on these previous findings, we hypothesized that the suppression of Beclin 1 ubiquitination by USP14 might be critically associated with TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination in both autophagy and TLR4-mediated signaling."

reach
"Taken together, our data demonstrate that USP14 can negatively regulate autophagy induction by inhibiting Beclin 1 ubiquitination, interrupting association between TRAF6 and Beclin 1, and affecting TLR4 induced activation of NF-kappaB through deubiquitination of TAB 2 protein."
USP14 inhibits BECN1.
| 3
USP14 inhibits BECN1. 3 / 4
| 3

reach
"According to this observation, it was shown that USP14 suppresses the activity of Beclin1 complex and induction of autophagy by interacting with and controlling K63- rather than K48 linked ubiquitin chains of Beclin1 [XREF_BIBR]."

reach
"Although the role of USP14 can not be completely ruled out as a proteasome associated DUB enzyme that can affect the expression of TRAF6, these results suggest that USP14 inhibits the interaction of Beclin 1 to TRAF6 through the competitive interaction to TRAF6 with Beclin 1."

reach
"Nevertheless, the precise molecular mechanism by which USP14 suppresses Beclin 1 remains unclear."
USP14 deubiquitinates BECN1.
1 | 2
USP14 deubiquitinates BECN1. 3 / 3
1 | 2

reach
"The deubiquitination of BECLIN 1 by USP14 inhibits the PtdIns3P production of VPS34."

reach
"Based on these previous findings, we hypothesized that the suppression of Beclin 1 ubiquitination by USP14 might be critically associated with TRAF6 mediated ubiquitination in both autophagy and TLR4 mediated signaling."

"USP14 regulates autophagy by suppressing K63 ubiquitination of Beclin 1"
USP14 affects FASN
| 24 3
USP14 decreases the amount of FASN.
| 9
USP14 decreases the amount of FASN. 9 / 9
| 9

reach
"Surprisingly, USP14 rather reduced the protein levels and activity of FASN in cancer cells, although it slightly inhibited the ubiquitination of FASN."
| PMC

reach
"However, inhibition of both FASN and USP14 had no significant synergistic effect on cancer cell proliferation and, surprisingly, it was confirmed that USP14 negatively regulates the protein level and activity of FASN in cancer cells."
| PMC

reach
"In LNCaP, MCF7 (human breast cancer cell), and A549 cell (human lung cancer cell), endogenous FASN protein levels were increased by USP14 knockdown contrary to the results in MPHs (Figure 2a)."
| PMC

reach
"Surprisingly, USP14 rather reduced the protein levels and activity of FASN in cancer cells, although it slightly inhibited the ubiquitination of FASN."

reach
"Therefore, these findings demonstrated that USP14 negatively regulates protein levels and activity of FASN in cancer cells."
| PMC

reach
"USP14 Negatively Regulates the Levels and Activity of FASN in Cancer Cells."
| PMC

reach
"In addition, USP14 overexpression reduced the FASN protein level in cancer cells (Figure 2b)."
| PMC

reach
"In future studies, the investigation of alterations in the transduction pathway of USP14 and FASN using transcriptomic analysis is warranted to understand not only the interaction between the two proteins but also the correlation of the interactomes.Taken together, the results reveal that USP14 negatively regulates FASN levels unexpectedly in the cancer cells, and as a result, inhibition of USP14 was not conducive to cancer cell death through inhibition of FASN."
| PMC

reach
"Contrary to what we saw in the hippocampi, loss of USP14 reduced the levels of FASN, RELA, and CTNNB1 but did not alter the level of SNAP23 in the livers of the ax mice (Figure 7c,d)."
USP14 increases the amount of FASN.
| 4
USP14 increases the amount of FASN. 4 / 4
| 4

reach
"We, therefore, screened a panel of DUBs by transfecting the cDNA plasmids of 36 DUBs into 293T cells, and found USP2, USP14, USP22, and USP30 upregulated FASN levels (Fig. S2A)."

reach
"Contrary to what we saw in the hippocampi, loss of USP14 reduced the levels of FASN, RELA, and CTNNB1 but did not alter the level of SNAP23 in the livers of the ax mice (Figure 7c,d)."

reach
"Inhibition of USP14 by IU1 or siRNAs targeting USP14 did not reduce FASN levels but rather increased FASN levels and activity in cancer cells."
| PMC

reach
"As the previous proteomics study used shRNA knockdown of USP14 in the liver to show that USP14 deficiency decreased the level of FASN (Liu et al., 2018), we also examined the level of these potential USP14 substrates in the liver of the ax mice as a control for these studies."
USP14 binds FASN.
| 1 3
| 1 3

reach
"Taken together, these results indicated that FASN binds to USP14 but may not be a direct substrate of USP14, and the expression level of USP14 is more important in modulating FASN levels than the activity of USP14 in cancer cells."
| PMC

sparser
"In mouse primary hepatocytes (MPH), FASN was detected in the anti-USP14 but not immunoglobulin G (IgG) immunoprecipitates from the cell lysate, suggesting the interaction of endogenous USP14 with FASN (Fig.  xref )."

sparser
"Taken together, these results indicated that FASN binds to USP14 but may not be a direct substrate of USP14, and the expression level of USP14 is more important in modulating FASN levels than the activity of USP14 in cancer cells."
| PMC

sparser
"Before that, we checked the interaction between USP14 and FASN when Flag-USP14 and His-FASN were cotransfected ( xref a)."
| PMC
USP14 activates FASN.
| 4
USP14 activates FASN. 4 / 4
| 4

reach
"USP14 directly interacts with and increases FASN stability."

reach
"In addition to USP2a, which is well known as a DUB that regulates the level of FASN, a recent study showed that Usp14 significantly contributes to the development of hepatosteatosis by maintaining the stability of FASN in MPHs [7,20]."
| PMC

reach
"Based on a previous finding that Usp14 is a novel DUB for FASN and enhances FASN stability by blocking proteasomal degradation in MPHs, we expected that a USP14 inhibitor IU1 could further reduce the activity of FASN by interfering with FASN stability when used together with a FASN inhibitor."
| PMC

reach
"Recently, Liu et al. reported that Usp14 increases FASN stability in mouse primary hepatocytes (MPHs)."
| PMC
USP14 ubiquitinates FASN.
| 2
USP14 leads to the ubiquitination of FASN. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Surprisingly, USP14 rather reduced the protein levels and activity of FASN in cancer cells, although it slightly inhibited the ubiquitination of FASN."
| PMC

reach
"Surprisingly, USP14 rather reduced the protein levels and activity of FASN in cancer cells, although it slightly inhibited the ubiquitination of FASN."
USP14 inhibits FASN.
| 2
USP14 inhibits FASN. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"As a result, USP14 overexpression reduced enzymatic activity of FASN, whereas USP14 deficiency significantly increased FASN activity in cancer cells (Figure 3a,b)."
| PMC

reach
"This result further confirms that USP14 negatively regulates the protein level and the activity of FASN in cancer cells."
| PMC
USP14 deubiquitinates FASN.
| 2
USP14 deubiquitinates FASN. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"As shown in Figure 4b,c, USP14 slightly reduced FASN ubiquitination."
| PMC

reach
"Since USP14 reduced FASN protein levels in cancer cells, it was necessary to confirm the deubiquitination of FASN by USP14."
| PMC
USP14 affects autophagy
| 1 24
USP14 inhibits autophagy.
| 1 15
| 1 15

reach
"Besides, the inhibition of USP14 by IU1-47 induced an increase of the autophagy flux, consistent with the increased degradation rate of Tau [XREF_BIBR]."

reach
"In addition, it has recently been reported that USP14 negatively regulates autophagy 34, which plays an important role in the regulation of hepatic TG metabolism."

trips
"Ubiquitin-specific protease 14 promotes radio-resistance and suppresses autophagy in oral squamous cell carcinoma."

reach
"USP14 is a regulator of de‐ubiquitination and has been reported to be activated through AKT/mTOR pathway and negatively regulate autophagy by K48 de‐ubiquitination in neurodegenerative diseases.32 Hence, we speculated that SPAG5‐AS1 might regulate SPAG5 through USP14.RNA immunoprecipitation analysis confirmed that SPAG5‐AS1 was abundant in USP14‐binding complexes (Figure 6B)."

reach
"Moreover, we have for the first time demonstrated that the USP14 inhibition induces ER stress mediated autophagy in A549 cells by activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1)."

reach
"Therefore, this study has demonstrated that typically inhibiting USP14 promotes autophagy in M1 like macrophages and alleviates CLP induced sepsis."

reach
"Together, it was suggested that SPAG5‐AS1 stabilized SPAG5 protein through interacting with USP14 in HG‐treated HPCs, and that USP14 and AKT/mTOR formed a positive feedback loop.3.7 SPAG5-AS1 promoted apoptosis and attenuated autophagy in HG-treated HPCs through SPAG5/AKT/mTOR pathway."

reach
"USP14 Suppresses Autophagy by Cleaving Lys63-Ubiquitin Chains from BECLIN 1."

reach
"On the other hand, it is also possible that the IU1 induced neuroprotection in the post-ischemic mouse brains is a synergistic effect of multiple pathways activated by suppression of USP14 through IU1, since recent results suggest that inhibition of USP14 by IU1 in vitro elevates autophagy activity."

reach
"Accordingly, pharmacological inhibition of USP14 enhanced autophagy and mitophagy in cultured cells [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR], and USP14 knockdown partially reversed the locomotor deficits in PINK1 and Parkin deficient flies [XREF_BIBR]."
USP14 activates autophagy.
| 9
| 9

reach
"Akt regulated USP14 activity can modulate both proteasomal degradation and autophagy through controlling K48 and K63 ubiquitination, respectively."

reach
"These findings provided a unique mechanism underlying the connections among USP14-mediated autophagy, DDR-related ubiquitin signaling, and DNA repair (Figure 5)."

reach
"However, inhibition of USP14 rescues the DDR defects in autophagy-deficient PC cells (Sharma et al., 2018)."

reach
"The deubiquitinating enzyme ubiquitin specific peptidase 14 (USP14) has been shown to modulate both proteasome activity and autophagy."

reach
"USP14-Mediated Autophagy in Lung Cancer."

reach
"Knockdown of USP14 or its inhibition with the inhibitor IU1 (see below Section 4.1) induces the activation of autophagy, indicating that USP14 is a negative regulator of autophagy in H4 (neuroglioma) cells."

reach
"USP14-Mediated Autophagy in DNA Repair."

reach
"The authors ascribed these phenotypes to TRIM14 's role in promoting cGAS stabilization and provide evidence that loss of TRIM14 allows for cGAS degradation via the E3 ligase USP14, which targets cGAS to p62 dependent selective autophagy."

reach
"USP14-Mediated Autophagy in Inflammation."
USP14 affects TRAF6
| 5 20
| 5 14

sparser
"However, USP14 and TRAF6 interaction was not affected by TRAF6 ubiquitin-ligase activity or TRAF6 autoubiquitination."

sparser
"Therefore, it is concluded that S5 treatment directly inhibits the deubiquitinating enzymic activity of USP14, especially blocks USP14TRAF6 interaction, and increases of TRAF6–Beclin1 association, which results in K63-linked ubiquitination of Beclin1 and autophagy."

sparser
"Since USP14 interacted with the CC domain of TRAF6 (Figure xref E), we examined whether USP14 induced deubiquitination of TRAF6."

reach
"Based on this result, we further examined whether TRAF6 and USP14 interaction might affect ubiquitination of Beclin 1."

sparser
"We found that USP14 interacted with TRAF6."

sparser
"This complex was found to block the interaction of USP14 with TNF receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6), subsequently promoting the ubiquitination of Beclin 1 by disturbing the Beclin 1-Bcl2 interaction ( xref )."

sparser
"Based on this result, we further examined whether TRAF6 and USP14 interaction might affect ubiquitination of Beclin 1."

sparser
"Furthermore, by multiple methods, S5 was revealed to directly bind with ubiquitin-specific proteases 14 (USP14) at Ser404, Phe405, and Cys414 by hydrogen bond to inhibit its deubiquitinating activity, and block USP14TRAF6 (TNF receptor associated factor 6) interaction, subsequently promoting ubiquitination of Beclin1, interrupting Beclin1–Bcl2 interaction, and accumulating the autophagosome in macrophages, which finally resulted in the blockade of M1-like macrophage polarization."

sparser
"And the inhibitory effect of S5 on USP14TRAF6 interaction was also confirmed in HEK293T cells transfected with His-USP14 and HA-TRAF6 (Fig. xref )."

sparser
"As shown in Figure xref E, Flag-TRAF6 wt, Flag-TRAF6 110-522, and Flag-TRAF6 260-522, but not Flag-TRAF6 349-522, were co-precipitated with Myc-USP14, indicating that USP14 interacted with the CC domain of TRAF6."
| 6

sparser
"In this study, we demonstrated that USP14 and Beclin 1 competitively interacted with the CC domain of TRAF6."

sparser
"These results demonstrate that USP14 and Beclin 1 interact with the CC domain of TRAF6 while TRAF6 and USP14 interacted with the CC domain of Beclin 1 as depicted in Figure xref F."

sparser
"As depicted in Figure xref C, these results suggest that USP14 and Beclin 1 can competitively interact with the CC domain of TRAF6 and inhibit TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination of Beclin 1."

sparser
"Interestingly, biochemical studies in the present study revealed that USP14 and Beclin 1 competitively interacted with the CC domain of TRAF6."

sparser
"Taken together, these results suggest that USP14 and Beclin 1 can competitively interact with the CC domain of TRAF6 and inhibit TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination of Beclin 1, leading to decreased autophagy induction as depicted in Figure xref in Supplementary Material."

sparser
"Based on these previous findings, we hypothesized that the suppression of Beclin 1 ubiquitination by USP14 might be critically associated with TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination in both autophagy and TLR4-mediated signaling."
USP14 affects ERN1
3 | 1 7 14
3 | 1 7 14

sparser
"A recent study demonstrated that USP14 interacts with the cytoplasmic region of IRE1 to inhibit ERAD under non-stress conditions xref ."

sparser
"USP14 interacted with the cytoplasmic region of IRE1alpha, and the endogenous interaction between USP14 and IRE1alpha was inhibited by ER stress."

reach
"IRE1alpha associated with USP14 under the non stressed condition."

sparser
"These results suggested that USP14 interacts with the C-terminal cytoplasmic region of inactive form of IRE1α."

sparser
"USP14 binding to the IRE1 protein for ER stress regulation indicates an important role in mutant Huntingtin-induced cell toxicity and the murine norovirus-caused infections [ xref , xref ]."

trips
"Usp14 interacted with IRE1 in control cells but less in mutant Htt-expressing cells."

sparser
"To evaluate the IRE1αUSP14 interaction under physiological conditions in mammalian cells, we examined the association of endogenous IRE1α and USP14 in MEF."

reach
"Previous studies have identified that USP14 can directly bind to IRE1alpha, and the endogenous interaction between USP14 and IRE1alpha is inhibited by ER stress [XREF_BIBR]."

sparser
"These results suggested that USP14 physiologically interacts with the inactive form of IRE1α under the non-stressed condition and dissociates from the activated form of IRE1α by ER stress."

reach
"Usp14 interacted with IRE1 in control cells but less in mutant Htt expressing cells."
TRAF6 affects USP14
| 5 20
| 5 14

sparser
"However, USP14 and TRAF6 interaction was not affected by TRAF6 ubiquitin-ligase activity or TRAF6 autoubiquitination."

sparser
"Therefore, it is concluded that S5 treatment directly inhibits the deubiquitinating enzymic activity of USP14, especially blocks USP14TRAF6 interaction, and increases of TRAF6–Beclin1 association, which results in K63-linked ubiquitination of Beclin1 and autophagy."

sparser
"Since USP14 interacted with the CC domain of TRAF6 (Figure xref E), we examined whether USP14 induced deubiquitination of TRAF6."

reach
"Based on this result, we further examined whether TRAF6 and USP14 interaction might affect ubiquitination of Beclin 1."

sparser
"We found that USP14 interacted with TRAF6."

sparser
"This complex was found to block the interaction of USP14 with TNF receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6), subsequently promoting the ubiquitination of Beclin 1 by disturbing the Beclin 1-Bcl2 interaction ( xref )."

sparser
"Based on this result, we further examined whether TRAF6 and USP14 interaction might affect ubiquitination of Beclin 1."

sparser
"Furthermore, by multiple methods, S5 was revealed to directly bind with ubiquitin-specific proteases 14 (USP14) at Ser404, Phe405, and Cys414 by hydrogen bond to inhibit its deubiquitinating activity, and block USP14TRAF6 (TNF receptor associated factor 6) interaction, subsequently promoting ubiquitination of Beclin1, interrupting Beclin1–Bcl2 interaction, and accumulating the autophagosome in macrophages, which finally resulted in the blockade of M1-like macrophage polarization."

sparser
"And the inhibitory effect of S5 on USP14TRAF6 interaction was also confirmed in HEK293T cells transfected with His-USP14 and HA-TRAF6 (Fig. xref )."

sparser
"As shown in Figure xref E, Flag-TRAF6 wt, Flag-TRAF6 110-522, and Flag-TRAF6 260-522, but not Flag-TRAF6 349-522, were co-precipitated with Myc-USP14, indicating that USP14 interacted with the CC domain of TRAF6."
| 6

sparser
"In this study, we demonstrated that USP14 and Beclin 1 competitively interacted with the CC domain of TRAF6."

sparser
"These results demonstrate that USP14 and Beclin 1 interact with the CC domain of TRAF6 while TRAF6 and USP14 interacted with the CC domain of Beclin 1 as depicted in Figure xref F."

sparser
"As depicted in Figure xref C, these results suggest that USP14 and Beclin 1 can competitively interact with the CC domain of TRAF6 and inhibit TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination of Beclin 1."

sparser
"Interestingly, biochemical studies in the present study revealed that USP14 and Beclin 1 competitively interacted with the CC domain of TRAF6."

sparser
"Taken together, these results suggest that USP14 and Beclin 1 can competitively interact with the CC domain of TRAF6 and inhibit TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination of Beclin 1, leading to decreased autophagy induction as depicted in Figure xref in Supplementary Material."

sparser
"Based on these previous findings, we hypothesized that the suppression of Beclin 1 ubiquitination by USP14 might be critically associated with TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination in both autophagy and TLR4-mediated signaling."
ERN1 affects USP14
3 | 1 7 14
3 | 1 7 14

sparser
"A recent study demonstrated that USP14 interacts with the cytoplasmic region of IRE1 to inhibit ERAD under non-stress conditions xref ."

sparser
"USP14 interacted with the cytoplasmic region of IRE1alpha, and the endogenous interaction between USP14 and IRE1alpha was inhibited by ER stress."

reach
"IRE1alpha associated with USP14 under the non stressed condition."

sparser
"These results suggested that USP14 interacts with the C-terminal cytoplasmic region of inactive form of IRE1α."

sparser
"USP14 binding to the IRE1 protein for ER stress regulation indicates an important role in mutant Huntingtin-induced cell toxicity and the murine norovirus-caused infections [ xref , xref ]."

trips
"Usp14 interacted with IRE1 in control cells but less in mutant Htt-expressing cells."

sparser
"To evaluate the IRE1αUSP14 interaction under physiological conditions in mammalian cells, we examined the association of endogenous IRE1α and USP14 in MEF."

reach
"Previous studies have identified that USP14 can directly bind to IRE1alpha, and the endogenous interaction between USP14 and IRE1alpha is inhibited by ER stress [XREF_BIBR]."

sparser
"These results suggested that USP14 physiologically interacts with the inactive form of IRE1α under the non-stressed condition and dissociates from the activated form of IRE1α by ER stress."

reach
"Usp14 interacted with IRE1 in control cells but less in mutant Htt expressing cells."
B-AP15 affects USP14
| 4 19
B-AP15 inhibits USP14.
| 4 16
B-AP15 inhibits USP14. 10 / 20
| 4 16

reach
"Inhibition of USP14 and UCH37 deubiquitinating activity by b-AP15 as a potential therapy for tumors with"

reach
"Inhibition of USP14 and UCH37 deubiquitinating activity by b-AP15 as a potential therapy for tumors with p53 deficiency."

reach
"SERPB12 has been predicted to bind to USP14 in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues [XREF_BIBR], so we tested whether b-AP15, which inhibits the deubuiquitylases (DUB) UCHL5 and USP14 [XREF_BIBR] could block SLFN12 effects."

reach
"Inhibition of USP14 and UCH37 deubiquitinating activity by b-AP15 as a potential therapy for tumors with p53 deficiency."

eidos
"There are some debates over whether b-AP15 can block not only UCH-L5 and USP14 but also inhibit POH1 ."
| PMC

reach
"Finally, b-AP15 specifically inhibits two proteasome associated DUBs : UCH-L5 and USP14, and thus blocks proteasome function leading to the accumulation of polyubiquitin in treated cells [XREF_BIBR]."

eidos
"B-AP15 blocks USP14 in a reversible manner and regulates WNT / beta-catenin signaling ( 93 ) ."

reach
"VLX1570 and b-AP15 both inhibit USP14 and UCHL5 activity of 19S regulatory particles with the inhibition of USP14 being more pronounced (XREF_FIG)."

reach
"It is known that b-AP15 and PtPT can inhibit the activity of both USP14 and UCHL5 simultaneously, implying that the downregulation of ERα by b-AP15 and PtPT may attribute to the suppression of USP14 and UCHL5."

reach
"These data and the fact that UCH37 or USP14 may have a redundant DUB function and also that b-AP15 and WP1130 inhibit both UCH37 and USP14 suggests that a contribution from both enzymes may be needed."
B-AP15 binds USP14.
| 3
USP14 binds b-AP15. 3 / 3
| 3

reach
"We found that binding of b-AP15 to USP14 is partially reversible, and that inhibition of proteasome function is reversible in cells."

reach
"Building upon this we also examined the binding of b-AP15 to USP14 in EWS cells using a cellular thermo stability assay (CETSA)."

reach
"In silico modelling identified protein residues that were critical for the binding of b-AP15 with USP14 or UCHL5 and proteasome enzyme activity assays confirmed that b-AP15 does not affect the proteolytic capabilities of the 20S proteasome beta-subunits."
AR affects USP14
2 | 5 12
2 | 5 12

reach
"35 The AR dependent cell cycle arrest by inhibiting USP14 prompted us to investigate the interaction between USP14 and AR."

reach
"More importantly, we observed that USP14 could bind to AR and decreased AR ubiquitination, suggesting that USP14 may be another DUB of AR (XREF_FIG)."

sparser
"We found that USP14 does not interact with AR in the nucleus under DHT stimulation (Fig. xref )."

sparser
"To detect the interaction between AR protein and USP14 protein, we performed co-IP for USP14 and AR."

sparser
"We found that (i) USP14 could bind to AR, and additionally, both genetic and pharmacological inhibition of USP14 accelerated the ubiquitination and degradation of AR; (ii) downregulation or inhibition of USP14 suppressed cell proliferation and colony formation of LNcap cells and, conversely, overexpression of USP14 promoted the proliferation; and (iii) reduction or inhibition of USP14 induced G0/G1 phase arrest in LNcap prostate cancer cells."

sparser
"More importantly, we observed that USP14 could bind to AR and decreased AR ubiquitination, suggesting that USP14 may be another DUB of AR ( xref )."

sparser
"The AR-dependent cell cycle arrest by inhibiting USP14 prompted us to investigate the interaction between USP14 and AR."

sparser
"Our research confirms that KDM4A-AS1 may inhibit the ubiquitin-mediated degradation process by stabilizing the binding of USP14 to AR or AR-Vs and leading to enzalutamide resistance in CRPC cell lines."

reach
"We found that USP14 could directly bind AR proteins (XREF_FIG)."

sparser
"In conclusion, this work has provided novel insights into the interaction between proteasome-associated DUB USP14 and AR, and the functional role of deubiquitination of AR by USP14 in AR-positive human breast cancer cells including TNBC."
CXCR4 affects USP14
2 | 4 13
2 | 4 11

sparser
"CXCL12, a CXCR4 agonist, induces a time-dependent association of USP14 with CXCR4, or its C terminus, that is not mimicked by USP2A, USP4, or USP7, other members of the deubiquitination catalytic family."

sparser
"This study verified that CXCL12 incubation of HEK293 cells stably expressing the receptor and transiently expressing HA-USP14 leads to a time-dependent association of USP14 with CXCR4 ( xref )."

reach
"Of further interest was our finding that USP14 interaction with CXCR4 is relatively selective, compared with other members of the USP family, including USP2a, USP4, and USP7, which were evaluated using the same experimental strategy (XREF_FIG)."

sparser
"We were curious whether CXCL12 activation of CXCR4 might lead to redistribution of USP14 to CXCR4-containing membrane compartments, consistent with the ligand- and time-dependent association of USP14 with CXCR4 noted in xref ."

sparser
"A proteomics study revealed that the steady state level of USP14 was increased upon CXCL12 stimulation of target cells ( xref ), and preliminary studies revealed that ligand stimulation led to enhanced association of USP14 with the CXCR4."

sparser
"These data are consistent with the interpretation that not only does USP14 associate with CXCR4 in a ligand-modulated fashion (as in xref ), but also that USP14 recognizes this receptor as a substrate for deubiquitination."

reach
"The physical interaction of CXCR4 and USP14 is paralleled by USP14 catalyzed deubiquitination of the receptor; knockdown of endogenous USP14 by RNA interference (RNAi) blocks CXCR4 deubiquitination, whereas overexpression of USP14 promotes CXCR4 deubiquitination."

reach
"In summary, our findings demonstrate that CXCL12 activation of the CXCR4 leads to a dynamic ubiquitination and deubiquitination cycle and that USP14 preferentially interacts with and deubiquitinates CXCR4."

sparser
"CXCL12 Activation Leads to a Time-dependent Association of USP14 with CXCR4 —A previous series of experiments revealed the possibility that USP14 was a CXCR4-interacting protein ( xref )."

sparser
"USP14 interaction with CXCR4 is not mimicked by other deubiquitinating enzymes of the USP family evaluated, including USP2a, USP4, and USP7 ( xref )."
| 2

sparser
"Receptor deubiquitination is paralleled by CXCL12-dependent association of USP14 with CXCR4, an interaction that occurs, at least in part, via the C terminus of the receptor."

sparser
"This co-localization was more readily detected at 5 min when compared with a 60-min exposure to CXCL12, which is also consistent with the time course for CXCL12-induced association of CXCR4 with USP14 described in xref ."
WP1130 affects USP14
| 1 18
WP1130 inhibits USP14.
| 1 15
WP1130 inhibits USP14. 10 / 16
| 1 15

reach
"Moreover, WP1130, which is found to be a partially selective DUB inhibitor, directly inhibits DUB activity of USP9x, USP5 and USP14 XREF_BIBR - XREF_BIBR."

reach
"In Z138 mantle cell lymphoma cells, WP1130 inhibits USP9x, USP5, USP14, UCH37, UCH-L1, and potentially other DUBs XREF_BIBR."

reach
"It was found that WP1130 can directly inhibit USP9X as well as DUBs of UCHL5, and USP14."

reach
"Four independent experiments demonstrated that WP1130 treatment significantly reduced USP14 activity in both mock- and virally infected samples compared to DMSO, but not compared to each other (XREF_FIG, quantitation)."

reach
"WP1130, on the other hand, inhibits at least five DUBs : USP5, UCH-L1, USP9X, USP14, and UCH37, and induces the cellular accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins [XREF_BIBR]."

reach
"WP1130 (Degrasyn) has been shown to inhibit USP14 and UCHL5 as well as other DUB enzymes (see below)."

reach
"We hypothesized that inhibition of USP14 by WP1130 would result in IRE1 activation, one of the three sensors of the UPR XREF_BIBR."

reach
"WP1130 acts as a partly selective DUB inhibitor, directly inhibiting DUB activity of USP9x, USP5, USP14, and UCH37, which are known to regulate survival protein stability and 26S proteasome function."

reach
"For example, a general DUB inhibitor WP1130 has been known to inhibit the activities of USP9x, USP5, USP14 and UCH37 that regulate the survival proteins stability [XREF_BIBR]."

reach
"b-AP15 is a proteasomal DUBs inhibitor that blocks USP14 and UCHL5, which are also inhibited by WP1130."
WP1130 activates USP14.
| 2
WP1130 activates USP14. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Trypsin derived peptides from both lanes of this region in the gel were subjected to mass spectrometric analysis, which identified USP14 only in samples treated with biotinylated WP1130 but not the inactive analog."

reach
"WP1130, a small molecule inhibitor of cellular Deubiquitinases (DUBs), was found to inhibit replication of murine noroviruses in murine macrophages, and human norovirus in a replicon system by targeting the cellular DUB USP14 [XREF_BIBR]."
WP1130 binds USP14.
| 1
USP14 binds WP1130. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"In summary, these results demonstrated that WP1130 binds and inhibits USP14 in murine macrophages independent of virus infection."
USP14 affects cell cycle
| 2 16
USP14 activates cell cycle.
| 2 11
| 2 11

eidos
"Furthermore , we examine cell cycle distribution by flow cytometry and find that inhibition of USP14 causes cell cycle arrest in G2 / M phase ."

eidos
"It has been reported that USP14 expression was specifically upregulated in both lung adenocarcinoma cell lines and tumor tissues , and knockdown of USP14 expression significantly inhibited cell growth and cell cycle arrest in NSCLC cells12 ."

reach
"27 In this study, we have identified that USP14 promotes the cell cycle in prostate carcinoma cells by deubiquitination and stabilization of AR."

reach
"35 The AR dependent cell cycle arrest by inhibiting USP14 prompted us to investigate the interaction between USP14 and AR."

reach
"It has been shown that USP14 modulates levels of key cell cycle regulatory proteins whose dysregulation is expected to affect the cell cycle [XREF_BIBR]."

reach
"To investigate the molecular mechanism by which USP14 promotes cell cycle, we performed western blot to detect several key proteins that are associated with G1-S phase transition."

reach
"In addition, silencing USP14 expression with siRNA or stable expression of shRNA also caused G0/G1 cell cycle arrest (XREF_FIG), indicating that USP14 promotes G1-S transition in androgen responsive prostate cancer cells."

reach
"We confirmed that AR was highly expressed in the androgen responsive prostate cancer cells (LNcap cells) but was hardly detectable in the androgen-irresponsive prostate cancer cells (DU145 and PC3 cells) tested here (XREF_FIG), implying that the induction of cell cycle arrest by USP14 inhibition is AR dependent."

reach
"However, multi‐center‐based investigation is needed for further validation of its predictive value.It has been shown that silencing of USP14 could block the cell cycle progression and elicit caspase‐dependent apoptosis in MM cells.13 Also, inhibition of USP14 led to G0/G1 arrest by accelerating the ubiquitination and degradation of AR in prostate cancer cells."

reach
"USP14 and UCHL5 inhibitors suppress cell cycle progression."
USP14 inhibits cell cycle.
| 5
| 5

reach
"Inactivation of USP14 Perturbs Ubiquitin Homeostasis and Delays the Cell Cycle in Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts and in Fruit Fly Drosophila."

reach
"49, 50 Knocking-down of USP14 arrested cell cycle at G2/M phase."

reach
"To explore the underlying mechanism by which USP14 promotes cell proliferation in LNcap cells, we monitored the cell cycle progression of each group exposed to various concentrations of IU1 (25, 50, 100muM) and found that inhibition of USP14 activity dramatically induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest at different time points (0, 6, 12, 24, 48h) (XREF_FIG)."

reach
"USP14 knockdown or treatment with USP14 inhibitor IU1 induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and suppressed cell proliferation in AR-positive and ER-negative breast cancer cells and androgen responsive prost[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

reach
"Downregulation of USP14 expression arrested the cell cycle, which may be related to beta-catenin degradation."
USP14 affects NLRC5
1 | 15 2
USP14 inhibits NLRC5.
| 6
USP14 inhibits NLRC5. 5 / 6
| 5

reach
"Next, we tested whether USP14 also enhanced NLRC5 mediated inhibition of TRAF2/6 independent noncanonical NF-kappaB signaling."

reach
"USP14-mediated NLRC5 upregulation inhibits endothelial cell activation and inflammation in atherosclerosis."

reach
"These results suggest that USP14 specifically enhanced NLRC5 mediated inhibition of NF-kappaB activation through the inhibition of NLRC5 ubiquitination via its DUB activity."

reach
"Because USP14 specifically enhanced NLRC5 mediated inhibition of NF-kappaB activation, we reasoned that USP14 deficiency would result in the accumulation of ubiquitinated NLRC5 and increased NF-kappaB activation under physiological conditions."

reach
"These results suggest that USP14 inhibits NF-kappaB signaling in an NLRC5 dependent manner."
USP14-C114A inhibits NLRC5. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"USP14 (C114A) also failed to enhance the inhibitory effect of NLRC5 on MyD88 induced NF-kappaB activation (XREF_FIG)."
USP14 deubiquitinates NLRC5.
1 | 4
USP14 deubiquitinates NLRC5. 5 / 5
1 | 4

reach
"The ubiquitination of NLRC5 could be reversely regulated by USP14."

reach
"Next, we determined whether USP14 inhibited NLRC5 ubiquitination through its DUB activity."

reach
"In an effort to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this regulation, the Cui group showed that TLR4 stimulation activates the TRAF2/6 complex, which ubiquitinates NLRC5 on Lys1178 residue, presumably leading to its degradation and release of IKKalpha and IKKbeta to complex with IKKgamma [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR] (XREF_FIG) This study also showed that the ubiquitin specific protease 14 (USP14) deubiquitinates NLRC5 to sustain the NLRC5 mediated inhibition of NF-kappaB activation."

"The researchers propose that, after the ubiquitination of NLRC5 at lysine 1178 is catalyzed by TRAF2/6, USP14 specifically removes the polyubiquitin chains from NLRC5 to enhance NLRC5-mediated inhibition of IKK–NF-κB signaling, thus forming a coherent feedforward loop to regulate IKK–NF-κB activation"

reach
"These results suggest that USP14 inhibits NLRC5 ubiquitination through its DUB activity."
USP14 activates NLRC5.
| 4
USP14 activates NLRC5. 4 / 4
| 4

reach
"USP14 deficiency significantly attenuates the inhibitory ability of NLRC5 on NF-kappaB activation, whereas the K1178R NLRC5 mutant showed similar inhibition of NF-kappaB activity in both WT and USP14 KO cells."

reach
"USP14 modulates NLRC5 function through its DUB activity."

reach
"Higher intrinsic USP14 levels in BMMs compared with BMDCs " forced " BMMs to move toward a state of higher USP14 values and subtly raised the sensitivity to NLRC5 in BMMs."

reach
"In contrast, ubiquitin specific protease 14 (USP14) specifically removes the polyubiquitin chains from NOD like receptor family CARD domain containing 5 (NLRC5) and thereby enhances the NLRC5 mediated inhibition of NF-kappaB signaling."
USP14 binds NLRC5.
| 1 2
| 1 2

sparser
"We next sought to determine whether USP14 directly interacts with NLRC5 to modulate its function and observed that the interaction between NLRC5 and USP14 is up-regulated by LPS treatment in pMs ( xref )."

sparser
"The USP14-NLRC5 axis was found to suppress titanium wear particle-induced osteolysis by inhibiting the NF-κB and PI3K/AKT pathways, presumably offering new insights into improving the long-term survival of THA ( xref ) ( xref )."

reach
"We next sought to determine whether USP14 directly interacts with NLRC5 to modulate its function and observed that the interaction between NLRC5 and USP14 is up-regulated by LPS treatment in pMs (XREF_FIG)."
TRIM14 affects USP14
| 10 9
TRIM14 binds USP14.
| 7 9
| 5 9

sparser
"Taken together, these findings establish the TRIM14USP14 axis as a crucial checkpoint that controls noncanonical NF‐κB signaling and highlight the crosstalk between autophagy and innate immunity."

reach
"The stabilization of p100/p52 by TRIM14USP14 complex subsequently enhances noncanonical NF‐κB signaling (Figure 6 )."

sparser
"Thus, the TRIM14USP14 complex promotes the activation of noncanonical NF‐κB pathway through the crosstalk with autophagy."

sparser
"Thus, the interaction of TRIM14 with USP14 promotes activation of noncanonical NF–κB signaling through interfering with autophagy."

reach
"41 In another study, the ubiquitination–deubiquitination cascade mediated by TRIM27‐USP7 complex plays an essential role in TNFα‐induced apoptosis.42 Collectively, we speculate that TRIM14USP14 complex is capable of targeting different proteins in innate immunity."

sparser
"Our previous data have also shown that TRIM14 recruits USP14 to accelerate the stabilization of cGAS in response to virus infection, xref as a pair of mutual binding partners, TRIM14USP14 in this context has been convinced to regulate noncanonical NF‐κB signaling through the control of selective autophagy."

reach
"Thus, the TRIM14USP14 complex promotes the activation of noncanonical NF‐κB pathway through the crosstalk with autophagy.Autophagy is an essential homeostatic process for clearance of intracellular protein aggregates, injured organelles, and invading cytoplasmic microbes.36 Recently, increasing evidence suggests the important regulatory roles of the crosstalk between autophagy and a variety of cellular responses, including immune responses and inflammation.37 For example, selective autophagy plays a pivotal role in regulating type I interferon signaling21, 38 and canonical NF‐κB signaling39 as described by our previous studies."

sparser
"Indeed, TRIM14USP14 complex is not a unique model in the regulation of innate immune signaling."

reach
"Indeed, TRIM14USP14 complex is not a unique model in the regulation of innate immune signaling."

sparser
"The stabilization of p100/p52 by TRIM14USP14 complex subsequently enhances noncanonical NF‐κB signaling ( Figure xref )."
| 2

reach
"The TRIM14-USP14-BRCC3 complex epigenetically regulates inflammation through inhibiting OPTN-mediated autophagic degradation of KDM4D."

reach
"The TRIM14-USP14-BRCC3 complex epigenetically regulates inflammation through inhibiting OPTN-mediated autophagic degradation of KDM4D."
TRIM14 activates USP14.
| 2
TRIM14 activates USP14. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"More recently, TRIM14 has been shown to promote cGAS stability by recruiting the deubiquitinase USP14 and preventing autophagosomal targeting of cGAS."

reach
"The induction of TRIM14 by type I IFN accelerates cGAS stabilization by recruiting USP14 to cleave the ubiquitin chains of cGAS at lysine (K) 414."
TRIM14 inhibits USP14.
| 1
TRIM14 inhibits USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Collectively, these results indicate that K63‐linked ubiquitin chains at K332/338/341 of p100/p52 are essential for the recognition and degradation of p100/p52 by p62‐dependent selective autophagy.2.6 TRIM14 Inhibits the K63-Linked Ubiquitinationof p100/p52 by Recruiting USP14."
TRIM11 affects USP14
| 11 8
TRIM11 binds USP14.
| 3 8
| 3 6

reach
"This, along with the PSMD2-TRIM11 interaction, raised the possibility that TRIM11 might also bind to USP14."

sparser
"TRIM11 interacts with USP14."

sparser
"This, along with the PSMD2-TRIM11 interaction, raised the possibility that TRIM11 might also bind to USP14."

sparser
"The TRIM11-USP14 interaction is likely to be direct, as shown by an in vitro pull-down assay using purified recombinant proteins (Fig.  xref )."

sparser
"Next, we delineated the structural determinants of the TRIM11-USP14 interaction."

sparser
"Structural determinants of the TRIM11-USP14 interaction."

reach
"The current study reveals a distinct proteasome-regulatory pathway based on stableprotein protein interaction, in which TRIM11 binds to USP14 precluding its recruitment to the RP subcomplex of the proteasome."

reach
"Indeed, Flag-TRIM11 expressed in HCT116 cells interacted with endogenous USP14, based on a co-IP assay with anti-Flag antibody and a reciprocal assay with anti-USP14 antibody."

sparser
"The current study reveals a distinct proteasome-regulatory pathway based on stable protein–protein interaction, in which TRIM11 binds to USP14 precluding its recruitment to the RP subcomplex of the proteasome."
USP14 binds TRIM11 and UBL. 2 / 2
| 2

sparser
"The most dramatic regulation of USP14 described to date is post-translational and involves the protein TRIM11, which binds the N-terminal ubiquitin-like domain of USP14 in competition with the proteasome ( xref )."

sparser
"TRIM11 interacts with the UBL domain of USP14 and may physically block its access to the RP."
TRIM11 inhibits USP14.
| 3
TRIM11 inhibits USP14. 3 / 3
| 3

reach
"11) strongly reduced the deubiquitinase activity in the control lysates, and rendered TRIM11 ineffective in reducing deubiquitinase activity, indicating that TRIM11 specifically inhibits the deubiquitinase activity of USP14."

reach
"Together, these results show that TRIM11 inhibits the association of USP14 with PSMD2, preventing it from docking on the proteasome."

reach
"By displacing USP14, TRIM11 changes proteasome composition and suppresses both catalytic and non catalytic effects of USP14."
TRIM11 activates USP14.
| 3
TRIM11 activates USP14. 3 / 3
| 3

reach
"TRIM11 activates the proteasome and promotes overall protein degradation by regulating USP14."

reach
"Together, these results demonstrate that TRIM11 enhances cell survival and proliferation and suppresses apoptosis by inhibiting USP14."

reach
"TRIM11 relieves the inhibition of USP14 on the proteasome."
TRIM11 increases the amount of USP14.
| 2
TRIM11 increases the amount of USP14. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"In contrast, the amounts of USP14 were decreased in the pellets and conversely increased in the detergent-soluble SN, consistent with its displacement from the proteasome by TRIM11."

reach
"TRIM11 abrogated the inhibitory effect of USP14 overexpression on YFP-CL1 in both unstressed and heat stressed cells."
BECN1 affects USP14
| 4 15
| 4 9

sparser
"Interestingly, 6-Gingerol treatment significantly suppressed USP14 expression, indicating that 6-Gingerol promoted autophagy effected by inhibition of USP14-Beclin 1."

reach
"To characterize interaction between USP14 and Beclin 1, we generated truncated mutants of Beclin 1."

sparser
"Immunoprecipitation was performed and we found that BECN1 could interact with USP14 ( xref xref ))."

sparser
"To characterize interaction between USP14 and Beclin 1, we generated truncated mutants of Beclin 1 (Figure xref A)."

reach
"Binding of USP14 with Beclin 1 was significantly abolished upon deletion of its CC domain, suggesting that the CC domain of Beclin 1 was important for the interaction."

sparser
"Thus, the USP14–UVRAG axis has an opposite effect to the USP14BECN1 axis."

sparser
"Notably, 6-Gin treatment significantly supressed USP14 expression, indicating that 6-Gin promoted autophagy effects by inhibition of USP14-Beclin 1, which was consistent with previous study ( xref )."

sparser
"However, the study does not provide any evidence for the catalytic role of USP14 and instead suggests that the interaction of Beclin1 with USP14 inhibit TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination of Beclin1 [ xref ]."

sparser
"However, the study does not provide any evidence for the catalytic role of USP14 and instead suggests that the interaction of Beclin1 with USP14 inhibit TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination of Beclin1 [73]."

sparser
"Binding of USP14 with Beclin 1 was significantly abolished upon deletion of its CC domain (Figure xref B, lane 3), suggesting that the CC domain of Beclin 1 was important for the interaction (Figure xref B in Supplementary Material)."
| 6

sparser
"In this study, we demonstrated that USP14 and Beclin 1 competitively interacted with the CC domain of TRAF6."

sparser
"These results demonstrate that USP14 and Beclin 1 interact with the CC domain of TRAF6 while TRAF6 and USP14 interacted with the CC domain of Beclin 1 as depicted in Figure xref F."

sparser
"As depicted in Figure xref C, these results suggest that USP14 and Beclin 1 can competitively interact with the CC domain of TRAF6 and inhibit TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination of Beclin 1."

sparser
"Interestingly, biochemical studies in the present study revealed that USP14 and Beclin 1 competitively interacted with the CC domain of TRAF6."

sparser
"Taken together, these results suggest that USP14 and Beclin 1 can competitively interact with the CC domain of TRAF6 and inhibit TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination of Beclin 1, leading to decreased autophagy induction as depicted in Figure xref in Supplementary Material."

sparser
"Based on these previous findings, we hypothesized that the suppression of Beclin 1 ubiquitination by USP14 might be critically associated with TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination in both autophagy and TLR4-mediated signaling."
USP14 affects DVL
| 15 3
USP14 deubiquitinates DVL.
| 11
USP14 deubiquitinates DVL. 10 / 11
| 11

reach
"Deubiquitination of Dishevelled by Usp14 is required for Wnt signaling."

reach
"These data suggest that deubiquitination of Dvl by Usp14 is necessary for the interaction between Fzd and Dvl."

reach
"A recent report has shown that deubiquitination of disheveled (Dvl) by USP14 is required for Wnt signaling."

reach
"Therefore, deubiquitination of Dvl by Usp14 may occur via their transient interaction during Wnt signal transduction."

reach
"To test direct deubiquitination of Dvl by Usp14, we performed a ubiquitin chain trimming assay using immunopurified Dvl-ubiquitin conjugates and recombinant Usp14 in a proteasome-free condition (XREF_FIG and XREF_SUPPLEMENTARY)."

reach
"Contrary to its established mechanistic role, Usp14 mediates deubiquitination of Dvl without a requirement for its UBL domain."

reach
"Inhibition of USP14 increases Dvl polyubiquitination and significantly impairs downstream Wnt signaling."

reach
"As a lack of Dvl deubiquitination by Usp14 appears to attenuate Wnt signaling, we proposed that an elevated forward rate of ubiquitination, which will be counteracted by Usp14 activity, might be induced by Wnt3a CM treatment."

reach
"Effects of USP14 inhibitor IU1 confirmed that inhibition of USP14 by IU1 increases the K4 linked polyubiquitination of Dvl [XREF_BIBR]."

reach
"As inhibition of Usp14 activity increased Dvl polyubiquitination, we examined whether knockdown of Usp14 has any effect on Wnt signaling."
USP14 binds DVL.
| 3 3
| 3 3

sparser
"To determine whether the RDU and its putative ubiquitin binding sites are necessary for the interaction between Dvl and Usp14, a binding assay similar to that in xref was performed using transiently overexpressed rather than endogenous Dvl."

sparser
"In wild-type MEFs, both Dvl2 and LRP6 became prominently phosphorylated at ∼1 to 2 h following Wnt3a CM treatment, overlapping with the peak period of Dvl-Usp14 interaction ( xref )."

reach
"To test for an interaction between Usp14 and Dvl, co-immunoprecipitation assays were performed."

reach
"In a time course experiment, significant interaction between Usp14-CA and Dvl was observed from 30min to 2h following incubation with Wnt3a CM (XREF_FIG)."

reach
"To determine whether the RDU and its putative ubiquitin binding sites are necessary for the interaction between Dvl and Usp14, a binding assay similar to that in XREF_FIG was performed using transiently overexpressed rather than endogenous Dvl."

sparser
"To test for an interaction between Usp14 and Dvl, co-immunoprecipitation assays were performed."
USP14 ubiquitinates DVL.
| 1
USP14 leads to the ubiquitination of DVL. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Genetic and chemical suppression of Usp14 activity caused an increase in Dvl polyubiquitination and significantly impaired downstream Wnt signaling."
USP14 affects VIM
2 1 | 8 5
USP14 binds VIM.
2 | 3 5
2 | 3 5

reach
"Subsequent co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) experiments demonstrated an interaction between USP14 and vimentin in GC lines."

sparser
"These results demonstrated that BECN1 affected the ubiquitination of Vimentin through regulating the interaction between USP14 and Vimentin."

sparser
"For instance, in human gastric cancer cell lines, the deubiquitinating enzyme USP14 directly interacts with vimentin and stabilizes it through deubiquitination (Zhu et al., 2017)."

sparser
"In this study, we further verified the high expression levels of USP14 in GC cell lines and tissues and found that USP14 interacts with vimentin, de-ubiquitinates it, and increases its expression level in GC cells, which promotes cell aggressiveness, including the growth, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells."

No evidence text available

sparser
"Subsequent co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) experiments demonstrated an interaction between USP14 and vimentin in GC lines (Figure xref and xref )."

reach
"Furthermore, we explored the mechanism of the aberrant expression of vimentin and found that USP14 interacts with vimentin and de-ubiquitinates it."

reach
"In this study, we further verified the high expression levels of USP14 in GC cell lines and tissues and found that USP14 interacts with vimentin, de-ubiquitinates it, and increases its expression level in GC cells, which promotes cell aggressiveness, including the growth, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells."

No evidence text available

sparser
"Furthermore, we explored the mechanism of the aberrant expression of vimentin and found that USP14 interacts with vimentin and de-ubiquitinates it."
USP14 deubiquitinates VIM.
1 | 2
USP14 deubiquitinates VIM. 3 / 3
1 | 2

reach
"According to the above results, USP14 de-ubiquitinates vimentin and increases its expression levels, which may influence the aggressiveness of GC cells."

"Furthermore, USP14 can also deubiquitinate and stabilize vimentin, a vital protein which involves in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition(EMT) and significantly promotes cell growth, migration and invasion in human gastric cancer"

reach
"Furthermore, USP14 can also deubiquitinate and stabilize vimentin, a vital protein which involves in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition(EMT) and significantly promotes cell growth, migration and invasion in human gastric cancer (Zhu et al., 2017)."
USP14 activates VIM.
| 2
USP14 bound to miR-320a activates VIM. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Thus, miR-320a not only suppresses vimentin directly but also binds to USP14 to inhibit vimentin indirectly in GC."
USP14 activates VIM. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Whether USP14 modulate the vimentin to contribute to malignancy is unclear, and we also explore the miRNAs of regulating vimentin in GC."
USP14 decreases the amount of VIM.
| 1
USP14 decreases the amount of VIM. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Previous studies have shown that downregulation of USP14 leads to increased expression of E-cadherin and decreased expression of N-cadherin and vimentin in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells, as well as suppresses the migration and invasion of ESCC cells through the Wnt and beta-catenin signaling pathway."
USP14 affects TRIM14
| 7 9
| 5 9

sparser
"Taken together, these findings establish the TRIM14USP14 axis as a crucial checkpoint that controls noncanonical NF‐κB signaling and highlight the crosstalk between autophagy and innate immunity."

reach
"The stabilization of p100/p52 by TRIM14USP14 complex subsequently enhances noncanonical NF‐κB signaling (Figure 6 )."

sparser
"Thus, the TRIM14USP14 complex promotes the activation of noncanonical NF‐κB pathway through the crosstalk with autophagy."

sparser
"Thus, the interaction of TRIM14 with USP14 promotes activation of noncanonical NF–κB signaling through interfering with autophagy."

reach
"41 In another study, the ubiquitination–deubiquitination cascade mediated by TRIM27‐USP7 complex plays an essential role in TNFα‐induced apoptosis.42 Collectively, we speculate that TRIM14USP14 complex is capable of targeting different proteins in innate immunity."

sparser
"Our previous data have also shown that TRIM14 recruits USP14 to accelerate the stabilization of cGAS in response to virus infection, xref as a pair of mutual binding partners, TRIM14USP14 in this context has been convinced to regulate noncanonical NF‐κB signaling through the control of selective autophagy."

reach
"Thus, the TRIM14USP14 complex promotes the activation of noncanonical NF‐κB pathway through the crosstalk with autophagy.Autophagy is an essential homeostatic process for clearance of intracellular protein aggregates, injured organelles, and invading cytoplasmic microbes.36 Recently, increasing evidence suggests the important regulatory roles of the crosstalk between autophagy and a variety of cellular responses, including immune responses and inflammation.37 For example, selective autophagy plays a pivotal role in regulating type I interferon signaling21, 38 and canonical NF‐κB signaling39 as described by our previous studies."

sparser
"Indeed, TRIM14USP14 complex is not a unique model in the regulation of innate immune signaling."

reach
"Indeed, TRIM14USP14 complex is not a unique model in the regulation of innate immune signaling."

sparser
"The stabilization of p100/p52 by TRIM14USP14 complex subsequently enhances noncanonical NF‐κB signaling ( Figure xref )."
| 2

reach
"The TRIM14-USP14-BRCC3 complex epigenetically regulates inflammation through inhibiting OPTN-mediated autophagic degradation of KDM4D."

reach
"The TRIM14-USP14-BRCC3 complex epigenetically regulates inflammation through inhibiting OPTN-mediated autophagic degradation of KDM4D."
USP14 affects Wnt
| 9 2
USP14 activates Wnt.
| 4
USP14 activates Wnt. 4 / 7
| 4

reach
"This suggests that regulation of Wnt signaling by Usp14 is controlled at the level of Dvl, rather than downstream components such as beta-catenin."

reach
"Moreover, overexpression of USP14 in MM cell adhesion model could enhance the ability of cell adhesion by regulating Wnt signaling pathways, thereby promoting the CAM-DR in MM."

reach
"USP14 can enhance the signal transduction of Wnt and beta-catenin."

reach
"Attenuation of Wnt signal transduction by Usp14 inhibition."
USP14 inhibits Wnt.
| 5
USP14 inhibits Wnt. 5 / 5
| 5

reach
"Downregulation of USP14 Suppresses the Activation of Wnt and beta-Catenin Signaling Pathway in ESCC Cells."

reach
"Increased Wnt reporter activity upon ectopic expression of Dvl, but not beta-catenin, was reduced by expression of Usp14-CA (XREF_FIG)."

reach
"Accordingly, transient overexpression of Usp14-CA reduced Wnt reporter activity (XREF_SUPPLEMENTARY)."

reach
"Depletion of Usp14 attenuated downstream Wnt signalling which was further evidenced when correlation between the levels of Usp14 and beta-catenin in colon tissues was observed."

reach
"These data suggest that knockdown of USP14 inhibits the proliferation and tumorigenesis in ESCC cells by suppressing and inhibiting the Wnt and beta-catenin signaling pathway."
USP14 binds Wnt.
| 2
| 2

sparser
"Usp14, identified as a deubiquitinase for Dvl, transiently interacts with Usp14 upon Wnt stimulation, disassembles K63-linked polyubiquitin chains attached to Dvl, an event that is required for Wnt signaling."

sparser
"Dvl was found to interact with Usp14 in a Wnt-dependent manner to promote rapid disassembly of Dvl-bound, K63-linked chains."
USP14 affects MAPT
1 | 1 12
USP14 inhibits MAPT.
| 6
USP14 inhibits MAPT. 6 / 6
| 6

reach
"The DUB USP14 suppresses turnover of Tau and TDP-43 in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) by impairing the protea-some; therefore, small-molecule inhibitors of USP14 could help clear these toxic proteins from cells."

reach
"Previous in vitro studies indicated that either loss of USP14 or inhibition of USP14’s catalytic activity increased the degradation of both model proteasome substrates and over-expressed TARDBP, PRNP, and MAPT proteins in cultured cells (Hanna et al., 2006; Homma et al., 2015; Lee et al., 2010; Lee et al., 2011)."

reach
"A variant of IU1, called IU1-47, which was 10-fold more potent in inhibiting USP14’s ubiquitin hydrolase activity, also enhanced degradation of MAPT in primary cortical neurons (Boselli et al., 2017)."

reach
"Moreover, IU1-47, a small molecule inhibitor of USP14, was also shown to accelerate the degradation of tau protein (Table 2) (Boselli et al., 2017)."

reach
"USP14 aptamers enhanced tau degradation in cultured cells and protected against oxidative stress."

reach
"In conclusion, pharmacologically inhibiting (with low or high IU1 concentrations) or genetically down-regulating USP14 fail to enhance proteasomal degradation of Ub-proteins or Tau in neurons."
USP14 activates MAPT.
| 1 5
USP14 activates MAPT. 6 / 6
| 1 5

reach
"192 Conversely, IU1, a small molecule inhibitor of USP14, stimulated the degradation of tau."

reach
"Intriguingly, Lee et al. demonstrated that IU1, a selective small-molecule inhibitor of USP14, accelerated proteasomal degradation of tau and TDP-43, which have been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases XREF_BIBR."

reach
"Moreover, IU1-47, a small molecule inhibitor of USP14, was also shown to accelerate the degradation of tau protein (Table 2) (Boselli et al., 2017)."

reach
"Although pharmacological inhibitors of USP14's ubiquitin-hydrolase activity reduced microtubule associate protein tau, tar DNA binding protein, and prion protein in culture, the effect was similar in wild type and USP14-deficient neurons, thus impacting their use for specifically evaluating USP14 in a therapeutic manner."

reach
"This result is also consistent with Boselli et al.’s observation that USP14 inhibition enhances tau degradation in cultured neurons [213]."
| PMC

eidos
"13 IU1 , an inhibitor of USP14 , can increase UPS activities , promote Tau degradation , and enhance mitochondrial elimination in neuronal cells.14 , 15 , 16 Similarly , dysregulation of USP14 has been reported in several tumors , including breast cancer , lung adenocarcinoma , and epithelial ovarian cancer.17 , 18 , 19 However , whether USP14 is involved in preeclampsia remains elusive ."
USP14 increases the amount of MAPT.
1 | 1
USP14 increases the amount of MAPT. 2 / 2
1 | 1

reach
"However, similar to what we observed in the hippocampi (Figure 2), this genetic reduction of USP14 was not sufficient to decrease the levels of the TARDBP, PRNP, or MAPT proteins, as the steady-state levels of these proteins were similar in the cortical neurons cultured from the USP14-deficient mice and the wild type controls (Figure S3)."

"The DUB USP14 suppresses turnover of Tau and TDP-43 in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) by impairing the protea-some;"
VLX1570 affects USP14
| 12
VLX1570 inhibits USP14.
| 8
VLX1570 inhibits USP14. 8 / 8
| 8

reach
"b-AP15/VLX1570 are small molecule inhibitors of the ubiquitin specific peptidase 14 (USP14) and ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 5 (UCHL5) deubiquitinases (DUBs) of the 19S proteasome."

reach
"Preferential inhibition of USP14 by VLX1570."

reach
"The small molecule VLX1570 and an analog b-AP15 specifically block the activity of DUBs USP14 and UCHL5 in the 19S regulatory subunit, which results in the rapid accumulation of high molecular weight ubiquitin conjugates, proteasome shutdown, and robust anti-tumor activity in well established orthotopic and xenograft models of MM, lymphoma, Ewing 's sarcoma, and other malignancies [XREF_BIBR - XREF_BIBR]."

reach
"Notwithstanding this success, the potency of pimozide (IC 50 ~ 2muM) is lower than those of clinically approved UPS inhibitor 26S proteasome inhibitor Bortezomib (IC 50 ~ 100nM) (XREF_FIG and XREF_TABLE), and another UPS inhibitor VLX1570, which inhibited the DUBs UCHL5 and USP14 (IC 50 ~ 100nM) and was previously studied in clinical trials but terminated due to limiting toxicities (study identifier NCT02372240)."

reach
"VLX1570 was indeed found to inhibit USP14 in cells at a concentration of 1 mum (XREF_FIG)."

reach
"VLX1570 and b-AP15 both inhibit USP14 and UCHL5 activity of 19S regulatory particles with the inhibition of USP14 being more pronounced (XREF_FIG)."

reach
"Results suggested an increased inhibition of USP14 by VLX1570 compared with b-AP15."

reach
"We observed at 30min that VLX1570 inhibited the activity of both USP14 and UCHL5 in a manner similar to b-AP15, as noted by a decrease in UbVS labeled DUBs (XREF_FIG)."
VLX1570 binds USP14.
| 2
USP14 binds VLX1570. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"The dissociation constant (K D) for binding of VLX1570 to recombinant USP14 was between 1.5 and 18muM using two different sources of recombinant protein (XREF_TABLE; XREF_FIG, d)."

reach
"VLX1570 binds and inhibits the activity of USP14 and UCHL5."
VLX1570 activates USP14.
| 2
VLX1570 activates USP14. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Notwithstanding this success, the potency of pimozide (IC50 ~2 μM) is lower than those of clinically approved UPS inhibitor 26S proteasome inhibitor Bortezomib (IC50 ~100 nM) (Fig. 1 and Table 2), and another UPS inhibitor VLX1570, which inhibited the DUBs UCHL5 and USP14 (IC50 ~100 nM) and was previously studied in clinical trials but terminated due to limiting toxicities (study identifier NCT02372240) (ClinicalTrials.gov, 2018; Wang et al., 2016)."

reach
"Indeed, VLX1570 preferentially targets USP14 and exhibits selective cytotoxicity in MM cells, which have a high expression of USP14 [XREF_BIBR]."
USP14 affects USP14
| 8 1
USP14 inhibits USP14.
| 3 1
USP14 inhibits USP14. 4 / 5
| 3 1

sparser
"PtPT is also strikingly distinct from IU1, a USP14 inhibitor reported previously [ xref ], which inhibits USP14 but not UCHL5 activity and promotes the degradation of ubiquitinated proteins."

reach
"H/R treatment substantially enhanced the expression levels of USP14 mRNA and protein expression (Figure 3A–C), and p‐p65 protein expression (Figures 3B and 3D) in HTR8/Svneo and B6Tert‐1 cell lines.3.4 Depletion of USP14 abrogated H/R-induced upregulation of USP14, p-p65, and proinflammatory cytokines."

reach
"We found that (i) USP14 could bind to AR, and additionally, both genetic and pharmacological inhibition of USP14 accelerated the ubiquitination and degradation of AR; (ii) downregulation or inhibition of USP14 suppressed cell proliferation and colony formation of LNcap cells and, conversely, overexpression of USP14 promoted the proliferation; and (iii) reduction or inhibition of USP14 induced G0/G1 phase arrest in LNcap prostate cancer cells."

reach
"In support of that finding, a small molecule inhibitor of USP14, called IU1, which blocks the catalytic activity of USP14, was found to enhance the in vitro degradation of model proteasome substrates (Lee et al., 2010)."
USP14 activates USP14.
| 2
USP14 activates USP14. 2 / 4
| 2

reach
"H/R treatment substantially enhanced the expression levels of USP14 mRNA and protein expression (Figure 3A–C), and p‐p65 protein expression (Figures 3B and 3D) in HTR8/Svneo and B6Tert‐1 cell lines.3.4 Depletion of USP14 abrogated H/R-induced upregulation of USP14, p-p65, and proinflammatory cytokines."

reach
"Furthermore, we found that NCOA4 was upregulated by ubiquitin specific peptidase 14 (USP14) via a deubiquitination process in damaged neurons, and we found evidence of pharmacological inhibition of USP14 effectively reducing NCOA4 levels to protect neurons from ferritinophagy-mediated ferroptosis."
USP14 decreases the amount of USP14.
| 2
USP14 decreases the amount of USP14. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"USP14 siRNA effectively suppressed expression of USP14 without affecting that of off target protein, p38."

reach
"Another example of neuroprotection was found in stroke, in which decreased expression of USP14 by microRNA or miR-124, as well as USP14 inactivation, was linked to neuron survival in the post-ischemic mouse brain 69."
USP14 increases the amount of USP14.
| 1
USP14 increases the amount of USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Our previous studies showed that transgenic over-expression of either wild type or catalytically inactive USP14 in the nervous system of mice increases the level of proteasomal-bound USP14 (Crimmins et al., 2009; Vaden et al., 2015; Walters et al., 2014)."
USP14 affects TAB2
1 | 6 5
USP14 binds TAB2.
| 3 5
| 3 5

sparser
"In contrast, the interaction between USP14 and TAB 2 induces deubiquitination of TAB 2, resulting in the inhibition of activation of NF-κB and p38 (Figure xref I, right)."

sparser
"Although USP14 and TRAF6 interaction did not affect TRAF6 ubiquitination, we found that USP14 interacted with TAB 2 and induced deubiquitination of TAB 2."

sparser
"These results suggest that USP14 interacts with the internal domain of TAB 2 as depicted in Figure xref C. We then examined whether USP14 affected the deubiquitination of TAB 2."

reach
"Although USP14 and TRAF6 interaction did not affect TRAF6 ubiquitination, we found that USP14 interacted with TAB 2 and induced deubiquitination of TAB 2."

reach
"In contrast, the interaction between USP14 and TAB 2 induces deubiquitination of TAB 2, resulting in the inhibition of activation of NF-kappaB and p38."

reach
"HA-TAB 2 protein was specifically precipitated with Myc-USP14 protein, indicating that USP14 interacted with TAB 2."

sparser
"These results demonstrate that USP14 and TAB 2 interaction can induce deubiquitination of TAB 2 that is ubiquitinated by TRAF6, leading to inhibition of NF-κB activation induced by TLR4 as depicted in Figure xref B."

sparser
"HA-TAB 2 protein was specifically precipitated with Myc-USP14 protein (Figure xref B, lane 2), indicating that USP14 interacted with TAB 2."
USP14 deubiquitinates TAB2.
1 | 3
USP14 leads to the deubiquitination of TAB2. 4 / 4
1 | 3

reach
"These results suggest that USP14 induces the deubiquitination of TAB 2."

"Taken together, our data demonstrate that USP14 can negatively regulate autophagy induction by inhibiting Beclin 1 ubiquitination, interrupting association between TRAF6 and Beclin 1, and affecting TLR4-induced activation of NF-魏B through deubiquitination of TAB 2 protein"

reach
"Since USP14 induced the deubiquitination of TAB 2, we then examined the functional regulation of TLR4 mediated signaling in Ctrl and USP14 KD THP-1 cells."

reach
"USP14 Induces Deubiquitination of TAB 2 and Inhibits TLR4 Mediated Signaling."
USP14 affects PSMD2
2 | 2 8
2 | 2 8

reach
"Given that USP14 reversibly associates with PSMD2, we reasoned that TRIM11 might impede the USP14-PSMD2 interaction."

sparser
"USP14 binds to PSMD2, while UCHL5 can form a complex with PSMD4 and ADRM1 ( xref ; xref ; xref )."

reach
"Indeed, the association between endogenous USP14 and PSMD2 was strongly inhibited upon TRIM11 overexpression, as shown by reciprocal co-IP assays using anti-USP14 and anti-PSMD2 antibodies."

sparser
"USP14 binds to the Rpn1 subunit in the base of the 19S RP ( Stone et al., 2004; Leggett et al., 2002 ), however USP14 does not appear to be a constituent subunit and can be dissociated from the protea[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

sparser
"Given that USP14 reversibly associates with PSMD2 (refs. xref , xref ), we reasoned that TRIM11 might impede the USP14-PSMD2 interaction."

No evidence text available

sparser
"This mode of targeting could be ubiquitin-independent because the substrate is presented to the proteasome by its positioning near the Usp14-Rpn1 region through the action of the ligand, without the requirement of previous ubiquitination."

No evidence text available

sparser
"Among them, PSMD2 appeared to be the most abundant, consistent with the previous finding that USP14 binds to the proteasome via PSMD2 (ref. xref )."

sparser
"Consistently, silencing TRIM28 using two independent shRNAs (Supplementary Fig.  xref ) failed to alter the levels of insoluble K48 polyUb conjugates (Supplementary Fig.  xref ) or the USP14-PSMD2 interaction (Supplementary Fig.  xref ), underscoring the specific effect of TRIM11 on the proteasome."
USP14 affects NFkappaB
| 10
USP14 inhibits NFkappaB.
| 7
| 7

reach
"Furthermore, USP14 was also found to inhibit the RIG-I-triggered NF-kappaB activation by deubiquitinating K63 linked RIG-I."

reach
"These results suggest that USP14 specifically enhanced NLRC5 mediated inhibition of NF-kappaB activation through the inhibition of NLRC5 ubiquitination via its DUB activity."

reach
"Because USP14 specifically enhanced NLRC5 mediated inhibition of NF-kappaB activation, we reasoned that USP14 deficiency would result in the accumulation of ubiquitinated NLRC5 and increased NF-kappaB activation under physiological conditions."

reach
"We found that overexpression of USP14 in 293/TLR4 cells suppressed NF-kappaB activity through TLR4 stimulation."

reach
"In this study, we aimed to clarify the role of the USP14-NLRC5 pathway in wear particle induced osteolysis in vitro and in vivo We found that NLRC5 or USP14 overexpression inhibits titanium particle induced proinflammatory tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production and NF-kappaB pathway activation, and also decreases M1 macrophage polarization and PI3K and AKT pathway activation."

reach
"Next, we tested whether USP14 also enhanced NLRC5 mediated inhibition of TRAF2/6 independent noncanonical NF-kappaB signaling."

reach
"These results suggest that USP14 inhibits NF-kappaB signaling in an NLRC5 dependent manner."
USP14 activates NFkappaB.
| 3
| 3

reach
"Importantly, we found that depletion of USP14 resulted in downregulation of TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐1β mRNA expression in HTR8/Svneo and B6Tert‐1 (Figure 4B–D), suggesting that USP14 regulates TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐1β expression through activation of NF‐κB activity.3.5 Inhibition of USP14 suppressed H/R-induced NF-kappaB and MAPK activation."

reach
"Conversely, USP14 KD THP-1 cells clearly enhanced NF-kappaB activation and the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1beta."

reach
"Based on these results, USP14 can induce the activation of NF-kappaB and regulate the up-regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-18 (IL-18) expression by activating the NF-kappaB signal pathway."
USP14 affects CTNNB1
| 8 1
USP14 decreases the amount of CTNNB1.
| 3
USP14 decreases the amount of CTNNB1. 3 / 3
| 3

reach
"Silencing USP14 causes a sharp drop in β-catenin protein levels."

reach
"Our study showed that downregulation of USP14 decreased the protein expression levels of beta-catenin, cyclin D1, and c-Myc in ESCC cells."

reach
"Mechanically, downregulation of USP14 decreased the protein expression levels of beta-catenin, cyclin D1, and c-Myc in ESCC cells."
USP14 activates CTNNB1.
| 1
USP14 activates CTNNB1. 1 / 3
| 1

reach
"USP14 can enhance the signal transduction of Wnt and beta-catenin."
USP14 inhibits CTNNB1.
| 2
USP14 inhibits CTNNB1. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"These data suggest that knockdown of USP14 inhibits the proliferation and tumorigenesis in ESCC cells by suppressing and inhibiting the Wnt and beta-catenin signaling pathway."

reach
"Downregulation of USP14 Suppresses the Activation of Wnt and beta-Catenin Signaling Pathway in ESCC Cells."
USP14 increases the amount of CTNNB1.
| 1
USP14 increases the amount of CTNNB1. 1 / 2
| 1

reach
"Contrary to what we saw in the hippocampi, loss of USP14 reduced the levels of FASN, RELA, and CTNNB1 but did not alter the level of SNAP23 in the livers of the ax mice (Figure 7c,d)."
USP14 binds CTNNB1.
| 1 1
| 1 1

sparser
"However, altered Usp14 levels were closely associated with β-catenin expression in colorectal cancer tissues ( P <0.0001) ( xref )."

reach
"Additionally, DUBs USP14, USP15, USP47, and Fam and USP9X have been reported to prevent beta-catenin turnover by inhibiting its Ub-proteasomal degradation, but the direct interaction between USP14 and beta-catenin is yet-to-be shown."
PSMD2 affects USP14
2 | 2 8
2 | 2 8

reach
"Given that USP14 reversibly associates with PSMD2, we reasoned that TRIM11 might impede the USP14-PSMD2 interaction."

sparser
"USP14 binds to PSMD2, while UCHL5 can form a complex with PSMD4 and ADRM1 ( xref ; xref ; xref )."

reach
"Indeed, the association between endogenous USP14 and PSMD2 was strongly inhibited upon TRIM11 overexpression, as shown by reciprocal co-IP assays using anti-USP14 and anti-PSMD2 antibodies."

sparser
"USP14 binds to the Rpn1 subunit in the base of the 19S RP ( Stone et al., 2004; Leggett et al., 2002 ), however USP14 does not appear to be a constituent subunit and can be dissociated from the protea[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

sparser
"Given that USP14 reversibly associates with PSMD2 (refs. xref , xref ), we reasoned that TRIM11 might impede the USP14-PSMD2 interaction."

No evidence text available

sparser
"This mode of targeting could be ubiquitin-independent because the substrate is presented to the proteasome by its positioning near the Usp14-Rpn1 region through the action of the ligand, without the requirement of previous ubiquitination."

No evidence text available

sparser
"Among them, PSMD2 appeared to be the most abundant, consistent with the previous finding that USP14 binds to the proteasome via PSMD2 (ref. xref )."

sparser
"Consistently, silencing TRIM28 using two independent shRNAs (Supplementary Fig.  xref ) failed to alter the levels of insoluble K48 polyUb conjugates (Supplementary Fig.  xref ) or the USP14-PSMD2 interaction (Supplementary Fig.  xref ), underscoring the specific effect of TRIM11 on the proteasome."
VIM affects USP14
2 | 3 5
2 | 3 5

reach
"Subsequent co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) experiments demonstrated an interaction between USP14 and vimentin in GC lines."

sparser
"These results demonstrated that BECN1 affected the ubiquitination of Vimentin through regulating the interaction between USP14 and Vimentin."

sparser
"For instance, in human gastric cancer cell lines, the deubiquitinating enzyme USP14 directly interacts with vimentin and stabilizes it through deubiquitination (Zhu et al., 2017)."

sparser
"In this study, we further verified the high expression levels of USP14 in GC cell lines and tissues and found that USP14 interacts with vimentin, de-ubiquitinates it, and increases its expression level in GC cells, which promotes cell aggressiveness, including the growth, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells."

No evidence text available

sparser
"Subsequent co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) experiments demonstrated an interaction between USP14 and vimentin in GC lines (Figure xref and xref )."

reach
"Furthermore, we explored the mechanism of the aberrant expression of vimentin and found that USP14 interacts with vimentin and de-ubiquitinates it."

reach
"In this study, we further verified the high expression levels of USP14 in GC cell lines and tissues and found that USP14 interacts with vimentin, de-ubiquitinates it, and increases its expression level in GC cells, which promotes cell aggressiveness, including the growth, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells."

No evidence text available

sparser
"Furthermore, we explored the mechanism of the aberrant expression of vimentin and found that USP14 interacts with vimentin and de-ubiquitinates it."
USP14 affects TRIM11
| 3 8
| 3 6

reach
"This, along with the PSMD2-TRIM11 interaction, raised the possibility that TRIM11 might also bind to USP14."

sparser
"TRIM11 interacts with USP14."

sparser
"This, along with the PSMD2-TRIM11 interaction, raised the possibility that TRIM11 might also bind to USP14."

sparser
"The TRIM11-USP14 interaction is likely to be direct, as shown by an in vitro pull-down assay using purified recombinant proteins (Fig.  xref )."

sparser
"Next, we delineated the structural determinants of the TRIM11-USP14 interaction."

sparser
"Structural determinants of the TRIM11-USP14 interaction."

reach
"The current study reveals a distinct proteasome-regulatory pathway based on stableprotein protein interaction, in which TRIM11 binds to USP14 precluding its recruitment to the RP subcomplex of the proteasome."

reach
"Indeed, Flag-TRIM11 expressed in HCT116 cells interacted with endogenous USP14, based on a co-IP assay with anti-Flag antibody and a reciprocal assay with anti-USP14 antibody."

sparser
"The current study reveals a distinct proteasome-regulatory pathway based on stable protein–protein interaction, in which TRIM11 binds to USP14 precluding its recruitment to the RP subcomplex of the proteasome."
USP14 binds TRIM11 and UBL. 2 / 2
| 2

sparser
"The most dramatic regulation of USP14 described to date is post-translational and involves the protein TRIM11, which binds the N-terminal ubiquitin-like domain of USP14 in competition with the proteasome ( xref )."

sparser
"TRIM11 interacts with the UBL domain of USP14 and may physically block its access to the RP."

reach
"USP14 and UCHL5 inhibitors induce accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins and endoplasmic reticulum stress response in ER + BCa."

reach
"Notably, in resting cells, USP14 tonically blocks ER associated degradation by interaction with IRE1alpha."

reach
"Inhibition of USP14 induces ER stress mediated autophagy without apoptosis in lung cancer cell line A549."

reach
"Inhibition of USP14 and UCHL5 activates caspase and triggers apoptosis of ER + BCa cells."
| 3

reach
"At the same time, liver specific knockout of USP14 eliminated the effect of ER stress on glucose metabolism and also improved hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance in obese mice."

reach
"Collectively, we suggest that inhibition of USP14 and UCHL5 potently blocks ERα signaling via downregulating the expression and transcriptional activity of ERα."

reach
"USP14 and UCHL5 inhibitors suppress the growth of ER + BCa cells."
USP14 increases the amount of endoplasmic reticulum.
| 2
USP14 increases the amount of endoplasmic reticulum. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Our results further demonstrate that USP14 depletion decreases the expression of ERα-regulated genes in EC-derived cell lines."

reach
"To investigate whether the downregulation of ERα was due to the inhibition of USP14 and UCHL5 in combination, we observed that IU1, an inhibitor of USP14 suppressed a little ERα expression in protein (Supplementary Fig. S4a–c)."
USP14 ubiquitinates endoplasmic reticulum.
| 1
USP14 leads to the ubiquitination of endoplasmic reticulum. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"We found that inhibitors of USP14 and UCHL5 dramatically increased the ubiquitinated ERα (Fig. 7d)."
USP14 affects cell growth
| 1 8 1
USP14 activates cell growth.
| 1 7
| 1 7

reach
"As shown in XREF_FIG, USP14 inhibition or silence failed to induce apoptosis or PARP cleavage but instead induced moderate decreases of p53 and Bax, suggesting that cell growth suppression mediated by USP14 inhibition or silence is through promoting cell proliferation, independent of cell death."

reach
"USP14 inhibition via administration of IU1 or USP14 specific siRNA and shRNA enhanced cell growth inhibition and apoptosis induction by enzalutamide in breast cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo."

reach
"It has been reported that USP14 expression was specifically upregulated in both lung adenocarcinoma cell lines and tumor tissues, and knockdown of USP14 expression significantly inhibited cell growth and cell cycle arrest in NSCLC cells XREF_BIBR."

reach
"USP14 depletion or IU1 treatment suppresses HCC cell growth in mice."

reach
"The knockdown of USP14 in HCC cells impairs cell growth and results in cell death."

reach
"Since we have observed that inhibition or knockdown of USP14 inhibited cell growth in LNcap cells, we further investigated whether USP14 inhibition or silence induces cell death of LNcap cells by measuring Annexin V-FITC and PI-positive cells with flow cytometry and by measuring PARP cleavage and p53 and Bax protein expression with western blot analyses."

eidos
"It has been reported that USP14 expression was specifically upregulated in both lung adenocarcinoma cell lines and tumor tissues , and knockdown of USP14 expression significantly inhibited cell growth and cell cycle arrest in NSCLC cells12 ."

reach
"Moreover, knockdown of USP14 or USP14-specific inhibitor treatment significantly suppresses cell growth and migration in EC cell lines or in mice."
USP14 inhibits cell growth.
| 1 1
| 1 1

reach
"We previously confirmed that a specific USP14 and UCH37 inhibitor b-AP15 4 inhibited tumor cell growth and induced apoptosis and in vitro (data not shown)."

sparser
"Since we have observed that inhibition or knockdown of USP14 inhibited cell growth in LNcap cells, we further investigated whether USP14 inhibition or silence induces cell death of LNcap cells by measuring Annexin V-FITC/PI-positive cells with flow cytometry and by measuring PARP cleavage and p53 and Bax protein expression with western blot analyses."
USP14 affects GST
| 1 9
| 1 9

sparser
"We purified USP14 and USP14(C114A) and their glutathione S-transferase (GST)-conjugated counterparts [GST-USP14 and GST-USP14(C114A), respectively] using previously described methods7, with some modifications."

sparser
"To identify USP14 aptamers, we used SELEX techniques with GST-USP14 (78 kDa), while USP14 (53 kDa) was also expressed and purified for subsequent analysis with aptamers and proteasomes (Fig. 1A)."

sparser
"The random RNA library contained random 40-nt sequences, flanked by a 3' region (23 bp) and a sequence containing the T7 promoter (46 bp, underlined). (C) Scheme for the SELEX strategy. (1) Purified RNAs were incubated with GST-USP14. (2) USP14-RNA complexes were captured by glutathione agarose beads. (3) Unbound RNA molecules were removed by centrifugation."

reach
"Endogenous Usp14 protein derived from mouse brain lysates specifically bound to the immobilized GST tagged GABA A R alpha1 loop, but not to GST alone (XREF_FIG), indicating in vitro binding of the protease and the receptor polypeptide."

sparser
"Purified GST (data not shown), GST-USP14, GST-USP14(C114A), USP14, and USP14(C114A) were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and gels were stained with Coomassie Brilliant Blue R-250 (CBB) to determine the size and purity of proteins (Fig. 1A)."

sparser
"The random RNA library contained random 40-nt sequences, flanked by a 3’ region (23 bp) and a sequence containing the T7 promoter (46 bp, underlined). (C) Scheme for the SELEX strategy. (1) Purified RNAs were incubated with GST-USP14. (2) USP14-RNA complexes were captured by glutathione agarose beads. (3) Unbound RNA molecules were removed by centrifugation. (4) USP14-RNA complexes were dissociated with elution buffer containing excess imidazole. (5) RNAs bound to USP14 were prepared by phenol:chloroform extraction and ethanol precipitation."

sparser
"We loaded and immobilized 2 pmol of GST-USP14 or GST onto a GST sepharose 4B resin, and then added 20 pmol of RNA aptamers."

sparser
"Purification of USP14 and human proteasomes, preparation of vme-proteasomes, and SELEX for USP14 aptamers. (A) Approximately 1 μ g of purified recombinant USP14, USP14(C114A), GST-USP14, and GST-USP14(C114A) was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB) staining."

sparser
"After washing with PBS, GST-USP14 was eluted using 10 mM reduced glutathione (50 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0)."

sparser
"Figure 1: (A) Approximately 1 μg of purified recombinant USP14, USP14(C114A), GST-USP14, and GST-USP14(C114A) was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB) staining."
YTHDF1 affects USP14
| 5 4
YTHDF1 activates USP14.
| 5
YTHDF1 activates USP14. 5 / 5
| 5

reach
"Intersection assays revealed that YTHDF1 promoted USP14 protein translation in an m 6 A dependent manner."

reach
"Previous studies have reported that YTHDF1 promotes the occurrence and metastasis of gastric cancer in an m6A-dependent manner by promoting the translation of USP14 and it may represent a potential target for gastric cancer treatment (Chen et al. 2021c)."

reach
"We herein found that YTHDF1 could promote USP14 protein translation in a m 6 A dependent manner and USP14 overexpression reversed the tumor suppressive effects caused by YTHDF1 knockdown in GC cells."

reach
"We found that knockdown of YTHDF1 decreased the protein abundance of USP14 rather than its transcription levels in AGS and BGC-823 cells as expected by RT-qPCR and western blotting analysis (XREF_FIG)."

reach
"Our findings indicated that YTHDF1 could promote USP14 protein translation in a m 6 A dependent manner, leading to gastric carcinogenesis (XREF_FIG)."
YTHDF1 binds USP14.
| 4
| 4

sparser
"Based on the Co-IP assay, YTHDF1 protein was not bound to USP14 protein in BGC-823 cells ( xref )."

sparser
"To confirm the binding of USP14 mRNA with YTHDF1 protein, a RNA pull down assay was performed in BGC-823 cells using a biotinylated USP14 probe and showed that YTHDF1 was abundantly pulled down by the biotin-coupled USP14 probe rather than the control probe in BGC-823 cells ( xref )."

sparser
"These data illustrated that YTHDF1 could directly bind with USP14 mRNA and facilitated its protein translation in a m 6 A-dependent manner."

sparser
"Based on our findings and the above research reports, we believe that the YTHDF1-USP14 expression mechanism has important significance in GC development, and should be forward investigated for GC prognosis, treatment or diagnosis."
USP14 affects TARDBP
1 | 8
USP14 activates TARDBP.
| 4
USP14 activates TARDBP. 4 / 4
| 4

reach
"Intriguingly, Lee et al. demonstrated that IU1, a selective small-molecule inhibitor of USP14, accelerated proteasomal degradation of tau and TDP-43, which have been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases XREF_BIBR."

reach
"It has been shown that proteasome-associated USP14 deubiquitinates TDP-43 and that USP14 inhibition accelerates TDP-43 turnover."

reach
"Conversely, a selective inhibitor of USP14, IU1, promoted degradation of overexpressed tau, TDP-43 and ataxin-3 [XREF_BIBR]."

reach
"Although pharmacological inhibitors of USP14's ubiquitin-hydrolase activity reduced microtubule associate protein tau, tar DNA binding protein, and prion protein in culture, the effect was similar in wild type and USP14-deficient neurons, thus impacting their use for specifically evaluating USP14 in a therapeutic manner."
USP14 increases the amount of TARDBP.
1 | 2
USP14 increases the amount of TARDBP. 3 / 3
1 | 2

"The DUB USP14 suppresses turnover of Tau and TDP-43 in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) by impairing the protea-some;"

reach
"In particular, overexpression of WT USP14 in mouse embryonic fibroblasts leads to increased TDP-43 levels."

reach
"However, similar to what we observed in the hippocampi (Figure 2), this genetic reduction of USP14 was not sufficient to decrease the levels of the TARDBP, PRNP, or MAPT proteins, as the steady-state levels of these proteins were similar in the cortical neurons cultured from the USP14-deficient mice and the wild type controls (Figure S3)."
USP14 inhibits TARDBP.
| 2
USP14 inhibits TARDBP. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Previous in vitro studies indicated that either loss of USP14 or inhibition of USP14’s catalytic activity increased the degradation of both model proteasome substrates and over-expressed TARDBP, PRNP, and MAPT proteins in cultured cells (Hanna et al., 2006; Homma et al., 2015; Lee et al., 2010; Lee et al., 2011)."

reach
"The DUB USP14 suppresses turnover of Tau and TDP-43 in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) by impairing the protea-some; therefore, small-molecule inhibitors of USP14 could help clear these toxic proteins from cells."
| 1 5

reach
"To investigate the molecular mechanism by which USP14 promoted proliferation and invasion in ESCC cells, we examined the effects of USP14 on the activation of the Wnt and beta-catenin signaling pathway."

reach
"Overexpression of USP14 could enhance proliferation, prevent apoptosis and promote invasion and migration of PDAC cells."

reach
"Furthermore, administration of the IU1-47 small molecule or siRNA inhibition of USP14 was demonstrated to significantly decrease lung cell proliferation, migration, and invasion."

reach
"In addition, IU1, a small-molecule inhibitor of USP14, accelerated the degradation of a subset of proteasome substrates and suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in lung cancer and cervical cancer."

eidos
"USP14 depletion or its specific inhibitor IU1 treatment decreased cell proliferation , invasion , migration , and Vascular Mimicry ( VM ) formation even under hypoxia conditions in HCC cell lines ."

reach
"Genetic or pharmaceutical inhibition of USP14 has been shown to significantly decrease the proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cells."

reach
"The overexpression of USP14 in USP14 low expression cell lines promoted cell proliferation and migration, whereas USP14 downregulation suppressed tumor cell proliferation, decreased tumor cell colony number, increased apoptosis rate, and decreased cell migration and invasion."

reach
"Downregulation of USP14 also suppressed the migration and invasion in ESCC cells."

reach
"Downregulation of USP14 Suppresses the Migration and Invasion of ESCC Cells."
USP14 affects NFKB2
| 7 2
USP14 binds NFKB2.
| 5 2
| 5 1

reach
"The interaction between USP14 and p52 facilitated TRIM14‐mediated de‐ubiquitination and stabilization of p52, which also required the protease activity of USP14 (Figure 5G)."

sparser
"The interaction between USP14 and p52 facilitated TRIM14‐mediated de‐ubiquitination and stabilization of p52, which also required the protease activity of USP14 (Figure xref G)."

reach
"We also confirmed that TRIM14 depletion not only disrupted the association between USP14 and p100/p52, but also enhanced p100 ubiquitination, and thus leading to the degradation of p100/p52 (Figure 5H)."

reach
"USP14 interacted with full length (FL) p100 and p52, but not the C‐terminal region of p100, and this interaction was augmented by TRIM14 (Figure S7B, Supporting Information)."

reach
"USP14 interacted with full length (FL) p100 and p52, but not the C‐terminal region of p100, and this interaction was augmented by TRIM14 (Figure S7B, Supporting Information)."

reach
"We also confirmed that TRIM14 depletion not only disrupted the association between USP14 and p100/p52, but also enhanced p100 ubiquitination, and thus leading to the degradation of p100/p52 (Figure 5H)."
| 1

sparser
"USP14 interacted with full length (FL) p100 and p52, but not the C‐terminal region of p100, and this interaction was augmented by TRIM14 (Figure S7B, Supporting Information)."
USP14 increases the amount of NFKB2.
| 2
USP14 increases the amount of NFKB2. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Here, we found that USP14 rather than BRCC3 enhanced p100 and p52 protein levels in the presence of TRIM14, and that was dependent upon its catalytic activity (Figure S7A, Supporting Information)."

reach
"Here, we found that USP14 rather than BRCC3 enhanced p100 and p52 protein levels in the presence of TRIM14, and that was dependent upon its catalytic activity (Figure S7A, Supporting Information)."
USP14 affects MDM2
| 5 4
USP14 binds MDM2.
| 2 4
| 2 4

sparser
"In the current study, we studied the cell proliferation status after IU1 treatment and the USP14-MDM2 protein interaction in cervical cancer cells."

sparser
"Moreover, co-immunoprecipitation assays showed that USP14 formed a complex with MDM2 (Figure xref B), which was consistent with the hypothesis that USP14 could bind to MDM2 and stabilize it."

sparser
"Whereas MDM2 could interact with USP14, which removed the conjugated polyubiquitin chains from MDM2 and increased the stabilization of MDM2 protein."

sparser
"In conclusion, this work has provided a novel insight into the interaction between proteasome-associated DUB USP14 and MDM2 in cervical cancer cells."

reach
"Whereas MDM2 could interact with USP14, which removed the conjugated polyubiquitin chains from MDM2 and increased the stabilization of MDM2 protein."

reach
"Moreover, co-immunoprecipitation assays showed that USP14 formed a complex with MDM2, which was consistent with the hypothesis that USP14 could bind to MDM2 and stabilize it."
USP14 decreases the amount of MDM2.
| 3
USP14 decreases the amount of MDM2. 3 / 3
| 3

reach
"USP14 inhibition downregulates AR and PSA and increases MDM2 expression."

reach
"Our current study showed that IU1, a pharmacological deubiquitinating enzyme USP14 selective inhibitor, dramatically decreased MDM2 level, blocked G0/G1 to S phase transition, decreased cell growth and triggered cell apoptosis in cervical cancer cells, suggesting that targeting USP14 and MDM2 axis could be a potential strategy for cervical cancer therapy."

reach
"As shown above, USP14 decreases the expression and phosphorylation of MDM2."
| 1 8
USP14 inhibits Cell Survival.
| 1 4
| 1 4

eidos
"Similarly , UbVs were generated with high affinity for USP14 , which inhibited Ub signaling and cell survival in yeast [ 106 ] ."

reach
"Interference of USP14 suppressed MCL cell viability, potentiated cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and ibrutinib sensitivity."

reach
"USP14 and UCHL5 short interfering RNA knockdown decreases MM cell viability."

reach
"Knock-down of USP14 in multiple myeloma cells induces loss of cell viability."

reach
"Similarly, UbVs were generated with high affinity for USP14, which inhibited Ub signaling and cell survival in yeast [XREF_BIBR]."
USP14 activates Cell Survival.
| 4
| 4

reach
"As shown in Figure XREF_FIG, pharmacological inhibition of USP14 caused dose dependent inhibition of cell viability in endometrial cancer cell lines with an IC 50 of 181.3 and 117.5 nM for HEC155 (left panel) and ECC1 (right panel), respectively."

reach
"Knocking down USP14 in HCC cells was reported to alter the cell cycle and induce apoptosis.Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of USP14 using b-AP15 significantly diminished cell viability."

reach
"However, USP14 over-expression significantly promoted the cell viability of OSCC cells after IR treatment."

reach
"The MTT assay showed that USP14 overexpression increased the cell viability in BGC-823 and MGC-803 cells, and the knockdown of USP14 repressed the cell viability in BGC-823 and MGC-803 cells."
TAB2 affects USP14
| 3 5
| 3 5

sparser
"In contrast, the interaction between USP14 and TAB 2 induces deubiquitination of TAB 2, resulting in the inhibition of activation of NF-κB and p38 (Figure xref I, right)."

sparser
"Although USP14 and TRAF6 interaction did not affect TRAF6 ubiquitination, we found that USP14 interacted with TAB 2 and induced deubiquitination of TAB 2."

sparser
"These results suggest that USP14 interacts with the internal domain of TAB 2 as depicted in Figure xref C. We then examined whether USP14 affected the deubiquitination of TAB 2."

reach
"Although USP14 and TRAF6 interaction did not affect TRAF6 ubiquitination, we found that USP14 interacted with TAB 2 and induced deubiquitination of TAB 2."

reach
"In contrast, the interaction between USP14 and TAB 2 induces deubiquitination of TAB 2, resulting in the inhibition of activation of NF-kappaB and p38."

reach
"HA-TAB 2 protein was specifically precipitated with Myc-USP14 protein, indicating that USP14 interacted with TAB 2."

sparser
"These results demonstrate that USP14 and TAB 2 interaction can induce deubiquitination of TAB 2 that is ubiquitinated by TRAF6, leading to inhibition of NF-κB activation induced by TLR4 as depicted in Figure xref B."

sparser
"HA-TAB 2 protein was specifically precipitated with Myc-USP14 protein (Figure xref B, lane 2), indicating that USP14 interacted with TAB 2."
HSPA8 affects USP14
| 2 6
HSPA8 binds USP14.
| 1 6
| 1 5

sparser
"Another axis that mediates cross-talk between the proteasome and autophagy is the Usp14-Hsc70 axis."

sparser
"Using proteomic and in vitro cellular approaches for HD, Srinivasan and colleagues demonstrated that Usp14 and the chaperon Hsc70 dynamically interact."

sparser
"These findings demonstrated that modulating the USP14-HSC70 axis might offer an effective target in the management of Huntington’s disease by disturbing multiple proteastatic pathways."

sparser
"Proteasome inhibition enhanced binding of USP14 to HSC70, and to XBP1u and IRE1α proteins, demonstrating a role in the unfolded protein response."

reach
"Proteasome inhibition enhanced binding of USP14 to HSC70, and to XBP1u and IRE1alpha proteins, demonstrating a role in the unfolded protein response."

sparser
"Regulation of the USP14-HSC70 axis is therefore a potential therapeutic approach for Huntington disease, as it would beneficially affect a variety of protein homeostasis pathways ( xref )."

sparser
"Overexpression of mutant USP14-W58A disrupted the interaction of USP14 with the 26S proteasome, while enhanced the binding of USP14 to the HSC70 chaperone and GABARAP autophagic protein ( xref )."
HSPA8 activates USP14.
| 1
HSPA8 activates USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Striatal neurons expressing mutant huntingtin exhibited reduced USP14 and HSC70 levels, whereas inhibition of HSC70 downregulated USP14."
CD36 affects USP14
| 1 7
CD36 binds USP14.
| 7
USP14 binds CD36. 7 / 7
| 7

sparser
"These results indicated that CD36 is associated with the deubiquitinase USP14."

sparser
"We found that USP14 interacts with CD36 and identified that USP14 as an CD36 DUB by cleaving its polyubiquitin chains in macrophages to inhibit proteasome‐mediated degradation of CD36."

sparser
"To determine whether the interaction exists between USP14 protein and CD36 protein, the co‐immunoprecipitation (co‐IP) assay was performed."

sparser
"The results indicated that USP14 directly binds CD36 protein (Figure xref A, B)."

sparser
"To further investigate the interaction of USP14 and CD36, we performed the molecular simulations for these two proteins."

sparser
"Based on the results, we found that 60‐kD USP14, a deubiquitinating enzyme, was specifically bound to CD36 (Figure xref A‐C)."

sparser
"As shown in Figure xref D‐F, three‐dimensional crystal structure and CD36USP14 complex crystal structure determined that CD36 interacted with USP14."
CD36 activates USP14.
| 1
CD36 activates USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Blocking CD36 activation using antibody dependent blocking assay remarkably attenuated the function of USP14 on the formation of foam cell."
| 4

reach
"Ctrl and USP14 KD THP-1 cells were treated with or without LPS for different time periods and the activation of TLR4 downstream signaling molecules was analyzed by western blotting."

reach
"We next found that LPS increased the deubiquitylating activity of USP14 and confirmed the inhibitory effect of IU1 on USP14 activity (XREF_FIG)."

reach
"Here, we provided further evidence showing that LPS increases USP14 activity."

reach
"To verify such results, Ctrl or USP14 KD THP-1 cells were treated with or without LPS and then NF-kappaB activation was assessed by using p65- or p50-DNA binding assay."
Lipopolysaccharide phosphorylates USP14.
| 3
Lipopolysaccharide leads to the phosphorylation of USP14 on serine. 3 / 3
| 3

reach
"Previously, we showed that LPS stimulates the serine phosphorylation of USP14."

reach
"In addition, LPS treatment induced serine phosphorylation of USP14 quickly."

reach
"In addition, treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced the serine phosphorylation of USP14, further deregulating the levels of I-κB in USP14-overexpressing cells (Table 2) (Liu et al., 2017)."
USP14 affects tumor growth
| 5
USP14 activates tumor growth. 5 / 7
| 5

eidos
"In summary , our study demonstrates that USP14 is a key regulator of cell proliferation in NB and the inhibition of USP14 suppresses tumor growth in vitro and in vivo ."

eidos
"We also found that downregulation of USP14 significantly inhibited ESCC cell proliferation and ESCC tumor growth in nude mice ."

eidos
"These results indicate that USP14 inhibition suppresses tumor growth in vivo by inducing NB cell apoptosis ."

eidos
"Our data demonstrate that USP14 inhibition induces NB cell apoptosis and suppresses tumor growth ."

eidos
"Downregulation of USP14 significantly inhibited ESCC cell proliferation and ESCC tumor growth in nude mice ."
USP14 affects cisplatin
| 7
USP14 activates cisplatin.
| 4
| 4

reach
"As data shown, USP14 silencing significantly decreased the cisplatin IC50 by 4‐5 folds in these cells (Figure 3E,F)."

reach
"Genetic knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of USP14 reversed cisplatin resistance in EOC cells and was accompanied by the decreased expression of BCL6 (Wang YQ."

reach
"Recently, researches have revealed USP14 enhances cisplatin resistance through affecting Akt and ERK signaling pathways and accelerates cell proliferation and migration in GC."

reach
"CCK-8 assay results showed that inhibition of USP14 by a specific inhibitor or siRNA decreased cisplatin cytotoxicity in A2780 cells."
USP14 inhibits cisplatin.
| 3
| 3

reach
"Silencing USP14 increased the tumor antagonistic action of DDP in A549 cisplatin-resistant (A549/DDP) cells, while USP14 overexpression decreased the antagonist effects."

reach
"As AKT and ERK signaling pathways play important roles in a wide range of cellular activities, there might be multiple biological processes that have contributed to the sensitization of GC cells to cisplatin by USP14 suppression."

reach
"Cisplatin resistance induced by USP14 inhibition was counteracted by Cx32 knockdown."
USP14 affects Neoplasms
| 7
USP14 activates Neoplasms.
| 4
| 4

reach
"USP14 promotes tumor progress in HCC even under hypoxia conditions."

reach
"Moreover, we provided the evidence to show that knockdown of USP14 or USP14 inhibitor (IU1) treatment inhibited tumor growth in tumor-bearing nude mice."

reach
"Moreover, we provided the evidence to demonstrate that knockdown of USP14 or IU1 treatment inhibited tumor growth in mice."

reach
"It has been demonstrated that a specific USP14 and UCH37 inhibitor b-AP15 inhibits the growth of tumor with P53 deficiency [15]."
USP14 inhibits Neoplasms.
| 3
| 3

reach
"Silencing USP14 increased the tumor antagonistic action of DDP in A549 cisplatin-resistant (A549/DDP) cells, while USP14 overexpression decreased the antagonist effects."

reach
"Treatment with b-AP15, a UCHL5 and USP14 deubiquitinating activity inhibitor in 19S regulatory subunit, induces tumor regression and prolong the survival period of tumor-loaded mice through down-regulation of COPS5 and its downstream AP-1 and E2F1, and up-regulation of the cell cycle-related proteins p27 and Cyclin E1."

reach
"Interestingly, b-AP15, a dual inhibitor of Usp14 and Uch37, was shown to prevent protein degradation and inhibit tumor progression in acute myeloid leukemia models [222]."
| 4

reach
"Ubiquitin specific protease 14 (USP14) promotes proliferation and metastasis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma."

reach
"30 Overall, these data suggest that increased expression of Usp14 may enhance beta-catenin-mediated transformation of normal colon cells, but not metastasis of malignant colon cancer cells."

reach
"In addition, depletion of USP14 led to proteasome-dependent degradation of TAZ and ultimately arrested PDAC tumour growth and liver metastasis."

reach
"In contrast, studies using OSCC cells have demonstrated that TGF-beta signals can mediate Epithelial- mesenchymal transitions, further contributing to cancer cells migration and invasion (Meng et al.,[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
| 2

reach
"For example, Zhu et al. reported that expression of USP14 was increased in breast cancer tissues, and downregulation of USP14 significantly inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation and metastasis XREF_BIBR."

reach
"The downregulation of USP14 significantly inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation and metastasis."
USP14 affects HSPA8
| 1 6
| 1 5

sparser
"Another axis that mediates cross-talk between the proteasome and autophagy is the Usp14-Hsc70 axis."

sparser
"Using proteomic and in vitro cellular approaches for HD, Srinivasan and colleagues demonstrated that Usp14 and the chaperon Hsc70 dynamically interact."

sparser
"These findings demonstrated that modulating the USP14-HSC70 axis might offer an effective target in the management of Huntington’s disease by disturbing multiple proteastatic pathways."

sparser
"Proteasome inhibition enhanced binding of USP14 to HSC70, and to XBP1u and IRE1α proteins, demonstrating a role in the unfolded protein response."

reach
"Proteasome inhibition enhanced binding of USP14 to HSC70, and to XBP1u and IRE1alpha proteins, demonstrating a role in the unfolded protein response."

sparser
"Regulation of the USP14-HSC70 axis is therefore a potential therapeutic approach for Huntington disease, as it would beneficially affect a variety of protein homeostasis pathways ( xref )."

sparser
"Overexpression of mutant USP14-W58A disrupted the interaction of USP14 with the 26S proteasome, while enhanced the binding of USP14 to the HSC70 chaperone and GABARAP autophagic protein ( xref )."
USP14 affects FAM126A
| 7
USP14 activates FAM126A. 7 / 7
| 7

reach
"The above results suggested USP14 promotes HCC cell proliferation partially in a HIF1-α-dependent manner."

reach
"Collectively, these data demonstrated that USP14 promoted HCC proliferation and tumor growth.To further verify whether ablation of USP14 or/and a selective deubiquitination activity inhibitor of USP14 (IU1) could restrain HCC growth in animals, we implanted subcutaneously USP14-depleted HCCLM3 cells stably expressing USP14-specific shRNA (shUSP14) or control shRNA (shCtrl) and monitored tumor growth as they were treated with IU1 or vehicle (Figure S4A, B)."

reach
"Additionally, USP14 depletion and its inhibitor IU1 significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis in HCC, suggesting that USP14 might be a potential therapeutic target for HCC."

reach
"USP14 promotes tumor progress in HCC even under hypoxia conditions."

reach
"USP14 increases cell proliferation in HCC cell lines."

reach
"USP14 depletion or IU1 treatment suppresses HCC cell growth in mice."

reach
"USP14 enhances HIF1-alpha-mediated transactivation in HCC cells."
USP14 affects CD36
| 7
USP14 binds CD36. 7 / 7
| 7

sparser
"These results indicated that CD36 is associated with the deubiquitinase USP14."

sparser
"We found that USP14 interacts with CD36 and identified that USP14 as an CD36 DUB by cleaving its polyubiquitin chains in macrophages to inhibit proteasome‐mediated degradation of CD36."

sparser
"To determine whether the interaction exists between USP14 protein and CD36 protein, the co‐immunoprecipitation (co‐IP) assay was performed."

sparser
"The results indicated that USP14 directly binds CD36 protein (Figure xref A, B)."

sparser
"To further investigate the interaction of USP14 and CD36, we performed the molecular simulations for these two proteins."

sparser
"Based on the results, we found that 60‐kD USP14, a deubiquitinating enzyme, was specifically bound to CD36 (Figure xref A‐C)."

sparser
"As shown in Figure xref D‐F, three‐dimensional crystal structure and CD36USP14 complex crystal structure determined that CD36 interacted with USP14."
USP14 affects AKT
| 7
USP14 activates AKT.
| 4
USP14 activates AKT. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"As reported, USP14 was activated by AKT,32 so the non‐effect of mTOR activator on SPAG5 indicated that it was AKT, rather than mTOR that activated USP14 and led to upregulation of SPAG5 level in HG‐treated HPCs."

reach
"19 In addition, small USP14 inhibitors, such as WP1130, b‐AP15, AC17, and pyrithione, could dramatically suppressed cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis in various malignancies.9, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 However, we did not observe any disturbed biological process, such as cell cycle progression, cell proliferation, and apoptosis, in USP14‐deficient GC cells, although silencing of USP14 dramatically inhibited Akt and ERK signaling pathways."
USP14 activates phosphorylated AKT. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Silencing of USP14 promoted proteasomal degradation of p-ERK (T202/Y204) and p-Akt (T308/S473), thus inactivating Akt and ERK signaling pathways."

reach
"Silencing of USP14 promoted proteasomal degradation of p-ERK (T202 and Y204) and p-Akt (T308 and S473), thus inactivating Akt and ERK signaling pathways."
USP14 binds AKT.
| 2
| 2

reach
"We first examined the interaction between USP14 and Akt using a co-immunoprecipitation assay."

reach
"We first confirmed that Akt interacts with USP14 and examined the interaction between radixin and USP14 using a co-immunopecipitation assay."
USP14 deubiquitinates AKT.
| 1
USP14 deubiquitinates AKT. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Mechanistically, USP14 deubiquitinates and activates PI3K/AKT in HCC cells."
SPAG5 affects USP14
| 5 2
SPAG5 activates USP14.
| 3
SPAG5 activates USP14. 3 / 3
| 3

reach
"Since SPAG5‐AS1 can activate AKT/mTOR pathway, we suggested that SPAG5‐AS1 induced p‐USP14 (ser432) through AKT."

reach
"These findings indicated the reciprocal activation between USP14 and AKT mediated by SPAG5‐AS1/SPAG5 in HG‐treated HPCs."

reach
"Also, we validated that SPAG5‐AS1 could induce p‐USP14 (ser432)."
SPAG5 phosphorylates USP14.
| 1 1
SPAG5 leads to the phosphorylation of USP14. 2 / 2
| 1 1

sparser
"In addition, former study stated that activating AKT induced phosphorylation and activation of USP14. xref Since we have proved that SPAG5‐AS1 positively regulated AKT/mTOR pathway in HG‐treated HPCs, we tried to test whether SPAG5‐AS1 could induce USP14 phosphorylation."

reach
"32 Since we have proved that SPAG5‐AS1 positively regulated AKT/mTOR pathway in HG‐treated HPCs, we tried to test whether SPAG5‐AS1 could induce USP14 phosphorylation."
SPAG5 binds USP14.
| 1 1
| 1 1

reach
"Co‐IP assay demonstrated that in HG‐treated HPCs, SPAG5 was enriched in the precipitated products of anti‐USP14, and silencing SPAG5‐AS1 reduced such enrichment, with the input level of SPAG5 reduced and input level of USP14 unchanged (Figure 6D), indicating that SPAG5‐AS1 mediated the binding of USP14 to SPAG5."

sparser
"Co‐IP assay demonstrated that in HG‐treated HPCs, SPAG5 was enriched in the precipitated products of anti‐USP14, and silencing SPAG5‐AS1 reduced such enrichment, with the input level of SPAG5 reduced and input level of USP14 unchanged (Figure xref D), indicating that SPAG5‐AS1 mediated the binding of USP14 to SPAG5."
NFKB2 affects USP14
| 5 2
| 5 1

reach
"The interaction between USP14 and p52 facilitated TRIM14‐mediated de‐ubiquitination and stabilization of p52, which also required the protease activity of USP14 (Figure 5G)."

sparser
"The interaction between USP14 and p52 facilitated TRIM14‐mediated de‐ubiquitination and stabilization of p52, which also required the protease activity of USP14 (Figure xref G)."

reach
"We also confirmed that TRIM14 depletion not only disrupted the association between USP14 and p100/p52, but also enhanced p100 ubiquitination, and thus leading to the degradation of p100/p52 (Figure 5H)."

reach
"USP14 interacted with full length (FL) p100 and p52, but not the C‐terminal region of p100, and this interaction was augmented by TRIM14 (Figure S7B, Supporting Information)."

reach
"USP14 interacted with full length (FL) p100 and p52, but not the C‐terminal region of p100, and this interaction was augmented by TRIM14 (Figure S7B, Supporting Information)."

reach
"We also confirmed that TRIM14 depletion not only disrupted the association between USP14 and p100/p52, but also enhanced p100 ubiquitination, and thus leading to the degradation of p100/p52 (Figure 5H)."
| 1

sparser
"USP14 interacted with full length (FL) p100 and p52, but not the C‐terminal region of p100, and this interaction was augmented by TRIM14 (Figure S7B, Supporting Information)."
Aur affects USP14
| 3 3
Aur inhibits USP14. 6 / 6
| 3 3

reach
"We found that the remaining active forms of both UCHL5 and USP14 (i.e., those can be covalently bound by HA-UbVS) were clearly reduced in the 26S proteasomes pre-treated with Aur at 2 muM and became completely undetectable in those pre-treated with 40 muM Aur, indicating that Aur inhibits both UCHL5 and USP14."

reach
"Here we report that (i) Aur shows proteasome-inhibitory effect that is comparable to that of bortezomib and Velcade (Vel); (ii) different from bortezomib, Aur inhibits proteasome associated deubiquitinases (DUBs) UCHL5 and USP14 rather than the 20S proteasome; (iii) inhibition of the proteasome associated DUBs is required for Aur induced cytotoxicity; and (iv) Aur selectively inhibits tumor growth in vivo and induces cytotoxicity in cancer cells from acute myeloid leukemia patients."

sparser
"We found that the remaining active forms of both UCHL5 and USP14 (i.e., those can be covalently bound by HA-UbVS) were clearly reduced in the 26S proteasomes pre-treated with Aur at 2 μM and became completely undetectable in those pre-treated with 40 μM Aur (Fig. xref ), indicating that Aur inhibits both UCHL5 and USP14."

sparser
"Molecularly, Aur inhibits 19S-associated DUBs USP14 and UCHL5 [ xref , xref ]."

reach
"However, we have recently unraveled that Aur inhibits 19S proteasome associated DUBs (mainly UCHL5 and USP14), accumulates ubiquitinated proteins (Ub-prs), and induces unfolded protein response (UPR) followed by cell apoptosis."

sparser
"Here we report that (i) Aur shows proteasome-inhibitory effect that is comparable to that of bortezomib/Velcade (Vel); (ii) different from bortezomib, Aur inhibits proteasome-associated deubiquitinases (DUBs) UCHL5 and USP14 rather than the 20S proteasome; (iii) inhibition of the proteasome-associated DUBs is required for Aur-induced cytotoxicity; and (iv) Aur selectively inhibits tumor growth in vivo and induces cytotoxicity in cancer cells from acute myeloid leukemia patients."
USP14 affects degradation
| 6
USP14 inhibits degradation. 6 / 6
| 6

sparser
"USP14 is closely associated with the proteasome, and an earlier report described that USP14 inhibits the degradation of ubiquitinated proteins by the proteasome ( xref )."

sparser
"USP14, a proteasome‐associated DUB, inhibits the degradation of ubiquitin‐protein conjugates both in vivo and in vitro ."

sparser
"Like Ubp6, Usp14 inhibited the degradation of Ub-cyclin B ( xref )."

sparser
"USP14 inhibited the degradation of YFP-CL1, as overexpression of USP14 increased YFP-CL1 abundance (Supplementary Fig.  xref ), while silencing USP14 accelerated YFP-CL1 degradation (Fig.  xref )."

sparser
"We further detected the change of MDM2-AR interaction using co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP), and found that USP14 inhibition or silence increased the binding of MDM2 to AR ( xref ), suggesting that USP14 inhibits the degradation of AR by decreasing the expression and phosphorylation of MDM2."

sparser
"It is possible that USP14 can promote or inhibit degradation depending on the individual substrate in question."
USP14 affects YTHDF1
| 2 4
USP14 binds YTHDF1.
| 4
| 4

sparser
"Based on the Co-IP assay, YTHDF1 protein was not bound to USP14 protein in BGC-823 cells ( xref )."

sparser
"To confirm the binding of USP14 mRNA with YTHDF1 protein, a RNA pull down assay was performed in BGC-823 cells using a biotinylated USP14 probe and showed that YTHDF1 was abundantly pulled down by the biotin-coupled USP14 probe rather than the control probe in BGC-823 cells ( xref )."

sparser
"These data illustrated that YTHDF1 could directly bind with USP14 mRNA and facilitated its protein translation in a m 6 A-dependent manner."

sparser
"Based on our findings and the above research reports, we believe that the YTHDF1-USP14 expression mechanism has important significance in GC development, and should be forward investigated for GC prognosis, treatment or diagnosis."
USP14 activates YTHDF1.
| 2
USP14 activates YTHDF1. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Knockdown of YTHDF1 suppressed cell growth and colony formation, while overexpression of USP14 could rescue sh-YTHDF1 expressing GC cells from these effects (XREF_SUPPLEMENTARY)."

reach
"We then investigated whether overexpression of USP14 could restore the delayed tumor progression phenotype in YTHDF1 deficient AGS and BGC-823 cells."
USP14 affects UBP6
| 3 3
| 3 3

reach
"This mutual interaction of USP14 and Ubp6 with the proteasome is thought to enhance selectivity of the proteasome for ubiquitinated proteins and couple deubiquitination to degradation."

sparser
"Binding of USP14 or its yeast ortholog, UBP6, to the proteasome activates the catalytic activity of the DUB through an unknown mechanism xref ."

sparser
"Cleavage within ubiquitin chains by free forms of USP14 and Ubp6, as observed by many researchers, may reflect that free USP14 is not subject to occlusion from proteasome subunits."

reach
"One possible explanation is that Usp14 and Ubp6 in its substrate bound conformation exerts multiple regulatory effects on proteasomal function that are linked."

reach
"As described above, recent cryo-EM data suggest that the Ubp6 and USP14 bound proteasome strongly favors the S2 state conformation, in which the ubiquitin charged catalytic domain of Ubp6 and USP14 makes stable contacts with the base RPT ring [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."

sparser
"USP14 and its yeast homolog Ubp6 both bind to the regulatory subunit of the proteasome via their Ub-like domain which greatly stimulates their catalytic activities ( xref , xref )."
USP14 affects RP
| 6
USP14 binds UCHL5 and RP. 6 / 6
| 6

sparser
"Apart from the integral DUB — Rpn11, there are other pDUBs — USP14 and UCHL5, which bind transiently to the 19S RP during the degradation process [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"Similar to the mode of action exerted by b-AP15, this set of compounds inhibits activity of two DUBs, UCHL5 and USP14 that are associated with 19S RP, and do not affect non-proteasomal DUBs [ xref ]."

sparser
"Both USP14 and UCHL5 bind reversibly to the 19S RP and are implicated in cancer [48] ."

sparser
"It selectively inhibits the activity of two DUBs, UCHL5 and USP14 that are associated with 19S RP while not affecting the non-proteasomal DUBs."

sparser
"Both USP14 and UCHL5 bind reversibly to the 19S RP and are implicated in cancer [ xref ]."

sparser
"Similar to the mode of action exerted by b-AP15, this set of compounds inhibits activity of two DUBs, UCHL5 and USP14 that are associated with 19S RP, and do not affect non-proteasomal DUBs [75] ."
USP14 affects PSMD14
3 | 3
| 3

sparser
"Among these DUBs, POH1, UCHL5 and USP14 are associated with the 19S proteasome; they are often overexpressed in several carcinoma cells, which renders them potentially new therapeutic targets in these cancer cells [ xref – xref ]."

sparser
"In addition to RPN11, UCHL5 and USP14 are also associated with cell survival and cancer progession [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"There are three important DUBs associated with the 19S proteasome, the JAMM family member POH1 (also known as RPN11/pda1/S13/mpr1), the USP family member USP14 and the UCHs family member UCHL5 (also known as UCH37)."
3 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
USP14 affects PRNP
| 6
USP14 activates PRNP.
| 4
USP14 activates PRNP. 4 / 4
| 4

reach
"Collectively, a better understanding about the regulation of PrP Sc clearance caused by USP14 might contribute greatly to the development of therapeutic strategies for prion diseases."

reach
"Results demonstrated that an inhibitor of USP14 reduced PrP C in mouse neuroblastoma cells, as well as PrP Sc, indicating that USP14 negatively regulates degradation of prion protein."

reach
"Overexpression of the dominant negative mutant form of USP14 reduced PrP Sc, whereas wildtype USP14 increased PrP Sc in prion infected cells."

reach
"These results suggest that USP14 prevents degradation of both normal and abnormal PrP."
USP14 increases the amount of PRNP.
| 2
USP14 increases the amount of PRNP. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"However, similar to what we observed in the hippocampi (Figure 2), this genetic reduction of USP14 was not sufficient to decrease the levels of the TARDBP, PRNP, or MAPT proteins, as the steady-state levels of these proteins were similar in the cortical neurons cultured from the USP14-deficient mice and the wild type controls (Figure S3)."

reach
"Treatment with IU1 was reported to reduce the levels of PrP in prion-infected neuronal cells, whereas overexpression of USP14 elevated the levels of PrP in prion-infected cells (Homma et al., 2015)."
USP14 affects IDO1
| 6
| 6

sparser
"The interaction between USP14 and IDO1 was confirmed using endogenous reciprocal IP and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) pulldown assays (Fig.  xref , and Supplementary Fig.  xref )."

sparser
"Thus, inhibitors targeting the UBL domain would specifically abolish the interaction between USP14 and IDO1."

sparser
"These results indicated that USP14 interacted with IDO1 and was involved in the regulation of IDO1 protein levels in CRC."

sparser
"Furthermore, our results demonstrate that the UBL domain of USP14 is necessary for the interaction between USP14 and IDO1."

sparser
"Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) showed that USP14 selectively interacted with IDO1 but not with other enzymes involved in TRP metabolism, including IDO2, tryptophan 2,3 dioxygenase (TDO2), and arylformamidase (AFMID) (Fig.  xref )."

sparser
"These results suggested that USP14 interacted with IDO1 and increased the stability of IDO1 protein in CRC cells."
USP14 affects HIF1-α
| 6
USP14 increases the amount of HIF1-α.
| 2
USP14 increases the amount of HIF1-α. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Furthermore, overexpression of USP14 significantly upregulated the transcription of the endogenous HIF1-α target genes, including MET, VEGF-A, and MMP2 (Fig. 2C)."

reach
"USP14 depletion significantly decreased HIF1-α protein level, but not HIF1-α mRNA level in HCC cells, suggesting that USP14 may be involved in the maintenance of HIF1-α stability (Fig. 2E, F, Figure S2D)."
USP14 decreases the amount of HIF1-α.
| 2
USP14 decreases the amount of HIF1-α. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Moreover, the ubiquitination assay demonstrated that the ubiquitination level of HIF1-α was significantly increased by USP14 depletion or IU1 treatment in HCCLM3 and Huh-7 cells (Fig. 3C, D)."

reach
"While the ectopic expression of USP14 decreased the ubiquitination level of HIF1-α (Fig. 3E)."
USP14 activates HIF1-α.
| 2
USP14 activates HIF1-α. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"On the other hand, our results also indicate that USP14 may modulate HIF1-α action through K63-linked deubiquitination beyond protein degradation."

reach
"Having established that USP14 as a deubiquitinase enhances the transcriptional activity of HIF1-α, we thus turned to analyze the mechanism underlying the modulation function of USP14 on HIF1-α action."
USP14 affects ERK
| 6
USP14 phosphorylates ERK.
| 3
USP14 leads to the phosphorylation of ERK. 3 / 3
| 3

reach
"These results implied that USP14 promotes the activity of NF-κB and the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 induced by microbial infections (Table 2)."

reach
"These findings suggested that USP14 induces NF-kappaB activity and ERK1/2 phosphorylation triggered by microbial infection."

reach
"In line with our result, genetic or pharmacological inhibition of USP14 led to reduced phosphorylation of Akt and/or Erk1/2 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells and monocytic leukemia cells.25, 26 Moreover, inhibition of PI3K/AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways could enhance cisplatin sensitivity in urothelial bladder cancer cells and ovarian cancer cells, respectively.27, 28 As one of three proteasome‐associated DUBs, USP14 plays a key regulatory role in protein proteasomal degradation.29 Inhibition of USP14 activity would lead to a dysfunctional proteasome, eliciting a broad accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins."
USP14 activates ERK.
| 2
USP14 activates phosphorylated ERK. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Silencing of USP14 promoted proteasomal degradation of p-ERK (T202 and Y204) and p-Akt (T308 and S473), thus inactivating Akt and ERK signaling pathways."

reach
"Silencing of USP14 promoted proteasomal degradation of p-ERK (T202/Y204) and p-Akt (T308/S473), thus inactivating Akt and ERK signaling pathways."
USP14 inhibits ERK.
| 1
USP14 inhibits ERK. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Silencing of USP14 promoted proteasomal degradation of p-ERK (T202/Y204) and p-Akt (T308/S473), thus inactivating Akt and ERK signaling pathways."
USP14 affects CREBBP
| 6
USP14 activates CREBBP.
| 3
USP14 activates CREBBP. 3 / 3
| 3

reach
"Furthermore, we revealed a previously uncharacterized biological function of USP14 : Inhibition of USP14 reduced the stability of CBP, thereby lessening the severity of pathogen induced lung inflammation."

reach
"We found that the DUB USP14 targeted CBP for deubiquitylation, resulting in stabilization of CBP."

reach
"USP14 stabilizes CBP by diminishing its ubiquitination, whereas inhibiting USP14 deregulates the abundance of CBP and prevents LPS-mediated cytokine release."
USP14 deubiquitinates CREBBP.
| 2
USP14 deubiquitinates CREBBP. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"To investigate whether USP14 deubiquitylated CBP, we transfected MLE12 cells to overexpress USP14 or treated them with IU1, and then we examined the ubiquitylation of CBP."

reach
"Furthermore, we revealed that USP14 deubiquitylated CBP and promoted its stability."
USP14 binds CREBBP.
| 1
| 1

reach
"Furthermore, coimmunoprecipitation studies showed an association between USP14 and CBP (XREF_FIG), which was unaffected by LPS (XREF_FIG)."
USP14 affects CGAS
| 1 5
USP14 activates CGAS.
| 1 3
USP14 activates CGAS. 4 / 4
| 1 3

eidos
"USP14 promotes cGAS signaling by removing K48-linked ubiquitin chain of cGAS ."

reach
"The authors ascribed these phenotypes to TRIM14 's role in promoting cGAS stabilization and provide evidence that loss of TRIM14 allows for cGAS degradation via the E3 ligase USP14, which targets cGAS to p62 dependent selective autophagy."

reach
"USP14 promotes cGAS signaling by removing K48‐linked ubiquitin chain of cGAS."

reach
"During DNA viral infection, USP14 modulates cGAS stability, indicating a function in immunity."
USP14 deubiquitinates CGAS.
| 2
USP14 deubiquitinates CGAS. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"TRIM14 has been reported to interact with cGAS via its PRYSPRY domain and upon DNA virus infection recruit the proteasome-associated deubiquitinase (DUB) USP14 to deubiquitinate cGAS, preventing recruitment of p62 and autophagy-dependent degradation of cGAS (Jia et al., 2017) ."

reach
"TRIM14 has been reported to interact with cGAS via its PRYSPRY domain and upon DNA virus infection recruit the proteasome associated deubiquitinase (DUB) USP14 to deubiquitinate cGAS, preventing recruitment of p62 and autophagy dependent degradation of cGAS."
USP14 affects CCNB1
1 | 4 1
USP14 deubiquitinates CCNB1.
| 2
USP14 deubiquitinates CCNB1. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Inhibition or knockdown of USP14 significantly augmented the ubiquitination of cyclin B1 and arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase, thereby inhibiting the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells, and offering the theoretical basis for the development of USP14-targeted anticancer drugs (Table 2) (Liu et al., 2019)."

reach
"Liu et al. found that USP14 modulated the cell cycle progression of breast cancer cells by deubiquitinating cyclin B1, a critical regulator of the mitotic phase (M phase) (Yu et al., 2002; Porter and Donoghue, 2003; Ding et al., 2014; Liu et al., 2019)."
USP14 binds CCNB1.
1 | 1
1 | 1

sparser
"A recent study further verified that USP14 can interact with cyclin B1, promoting its deubiquitination and stabilization."

No evidence text available
USP14 activates CCNB1.
| 2
USP14 activates CCNB1. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"The resulting conjugates were incubated with purified human proteasomes that were washed with high salt to eliminate USP14, a deubiquitinating enzyme that can antagonize cyclin B1 degradation in vitro XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR."

reach
"Similarly, addition of an inhibitor of USP14, IU1, failed to accelerate degradation of cyclin B1 in Xenopus extracts (XREF_SUPPLEMENTARY)."
USP14 affects AR-V7
| 6
USP14 inhibits AR-V7.
| 2
USP14 inhibits AR-V7. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"These data suggested that huaier extract induces proteasome mediated degradation of AR-FL and AR-V7 by downregulation USP14."

reach
"Furthermore, the overexpression of USP14/USP22 reversed the degradation of AR-V7 induced by nobiletin to a certain extent, and partly recovered the viability of CRPC cells."
USP14 decreases the amount of AR-V7.
| 2
USP14 decreases the amount of AR-V7. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Knockdown USP14 could suppress the expression of AR-FL and AR-V7 in protein levels, but no effect was seen on mRNA levels."

reach
"Western blot and CCK8 assays showed that the overexpression of USP14/USP22 not only reversed the downregulation of AR-V7 level by nobiletin to a certain extent, but also partly weakened nobiletin-induced inhibition of the CRPC cell viability (Fig. 5I–L)."
USP14 binds AR-V7.
| 2
USP14 binds AR-V7. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Immunofluorescence and western blot experiments showed that these molecular events mainly occurred in the nucleus.We also confirmed that nobiletin can significantly decrease the interactions between AR-V7 and USP14/USP22 in a time and concentration-dependent manner, but did not affect the interactions between AR-FL and USP14/USP22, which may explain why nobiletin exhibits a certain selectivity in inducing the degradation of AR-V7."

reach
"Unlike rutaecarpine, nobiletin failed to alter the GRP78-mediated degradation of AR-V7.In conclusion, this research not only demonstrates the reason why nobiletin suppressed the growth process of CRPC through the selective degradation of AR-V7, but also enriches our understanding of the degradation mechanism of AR-V7 and provides an efficient treatment target to overcome CRPC via targeting the interaction between AR-V7 and USP14/USP22 (Fig. 7G)."
| 6
| 4

reach
"Over-expression of a catalytically inactive form of USP14 rescues the PPF deficit and restores synaptic vesicle number, indicating that USP14 regulates presynaptic structure and function independently of its role in deubiquitination."

reach
"On the other hand, restoration of proteasomal activity and hence expression of USP14 and presynaptic proteins rescued PPF in SPL fl/fl/Nes mice."

reach
"To determine whether the BALBnmf375 mice were also resistant to the PPF deficit caused by USP14 deficiency in the C57ax J mice, we analyzed PPF in the CA1 region of the nmf375 hippocampus."

reach
"XREF_BIBR a reduction in the deubiquitinating enzyme USP14 impairs PPF without changing the initial release probability."
| 2

reach
"Although PPF is usually inversely related to release probability, USP14 deficiency impairs PPF without altering basal release probability."

reach
"Finally, the PPF deficit caused by loss of USP14 can be rescued by pharmacological inhibition of proteasome activity, suggesting that inappropriate protein degradation underlies the PPF impairment."
UCHL5 affects RP
| 6
USP14 binds UCHL5 and RP. 6 / 6
| 6

sparser
"Apart from the integral DUB — Rpn11, there are other pDUBs — USP14 and UCHL5, which bind transiently to the 19S RP during the degradation process [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"Similar to the mode of action exerted by b-AP15, this set of compounds inhibits activity of two DUBs, UCHL5 and USP14 that are associated with 19S RP, and do not affect non-proteasomal DUBs [ xref ]."

sparser
"Both USP14 and UCHL5 bind reversibly to the 19S RP and are implicated in cancer [48] ."

sparser
"It selectively inhibits the activity of two DUBs, UCHL5 and USP14 that are associated with 19S RP while not affecting the non-proteasomal DUBs."

sparser
"Both USP14 and UCHL5 bind reversibly to the 19S RP and are implicated in cancer [ xref ]."

sparser
"Similar to the mode of action exerted by b-AP15, this set of compounds inhibits activity of two DUBs, UCHL5 and USP14 that are associated with 19S RP, and do not affect non-proteasomal DUBs [75] ."
UBP6 affects USP14
| 3 3
| 3 3

reach
"This mutual interaction of USP14 and Ubp6 with the proteasome is thought to enhance selectivity of the proteasome for ubiquitinated proteins and couple deubiquitination to degradation."

sparser
"Binding of USP14 or its yeast ortholog, UBP6, to the proteasome activates the catalytic activity of the DUB through an unknown mechanism xref ."

sparser
"Cleavage within ubiquitin chains by free forms of USP14 and Ubp6, as observed by many researchers, may reflect that free USP14 is not subject to occlusion from proteasome subunits."

reach
"One possible explanation is that Usp14 and Ubp6 in its substrate bound conformation exerts multiple regulatory effects on proteasomal function that are linked."

reach
"As described above, recent cryo-EM data suggest that the Ubp6 and USP14 bound proteasome strongly favors the S2 state conformation, in which the ubiquitin charged catalytic domain of Ubp6 and USP14 makes stable contacts with the base RPT ring [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."

sparser
"USP14 and its yeast homolog Ubp6 both bind to the regulatory subunit of the proteasome via their Ub-like domain which greatly stimulates their catalytic activities ( xref , xref )."
TRAF6 affects BECN1
| 6
| 6

sparser
"In this study, we demonstrated that USP14 and Beclin 1 competitively interacted with the CC domain of TRAF6."

sparser
"These results demonstrate that USP14 and Beclin 1 interact with the CC domain of TRAF6 while TRAF6 and USP14 interacted with the CC domain of Beclin 1 as depicted in Figure xref F."

sparser
"As depicted in Figure xref C, these results suggest that USP14 and Beclin 1 can competitively interact with the CC domain of TRAF6 and inhibit TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination of Beclin 1."

sparser
"Interestingly, biochemical studies in the present study revealed that USP14 and Beclin 1 competitively interacted with the CC domain of TRAF6."

sparser
"Taken together, these results suggest that USP14 and Beclin 1 can competitively interact with the CC domain of TRAF6 and inhibit TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination of Beclin 1, leading to decreased autophagy induction as depicted in Figure xref in Supplementary Material."

sparser
"Based on these previous findings, we hypothesized that the suppression of Beclin 1 ubiquitination by USP14 might be critically associated with TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination in both autophagy and TLR4-mediated signaling."
RP affects USP14
| 6
USP14 binds UCHL5 and RP. 6 / 6
| 6

sparser
"Apart from the integral DUB — Rpn11, there are other pDUBs — USP14 and UCHL5, which bind transiently to the 19S RP during the degradation process [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"Similar to the mode of action exerted by b-AP15, this set of compounds inhibits activity of two DUBs, UCHL5 and USP14 that are associated with 19S RP, and do not affect non-proteasomal DUBs [ xref ]."

sparser
"Both USP14 and UCHL5 bind reversibly to the 19S RP and are implicated in cancer [48] ."

sparser
"It selectively inhibits the activity of two DUBs, UCHL5 and USP14 that are associated with 19S RP while not affecting the non-proteasomal DUBs."

sparser
"Both USP14 and UCHL5 bind reversibly to the 19S RP and are implicated in cancer [ xref ]."

sparser
"Similar to the mode of action exerted by b-AP15, this set of compounds inhibits activity of two DUBs, UCHL5 and USP14 that are associated with 19S RP, and do not affect non-proteasomal DUBs [75] ."
PSMD4 affects USP14
2 1 | 2 1
PSMD4 inhibits USP14.
| 2 1
PSMD4 inhibits USP14. 3 / 3
| 2 1

sparser
"Interestingly, we found that different from bortezomib, AF inhibits 19S proteasome-associated DUBs UCHL5 and USP14 but not the 20S proteasome activity."

reach
"This was also confirmed by computational molecular docking, K48 linked polyubiquitin disassembly, and HA-UbVS competitive binding assay; these experiments showed that AF might inhibit the proteasomal cysteine DUBs UCHL5 and USP14."

reach
"Interestingly, we found that different from bortezomib, AF inhibits 19S proteasome associated DUBs UCHL5 and USP14 but not the 20S proteasome activity."
PSMD4 binds USP14.
2 1 |
2 1 |

No evidence text available

"RPN1 interacted strongly with four BAG proteins and with the ubiquitin ligase CHIP. This was in contrast to the three other subunits (RPN10, RPN13, and RPT2) that primarily interacted with other proteasome subunits (Figures 5I, 5J, and S4E)"

No evidence text available
PSMD14 affects USP14
3 | 3
| 3

sparser
"Among these DUBs, POH1, UCHL5 and USP14 are associated with the 19S proteasome; they are often overexpressed in several carcinoma cells, which renders them potentially new therapeutic targets in these cancer cells [ xref – xref ]."

sparser
"In addition to RPN11, UCHL5 and USP14 are also associated with cell survival and cancer progession [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"There are three important DUBs associated with the 19S proteasome, the JAMM family member POH1 (also known as RPN11/pda1/S13/mpr1), the USP family member USP14 and the UCHs family member UCHL5 (also known as UCH37)."
3 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
MDM2 affects USP14
| 2 4
| 2 4

sparser
"In the current study, we studied the cell proliferation status after IU1 treatment and the USP14-MDM2 protein interaction in cervical cancer cells."

sparser
"Moreover, co-immunoprecipitation assays showed that USP14 formed a complex with MDM2 (Figure xref B), which was consistent with the hypothesis that USP14 could bind to MDM2 and stabilize it."

sparser
"Whereas MDM2 could interact with USP14, which removed the conjugated polyubiquitin chains from MDM2 and increased the stabilization of MDM2 protein."

sparser
"In conclusion, this work has provided a novel insight into the interaction between proteasome-associated DUB USP14 and MDM2 in cervical cancer cells."

reach
"Whereas MDM2 could interact with USP14, which removed the conjugated polyubiquitin chains from MDM2 and increased the stabilization of MDM2 protein."

reach
"Moreover, co-immunoprecipitation assays showed that USP14 formed a complex with MDM2, which was consistent with the hypothesis that USP14 could bind to MDM2 and stabilize it."
IDO1 affects USP14
| 6
| 6

sparser
"The interaction between USP14 and IDO1 was confirmed using endogenous reciprocal IP and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) pulldown assays (Fig.  xref , and Supplementary Fig.  xref )."

sparser
"Thus, inhibitors targeting the UBL domain would specifically abolish the interaction between USP14 and IDO1."

sparser
"These results indicated that USP14 interacted with IDO1 and was involved in the regulation of IDO1 protein levels in CRC."

sparser
"Furthermore, our results demonstrate that the UBL domain of USP14 is necessary for the interaction between USP14 and IDO1."

sparser
"Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) showed that USP14 selectively interacted with IDO1 but not with other enzymes involved in TRP metabolism, including IDO2, tryptophan 2,3 dioxygenase (TDO2), and arylformamidase (AFMID) (Fig.  xref )."

sparser
"These results suggested that USP14 interacted with IDO1 and increased the stability of IDO1 protein in CRC cells."
FASN affects USP14
| 3 3
FASN binds USP14.
| 1 3
| 1 3

reach
"Taken together, these results indicated that FASN binds to USP14 but may not be a direct substrate of USP14, and the expression level of USP14 is more important in modulating FASN levels than the activity of USP14 in cancer cells."
| PMC

sparser
"In mouse primary hepatocytes (MPH), FASN was detected in the anti-USP14 but not immunoglobulin G (IgG) immunoprecipitates from the cell lysate, suggesting the interaction of endogenous USP14 with FASN (Fig.  xref )."

sparser
"Taken together, these results indicated that FASN binds to USP14 but may not be a direct substrate of USP14, and the expression level of USP14 is more important in modulating FASN levels than the activity of USP14 in cancer cells."
| PMC

sparser
"Before that, we checked the interaction between USP14 and FASN when Flag-USP14 and His-FASN were cotransfected ( xref a)."
| PMC
FASN activates USP14.
| 2
FASN activates USP14. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Co-expression of Flag tagged wild-type (WT) USP14, but not catalytically inactive (CI) USP14 31 or GFP, significantly increased the FASN half-life, further supporting the notion that USP14 could stabilize FASN protein."

reach
"Forth, our results demonstrated that FASN could be a direct target of USP14 to exert its function in hepatic DNL."
DVL affects USP14
| 3 3
| 3 3

sparser
"To determine whether the RDU and its putative ubiquitin binding sites are necessary for the interaction between Dvl and Usp14, a binding assay similar to that in xref was performed using transiently overexpressed rather than endogenous Dvl."

sparser
"In wild-type MEFs, both Dvl2 and LRP6 became prominently phosphorylated at ∼1 to 2 h following Wnt3a CM treatment, overlapping with the peak period of Dvl-Usp14 interaction ( xref )."

reach
"To test for an interaction between Usp14 and Dvl, co-immunoprecipitation assays were performed."

reach
"In a time course experiment, significant interaction between Usp14-CA and Dvl was observed from 30min to 2h following incubation with Wnt3a CM (XREF_FIG)."

reach
"To determine whether the RDU and its putative ubiquitin binding sites are necessary for the interaction between Dvl and Usp14, a binding assay similar to that in XREF_FIG was performed using transiently overexpressed rather than endogenous Dvl."

sparser
"To test for an interaction between Usp14 and Dvl, co-immunoprecipitation assays were performed."
CXCL12 affects USP14
| 1 2
CXCL12 activates USP14.
| 1
CXCL12 activates USP14. 1 / 4
| 1

reach
"CXCL12, a CXCR4 agonist, induces a time dependent association of USP14 with CXCR4, or its C terminus, that is not mimicked by USP2A, USP4, or USP7, other members of the deubiquitination catalytic family."
CXCL12 binds USP14.
| 2
| 2

sparser
"Receptor deubiquitination is paralleled by CXCL12-dependent association of USP14 with CXCR4, an interaction that occurs, at least in part, via the C terminus of the receptor."

sparser
"This co-localization was more readily detected at 5 min when compared with a 60-min exposure to CXCL12, which is also consistent with the time course for CXCL12-induced association of CXCR4 with USP14 described in xref ."
BECN1 affects TRAF6, and USP14
| 6
| 6

sparser
"In this study, we demonstrated that USP14 and Beclin 1 competitively interacted with the CC domain of TRAF6."

sparser
"These results demonstrate that USP14 and Beclin 1 interact with the CC domain of TRAF6 while TRAF6 and USP14 interacted with the CC domain of Beclin 1 as depicted in Figure xref F."

sparser
"As depicted in Figure xref C, these results suggest that USP14 and Beclin 1 can competitively interact with the CC domain of TRAF6 and inhibit TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination of Beclin 1."

sparser
"Interestingly, biochemical studies in the present study revealed that USP14 and Beclin 1 competitively interacted with the CC domain of TRAF6."

sparser
"Taken together, these results suggest that USP14 and Beclin 1 can competitively interact with the CC domain of TRAF6 and inhibit TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination of Beclin 1, leading to decreased autophagy induction as depicted in Figure xref in Supplementary Material."

sparser
"Based on these previous findings, we hypothesized that the suppression of Beclin 1 ubiquitination by USP14 might be critically associated with TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination in both autophagy and TLR4-mediated signaling."
Foci affects USP14
| 5
USP14 binds foci. 5 / 5
| 5

sparser
"Next, to confirm whether the nuclear foci formed by USP14 in response to IR are DSB associated we did a co-localization analysis of USP14 with γH2AX, which is a gold-standard marker of DSBs [ xref , xref ], using co-immunostaining and confocal microscopic analysis."

sparser
"IR treatment, indeed, induced USP14 foci formation in a time-dependent manner in H460 and A549 NSCLC cells, respectively ( xref A,B), similar to what we have previously shown in PCa cells [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"In contrast, LNCaP and -C4-2 cells with ectopic expression of GFP-PTEN (PTEN+) showed significantly reduced USP14 foci formation in response to IR ( xref )."

sparser
"As shown above, we found that IR-treatment induced USP14 foci formation in a time-dependent manner."

sparser
"Immunostaining and confocal microscopy was used to investigate IR-induced foci (IRIF) formation by USP14."
Auranofin affects USP14
| 5
| 5

reach
"HA-UbVS pretreatment of auranofin could bind the HA tagged UbVS in the purified 26S proteasome, supporting that auranofin inhibits UCHL5 and USP14."

reach
"Auranofin was recently reported to inhibit proteasome activity at the level of the proteasome associated deubiquitinases (DUBs) UCHL5 and USP14."

reach
"Similarly, the DUB inhibitor Auranofin can inhibit USP14 and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase 5 (UCHL5) as b-AP15 does."

reach
"Auranofin (Aur) inhibits proteasome associated deubiquitinases (DUBs) UCHL5 and USP14 rather than the 20S proteasome; inhibition of the proteasome associated DUBs is required for Aur induced cytotoxicity; and Aur selectively inhibits tumor growth in vivo and induces cytotoxicity in cancer cells from patients with acute myeloid leukemia [XREF_BIBR]."

reach
"The computational model also indicates that an active metabolite of auranofin can inhibit UCHL5 and USP14."
| 5

reach
"Interestingly, with Ub aldehyde which associates directly with Usp14 and Ubp6, the time to maximal activation was much shorter (< 10 min) than with Ub conjugates."

reach
"When Usp14 binds a substrate or Ub aldehyde, the orientation of its C-terminal region undergoes changes in its structure."

reach
"Next, we modelled USP14 and, similar to UCHL5, USP14 covalently binds b-AP15 via a 1,4-Michael addition reaction at the thiol group of the Cys114 residue (covalent linkage) with the aldehyde from the small molecule DUB inhibitor (XREF_FIG)."

reach
"A similar structural identity exists between USP2 and USP14, where 256 Calpha positions can be aligned with an rmsd of 1.43 A. However, as the USP14, ubiquitin, and aldehyde complex (Hu et al., 2005) [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

reach
"In the USP14, ubiquitin, and aldehyde complex, where the ubiquitin C terminus is covalently bound to the site cysteine and only one C-terminal oxygen is present, Asn108 (Asn218 in USP2) interacts with[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
USP14 affects ubiquitination
| 3
USP14 inhibits ubiquitination. 3 / 5
| 3

sparser
"These results suggest that USP14 inhibits NLRC5 ubiquitination through its DUB activity."

sparser
"Our results demonstrated that USP14 could inhibit TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination of Beclin 1 by interrupting the molecular interaction between TRAF6 and Beclin 1 as depicted in Figure xref A."

sparser
"Next, we determined whether USP14 inhibited NLRC5 ubiquitination through its DUB activity."
USP14 affects queuine
| 5
USP14 binds queuine.
| 4
USP14-C158V binds queuine. 4 / 4
| 4

reach
"Also, in agreement with the structure of queuine bound Tgt (Cys158Val), the positioning of the Val158 main chain atoms suggests a shift of this residue towards the ligand which is not concomitant with a rotation of the Thr159 side chain."

reach
"Tgt (Cys158Val and Val233Gly) is, if at all, only to a minor extent able to bind queuine after the formation of this complex."

reach
"As in the structure of queuine bound Tgt (Cys158Val), nearly no electron density can be attributed to the side chain of Val158 in the Tgt (Cys158Val and Val233Gly)."

reach
"Superimposition of the queuine bound Tgt (Cys158Val) structure with the structure of Tgt in complex with RNA XREF_BIBR reveals that in the present conformation the dihydroxy-cyclopentenyl moiety of queuine sterically interferes with the ribose of the uracil 33 nucleotide and the phosphate at position 34."
USP14 activates queuine.
| 1
USP14-C158V activates queuine. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Accordingly, this unexpected restriction did not allow us to figure out whether " wild type " Tgt, Tgt (Cys158Val) and Tgt (Val233Gly) were indeed able to accept queuine as a substrate nor did it allow us to determine Michaelis-Menten parameters as an indicator for affinity and catalytic activity."
| 5
| 5

reach
"Although pharmacological inhibitors of USP14's ubiquitin-hydrolase activity reduced microtubule associate protein tau, tar DNA binding protein, and prion protein in culture, the effect was similar in wild type and USP14-deficient neurons, thus impacting their use for specifically evaluating USP14 in a therapeutic manner."

reach
"USP14 negatively regulates prion protein degradation."

reach
"Results demonstrated that an inhibitor of USP14 reduced PrP C in mouse neuroblastoma cells, as well as PrP Sc, indicating that USP14 negatively regulates degradation of prion protein."

reach
"Based on our results, we propose a model that shows that USP14 rescues prion protein from proteasomal degradation."

reach
"In summary, our findings demonstrated a novel mechanism by which USP14 negatively regulated prion protein degradation via the proteasome, although the detailed mechanism remains unclear."
USP14 affects foci
| 5
USP14 binds foci. 5 / 5
| 5

sparser
"Next, to confirm whether the nuclear foci formed by USP14 in response to IR are DSB associated we did a co-localization analysis of USP14 with γH2AX, which is a gold-standard marker of DSBs [ xref , xref ], using co-immunostaining and confocal microscopic analysis."

sparser
"IR treatment, indeed, induced USP14 foci formation in a time-dependent manner in H460 and A549 NSCLC cells, respectively ( xref A,B), similar to what we have previously shown in PCa cells [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"In contrast, LNCaP and -C4-2 cells with ectopic expression of GFP-PTEN (PTEN+) showed significantly reduced USP14 foci formation in response to IR ( xref )."

sparser
"As shown above, we found that IR-treatment induced USP14 foci formation in a time-dependent manner."

sparser
"Immunostaining and confocal microscopy was used to investigate IR-induced foci (IRIF) formation by USP14."
| 4
USP14 activates cell migration.
| 2

reach
"Moreover, knockdown of USP14 inhibited cell migration, however, overexpression of wild-type USP14 but not USP14 mutants promoted cell migration."
Mutated USP14 activates cell migration. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Moreover, knockdown of USP14 inhibited cell migration, however, overexpression of wild-type USP14 but not USP14 mutants promoted cell migration."
USP14 inhibits cell migration.
| 2

reach
"Moreover, knockdown of USP14 inhibited cell migration, however, overexpression of wild-type USP14 but not USP14 mutants promoted cell migration."

reach
"The overexpression of USP14 in USP14 low expression cell lines promoted cell proliferation and migration, whereas USP14 downregulation suppressed tumor cell proliferation, decreased tumor cell colony number, increased apoptosis rate, and decreased cell migration and invasion."
USP14 affects b-AP15
| 5
USP14 binds b-AP15.
| 3
USP14 binds b-AP15. 3 / 3
| 3

reach
"We found that binding of b-AP15 to USP14 is partially reversible, and that inhibition of proteasome function is reversible in cells."

reach
"Building upon this we also examined the binding of b-AP15 to USP14 in EWS cells using a cellular thermo stability assay (CETSA)."

reach
"In silico modelling identified protein residues that were critical for the binding of b-AP15 with USP14 or UCHL5 and proteasome enzyme activity assays confirmed that b-AP15 does not affect the proteolytic capabilities of the 20S proteasome beta-subunits."
USP14 activates b-AP15.
| 2
USP14 activates b-AP15. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"We confirmed platelets contained both USP14 and UCHL5 targets of b-AP15 by recovering platelet proteasomes by high speed centrifugation, and then western blotting proteins of the isolated proteasome (XREF_FIG)."

reach
"It should be noted that USP14 may not be the only target of b-AP15 in the parasites as b-AP15 has an order of magnitude weaker activity against the purified PfUSP14 compared to its parasite killing activity."
| 5

reach
"Interestingly, with Ub aldehyde which associates directly with Usp14 and Ubp6, the time to maximal activation was much shorter (< 10 min) than with Ub conjugates."

reach
"When Usp14 binds a substrate or Ub aldehyde, the orientation of its C-terminal region undergoes changes in its structure."

reach
"Next, we modelled USP14 and, similar to UCHL5, USP14 covalently binds b-AP15 via a 1,4-Michael addition reaction at the thiol group of the Cys114 residue (covalent linkage) with the aldehyde from the small molecule DUB inhibitor (XREF_FIG)."

reach
"A similar structural identity exists between USP2 and USP14, where 256 Calpha positions can be aligned with an rmsd of 1.43 A. However, as the USP14, ubiquitin, and aldehyde complex (Hu et al., 2005) [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

reach
"In the USP14, ubiquitin, and aldehyde complex, where the ubiquitin C terminus is covalently bound to the site cysteine and only one C-terminal oxygen is present, Asn108 (Asn218 in USP2) interacts with[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
USP14 affects TNF
| 5
USP14 inhibits TNF.
| 3
USP14 inhibits TNF. 3 / 3
| 3

reach
"Inhibition of USP14 promotes TNFα-induced cell death in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC)."

reach
"Knockdown of USP2 or USP14 accelerated protein degradation of TNF-alpha, and abolished the effect of miR-124 on TNF-alpha protein stability."

reach
"USP14 negatively regulates RIG-I-mediated IL-6 and TNF-alpha production by inhibiting NF-kappaB activation."
USP14 increases the amount of TNF.
| 2
USP14 increases the amount of TNF. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"USP14 overexpressed HeLa cells exhibited a decrease in RIG-I-mediated IL-6 and TNF-alpha expression."

reach
"Further, USP14 inhibition reduced both basal and TNFα-inducible NFκB activity, NFκB-dependent gene expression and the nuclear translocation of the NFκB subunit RELA."
USP14 affects RUNX1
| 5
| 5

reach
"AML1 is a member of a family of transcription factors with homology to the Drosophila pair-rule gene runt and directly binds the enhancer core DNA sequence TGT and cGGT, which is present in a number o[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

reach
"Under physiologic conditions, the N-terminus of RUNX1 interacts with the CBFB subunit and binds the consensus sequence TGT and cGGT at the promoter regions of its target genes [XREF_BIBR]."

reach
"These results demonstrate that AML1 and ETO binds to an AML1 consensus sequence TGT and cGGY on survivin promotor."

reach
"AML1 binds to the consensus DNA sequence TGT and cGGT, which is present in a number of promoters and enhancers of viral and cellular genes, through its Runt domain."

reach
"In normal cells, RUNX1 bound to the enhancer sequence TGT and CGGT whereas MTG8 is a transcriptional repressor able to interact with other co-repressors."
USP14 affects IU1
| 4 1
USP14 binds IU1. 5 / 5
| 4 1

reach
"IU1 and its analogs can bound to USP14 and prevent the C-terminus of ubiquitin from approaching the catalytic center55."

sparser
"The co-crystal structures indicated some important key interactions between IU1 and USP14, including a unique and delicate π-π stacking interaction, which were validated by protein point mutations and inhibitor SAR analysis."

reach
"The mechanism of action of IU1 is different from bortezomib, which inhibits the activity of the entire proteasome, whereas IU1 binds specifically and inhibits USP14 (Lim et al., 2016)."

reach
"Herein, we report the high-resolution co-crystal structures of the catalytic domain of USP14 bound to IU1 and three IU1 derivatives."

reach
"Subsequently, we performed the design and optimization of new IU1-series inhibitors, including IU1-206, based on the structural information of the interaction between IU1 and USP14 (Figure 4A)."
RUNX1 affects USP14
| 5
| 5

reach
"AML1 is a member of a family of transcription factors with homology to the Drosophila pair-rule gene runt and directly binds the enhancer core DNA sequence TGT and cGGT, which is present in a number o[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

reach
"Under physiologic conditions, the N-terminus of RUNX1 interacts with the CBFB subunit and binds the consensus sequence TGT and cGGT at the promoter regions of its target genes [XREF_BIBR]."

reach
"These results demonstrate that AML1 and ETO binds to an AML1 consensus sequence TGT and cGGY on survivin promotor."

reach
"AML1 binds to the consensus DNA sequence TGT and cGGT, which is present in a number of promoters and enhancers of viral and cellular genes, through its Runt domain."

reach
"In normal cells, RUNX1 bound to the enhancer sequence TGT and CGGT whereas MTG8 is a transcriptional repressor able to interact with other co-repressors."
PTPN2 affects USP14
| 4 1
PTPN2 inhibits USP14.
| 2 1
PTPN2 inhibits USP14. 3 / 3
| 2 1

reach
"PtPT significantly inhibited USP14 and UCHL5, thereby accumulating Ub-conjugates."

reach
"It is known that b-AP15 and PtPT can inhibit the activity of both USP14 and UCHL5 simultaneously, implying that the downregulation of ERα by b-AP15 and PtPT may attribute to the suppression of USP14 and UCHL5."

sparser
"PtPT significantly inhibited USP14 and UCHL5, thereby accumulating Ub-conjugates."
PTPN2 activates USP14.
| 2
PTPN2 activates USP14. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"These computational and experimental results indicate that PtPT can selectively target UCHL5 and USP14, two proteasome associated DUBs."

reach
"PtPT inhibits the UPS by targeting DUBs USP14 and UCHL5 associated with 26S proteasomes."
CDK1 affects USP14
1 | 2 2
CDK1 binds USP14.
| 2 2
| 2 2

reach
"The results reveal that USP14 interacts with CDK1 and stabilizes CDK1 by deubiquitinating K48-linked ubiquitination."

sparser
"The results reveal that USP14 interacts with CDK1 and stabilizes CDK1 by deubiquitinating K48-linked ubiquitination."

reach
"As CDK1 is the key kinase in G2/M phase, we detect the interaction between USP14 and CDK1 and the effect of USP14 on the deubiquitination of CDK1."

sparser
"As CDK1 is the key kinase in G2/M phase, we detect the interaction between USP14 and CDK1 and the effect of USP14 on the deubiquitination of CDK1."
CDK1 phosphorylates USP14.
1 |
CDK1 phosphorylates USP14 on T235. 1 / 1
1 |

No evidence text available
Queuine affects USP14
| 4
USP14-C158V binds queuine. 4 / 4
| 4

reach
"Also, in agreement with the structure of queuine bound Tgt (Cys158Val), the positioning of the Val158 main chain atoms suggests a shift of this residue towards the ligand which is not concomitant with a rotation of the Thr159 side chain."

reach
"Tgt (Cys158Val and Val233Gly) is, if at all, only to a minor extent able to bind queuine after the formation of this complex."

reach
"As in the structure of queuine bound Tgt (Cys158Val), nearly no electron density can be attributed to the side chain of Val158 in the Tgt (Cys158Val and Val233Gly)."

reach
"Superimposition of the queuine bound Tgt (Cys158Val) structure with the structure of Tgt in complex with RNA XREF_BIBR reveals that in the present conformation the dihydroxy-cyclopentenyl moiety of queuine sterically interferes with the ribose of the uracil 33 nucleotide and the phosphate at position 34."
Apigenin affects USP14
| 2
Apigenin inhibits USP14.
| 1
| 1

reach
"Consistently, a natural compound, apigenin, was reported to promote the apoptosis of PC cells through inhibiting the enzymatic activity of USP14 (Way et al., 2004; Singh et al., 2015)."
Apigenin activates USP14.
| 1
| 1

reach
"The deubiquitinase USP14 activity, which antagonizes degradation of proteins via proteasome, was significantly increased by apigenin treatment."

reach
"Interestingly, TgT suppressed the effects of MEHP on chemotaxis in adult neutrophils, suggesting that that the role of PPAR-gamma signaling in chemotaxis is developmentally regulated."

reach
"The PPAR-gamma agonist, TgT, reduced fMLP induced chemotaxis in both control and MEHP treated adult neutrophils, but had no significant effects on neonatal cells."

reach
"The PPAR-gamma agonist TgT attenuated MEHP mediated suppression of apoptosis and stimulation of oxidative metabolism by neonatal neutrophils."

reach
"TgT was found to reverse the suppressive effects of MEHP on apoptosis in both adult and neonatal neutrophils."
USP14 affects cell death
| 1 3
| 1 3

reach
"b-AP15, a small molecule inhibitor of two 19S regulatory-particle-associated deubiquitinases, USP14 and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase 5, could efficiently induce cell apoptosis or cell death in colorectal cancer cell line HCT116.24 In addition, b-AP15 can suppress the growth of FaDu squamous cell carcinoma cells.25 Our stratified survival analysis indicated that high USP14 expression could distinguish poor outcomes of patients with either early (TNM stage I-II) or advanced clinical stage (TNM stage III-IV), suggesting that USP14 may play a significant role throughout the development of ESCC."

eidos
"USP14 inhibition via gene knockdown or small molecules induces cell death in breast cancer ( 24 ) , acute myeloid leukemia ( 25 ) , and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma ( 26 ) ."

reach
"Moreover, inhibition or silencing of USP14 dramatically induced higher levels of cell death and PARP cleavage in MDA-MB 231 and MDA-MB 453 than in MCF7 breast cancer cells."

reach
"Inhibition of USP14 promotes TNFα-induced cell death in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC)."
USP14 affects UBC
4 |
4 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
USP14 affects THG1L
| 4
| 4

sparser
"Importantly, USP14 IRIF formation was significantly ( P < 0.0002) diminished in shATG7-expressing cells pretreated with the USP14 inhibitor IU1 before IR treatment (Figure xref and  xref ), suggesting that the catalytic activity of USP14 was needed for its recruitment to DSB sites."

sparser
"AKT, which mediates Ser432-USP14 phosphorylation, was required for IRIF formation by USP14."

sparser
"We first examined whether AKT regulates IRIF formation by USP14."

sparser
"Autophagy inhibition leads to increased USP14 IRIF formation."
USP14 affects PARP1
| 3 1
USP14 inhibits PARP1.
| 2
USP14 inhibits PARP1. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"As shown in XREF_FIG, USP14 inhibition or silence failed to induce apoptosis or PARP cleavage but instead induced moderate decreases of p53 and Bax, suggesting that cell growth suppression mediated by USP14 inhibition or silence is through promoting cell proliferation, independent of cell death."

reach
"Moreover, inhibition or silencing of USP14 dramatically induced higher levels of cell death and PARP cleavage in MDA-MB 231 and MDA-MB 453 than in MCF7 breast cancer cells."
USP14 binds PARP1.
| 1 1
| 1 1

reach
"Moreover, Co-IP assay was utilized for detection of the interaction between USP14 and PARP-1."

sparser
"Moreover, Co-IP assay was utilized for detection of the interaction between USP14 and PARP-1."
USP14 affects Ku-70
| 4
| 4

sparser
"We first confirmed the interaction between Ku70 and USP14 by performing immunoprecipitation (IP) of USP14 from HEK 293T cells co-expressing Flag-HA-USP14 and EGFP-Flag-Ku70 using anti-HA, which co-immunoprecipitated USP14 and Ku70 (Figure xref )."

sparser
"Here, we demonstrate that USP14 directly interacts with Ku70, and USP14-mediated deubiquitination regulates DSB- recruitment of Ku70 and downstream NHEJ-core complex assembly."

sparser
"We further confirmed the interaction between endogenous Ku70 and USP14 by IP of USP14 from LNCaP cells followed by immunoblotting for Ku70 (Figure xref )."

sparser
"USP14 directly interacts with Ku70 and targets its ubiquitination."
USP14 affects GC
| 4
USP14 inhibits GC.
| 2
USP14 inhibits GC. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Upregulation of USP14 Reversed the Tumor Depressed Phenotype in YTHDF1-Knochdown GC Cells."

reach
"According to a previous study, silencing of USP14 induced GC cell apoptosis."
USP14 activates GC.
| 2
USP14 activates GC. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Recently, researches have revealed USP14 enhances cisplatin resistance through affecting Akt and ERK signaling pathways and accelerates cell proliferation and migration in GC."

reach
"Knockdown of YTHDF1 suppressed cell growth and colony formation, while overexpression of USP14 could rescue sh-YTHDF1 expressing GC cells from these effects (XREF_SUPPLEMENTARY)."
USP14 affects ER
| 4
USP14 inhibits ER. 4 / 4
| 4

reach
"At the molecular level, we find that inhibition of USP14 rapidly triggers accumulation of poly-ubiquitinated proteins and chaperones, mitochondrial dysfunction, ER stress, and a ROS production leading to a caspase independent cell death."

reach
"Although the physiological role of USP14 mediated inhibition of ERAD must be elucidated, USP14 may serve as a physiological regulator of ERAD to prevent the unnecessary leak of the ER luminal proteins[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

reach
"To further investigate whether the ESIs previously reported effect on protein translocation contributed to its inhibitory effect on IL-1 release or whether it was due to an inhibition of DUBs, we investigated the effects of a selective DUB inhibitor b-AP15 and of the protein translocation inhibitor cpd A. b-AP15 is a small molecule DUB inhibitor of the proteasome associated DUBs UCH37 and USP14, whereas cpd A is a selective inhibitor of the ER translocon with no effect on DUB activity."

reach
"USP14 inhibits ER associated degradation via interaction with IRE1alpha."
USP14 affects CDK1
| 2 2
| 2 2

reach
"The results reveal that USP14 interacts with CDK1 and stabilizes CDK1 by deubiquitinating K48-linked ubiquitination."

sparser
"The results reveal that USP14 interacts with CDK1 and stabilizes CDK1 by deubiquitinating K48-linked ubiquitination."

reach
"As CDK1 is the key kinase in G2/M phase, we detect the interaction between USP14 and CDK1 and the effect of USP14 on the deubiquitination of CDK1."

sparser
"As CDK1 is the key kinase in G2/M phase, we detect the interaction between USP14 and CDK1 and the effect of USP14 on the deubiquitination of CDK1."
UCHL5 affects Proteasome
| 4
| 4

sparser
"USP14 is one of the three proteasome-associated deubiquitinase (DUB) enzymes, USP14 and UCHL5 being the two that are associated reversibly with the proteasome [ xref ]."

sparser
"USP14 and UCHL5 associate with the proteasome through different ubiquitin receptors, USP14 to Rpn1 at the base of the 19S RP and UCHL5 to Rpn13/ADRM1 at the top of the 19S RP [ xref ] ( xref )."

sparser
"Later, it was determined that b-AP15 targeted the proteasome-bound USP14 and UCHL5, which belong to the USP and UCH families, respectively [ xref ]."

sparser
"The HA-UbVS pull-down also isolated known DUBs interactors ( xref ) such as proteasome subunits, consistent with the known interaction of UCHL5 and USP14 with the proteasome ( xref )."
UBC affects USP14
4 |
4 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
THG1L affects USP14
| 4
| 4

sparser
"Importantly, USP14 IRIF formation was significantly ( P < 0.0002) diminished in shATG7-expressing cells pretreated with the USP14 inhibitor IU1 before IR treatment (Figure xref and  xref ), suggesting that the catalytic activity of USP14 was needed for its recruitment to DSB sites."

sparser
"AKT, which mediates Ser432-USP14 phosphorylation, was required for IRIF formation by USP14."

sparser
"We first examined whether AKT regulates IRIF formation by USP14."

sparser
"Autophagy inhibition leads to increased USP14 IRIF formation."
SERPB12 affects USP14
| 4
SERPB12 activates USP14. 4 / 4
| 4

reach
"SERPB12 stimulated USP14 but not UCHL5 activity."

reach
"SLFN12 or SERPB12 overexpression increases expression of the complementary deubiquitylases USP14 and UCHL5 in vitro, and SERPB12 stimulates USP14 deubiquitylase activity."

reach
"Moreover, when we mixed purified SERPB12 with each of these two purified deubuiquitylases in vitro, SERPB12 stimulated the DUB activity of USP14 (XREF_FIG) but not UCHL5 (XREF_FIG)."

reach
"Since both deubiquitylases have more substantial activity when proteasome bound in vivo than in isolation, whether SERPB12 stimulates proteasomally bound USP14 activity in vivo or competes for the USP14 proteasomal binding site awaits further study."
Proteasome affects UCHL5, and USP14
| 4
| 4

sparser
"USP14 is one of the three proteasome-associated deubiquitinase (DUB) enzymes, USP14 and UCHL5 being the two that are associated reversibly with the proteasome [ xref ]."

sparser
"USP14 and UCHL5 associate with the proteasome through different ubiquitin receptors, USP14 to Rpn1 at the base of the 19S RP and UCHL5 to Rpn13/ADRM1 at the top of the 19S RP [ xref ] ( xref )."

sparser
"Later, it was determined that b-AP15 targeted the proteasome-bound USP14 and UCHL5, which belong to the USP and UCH families, respectively [ xref ]."

sparser
"The HA-UbVS pull-down also isolated known DUBs interactors ( xref ) such as proteasome subunits, consistent with the known interaction of UCHL5 and USP14 with the proteasome ( xref )."
Ku-70 affects USP14
| 4
| 4

sparser
"We first confirmed the interaction between Ku70 and USP14 by performing immunoprecipitation (IP) of USP14 from HEK 293T cells co-expressing Flag-HA-USP14 and EGFP-Flag-Ku70 using anti-HA, which co-immunoprecipitated USP14 and Ku70 (Figure xref )."

sparser
"Here, we demonstrate that USP14 directly interacts with Ku70, and USP14-mediated deubiquitination regulates DSB- recruitment of Ku70 and downstream NHEJ-core complex assembly."

sparser
"We further confirmed the interaction between endogenous Ku70 and USP14 by IP of USP14 from LNCaP cells followed by immunoblotting for Ku70 (Figure xref )."

sparser
"USP14 directly interacts with Ku70 and targets its ubiquitination."
Pyrithione affects USP14
| 2 1
Pyrithione activates USP14.
| 2
| 2

reach
"Another compound, copper pyrithione (CuPT), was reported to target both 19S proteasome specific DUBs, UCH37 and USP14, as well as 20S proteolytic peptidases."

reach
"Here we report that zinc pyrithione (ZnPT) targets the proteasome associated DUBs (USP14 and UCHL5) and inhibits their activities, resulting in a rapid accumulation of protein-ubiquitin conjugates, but without inhibiting the proteolytic activities of 20S proteasomes."
Pyrithione inhibits USP14.
| 1
| 1

sparser
"And only recently we have definitely confirmed that nickel pyrithione (NiPT) inhibits the 19S proteasome-associated deubiquitinases (DUBs) USP14 and UCHL5, but not the 20S proteasome peptidases, and the inhibition of proteasome-associated DUBs induces NiPT-mediated cytotoxicity, revealing a novel mechanism for the anti-cancer effects of nickel-containing compounds [ xref ]."
3 |
Pirinixic acid increases the amount of USP14. 3 / 3
3 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
3 |
Hsa-miR-6774-5p decreases the amount of USP14. 3 / 3
3 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
3 |
Hsa-miR-6741-5p decreases the amount of USP14. 3 / 3
3 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
3 |
Hsa-miR-6736-5p decreases the amount of USP14. 3 / 3
3 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
Hsa-miR-635 affects USP14
3 |
Hsa-miR-635 decreases the amount of USP14. 3 / 3
3 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
3 |
Hsa-miR-548an decreases the amount of USP14. 3 / 3
3 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
3 |
Hsa-miR-4701-3p decreases the amount of USP14. 3 / 3
3 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
3 |
Hsa-miR-451b decreases the amount of USP14. 3 / 3
3 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
3 |
Hsa-miR-3662 decreases the amount of USP14. 3 / 3
3 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
3 |
Hsa-miR-140-3p decreases the amount of USP14. 3 / 3
3 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
3 |
Hsa-miR-1262 decreases the amount of USP14. 3 / 3
3 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

reach
"Mechanistically, sustained ER stress up-regulated the deubiquitinating enzyme ubiquitin specific peptidase 14 (USP14), which increased the stability and levels of 3 ',5 '-cyclic monophosphate responsive element binding (CREB) protein (CBP) to enhance glucagon action and hepatic gluconeogenesis."

reach
"In conclusion, ER stress induces the upregulation of USP14, which leads to the destruction of glucose homeostasis [XREF_BIBR]."

reach
"Studies have shown that sustained ER stress upregulates USP14 from the transcription level through ATF4, thus improving the stability and level of CREB binding protein CBP, enhancing the role of glucagon and hepatic gluconeogenesis."
3 |
Cobalt dichloride increases the amount of USP14. 3 / 3
3 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
Ubiquitin affects USP7
| 3
| 2

sparser
"Here, we compare the structure of the PL pro -Ub complex with those of the USP2-Ub (PDB entry 2hd5; Renatus et al., 2006) , USP14-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 2ayo; Hu et al., 2005) and HAUSP-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 1nbf; Hu et al., 2002) complexes ( Supplementary Fig. S6 )."

sparser
"Only approximately 1000 Å 2 of the surface area of PL pro (640 Å 2 by the Ub core and 360 Å 2 by the Ub C-terminus) is buried in the interface, which is smaller than in the USP2-Ub (1900 Å 2 ; Supplementary Fig. S6b ), USP14-Ub aldehyde (1500 Å 2 ; Supplementary Fig. S6c ) and HAUSP-Ub aldehyde (1700 Å 2 ) complexes."
| 1

sparser
"Here, we compare the structure of the PL pro -Ub complex with those of the USP2-Ub (PDB entry 2hd5; Renatus et al., 2006) , USP14-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 2ayo; Hu et al., 2005) and HAUSP-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 1nbf; Hu et al., 2002) complexes ( Supplementary Fig. S6 )."
Ubiquitin affects UCHL5
| 3
| 3

sparser
"Indeed, Ub-VS assay confirmed the inhibitory activity of each ITC on the ubiquitin-binding activity of UCHL5 and USP14."

sparser
"Indeed, ubiquitin vinyl sulfone assay confirmed the inhibitory activity of each ITC on the ubiquitin-binding activity of UCHL5 and USP14."

sparser
"We found that FB-28 and FB-71 at 2.5 μM were able to completely inhibit the ubiquitin-binding activity of both UCHL5 and USP14, while DAST at the same concentration had only a partial inhibitory effect ( xref , top and bottom panels, lanes 3–5 vs. 1–2)."
USP7 affects Ubiquitin
| 3
| 2

sparser
"Here, we compare the structure of the PL pro -Ub complex with those of the USP2-Ub (PDB entry 2hd5; Renatus et al., 2006) , USP14-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 2ayo; Hu et al., 2005) and HAUSP-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 1nbf; Hu et al., 2002) complexes ( Supplementary Fig. S6 )."

sparser
"Only approximately 1000 Å 2 of the surface area of PL pro (640 Å 2 by the Ub core and 360 Å 2 by the Ub C-terminus) is buried in the interface, which is smaller than in the USP2-Ub (1900 Å 2 ; Supplementary Fig. S6b ), USP14-Ub aldehyde (1500 Å 2 ; Supplementary Fig. S6c ) and HAUSP-Ub aldehyde (1700 Å 2 ) complexes."
| 1

sparser
"Here, we compare the structure of the PL pro -Ub complex with those of the USP2-Ub (PDB entry 2hd5; Renatus et al., 2006) , USP14-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 2ayo; Hu et al., 2005) and HAUSP-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 1nbf; Hu et al., 2002) complexes ( Supplementary Fig. S6 )."
USP22 affects USP14
| 3
| 3

reach
"Unlike rutaecarpine, nobiletin failed to alter the GRP78-mediated degradation of AR-V7.In conclusion, this research not only demonstrates the reason why nobiletin suppressed the growth process of CRPC through the selective degradation of AR-V7, but also enriches our understanding of the degradation mechanism of AR-V7 and provides an efficient treatment target to overcome CRPC via targeting the interaction between AR-V7 and USP14/USP22 (Fig. 7G)."

reach
"However, it is worth noting that nobiletin had no effect on the interactions between AR-FL and USP14/USP22, which may explain why nobiletin has a certain selectivity in inducing the degradation of AR-V7.Our previous study has been demonstrated that rutaecarpinecan selectively trigger the GRP78-dependent AR-V7 degradation [23]."

reach
"Immunofluorescence and western blot experiments showed that these molecular events mainly occurred in the nucleus.We also confirmed that nobiletin can significantly decrease the interactions between AR-V7 and USP14/USP22 in a time and concentration-dependent manner, but did not affect the interactions between AR-FL and USP14/USP22, which may explain why nobiletin exhibits a certain selectivity in inducing the degradation of AR-V7."
USP2 affects Ubiquitin
| 3
| 2

sparser
"Here, we compare the structure of the PL pro -Ub complex with those of the USP2-Ub (PDB entry 2hd5; Renatus et al., 2006) , USP14-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 2ayo; Hu et al., 2005) and HAUSP-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 1nbf; Hu et al., 2002) complexes ( Supplementary Fig. S6 )."

sparser
"Only approximately 1000 Å 2 of the surface area of PL pro (640 Å 2 by the Ub core and 360 Å 2 by the Ub C-terminus) is buried in the interface, which is smaller than in the USP2-Ub (1900 Å 2 ; Supplementary Fig. S6b ), USP14-Ub aldehyde (1500 Å 2 ; Supplementary Fig. S6c ) and HAUSP-Ub aldehyde (1700 Å 2 ) complexes."
| 1

sparser
"Here, we compare the structure of the PL pro -Ub complex with those of the USP2-Ub (PDB entry 2hd5; Renatus et al., 2006) , USP14-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 2ayo; Hu et al., 2005) and HAUSP-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 1nbf; Hu et al., 2002) complexes ( Supplementary Fig. S6 )."

reach
"A study by Doeppner et al. (2013) found that miR-124 reduces expression of the target deubiquitinating enzyme Usp14, thereby increasing repressor-element-1-silencing transcription factor degradation."

reach
"USP14 and UCHL5 inhibitors promote ERalpha degradation and inhibit ERalpha transcription activity."

reach
"Although the -10 region is less conserved, there is a TGT motif one base upstream of the -10 region which is known to enhance transcription XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR."
USP14 affects migration
| 3
USP14 activates migration. 3 / 3
| 3

eidos
"Deubiquitinating Enzymes In vitro assays demonstrated that USP14 knockdown decreased proliferation , migration , and invasion of ESCC cells and also reduced tumorigenicity in mice ."

eidos
"Recently , researches have revealed USP14 enhances cisplatin resistance through affecting Akt / ERK signaling pathways and accelerates cell proliferation and migration in GC ( Fu et al ., 2018 ; Han K.H ."

eidos
"USP14 depletion or its specific inhibitor IU1 treatment decreased cell proliferation , invasion , migration , and Vascular Mimicry ( VM ) formation even under hypoxia conditions in HCC cell lines ."
USP14 increases the amount of gamma-aminobutyric acid.
| 2
USP14 increases the amount of gamma-aminobutyric acid. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Colocalization experiments and in vitro binding studies further indicated that USP14 and GABA A receptors are found together at synapses, that the C-terminus of USP14 can interact with the alpha1 loop of the GABA A receptor, and that expression of a GABA receptor peptide that binds USP14 can promote expression of surface GABA A receptors in HEK cells [XREF_BIBR]."

reach
"Intriguingly, Usp14 binds the alpha1 GABA A receptor subunit, and ax J mice lacking Usp14 exhibit increased GABA A receptor levels at Purkinje cell-surface membranes and increased inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs), which suggest that ubiquitin dependent GABA A receptor turnover at cerebellar synapses contributes to behavioral impairment."

reach
"Together, these data demonstrate physical interaction of GABA A R alpha1 and the ubiquitin specific protease Usp14, and suggest that the observed GABA A R redistribution in ataxia mice (XREF_FIG and XREF_FIG) is directly caused by the loss of Usp14, thereby indicating that GABA A R turnover is ubiquitin dependent."

reach
"Knockdown or inhibition of USP14 significantly abrogated hypoxia and reoxygenation induced upregulation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) activation and proinflammatory cytokine production."

reach
"Our results suggested that USP14 promotes proinflammatory cytokine production through activation of NF-kappaB."

reach
"Knockdown or inhibition of USP14 significantly abrogated hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced upregulation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) activation and proinflammatory cytokine production."
USP14 affects autophagy macrophages
| 3
USP14 inhibits autophagy macrophages. 3 / 3
| 3

eidos
"Typically inhibiting USP14 promotes autophagy in M1-like macrophages and alleviates CLP-induced sepsis Macrophages , with diverse functions and variable phenotypes , are considered as an important executor of inflammatory diseases ."

eidos
"Therefore , this study has demonstrated that typically inhibiting USP14 promotes autophagy in M1-like macrophages and alleviates CLP-induced sepsis ."

eidos
"Typically inhibiting USP14 promotes autophagy in M1-like macrophages and alleviates CLP-induced sepsis ."
USP14 affects USP7
| 3
| 2

sparser
"Here, we compare the structure of the PL pro -Ub complex with those of the USP2-Ub (PDB entry 2hd5; Renatus et al., 2006) , USP14-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 2ayo; Hu et al., 2005) and HAUSP-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 1nbf; Hu et al., 2002) complexes ( Supplementary Fig. S6 )."

sparser
"Only approximately 1000 Å 2 of the surface area of PL pro (640 Å 2 by the Ub core and 360 Å 2 by the Ub C-terminus) is buried in the interface, which is smaller than in the USP2-Ub (1900 Å 2 ; Supplementary Fig. S6b ), USP14-Ub aldehyde (1500 Å 2 ; Supplementary Fig. S6c ) and HAUSP-Ub aldehyde (1700 Å 2 ) complexes."
| 1

sparser
"Here, we compare the structure of the PL pro -Ub complex with those of the USP2-Ub (PDB entry 2hd5; Renatus et al., 2006) , USP14-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 2ayo; Hu et al., 2005) and HAUSP-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 1nbf; Hu et al., 2002) complexes ( Supplementary Fig. S6 )."
USP14 affects USP22
| 3
| 3

reach
"Unlike rutaecarpine, nobiletin failed to alter the GRP78-mediated degradation of AR-V7.In conclusion, this research not only demonstrates the reason why nobiletin suppressed the growth process of CRPC through the selective degradation of AR-V7, but also enriches our understanding of the degradation mechanism of AR-V7 and provides an efficient treatment target to overcome CRPC via targeting the interaction between AR-V7 and USP14/USP22 (Fig. 7G)."

reach
"However, it is worth noting that nobiletin had no effect on the interactions between AR-FL and USP14/USP22, which may explain why nobiletin has a certain selectivity in inducing the degradation of AR-V7.Our previous study has been demonstrated that rutaecarpinecan selectively trigger the GRP78-dependent AR-V7 degradation [23]."

reach
"Immunofluorescence and western blot experiments showed that these molecular events mainly occurred in the nucleus.We also confirmed that nobiletin can significantly decrease the interactions between AR-V7 and USP14/USP22 in a time and concentration-dependent manner, but did not affect the interactions between AR-FL and USP14/USP22, which may explain why nobiletin exhibits a certain selectivity in inducing the degradation of AR-V7."
USP14 affects USP2
| 3
| 2

sparser
"Here, we compare the structure of the PL pro -Ub complex with those of the USP2-Ub (PDB entry 2hd5; Renatus et al., 2006) , USP14-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 2ayo; Hu et al., 2005) and HAUSP-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 1nbf; Hu et al., 2002) complexes ( Supplementary Fig. S6 )."

sparser
"Only approximately 1000 Å 2 of the surface area of PL pro (640 Å 2 by the Ub core and 360 Å 2 by the Ub C-terminus) is buried in the interface, which is smaller than in the USP2-Ub (1900 Å 2 ; Supplementary Fig. S6b ), USP14-Ub aldehyde (1500 Å 2 ; Supplementary Fig. S6c ) and HAUSP-Ub aldehyde (1700 Å 2 ) complexes."
| 1

sparser
"Here, we compare the structure of the PL pro -Ub complex with those of the USP2-Ub (PDB entry 2hd5; Renatus et al., 2006) , USP14-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 2ayo; Hu et al., 2005) and HAUSP-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 1nbf; Hu et al., 2002) complexes ( Supplementary Fig. S6 )."
USP14 affects UBE3C
| 1 2
| 1 2

reach
"In cells or extracts, adding Usp14 inhibitors (IU-1 or ubiquitin aldehyde) enhanced Usp14 and Ube3c binding further."

sparser
"Then multiple changes occur: this basal inhibition is reversed, more cytosolic Usp14 and Ube3c associate with the 26S particle, and the interaction of the Ub chain with Usp14 (or Uch37) activates the particle's ATPase and proteolytic capacity, all of which favor the selective and efficient degradation of ubiquitylated proteins ( xref )."

sparser
"For instance, ubiquitinated but not non-ubiquitinated proteins were shown to stimulate association of 26S proteasomes with Usp14 and Ube3c, which in the presence of attached ubiquitin-conjugates induce conformational changes of the proteasome, increase its activity and processivity ( xref ; xref ; xref ; xref )."
USP14 affects RPN1
| 3
| 3

reach
"The binding of USP14 to Rpn1 subunit through Ubl enhances its deubiquitinating activity, which is responsible for the removement of ubiquitin chains and prevent the release of ubiquitin to the proteolytic channel."

reach
"Interestingly, USP14 and UCH37 bind to RPN1 and to RPN13, respectively, which are, in addition to the RPN10, substrate receptors of the 19S regulatory particle [67], which provide a versatile binding platform for various ubiquitin chains [68]."

reach
"Both UCHL5 and USP14 are physically associated with the base components of the 19S proteasome; USP14 can bind to the scaffolding protein Rpn1, while UCHL5 is found to bind to both ubiquitin receptors Rpn10 and Rpn13 [XREF_BIBR - XREF_BIBR]."
USP14 affects PSMD7
3 |
3 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
USP14 affects PSMD4
2 1 |
2 1 |

No evidence text available

"RPN1 interacted strongly with four BAG proteins and with the ubiquitin ligase CHIP. This was in contrast to the three other subunits (RPN10, RPN13, and RPT2) that primarily interacted with other proteasome subunits (Figures 5I, 5J, and S4E)"

No evidence text available
USP14 affects PSMD13
3 |
3 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
USP14 affects PSMD12
3 |
3 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
USP14 affects PSMC6
3 |
3 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
USP14 affects PSMC5
3 |
3 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
USP14 affects PSMC3
3 |
3 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
USP14 affects NCIT:C17764
| 3

sparser
"Moreover, the dynamic interaction of the HSC70 chaperone with USP14 is known to mediate the crosstalk between proteasome and autophagy."

sparser
"MS-based interactomics revealed an interaction of USP14 with the chaperone, HSC70, in neuroblastoma cells."

sparser
"Overexpression of mutant USP14-W58A disrupted the interaction of USP14 with the 26S proteasome, while enhanced the binding of USP14 to the HSC70 chaperone and GABARAP autophagic protein ( xref )."
USP14 affects Mice
| 3
USP14 activates Mice. 3 / 3
| 3

reach
"Moreover, knockdown of USP14 or USP14-specific inhibitor treatment significantly suppresses cell growth and migration in EC cell lines or in mice."

reach
"USP14 inhibition promotes recovery by protecting BBB integrity and attenuating neuroinflammation in MCAO mice."

reach
"USP14 depletion or IU1 treatment suppresses HCC cell growth in mice."
USP14 affects Interferon
| 3
| 3

reach
"USP14 specific inhibitor, IU1, was demonstrated to increase RIG-I-mediated type I IFN production and antiviral responses in vitro and in vivo."

reach
"USP14 knockdown significantly enhanced RIG-I-triggered type I IFN signaling and inhibited VSV replication both in mouse peritoneal macrophages and THP1 cells."

reach
"Besides, USP14 specific inhibitor-IU1 increased RIG-I-mediated type I IFN production and antiviral responses in vitro and in vivo."
USP14 affects IL1B
| 3
USP14 activates IL1B. 3 / 3
| 3

reach
"Overall, a feed-forward loop driven by NF-κB and USP14 in promoting the effect of IL-1β on chondrocytes might offer potential hints on therapeutic interventions for OA (Table 2)."

reach
"Finally, USP14 promoted the dedifferentiation effect of IL-1β on chondrocytes, whereas inhibition of NF-κB remarkably reversed this effect, implying that NF-κB efficiently regulates the function of USP14 (Li M. et al., 2019)."

reach
"However, inhibition of USP14 activity with IU1, silencing of UCH37 with siRNA, or a combination of both approaches to inhibit both USP14 and UCH37 simultaneously did not inhibit the release of IL-1beta (XREF_FIG)."
USP14 affects IKB
| 1 2
USP14 inhibits IKB. 3 / 3
| 1 2

reach
"This finding is consistent with another study demonstrating that the inhibition of USP14 increases IkappaB stability in rat lungs and prevents ventilator induced lung injury."

eidos
"In microbial infection , USP14 induced IkappaB degradation and promoted lipopolysaccharide ( LPS ) - mediated activation of NF-kappaB19 ."

reach
"We previously showed that USP14 decreases the stability of IkappaB by interacting with the NF-kappaB subunit RelA."
USP14 affects Histone
| 2 1
USP14 leads to the acetylation of Histone. 3 / 3
| 2 1

sparser
"Because USP14 stabilized CBP, we investigated whether USP14 promoted CBP-mediated histone acetylation."

reach
"The LPS induced acetylation of histone H4K8 was enhanced in MLE12 cells overexpressing USP14 (XREF_FIG), whereas knockdown of USP14 with usp14 specific shRNA attenuated the acetylation of histone H4K8 (XREF_FIG)."

reach
"Inhibition of USP14 decreased the amount of CBP protein, attenuated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated histone acetylation and cytokine release, and lessened systemic and lung inflammation in mice."
USP14 affects HMBS
| 1 2
USP14 inhibits HMBS. 3 / 3
| 1 2

eidos
"13 IU1 , an inhibitor of USP14 , can increase UPS activities , promote Tau degradation , and enhance mitochondrial elimination in neuronal cells.14 , 15 , 16 Similarly , dysregulation of USP14 has been reported in several tumors , including breast cancer , lung adenocarcinoma , and epithelial ovarian cancer.17 , 18 , 19 However , whether USP14 is involved in preeclampsia remains elusive ."

reach
"Taken together, these data show that phosphorylation of USP14 by Akt is important for this kinase to negatively regulate the UPS in a ubiquitin dependent manner."

reach
"Interestingly, it appears USP14 not only negatively regulates the UPS, but also negatively regulates autophagy through removing Lys63 linked ubiquitin chains from the autophagy regulator Beclin-1 [XREF_BIBR]."
USP14 affects G1 phase
| 3
USP14 inhibits G1 phase.
| 2
| 2

reach
"Inhibition of USP14 causes G 0 / G 1 arrest and apoptosis in breast cancer cells."

reach
"Additionally, both genetic and pharmacological inhibition of USP14 significantly suppressed cell proliferation in AR responsive breast cancer cells by blocking G 0 / G 1 to S phase transition and inducing apoptosis."
USP14 activates G1 phase.
| 1
Modified USP14 activates G1 phase. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Loss of USP14 expression and function dramatically decreased AR level, blocked G 0 / G 1 to S phase transition, and triggered cell apoptosis in AR + breast cancer cells, suggesting that targeting USP14/AR axis could be a potential strategy for TNBC therapy."
USP14 affects ERAD
| 3
USP14 inhibits ERAD. 3 / 3
| 3

reach
"It has been reported earlier that USP14 is a binding partner of the ER stress receptor IRE1alpha and USP14 inhibition of USP14 activity by RNA interfering can activate ERAD, suggesting that USP14 may [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

reach
"Overexpression of USP14 inhibited the ER associated degradation (ERAD) pathway, and USP14 depletion by small interfering RNA effectively activated ERAD."

reach
"It has been shown that endogenous USP14 negatively regulates ERAD XREF_BIBR."
USP14 affects BCL6
| 1 2
| 1 2

reach
"At the molecular lever, we found that USP14 interacted with BCL6 and prevented it from proteasomal dependent degradation."

sparser
"These results indicated that targeting the USP14-BCL6 axis might benefit the treatment of EOC."

sparser
"At the molecular lever, we found that USP14 interacted with BCL6 and prevented it from proteasomal-dependent degradation."
USP14 affects BCL2L1
2 | 1
2 | 1

sparser
"Further investigation revealed that USP14 interacts with the anti-apoptotic Bcl-XL as evidenced by co-immunoprecipitation and that the upregulation of USP14 disrupts the normal proteosomal degradation."

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
USP14 affects ATF2
| 2 1
USP14 activates ATF2. 3 / 3
| 2 1

sparser
"USP14 deubiquitinates and activates ATF2, resulting in enhanced prostate cancer cells proliferation both in vitro and in vivo."

reach
"Hence, the USP14-induced enhancement in PC development through the stabilization of AR validated its potential role in PC therapy.Furthermore, USP14 was found to upregulate the abundance and transcriptional activity of activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2), which function as both a transcription factor and oncogene in PC, via its deubiquitination (Ma et al., 2018), thus enhancing the proliferation of PC cells."

reach
"USP14 deubiquitinates and activates ATF2, resulting in enhanced prostate cancer cells proliferation both invitro and invivo."
USP14 affects 26S
| 3
Proteasome binds USP14 and 26S. 3 / 3
| 3

reach
"As USP14 and Ubp6 has been shown to be activated 300-fold upon binding to the proteasome, participating in the stepwise removal of ubiquitin and sparing it from proteasomal degradation, and that a loss of USP14 activity results in reduced levels of free ubiquitin, we next analyzed free ubiquitin levels in CD4 + T cells during aging, to evaluate whether increased USP14 activity associated with the 26S proteasome, impacts levels of free cellular ubiquitin."

reach
"The binding of USP14 to the 26S proteasome was monitored by western blotting using an antibody against USP14 (Bethyl Laboratories, Inc)."

reach
"(B) The effect of USP14 aptamers on USP14 binding to the 26S proteasome was determined by immunoblotting after pulldown assays."
UCHL5 affects Ubiquitin
| 3
| 3

sparser
"Indeed, Ub-VS assay confirmed the inhibitory activity of each ITC on the ubiquitin-binding activity of UCHL5 and USP14."

sparser
"Indeed, ubiquitin vinyl sulfone assay confirmed the inhibitory activity of each ITC on the ubiquitin-binding activity of UCHL5 and USP14."

sparser
"We found that FB-28 and FB-71 at 2.5 μM were able to completely inhibit the ubiquitin-binding activity of both UCHL5 and USP14, while DAST at the same concentration had only a partial inhibitory effect ( xref , top and bottom panels, lanes 3–5 vs. 1–2)."
UCHL5 affects PSMD14
| 3
| 3

sparser
"Among these DUBs, POH1, UCHL5 and USP14 are associated with the 19S proteasome; they are often overexpressed in several carcinoma cells, which renders them potentially new therapeutic targets in these cancer cells [ xref – xref ]."

sparser
"In addition to RPN11, UCHL5 and USP14 are also associated with cell survival and cancer progession [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"There are three important DUBs associated with the 19S proteasome, the JAMM family member POH1 (also known as RPN11/pda1/S13/mpr1), the USP family member USP14 and the UCHs family member UCHL5 (also known as UCH37)."
UBE3C affects USP14
| 1 2
| 1 2

reach
"In cells or extracts, adding Usp14 inhibitors (IU-1 or ubiquitin aldehyde) enhanced Usp14 and Ube3c binding further."

sparser
"Then multiple changes occur: this basal inhibition is reversed, more cytosolic Usp14 and Ube3c associate with the 26S particle, and the interaction of the Ub chain with Usp14 (or Uch37) activates the particle's ATPase and proteolytic capacity, all of which favor the selective and efficient degradation of ubiquitylated proteins ( xref )."

sparser
"For instance, ubiquitinated but not non-ubiquitinated proteins were shown to stimulate association of 26S proteasomes with Usp14 and Ube3c, which in the presence of attached ubiquitin-conjugates induce conformational changes of the proteasome, increase its activity and processivity ( xref ; xref ; xref ; xref )."
RPN1 affects USP14
| 3
| 3

reach
"The binding of USP14 to Rpn1 subunit through Ubl enhances its deubiquitinating activity, which is responsible for the removement of ubiquitin chains and prevent the release of ubiquitin to the proteolytic channel."

reach
"Interestingly, USP14 and UCH37 bind to RPN1 and to RPN13, respectively, which are, in addition to the RPN10, substrate receptors of the 19S regulatory particle [67], which provide a versatile binding platform for various ubiquitin chains [68]."

reach
"Both UCHL5 and USP14 are physically associated with the base components of the 19S proteasome; USP14 can bind to the scaffolding protein Rpn1, while UCHL5 is found to bind to both ubiquitin receptors Rpn10 and Rpn13 [XREF_BIBR - XREF_BIBR]."
Proteasome affects 26S
| 3
Proteasome binds USP14 and 26S. 3 / 3
| 3

reach
"As USP14 and Ubp6 has been shown to be activated 300-fold upon binding to the proteasome, participating in the stepwise removal of ubiquitin and sparing it from proteasomal degradation, and that a loss of USP14 activity results in reduced levels of free ubiquitin, we next analyzed free ubiquitin levels in CD4 + T cells during aging, to evaluate whether increased USP14 activity associated with the 26S proteasome, impacts levels of free cellular ubiquitin."

reach
"The binding of USP14 to the 26S proteasome was monitored by western blotting using an antibody against USP14 (Bethyl Laboratories, Inc)."

reach
"(B) The effect of USP14 aptamers on USP14 binding to the 26S proteasome was determined by immunoblotting after pulldown assays."
PSMD7 affects USP14
3 |
3 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
PSMD14 affects UCHL5, and USP14
| 3
| 3

sparser
"Among these DUBs, POH1, UCHL5 and USP14 are associated with the 19S proteasome; they are often overexpressed in several carcinoma cells, which renders them potentially new therapeutic targets in these cancer cells [ xref – xref ]."

sparser
"In addition to RPN11, UCHL5 and USP14 are also associated with cell survival and cancer progession [ xref , xref ]."

sparser
"There are three important DUBs associated with the 19S proteasome, the JAMM family member POH1 (also known as RPN11/pda1/S13/mpr1), the USP family member USP14 and the UCHs family member UCHL5 (also known as UCH37)."
PSMD13 affects USP14
3 |
3 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
PSMD12 affects USP14
3 |
3 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
PSMC6 affects USP14
3 |
3 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
PSMC5 affects USP14
3 |
3 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
PSMC3 affects USP14
3 |
3 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
NLRC5 affects USP14
| 1 2
| 1 2

sparser
"We next sought to determine whether USP14 directly interacts with NLRC5 to modulate its function and observed that the interaction between NLRC5 and USP14 is up-regulated by LPS treatment in pMs ( xref )."

sparser
"The USP14-NLRC5 axis was found to suppress titanium wear particle-induced osteolysis by inhibiting the NF-κB and PI3K/AKT pathways, presumably offering new insights into improving the long-term survival of THA ( xref ) ( xref )."

reach
"We next sought to determine whether USP14 directly interacts with NLRC5 to modulate its function and observed that the interaction between NLRC5 and USP14 is up-regulated by LPS treatment in pMs (XREF_FIG)."
NCIT:C17764 affects USP14
| 3

sparser
"Moreover, the dynamic interaction of the HSC70 chaperone with USP14 is known to mediate the crosstalk between proteasome and autophagy."

sparser
"MS-based interactomics revealed an interaction of USP14 with the chaperone, HSC70, in neuroblastoma cells."

sparser
"Overexpression of mutant USP14-W58A disrupted the interaction of USP14 with the 26S proteasome, while enhanced the binding of USP14 to the HSC70 chaperone and GABARAP autophagic protein ( xref )."
BCL6 affects USP14
| 1 2
| 1 2

reach
"At the molecular lever, we found that USP14 interacted with BCL6 and prevented it from proteasomal dependent degradation."

sparser
"These results indicated that targeting the USP14-BCL6 axis might benefit the treatment of EOC."

sparser
"At the molecular lever, we found that USP14 interacted with BCL6 and prevented it from proteasomal-dependent degradation."
BCL2L1 affects USP14
2 | 1
2 | 1

sparser
"Further investigation revealed that USP14 interacts with the anti-apoptotic Bcl-XL as evidenced by co-immunoprecipitation and that the upregulation of USP14 disrupts the normal proteosomal degradation."

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
26S affects USP14
| 3
Proteasome binds USP14 and 26S. 3 / 3
| 3

reach
"As USP14 and Ubp6 has been shown to be activated 300-fold upon binding to the proteasome, participating in the stepwise removal of ubiquitin and sparing it from proteasomal degradation, and that a loss of USP14 activity results in reduced levels of free ubiquitin, we next analyzed free ubiquitin levels in CD4 + T cells during aging, to evaluate whether increased USP14 activity associated with the 26S proteasome, impacts levels of free cellular ubiquitin."

reach
"The binding of USP14 to the 26S proteasome was monitored by western blotting using an antibody against USP14 (Bethyl Laboratories, Inc)."

reach
"(B) The effect of USP14 aptamers on USP14 binding to the 26S proteasome was determined by immunoblotting after pulldown assays."
Α1 affects USP14
| 2
USP14 binds α1. 2 / 2
| 2

sparser
"In addition to the loss of Usp14 in mice, we aimed to proof, whether heterologous overexpression of an isolated Usp14 binding site (compare with xref ) of GABA A R α1 would mimic the receptor surface distribution phenotype upon competitive interference with GABA A R α1Usp14 binding."

sparser
"Hence, we conclude that the disruption of GABA A R α1-Usp14 binding, and consequently the gene expression knockdown of Usp14 in ax J mice, is directly causal for increased GABA A R surface membrane expression, known to result in enlarged IPSC amplitudes in vivo ."
2 |
Valproic acid increases the amount of USP14. 2 / 2
2 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
2 |
Sodium dichromate increases the amount of USP14. 2 / 2
2 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
RplA affects USP14
| 2
USP14 binds rplA and BL2. 2 / 2
| 2

sparser
"In the UbAl-bound form of Usp14, BL1 and BL2 are displaced, allowing the ubiquitin C-terminus access to the binding groove [ xref ]."

sparser
"In the UbAl-bound form of Usp14, BL1 and BL2 are displaced, allowing the ubiquitin C-terminus access to the binding groove [71] ."
2 |
Hsa-miR-4782-3p decreases the amount of USP14. 2 / 2
2 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
2 |
Hsa-miR-3714 decreases the amount of USP14. 2 / 2
2 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
Docking proteasome affects USP14
| 2
Docking proteasome activates USP14. 2 / 2
| 2

eidos
"Potentially USP14 aptamers inhibit USP14 by preventing its docking on the proteasome ."

eidos
"IU1 inhibits USP14 by preventing its docking on the proteasome and increases K63-ubiqutination of Beclin1 ( ref ."
Cadmium dichloride decreases the amount of USP14. 2 / 2
2 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
Bortezomib affects USP14
| 2
| 2

reach
"Notwithstanding this success, the potency of pimozide (IC 50 ~ 2muM) is lower than those of clinically approved UPS inhibitor 26S proteasome inhibitor Bortezomib (IC 50 ~ 100nM) (XREF_FIG and XREF_TABLE), and another UPS inhibitor VLX1570, which inhibited the DUBs UCHL5 and USP14 (IC 50 ~ 100nM) and was previously studied in clinical trials but terminated due to limiting toxicities (study identifier NCT02372240)."

reach
"Notwithstanding this success, the potency of pimozide (IC50 ~2 μM) is lower than those of clinically approved UPS inhibitor 26S proteasome inhibitor Bortezomib (IC50 ~100 nM) (Fig. 1 and Table 2), and another UPS inhibitor VLX1570, which inhibited the DUBs UCHL5 and USP14 (IC50 ~100 nM) and was previously studied in clinical trials but terminated due to limiting toxicities (study identifier NCT02372240) (ClinicalTrials.gov, 2018; Wang et al., 2016)."
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate increases the amount of USP14. 2 / 2
2 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
Biotin affects USP14
| 2
Biotin activates USP14. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"miR-34a-5p biotin labeled probe was synthesized by IDT with the probe sequence of 5 ' Biotin-TGG CAG TGT CTT AGC TGG TTG T as well as the negative control probe with the sequence of 5 ' Biotin-ACG TGA CAC GTT CGG AGA ATT."

reach
"The C-terminus of the pMHC antigen was modified with a biotin ligase sequence that allowed for conjugation to the TGT with biotin-streptavidin."
2 |
Benzo[a]pyrene increases the amount of USP14. 2 / 2
2 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
| 2

reach
"In the USP14/ubiquitin-aldehyde complex, where the ubiquitin C terminus is covalently bound to the site cysteine and only one C-terminal oxygen is present, Asn108 (Asn218 in USP2) interacts with the hydroxyl of the thiohemiacetal, while Asn111 (Asn221 in USP2) makes no specific interactions and is rotated away from the active site."

reach
"However, as the USP14/ubiquitin-aldehyde complex (Hu et al., 2005) has been solved at significantly lower resolution than the corresponding complex with USP7 (3."
| 2

reach
"A similar structural identity exists between USP2 and USP14, where 256 Calpha positions can be aligned with an rmsd of 1.43 A. However, as the USP14, ubiquitin, and aldehyde complex (Hu et al., 2005) [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

reach
"In the USP14, ubiquitin, and aldehyde complex, where the ubiquitin C terminus is covalently bound to the site cysteine and only one C-terminal oxygen is present, Asn108 (Asn218 in USP2) interacts with[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
XPO7 affects USP14
2 |
2 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
Wnt affects USP14
| 2
| 2

sparser
"Usp14, identified as a deubiquitinase for Dvl, transiently interacts with Usp14 upon Wnt stimulation, disassembles K63-linked polyubiquitin chains attached to Dvl, an event that is required for Wnt signaling."

sparser
"Dvl was found to interact with Usp14 in a Wnt-dependent manner to promote rapid disassembly of Dvl-bound, K63-linked chains."
| 2

reach
"In the USP14/ubiquitin-aldehyde complex, where the ubiquitin C terminus is covalently bound to the site cysteine and only one C-terminal oxygen is present, Asn108 (Asn218 in USP2) interacts with the hydroxyl of the thiohemiacetal, while Asn111 (Asn221 in USP2) makes no specific interactions and is rotated away from the active site."

reach
"However, as the USP14/ubiquitin-aldehyde complex (Hu et al., 2005) has been solved at significantly lower resolution than the corresponding complex with USP7 (3."
| 2

reach
"A similar structural identity exists between USP2 and USP14, where 256 Calpha positions can be aligned with an rmsd of 1.43 A. However, as the USP14, ubiquitin, and aldehyde complex (Hu et al., 2005) [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

reach
"In the USP14, ubiquitin, and aldehyde complex, where the ubiquitin C terminus is covalently bound to the site cysteine and only one C-terminal oxygen is present, Asn108 (Asn218 in USP2) interacts with[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
USP14-3 affects USP14
| 2
USP14-3 inhibits USP14. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"USP14-3 inhibited USP14 deubiquitinating activity in a dose-dependent manner (Fig. 2F and Supplementary Fig. 2)."

reach
"USP14-3 inhibited USP14 deubiquitinating activity in a dose dependent manner (XREF_FIG and XREF_SUPPLEMENTARY)."
USP14 affects α1
| 2
USP14 binds α1. 2 / 2
| 2

sparser
"In addition to the loss of Usp14 in mice, we aimed to proof, whether heterologous overexpression of an isolated Usp14 binding site (compare with xref ) of GABA A R α1 would mimic the receptor surface distribution phenotype upon competitive interference with GABA A R α1Usp14 binding."

sparser
"Hence, we conclude that the disruption of GABA A R α1-Usp14 binding, and consequently the gene expression knockdown of Usp14 in ax J mice, is directly causal for increased GABA A R surface membrane expression, known to result in enlarged IPSC amplitudes in vivo ."

reach
"Ablation of USP14 also influenced PRV replication, whereas replenishment of USP14 in USP14 null cells restored viral replication."

reach
"Consistently, replenishment of USP14 in USP14 null cells restored viral replication."
| 2

reach
"As shown in Fig. 6A, knockdown of USP14 and administration with 50 μM IU1 remarkably inhibited tube formation."

reach
"USP14 or ATF2 knockdown inhibited HG-induced HRMECs proliferation, migration, and tube formation."

reach
"USP14 can enhance the signal transduction of Wnt and beta-catenin."

reach
"Attenuation of Wnt signal transduction by Usp14 inhibition."
USP14 affects rplA
| 2
USP14 binds rplA and BL2. 2 / 2
| 2

sparser
"In the UbAl-bound form of Usp14, BL1 and BL2 are displaced, allowing the ubiquitin C-terminus access to the binding groove [ xref ]."

sparser
"In the UbAl-bound form of Usp14, BL1 and BL2 are displaced, allowing the ubiquitin C-terminus access to the binding groove [71] ."
USP14 affects pyroptosis
| 2
| 2

reach
"USP14 promotes pyroptosis of human annulus fibrosus cells derived from patients with intervertebral disc degeneration through deubiquitination of NLRP3."

reach
"In this study, the role of USP14 in mediating the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the pyroptosis of AF cells from IVDD patients is determined in vitro , and gain- and loss-of-function assays of USP14 and the NLRP3 inflammasome are conducted."
USP14 affects protein beta-catenin cyclin D1 c-Myc ESCC cells
| 2
USP14 activates protein beta-catenin cyclin D1 c-Myc ESCC cells. 2 / 2
| 2

eidos
"Mechanically , downregulation of USP14 decreased the protein expression levels of beta-catenin , cyclin D1 , and c-Myc in ESCC cells ."

eidos
"Our study showed that downregulation of USP14 decreased the protein expression levels of beta-catenin , cyclin D1 , and c-Myc in ESCC cells ."
USP14 affects pathogenic aggregates Tau protein Alzheimer disease TDP-43
| 2
USP14 activates pathogenic aggregates Tau protein Alzheimer disease TDP-43. 2 / 2
| 2

eidos
"Usp14 inhibitors are able to increase the degradation rate of the pathogenic aggregates of Tau protein ( Alzheimer 's disease ) as well as TDP-43 ( amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ) , opening new exciting therapeutic approaches ."

eidos
"Usp14 inhibitors are able to increase the degradation rate of the pathogenic aggregates of Tau protein ( Alzheimer 's disease ) as well as TDP-43 ( amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ) , opening new exciting therapeutic approaches.3 Finally , a new set of drugs , called degraders ,16 which have the ability to trigger selective degradation of target proteins via UPS-recruiting E3 ligases , represent an invaluable strategy for basic research , as well as drug discovery and development of new therapies ."
| 1 1

reach
"USP14 stabilizes CBP by diminishing its ubiquitination, whereas inhibiting USP14 deregulates the abundance of CBP and prevents LPS-mediated cytokine release."

eidos
"In microbial infection , USP14 induced IkappaB degradation and promoted lipopolysaccharide ( LPS ) - mediated activation of NF-kappaB19 ."
USP14 affects invasion ESCC cells
| 2
USP14 activates invasion ESCC cells. 2 / 2
| 2

eidos
"Downregulation of USP14 Suppresses the Activation of Wnt / beta-Catenin Signaling Pathway in ESCC Cells To investigate the molecular mechanism by which USP14 promoted proliferation and invasion in ESCC cells , we examined the effects of USP14 on the activation of the Wnt / beta-catenin signaling pathway ."

eidos
"Deubiquitinating Enzymes In vitro assays demonstrated that USP14 knockdown decreased proliferation , migration , and invasion of ESCC cells and also reduced tumorigenicity in mice ."

reach
"Ubiquitin specific protease 14 (USP14) contributes the progress of inflammation associated diseases."

eidos
"Inhibition of USP14 suppresses ferroptosis and inflammation in LPS-induced goat mammary epithelial cells through ubiquitylating the IL-6 protein ."
USP14 affects ibrutinib
| 2
| 2

reach
"Conclusion: USP14 can promote the malignant progression and ibrutinib sensitivity of MCL by stabilizing XPO1."

reach
"USP14 promotes the malignant progression and ibrutinib resistance of mantle cell lymphoma by stabilizing XPO1."
USP14 affects gate
| 2
USP14 activates gate. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"On the substrate-engaged pathway, ubiquitin-dependent activation of USP14 allosterically reprograms the conformational landscape of the AAA-ATPase motor and stimulates opening of the core particle gate 8-10 , enabling observation of a near-complete cycle of asymmetric ATP hydrolysis around the ATPase ring during processive substrate unfolding."

reach
"Conversely, USP14 might also activate proteolysis by degrading ubiquitin chains on target proteins and thereby enhance gate opening of the 20S proteasome."
USP14 affects function
| 2
USP14 inhibits function. 2 / 2
| 2

sparser
"We also report that Usp14 can inhibit proteasome function noncatalytically, as previously observed for its yeast ortholog Ubp6 (ref xref )."

sparser
"Smusp14 transcript level is higher in cercariae when compared with adult worms, suggesting that Sm USP14 can inhibit proteasome function noncatalytically, as previously observed for its yeast orthologue Ubp6 [ xref ]."
USP14 affects cell growth migration invasion cancer
| 2
USP14 activates cell growth migration invasion cancer. 2 / 2
| 2

eidos
"Furthermore , USP14 promotes cell growth , migration and invasion in gastric cancer by targeting vimentin , which is involved in EMT ( Zhu et al. 2017 ) ."

eidos
"Furthermore , USP14 promotes cell growth , migration and invasion in gastric cancer by targeting vimentin , which is involved in EMT ) ."
USP14 affects aldehyde
| 2

reach
"In the USP14/ubiquitin-aldehyde complex, where the ubiquitin C terminus is covalently bound to the site cysteine and only one C-terminal oxygen is present, Asn108 (Asn218 in USP2) interacts with the hydroxyl of the thiohemiacetal, while Asn111 (Asn221 in USP2) makes no specific interactions and is rotated away from the active site."

reach
"However, as the USP14/ubiquitin-aldehyde complex (Hu et al., 2005) has been solved at significantly lower resolution than the corresponding complex with USP7 (3."
USP14 affects XPO7
2 |
2 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
USP14 affects XPO1
| 2
USP14 activates XPO1. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"USP14 promotes the malignant progression and ibrutinib resistance of mantle cell lymphoma by stabilizing XPO1."

reach
"Conclusion: USP14 can promote the malignant progression and ibrutinib sensitivity of MCL by stabilizing XPO1."
USP14 affects VLX1570
| 2
USP14 binds VLX1570. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"The dissociation constant (K D) for binding of VLX1570 to recombinant USP14 was between 1.5 and 18muM using two different sources of recombinant protein (XREF_TABLE; XREF_FIG, d)."

reach
"VLX1570 binds and inhibits the activity of USP14 and UCHL5."
| 2

eidos
"In the present study , we have revealed that repression of USP14 sensitizes vemurafenib resistance in melanoma through a previously unappreciated mechanism that USP14 but not UCHL5 stabilizes Skp2 , blocking its ubiquitination ."

eidos
"The inhibition of USP14 can also increase the degree of ubiquitination of Dvl and significantly inhibit the downstream of Wnt signal transduction [ 18 ] ."
USP14 affects Ubiquitin, and aldehyde
| 2

reach
"In the USP14/ubiquitin-aldehyde complex, where the ubiquitin C terminus is covalently bound to the site cysteine and only one C-terminal oxygen is present, Asn108 (Asn218 in USP2) interacts with the hydroxyl of the thiohemiacetal, while Asn111 (Asn221 in USP2) makes no specific interactions and is rotated away from the active site."

reach
"However, as the USP14/ubiquitin-aldehyde complex (Hu et al., 2005) has been solved at significantly lower resolution than the corresponding complex with USP7 (3."
| 2

reach
"A similar structural identity exists between USP2 and USP14, where 256 Calpha positions can be aligned with an rmsd of 1.43 A. However, as the USP14, ubiquitin, and aldehyde complex (Hu et al., 2005) [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

reach
"In the USP14, ubiquitin, and aldehyde complex, where the ubiquitin C terminus is covalently bound to the site cysteine and only one C-terminal oxygen is present, Asn108 (Asn218 in USP2) interacts with[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
USP14 affects USP2, USP7, and Ubiquitin
| 2
| 2

sparser
"Here, we compare the structure of the PL pro -Ub complex with those of the USP2-Ub (PDB entry 2hd5; Renatus et al., 2006) , USP14-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 2ayo; Hu et al., 2005) and HAUSP-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 1nbf; Hu et al., 2002) complexes ( Supplementary Fig. S6 )."

sparser
"Only approximately 1000 Å 2 of the surface area of PL pro (640 Å 2 by the Ub core and 360 Å 2 by the Ub C-terminus) is buried in the interface, which is smaller than in the USP2-Ub (1900 Å 2 ; Supplementary Fig. S6b ), USP14-Ub aldehyde (1500 Å 2 ; Supplementary Fig. S6c ) and HAUSP-Ub aldehyde (1700 Å 2 ) complexes."
USP14 affects UPP
| 2
USP14 activates UPP. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"They further demonstrated that inhibition of USP14 not only promoted the degradation of classic substrates of the UPP, but also promoted the clearance oxidized proteins and enhanced the resistance to oxidative stress [XREF_BIBR], indicating that the UPP is involved in targeting oxidized proteins for degradation."

reach
"They further demonstrated that inhibition of USP14 not only promoted the degradation of classic substrates of the UPP, but also promoted the clearance oxidized proteins and enhanced the resistance to oxidative stress [XREF_BIBR], indicating that ubiquitination is involved in targeting oxidized proteins for degradation."
USP14 affects UL83
| 2
USP14 inhibits UL83.
| 1
USP14 inhibits UL83. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"H/R treatment substantially enhanced the expression levels of USP14 mRNA and protein expression (Figure 3A–C), and p‐p65 protein expression (Figures 3B and 3D) in HTR8/Svneo and B6Tert‐1 cell lines.3.4 Depletion of USP14 abrogated H/R-induced upregulation of USP14, p-p65, and proinflammatory cytokines."
USP14 activates UL83.
| 1
USP14 activates UL83. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"H/R treatment substantially enhanced the expression levels of USP14 mRNA and protein expression (Figure 3A–C), and p‐p65 protein expression (Figures 3B and 3D) in HTR8/Svneo and B6Tert‐1 cell lines.3.4 Depletion of USP14 abrogated H/R-induced upregulation of USP14, p-p65, and proinflammatory cytokines."
USP14 affects UGT8
| 2
| 2

sparser
"In other words, the recombination between the CGT-and TGT-types occurred in the AH population."

sparser
"However, the detection of only the CGT-type from AH samples and recombination tracts in AH sequences showed that the CGT-and TGT-types, exhibiting the two highest promoter activities, were common in AH populations."
USP14 affects UBL
| 2
USP14 binds TRIM11 and UBL. 2 / 2
| 2

sparser
"The most dramatic regulation of USP14 described to date is post-translational and involves the protein TRIM11, which binds the N-terminal ubiquitin-like domain of USP14 in competition with the proteasome ( xref )."

sparser
"TRIM11 interacts with the UBL domain of USP14 and may physically block its access to the RP."
USP14 affects UBE2N
1 |
1 |

No evidence text available
USP14 affects UBA1
| 1 1
| 1 1

sparser
"Regarding the structure of proteasome bound to USP14, the USP14-Uba1 complex binds to the periphery of the oligosaccharide-binding (OB) ring, close to Rpn1, whereas the active site of USP14 is located in the axial channel of the OB ring."

reach
"Regarding the structure of proteasome bound to USP14, the USP14-Uba1 complex binds to the periphery of the oligosaccharide-binding (OB) ring, close to Rpn1, whereas the active site of USP14 is located in the axial channel of the OB ring."
USP14 affects TP53
| 1 1
| 1 1

sparser
"Co-IP experiments demonstrated the interaction between USP14 and p53, and the induced effect of a USP14 inhibitor (IU1) on p53 ubiquitination, which indicated that USP14 is a potential deubiquitinase for p53."

reach
"Co-IP experiments demonstrated the interaction between USP14 and p53, and the induced effect of a USP14 inhibitor (IU1) on p53 ubiquitination, which indicated that USP14 is a potential deubiquitinase for p53."
USP14 affects TBA
| 2
| 2

sparser
"It has been shown that in the presence of alkali metals [ xref , xref , xref ], TBA forms an antiparallel intramolecular quadruplex consisting of two G-quartets connected by two TT loops and one TGT loop."

sparser
"In the 1:2 TBA-metal complex, the second potassium ion binds at the TGT loop of TBA, which is in line with the antiparallel G-quadruplex structure of TBA."
USP14 affects TAFAZZIN
| 2

sparser
"A self-amplifying USP14-TAZ loop drives the progression and liver metastasis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma."

sparser
"Overall, our data strongly suggested that the self-amplifying USP14-TAZ loop was a previously unrecognized mechanism causing upregulated TAZ expression, and identified USP14 as a viable therapeutic target in PDAC."
USP14 affects SPAG5
| 1 1
| 1 1

reach
"Co‐IP assay demonstrated that in HG‐treated HPCs, SPAG5 was enriched in the precipitated products of anti‐USP14, and silencing SPAG5‐AS1 reduced such enrichment, with the input level of SPAG5 reduced and input level of USP14 unchanged (Figure 6D), indicating that SPAG5‐AS1 mediated the binding of USP14 to SPAG5."

sparser
"Co‐IP assay demonstrated that in HG‐treated HPCs, SPAG5 was enriched in the precipitated products of anti‐USP14, and silencing SPAG5‐AS1 reduced such enrichment, with the input level of SPAG5 reduced and input level of USP14 unchanged (Figure xref D), indicating that SPAG5‐AS1 mediated the binding of USP14 to SPAG5."
USP14 affects SKP2
| 2
| 2

reach
"GST-pulldown and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) assays have been applied to investigate the interactions between USP14, UCHL5, and Skp2."

reach
"We found that SKP2 interacted with USP10, USP13, UCHL5, USP14, and USP7 in KBM5-T315I cells."
USP14 affects RHOA
| 2
| 2

sparser
"Four haplotypes were found to have estimated frequencies greater than 10%; the wildtype, H1:CGC (51.3%) and three variant haplotypes H9:CGT (18.1%), H2:CAC (15.4%) and H12:TGT (13.8%)."

sparser
"Four ABCC2 haplotypes with estimated frequencies greater than 10% were identified (H1:CGC (Wild-Type); H9:CGT; H2:CAC; H12:TGT)."
USP14 affects RELA
| 1
| 1

sparser
"Interestingly, we found that USP14 was associated with RelA, a binding partner of I-κB, suggesting that RelA is the linker between USP14 and I-κB. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment induced serine phosphorylation of USP14 as well as further reducing I-κB levels in HA-USP14-overexpressed MLE12 cells as compared with empty vector transfected cells."
USP14 affects Q modification
| 2
USP14 activates Q modification. 2 / 2
| 2

eidos
"This relative evolutionary instability of QueG 24 corroborates a recent report suggesting that Tgt alone may be enough to generate the Q 25 modification ( Zallot , Yuan , & de Cr e cy-Lagard , 2017 ) ."
| DOI

eidos
"The relative evolutionary instability of QueG corroborates a recent report suggesting that in some bacteria , Tgt alone may be enough to generate the Q modification ( Zallot , Yuan , et al. 2017 ) ."

reach
"Overexpression of USP14, which is a novel regulator of AR (Figure 5), accelerates the proliferation of PC cells through the deubiquitination and inhibition of the degradation of AR in androgen-responsive PC cells."

reach
"However, inhibition of USP14 rescues the DDR defects in autophagy-deficient PC cells (Sharma et al., 2018)."
USP14 affects PSMD11
2 |
2 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
USP14 affects PSMD1
2 |
2 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
USP14 affects PSMC4
2 |
2 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
USP14 affects PSMC1
2 |
2 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
USP14 affects PI3K
| 2
USP14 deubiquitinates PI3K. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Mechanistically, USP14 deubiquitinates and activates PI3K/AKT in HCC cells."

reach
"In addition, USP14 was observed to upregulate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling mediated by cleaving K63-linked polyubiquitin chains (Table 2, Figure 6) (Jung et al., 2013) (Huang et al., 2015), and promote the proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells by deubiquitinating and activating PI3K (Table 2) (Wright et al., 2019; Zhang Y. et al., 2020)."
USP14 affects NHK
| 2
USP14 activates NHK. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"In contrast, overexpression of USP14 with IRE1alpha KN strongly inhibited the degradation of NHK, and USP14 CA was also found to have the inhibitory effect on ERAD in the IRE1alpha KN -cotransfected c[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"

reach
"Moreover, overexpression of USP14 with IRE1alpha, which is not able to capture USP14, did not inhibit the degradation of NHK."
USP14 affects MYC
| 2
USP14 decreases the amount of MYC. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Our study showed that downregulation of USP14 decreased the protein expression levels of beta-catenin, cyclin D1, and c-Myc in ESCC cells."

reach
"Mechanically, downregulation of USP14 decreased the protein expression levels of beta-catenin, cyclin D1, and c-Myc in ESCC cells."
USP14 affects MAPK
| 2
USP14 decreases the amount of MAPK.
| 1
USP14 decreases the amount of MAPK. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"This finding may explain why inhibition of USP14 only by IU1 did not increase the phosphorylation levels of p-38 MAPK."
USP14 activates MAPK.
| 1
USP14 activates MAPK. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Our study suggests that elevated expression of USP14 promotes MAPK/JNK signaling by stabilizing JNK, which in turn augments colorectal carcinogenesis, indicating a potential therapeutic target for colorectal cancer patients with increased USP14 expression."
USP14 affects MACF1
| 1 1
| 1 1

sparser
"Our findings show that there was an interaction between USP14 and Acf7."

reach
"Our findings show that there was an interaction between USP14 and Acf7."
USP14 affects KN
| 2
USP14 binds KN. 2 / 2
| 2

sparser
"The catalytically inactive form of USP14 (USP14 CA ; Fig. 1 B) also interacted with IRE1α KN ( Fig. 1 C, lane 6)."

sparser
"Although wild-type IRE1α, which was autophosphorylated by its overexpression, did not interact with USP14 ( Fig. 1 C, lane 2), IRE1α KN clearly interacted with USP14 ( Fig. 1 C, top panel, lane 3)."
USP14 affects K48-
| 2
USP14 inhibits K48-. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"In the present study, we provided the evidence that both K48- and K63-linked polyubiquitination on HIF1-α were significantly reduced by overexpression of USP14, suggesting that USP14 is involved in the maintenance of HIF1-α stability by triggering K48- and K63-linked deubiquitination on HIF1-α via its deubiquitination activity."

reach
"Our results demonstrated that K48- and K63- linked ubiquitination on HIF1-α were substantially decreased by the overexpression of USP14 (Fig. 3F)."
USP14 affects JNK
| 2
USP14 activates JNK. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"USP14 promotes colorectal cancer progression by targeting JNK for stabilization."

reach
"Our study suggests that elevated expression of USP14 promotes MAPK/JNK signaling by stabilizing JNK, which in turn augments colorectal carcinogenesis, indicating a potential therapeutic target for colorectal cancer patients with increased USP14 expression."
USP14 affects ISG15
| 2
| 2

sparser
"As further evidence for a physiological role of the interaction of USP14 with ISG15, we investigated whether the allosteric activation of USP14 also influences its reactivity toward ISG15VS."

sparser
"As further evidence for a physiological role of the interaction of USP14 with ISG15, we investigated whether the allosteric activation of USP14 also influences its reactivity toward ISG15VS. We examined labeling of USP14 with the ubiquitin- and the ISG15-based probes as a function of the concentration of added purified proteasomes."
USP14 affects IL6
| 2
USP14 deubiquitinates IL6. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"IL-6 protein is deubiquitinated by USP14 and upregulated in LPS-treated GMECs, further promoting ferroptosis and inflammation through the NRF2 signaling pathway."

reach
"Further, ubiquitin experiment and co-immunoprecipitation assay showed that USP14 upregulated IL-6 protein expression by reducing the ubiquitination of IL-6, and overexpression of IL-6 reversed the inhibitory effect of USP14 shRNA on LPS-treated GMECs ferroptosis."
USP14 affects I-kappaB
| 2
USP14 inhibits I-kappaB. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Here, in contrast, overexpression of USP14 induced I-kappaB degradation, which increased cytokine release in lung epithelial cells."

reach
"Although USP14 usually plays an inhibitory role in protein degradation, overexpression of USP14 induced I-kappaB degradation by linking RelA, the binding partner of I-kappaB, leading to increased cytokine release in lung epithelial cells [XREF_BIBR]."
USP14 affects HGF
| 2
| 2

sparser
"Consistent with this possibility, Usp14-SF binds proteasomes, but is not activated enzymatically by proteasome binding, as shown by its inability to react with Ub-VS ( xref )."

sparser
"This result suggested that Usp14-SF might bind proteasomes and counter the action of full-length Usp14."
USP14 affects GSK3B
| 2
USP14 leads to the phosphorylation of GSK3B. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"In conclusion, USP14 mediates the development of cardiac hypertrophy by promoting GSK-3beta phosphorylation, suggesting that USP14 might represent a novel therapeutic target for cardiac hypertrophy treatment."

reach
"Similarly, USP14 knockdown significantly decreased beta-MHC expression and GSK-3beta phosphorylation after AngII treatment (P < 0.05)."
USP14 affects GABARAP
| 1 1
USP14 binds GABARAP.
| 1

sparser
"Overexpression of mutant USP14-W58A disrupted the interaction of USP14 with the 26S proteasome, while enhanced the binding of USP14 to the HSC70 chaperone and GABARAP autophagic protein ( xref )."
USP14 activates GABARAP.
| 1
USP14 activates GABARAP. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Striatal neurons expressing mutant huntingtin possess reduced USP14 levels, while USP14 overexpression increases GABARAP positive autophagosomes in striatal neurons [XREF_BIBR]."
USP14 affects G 0
| 2
USP14 inhibits G 0. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Inhibition of USP14 causes G 0 / G 1 arrest and apoptosis in breast cancer cells."

reach
"Additionally, both genetic and pharmacological inhibition of USP14 significantly suppressed cell proliferation in AR responsive breast cancer cells by blocking G 0 / G 1 to S phase transition and inducing apoptosis."
USP14 affects Flag
| 2
| 2

sparser
"Before that, we checked the interaction between USP14 and FASN when Flag-USP14 and His-FASN were cotransfected ( xref a)."
| PMC

sparser
"To identify the ubiquitination of FASN, we transfected LNCaP cells with His-FASN, HA-ubiquitin, and Flag-USP14 together."
| PMC
USP14 affects ESCC cell
| 2
USP14 activates ESCC cell. 2 / 2
| 2

eidos
"Downregulation of USP14 significantly inhibited ESCC cell proliferation and ESCC tumor growth in nude mice ."

eidos
"We also found that downregulation of USP14 significantly inhibited ESCC cell proliferation and ESCC tumor growth in nude mice ."
USP14 affects DDX58
1 | 1
USP14 deubiquitinates DDX58. 2 / 2
1 | 1

"n this study, we demonstrated USP14, a deubiquitinating enzyme, as a negative regulator in antiviral responses by directly deubiquitinating K63-linked RIG-I."

reach
"Furthermore, USP14 is a negative regulator in antiviral responses because it directly deubiquitinates K63-linked ubiquitin on retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I), which is a critical RNA virus sensor that initiates the antiviral immune response (31)."
USP14 affects Cyclin
| 2
USP14 activates Cyclin. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Similarly, addition of an inhibitor of USP14, IU1, failed to accelerate degradation of cyclin B1 in Xenopus extracts (XREF_SUPPLEMENTARY)."

reach
"The resulting conjugates were incubated with purified human proteasomes that were washed with high salt to eliminate USP14, a deubiquitinating enzyme that can antagonize cyclin B1 degradation in vitro XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR."
USP14 affects Caspase
| 2
| 2

reach
"Inhibition of USP14 and UCHL5 activates caspase and triggers apoptosis of ER + BCa cells."

reach
"However, multi‐center‐based investigation is needed for further validation of its predictive value.It has been shown that silencing of USP14 could block the cell cycle progression and elicit caspase‐dependent apoptosis in MM cells.13 Also, inhibition of USP14 led to G0/G1 arrest by accelerating the ubiquitination and degradation of AR in prostate cancer cells."
| 2

reach
"USP14 ablation reduces cancer cell proliferation in vitro and colorectal tumorigenesis in vivo by downregulating MAPK/JNK pathway activation."

reach
"Notably, USP14 negatively regulates lung tumorigenesis via both the apoptotic and autophagic pathways (Han et al., 2019)."
USP14 affects CXCL8
| 2
USP14 inhibits CXCL8. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Thus, TgT by itself reduced IL-8 and MIP-1beta production by adult cells, and RANTES and MIP-1beta by neonatal neutrophils."

reach
"For example, TgT stimulated apoptosis and inhibited IL-8 production in adult, but not neonatal cells."
USP14 affects CXCL12
| 2
| 2

sparser
"Receptor deubiquitination is paralleled by CXCL12-dependent association of USP14 with CXCR4, an interaction that occurs, at least in part, via the C terminus of the receptor."

sparser
"This co-localization was more readily detected at 5 min when compared with a 60-min exposure to CXCL12, which is also consistent with the time course for CXCL12-induced association of CXCR4 with USP14 described in xref ."
USP14 affects CLP-induced sepsis
| 2
USP14 inhibits CLP-induced sepsis. 2 / 2
| 2

eidos
"Therefore , this study has demonstrated that typically inhibiting USP14 promotes autophagy in M1-like macrophages and alleviates CLP-induced sepsis ."

eidos
"Typically inhibiting USP14 promotes autophagy in M1-like macrophages and alleviates CLP-induced sepsis ."
USP14 affects BRCC3
| 2
| 2

reach
"The TRIM14-USP14-BRCC3 complex epigenetically regulates inflammation through inhibiting OPTN-mediated autophagic degradation of KDM4D."

reach
"The TRIM14-USP14-BRCC3 complex epigenetically regulates inflammation through inhibiting OPTN-mediated autophagic degradation of KDM4D."
USP14 affects BLNK
| 2
USP14 inhibits BLNK. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"USP14 and UCHL5 inhibitors induce accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins and endoplasmic reticulum stress response in ER + BCa."

reach
"Inhibition of USP14 and UCHL5 activates caspase and triggers apoptosis of ER + BCa cells."
USP14 affects BL2
| 2
USP14 binds rplA and BL2. 2 / 2
| 2

sparser
"In the UbAl-bound form of Usp14, BL1 and BL2 are displaced, allowing the ubiquitin C-terminus access to the binding groove [ xref ]."

sparser
"In the UbAl-bound form of Usp14, BL1 and BL2 are displaced, allowing the ubiquitin C-terminus access to the binding groove [71] ."
USP14 affects ATPase
| 2
USP14 activates ATPase. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"A series of studies have demonstrated that Ubp6 and USP14 enhances the ATPase activity of proteasome and opens the 20S gate upon treatment with ubiquitin, ubiquitin protein conjugate or active site directed probes, such as ubiquitin aldehyde (Ubal) or ubiquitin vinyl sulfone (UbVS) (XREF_FIG A, right bottom panel) [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."

reach
"Usp14 and Ubp6 can enhance the ATPase activity of the proteasome and partially open the CP gate [52,56-58]."
USP14 affects AR-FL
| 2
USP14 binds AR-FL. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Immunofluorescence and western blot experiments showed that these molecular events mainly occurred in the nucleus.We also confirmed that nobiletin can significantly decrease the interactions between AR-V7 and USP14/USP22 in a time and concentration-dependent manner, but did not affect the interactions between AR-FL and USP14/USP22, which may explain why nobiletin exhibits a certain selectivity in inducing the degradation of AR-V7."

reach
"However, it is worth noting that nobiletin had no effect on the interactions between AR-FL and USP14/USP22, which may explain why nobiletin has a certain selectivity in inducing the degradation of AR-V7.Our previous study has been demonstrated that rutaecarpinecan selectively trigger the GRP78-dependent AR-V7 degradation [23]."
USP14 affects ADRM1
1 | 1
1 | 1

reach
"Interestingly, USP14 and UCH37 bind to RPN1 and to RPN13, respectively, which are, in addition to the RPN10, substrate receptors of the 19S regulatory particle [67], which provide a versatile binding platform for various ubiquitin chains [68]."

No evidence text available
UPS inhibitor affects USP14
| 2
UPS inhibitor inhibits USP14. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Notwithstanding this success, the potency of pimozide (IC 50~2 μM) is lower than those of clinically approved UPS inhibitor 26S proteasome inhibitor Bortezomib (IC 50~1 00 nM) ( Fig. 1 and Table 2 ), and another UPS inhibitor VLX1570, which inhibited the DUBs UCHL5 and USP14 (IC 50~1 00 nM) and was previously studied in clinical trials but terminated due to limiting toxicities (study identifier NCT02372240) (ClinicalTrials.gov, 2018; Wang et al., 2016) ."

reach
"Notwithstanding this success, the potency of pimozide (IC 50 ~ 2muM) is lower than those of clinically approved UPS inhibitor 26S proteasome inhibitor Bortezomib (IC 50 ~ 100nM) (XREF_FIG and XREF_TABLE), and another UPS inhibitor VLX1570, which inhibited the DUBs UCHL5 and USP14 (IC 50 ~ 100nM) and was previously studied in clinical trials but terminated due to limiting toxicities (study identifier NCT02372240)."
UGT8 affects USP14
| 2
| 2

sparser
"In other words, the recombination between the CGT-and TGT-types occurred in the AH population."

sparser
"However, the detection of only the CGT-type from AH samples and recombination tracts in AH sequences showed that the CGT-and TGT-types, exhibiting the two highest promoter activities, were common in AH populations."
UBL affects USP14
| 2
USP14 binds TRIM11 and UBL. 2 / 2
| 2

sparser
"The most dramatic regulation of USP14 described to date is post-translational and involves the protein TRIM11, which binds the N-terminal ubiquitin-like domain of USP14 in competition with the proteasome ( xref )."

sparser
"TRIM11 interacts with the UBL domain of USP14 and may physically block its access to the RP."
UBE2N affects USP14
1 |
1 |

No evidence text available
UBA1 affects USP14
| 1 1
| 1 1

sparser
"Regarding the structure of proteasome bound to USP14, the USP14-Uba1 complex binds to the periphery of the oligosaccharide-binding (OB) ring, close to Rpn1, whereas the active site of USP14 is located in the axial channel of the OB ring."

reach
"Regarding the structure of proteasome bound to USP14, the USP14-Uba1 complex binds to the periphery of the oligosaccharide-binding (OB) ring, close to Rpn1, whereas the active site of USP14 is located in the axial channel of the OB ring."
TRIM14 affects BRCC3
| 2
| 2

reach
"The TRIM14-USP14-BRCC3 complex epigenetically regulates inflammation through inhibiting OPTN-mediated autophagic degradation of KDM4D."

reach
"The TRIM14-USP14-BRCC3 complex epigenetically regulates inflammation through inhibiting OPTN-mediated autophagic degradation of KDM4D."
TRIM11 affects UBL, and USP14
| 2
USP14 binds TRIM11 and UBL. 2 / 2
| 2

sparser
"The most dramatic regulation of USP14 described to date is post-translational and involves the protein TRIM11, which binds the N-terminal ubiquitin-like domain of USP14 in competition with the proteasome ( xref )."

sparser
"TRIM11 interacts with the UBL domain of USP14 and may physically block its access to the RP."
TP53 affects USP14
| 1 1
| 1 1

sparser
"Co-IP experiments demonstrated the interaction between USP14 and p53, and the induced effect of a USP14 inhibitor (IU1) on p53 ubiquitination, which indicated that USP14 is a potential deubiquitinase for p53."

reach
"Co-IP experiments demonstrated the interaction between USP14 and p53, and the induced effect of a USP14 inhibitor (IU1) on p53 ubiquitination, which indicated that USP14 is a potential deubiquitinase for p53."
TBA affects USP14
| 2
| 2

sparser
"It has been shown that in the presence of alkali metals [ xref , xref , xref ], TBA forms an antiparallel intramolecular quadruplex consisting of two G-quartets connected by two TT loops and one TGT loop."

sparser
"In the 1:2 TBA-metal complex, the second potassium ion binds at the TGT loop of TBA, which is in line with the antiparallel G-quadruplex structure of TBA."
TAFAZZIN affects USP14
| 2

sparser
"A self-amplifying USP14-TAZ loop drives the progression and liver metastasis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma."

sparser
"Overall, our data strongly suggested that the self-amplifying USP14-TAZ loop was a previously unrecognized mechanism causing upregulated TAZ expression, and identified USP14 as a viable therapeutic target in PDAC."
ST3GAL4 affects USP14
| 2
ST3GAL4 activates USP14. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"To determine whether the role of USP14 is dependent on insulin, C57BL/6 were treated with streptozotocin (STZ), which induced insulin deficiency due to the selective pancreatic beta-cell toxicity."

reach
"To determine whether the role of USP14 is dependent on insulin, C57BL/6 were treated with streptozotocin (STZ, 240mg/kg)."
SRC affects USP14
| 2
SRC activates USP14. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Thus, the interneuron limits the overall excitation and possibility of Src triggering an action potential in Tgt."

reach
"From these simulations, we observed that the inhibition from the Int neurons limited summation of the two Src signals in Tgt (XREF_FIG)."
SKP2 affects USP14
| 2
| 2

reach
"GST-pulldown and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) assays have been applied to investigate the interactions between USP14, UCHL5, and Skp2."

reach
"We found that SKP2 interacted with USP10, USP13, UCHL5, USP14, and USP7 in KBM5-T315I cells."
RHOA affects USP14
| 2
| 2

sparser
"Four haplotypes were found to have estimated frequencies greater than 10%; the wildtype, H1:CGC (51.3%) and three variant haplotypes H9:CGT (18.1%), H2:CAC (15.4%) and H12:TGT (13.8%)."

sparser
"Four ABCC2 haplotypes with estimated frequencies greater than 10% were identified (H1:CGC (Wild-Type); H9:CGT; H2:CAC; H12:TGT)."
RELA affects USP14
| 1
| 1

sparser
"Interestingly, we found that USP14 was associated with RelA, a binding partner of I-κB, suggesting that RelA is the linker between USP14 and I-κB. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment induced serine phosphorylation of USP14 as well as further reducing I-κB levels in HA-USP14-overexpressed MLE12 cells as compared with empty vector transfected cells."
PSMD11 affects USP14
2 |
2 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
PSMD1 affects USP14
2 |
2 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
PSMC4 affects USP14
2 |
2 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
PSMC1 affects USP14
2 |
2 |

No evidence text available

No evidence text available
PARP1 affects USP14
| 1 1
| 1 1

reach
"Moreover, Co-IP assay was utilized for detection of the interaction between USP14 and PARP-1."

sparser
"Moreover, Co-IP assay was utilized for detection of the interaction between USP14 and PARP-1."
NFE2L2 affects USP14
1 | 1
NFE2L2 increases the amount of USP14.
| 1
NFE2L2 increases the amount of USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Furthermore, activated NRF2 was found to increase USP14 expression in ovarian cancer (OV) cells."
NFE2L2 decreases the amount of USP14.
1 |
NFE2L2 decreases the amount of USP14. 1 / 1
1 |

No evidence text available
MACF1 affects USP14
| 1 1
| 1 1

sparser
"Our findings show that there was an interaction between USP14 and Acf7."

reach
"Our findings show that there was an interaction between USP14 and Acf7."
KN affects USP14
| 2
USP14 binds KN. 2 / 2
| 2

sparser
"The catalytically inactive form of USP14 (USP14 CA ; Fig. 1 B) also interacted with IRE1α KN ( Fig. 1 C, lane 6)."

sparser
"Although wild-type IRE1α, which was autophosphorylated by its overexpression, did not interact with USP14 ( Fig. 1 C, lane 2), IRE1α KN clearly interacted with USP14 ( Fig. 1 C, top panel, lane 3)."
IU1-47 affects USP14
| 1 1
IU1-47 inhibits USP14. 2 / 2
| 1 1

reach
"Besides, the inhibition of USP14 by IU1-47 induced an increase of the autophagy flux, consistent with the increased degradation rate of Tau [XREF_BIBR]."

eidos
"Besides , the inhibition of USP14 by IU1-47 induced an increase of the autophagy flux , consistent with the increased degradation rate of Tau [ 175 ] ."
ISG15 affects USP14
| 2
| 2

sparser
"As further evidence for a physiological role of the interaction of USP14 with ISG15, we investigated whether the allosteric activation of USP14 also influences its reactivity toward ISG15VS."

sparser
"As further evidence for a physiological role of the interaction of USP14 with ISG15, we investigated whether the allosteric activation of USP14 also influences its reactivity toward ISG15VS. We examined labeling of USP14 with the ubiquitin- and the ISG15-based probes as a function of the concentration of added purified proteasomes."
HGF affects USP14
| 2
| 2

sparser
"Consistent with this possibility, Usp14-SF binds proteasomes, but is not activated enzymatically by proteasome binding, as shown by its inability to react with Ub-VS ( xref )."

sparser
"This result suggested that Usp14-SF might bind proteasomes and counter the action of full-length Usp14."
Flag affects USP14
| 2
| 2

sparser
"Before that, we checked the interaction between USP14 and FASN when Flag-USP14 and His-FASN were cotransfected ( xref a)."
| PMC

sparser
"To identify the ubiquitination of FASN, we transfected LNCaP cells with His-FASN, HA-ubiquitin, and Flag-USP14 together."
| PMC
| 2

reach
"WP1130 is a partially selective deubiquitinase (DUB) inhibitor that inhibits the deubiquitinating activities of USP9X, USP5, USP14, and UCHL5 (UCH37) [16]."

reach
"WP1130 is a partially selective deubiquitinase (DUB) inhibitor that inhibits the deubiquitinating activities of USP9X, USP5, USP14, and UCHL5 (UCH37) [16]."
CXCR4 affects CXCL12
| 2
| 2

sparser
"Receptor deubiquitination is paralleled by CXCL12-dependent association of USP14 with CXCR4, an interaction that occurs, at least in part, via the C terminus of the receptor."

sparser
"This co-localization was more readily detected at 5 min when compared with a 60-min exposure to CXCL12, which is also consistent with the time course for CXCL12-induced association of CXCR4 with USP14 described in xref ."
CTNNB1 affects USP14
| 1 1
| 1 1

sparser
"However, altered Usp14 levels were closely associated with β-catenin expression in colorectal cancer tissues ( P <0.0001) ( xref )."

reach
"Additionally, DUBs USP14, USP15, USP47, and Fam and USP9X have been reported to prevent beta-catenin turnover by inhibiting its Ub-proteasomal degradation, but the direct interaction between USP14 and beta-catenin is yet-to-be shown."
CCNB1 affects USP14
1 | 1
1 | 1

sparser
"A recent study further verified that USP14 can interact with cyclin B1, promoting its deubiquitination and stabilization."

No evidence text available
BRCC3 affects USP14
| 2
| 2

reach
"The TRIM14-USP14-BRCC3 complex epigenetically regulates inflammation through inhibiting OPTN-mediated autophagic degradation of KDM4D."

reach
"The TRIM14-USP14-BRCC3 complex epigenetically regulates inflammation through inhibiting OPTN-mediated autophagic degradation of KDM4D."
BL2 affects rplA
| 2
USP14 binds rplA and BL2. 2 / 2
| 2

sparser
"In the UbAl-bound form of Usp14, BL1 and BL2 are displaced, allowing the ubiquitin C-terminus access to the binding groove [ xref ]."

sparser
"In the UbAl-bound form of Usp14, BL1 and BL2 are displaced, allowing the ubiquitin C-terminus access to the binding groove [71] ."
AR-V7 affects USP14
| 2
USP14 binds AR-V7. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Immunofluorescence and western blot experiments showed that these molecular events mainly occurred in the nucleus.We also confirmed that nobiletin can significantly decrease the interactions between AR-V7 and USP14/USP22 in a time and concentration-dependent manner, but did not affect the interactions between AR-FL and USP14/USP22, which may explain why nobiletin exhibits a certain selectivity in inducing the degradation of AR-V7."

reach
"Unlike rutaecarpine, nobiletin failed to alter the GRP78-mediated degradation of AR-V7.In conclusion, this research not only demonstrates the reason why nobiletin suppressed the growth process of CRPC through the selective degradation of AR-V7, but also enriches our understanding of the degradation mechanism of AR-V7 and provides an efficient treatment target to overcome CRPC via targeting the interaction between AR-V7 and USP14/USP22 (Fig. 7G)."
AR-FL affects USP14
| 2
USP14 binds AR-FL. 2 / 2
| 2

reach
"Immunofluorescence and western blot experiments showed that these molecular events mainly occurred in the nucleus.We also confirmed that nobiletin can significantly decrease the interactions between AR-V7 and USP14/USP22 in a time and concentration-dependent manner, but did not affect the interactions between AR-FL and USP14/USP22, which may explain why nobiletin exhibits a certain selectivity in inducing the degradation of AR-V7."

reach
"However, it is worth noting that nobiletin had no effect on the interactions between AR-FL and USP14/USP22, which may explain why nobiletin has a certain selectivity in inducing the degradation of AR-V7.Our previous study has been demonstrated that rutaecarpinecan selectively trigger the GRP78-dependent AR-V7 degradation [23]."
ADRM1 affects USP14
1 | 1
1 | 1

reach
"Interestingly, USP14 and UCH37 bind to RPN1 and to RPN13, respectively, which are, in addition to the RPN10, substrate receptors of the 19S regulatory particle [67], which provide a versatile binding platform for various ubiquitin chains [68]."

No evidence text available
Μ affects USP14
| 1
Μ inhibits USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Pyrrole-based IU1 (3.37, Figure 3.5) is a selective, low μM inhibitor of USP14."
| PMC

reach
"Tgt binds RNAP in the vicinity of the catalytic site XREF_BIBR and stabilizes the TL in its folded (closed) state."

reach
"USP14 bound to the TAMRA-labeled mUb (USP14-m) or diUb probe (USP14-d) is indicated."
Sustained ER stress affects USP14
| 1
Sustained ER stress activates USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"Studies have shown that sustained ER stress upregulates USP14 from the transcription level through ATF4 , thus improving the stability and level of CREB-binding protein CBP , enhancing the role of glucagon and hepatic gluconeogenesis ."
1 |
Schizandrin B increases the amount of USP14. 1 / 1
1 |

No evidence text available
Radio OR calculated affects USP14
| 1
Radio OR calculated activates USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"Of the eleven potential biomarkers , USP14 was chosen , partly due to its higher odds radio ( OR ) calculated after multivariate logistic regression analysis ( Table 9 ) ."
Proteolysis affects USP14
| 1
| 1

reach
"In a recent study by Kim et al. [216], proteasome-mediated proteolysis was increased by knocking down USP14 with small interfering RNA (siRNA) which led to a significant impairment of autophagic flux."
| PMC
Poly-Ub chains affects USP14
| 1
USP14 binds poly-Ub chains. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Not all functions of USP14 at the proteasome depend on its catalytic activity : binding of USP14 to poly-Ub chains and unfolded peptides results in opening of the gates of the 20S proteasome and stimulation of the ATPase activity of the proteasome."
PkbA affects USP14
| 1
Modified pkbA leads to the phosphorylation of USP14 on S432. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Expression of Myr-Akt also led to S432 phosphorylation of endogenous USP14 (XREF_FIG)."
1 |
Phenobarbital increases the amount of USP14. 1 / 1
1 |

No evidence text available
Novel USP14-binding RNA aptamers affects USP14
| 1
Novel USP14-binding RNA aptamers inhibits USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"To overcome the limitation of small-molecule USP14 inhibitors , we identified three novel USP14-binding RNA aptamers that suppressed the deubiquitinating activity of USP14 in vitro ."
MiR-520a-3p affects USP14
| 1
USP14 binds miR-520a-3p. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"The binding between miR-520a-3p and circ_DYNC1H1 or USP14 was confirmed by the dual-luciferase reporter assay."
MiR-326 affects USP14
| 1
MiR-326 inhibits USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"To additionally validate that miR-326 more strongly represses the Tgt versus the Wt target site sequence, we created two Cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter driven constructs that contain three copies of either the Wt or the Tgt target positioned downstream of a luciferase reporter (XREF_FIG A)."
MiR-320a affects USP14
| 1
MiR-320a activates USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"USP14 de-ubiquitinates vimentin and miR-320a modulates USP14 and vimentin to contribute to malignancy in gastric cancer cells."
Leflunomide affects USP14
1 |
Leflunomide increases the amount of USP14. 1 / 1
1 |

No evidence text available
1 |
Hsa-miR-6787-3p decreases the amount of USP14. 1 / 1
1 |

No evidence text available
1 |
Hsa-miR-6738-3p decreases the amount of USP14. 1 / 1
1 |

No evidence text available
Holoenzyme affects USP14
| 1
USP14 binds holoenzyme. 1 / 1
| 1

sparser
"Combining this with the fact that UBLCP1 is involved in proteasome assembly while USP14 binds to proteasome holoenzyme to remove the ubiquitin chain [ xref , xref ], we speculate that UBLCP1 and USP14 bind to the proteasome at different time windows."
HQTRT1 affects USP14
| 1
USP14 binds hQTRT1. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"We have not been able to observe co-purification and/or association between hQTRT1 and USP14 when co-expressed in Escherichia coli."
Copper(II) sulfate increases the amount of USP14. 1 / 1
1 |

No evidence text available
Bacterial RNAP apoenzyme affects USP14
| 1
USP14 binds bacterial RNAP apoenzyme. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"A crystallographic structure of Tgt bound to bacterial RNAP apoenzyme shows that Tgt binds near the active site but does not explain why Tgt acts only at certain sites."
BAP15 affects USP14
| 1
BAP15 inhibits USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"In contrast to 20S proteasome inhibitors, bAP15 blocks the deubiquitylating activity of both USP14 and UCHL5 to induce strong anti-tumor activity without affecting proteolytic activities of the 20S proteasome [25, 26, 28, 29]."
Ax J mutation affects USP14
| 1
Ax J mutation inhibits USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"The ax J mutation results from the insertion of an intracisternal-A particle into intron 5 of Usp14, leading to ~ 95% lower levels of USP14 protein in the brain of homozygous mice."
Alpha-subunit affects USP14
| 1
USP14 binds alpha-subunit. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"AML-1 belongs to the CBF family of transcription factors, whose members are heterodimers consisting of a alpha-subunit (CBF alpha), which binds to the DNA consensus sequence TGT and CGGT, and a beta-subunit (CBF beta) that enhances the DNA binding affinity through alpha-subunit rather than binding to DNA directly [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."
XKB affects USP14
| 1
XKB activates USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"XREF_BIBR In our study, we predicted that XKB might target ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 7 and 14 (USP7 and USP14), which play important roles in protein degradation."
WDR12 affects USP14
1 |
1 |

No evidence text available
VLX 1570 affects USP14
| 1
VLX 1570 activates USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"For example, we have defined the functional role of DUBs USP7 and USP14 and UCHL5 and ubiquitin receptor Rpn13 in MM, shown that targeted inhibitors can overcome PI resistance, and translated these studies to a clinical trial of b-AP15 and VLX 1570 targeting USP14 and UCHL5 in MM."
Ubiquitin affects CSH1
| 1
| 1

sparser
"Here, we compare the structure of the PL pro -Ub complex with those of the USP2-Ub (PDB entry 2hd5; Renatus et al., 2006) , USP14-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 2ayo; Hu et al., 2005) and HAUSP-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 1nbf; Hu et al., 2002) complexes ( Supplementary Fig. S6 )."
UbVS affects USP14
| 1
USP14 binds UbVS. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Incubation of ZnPT at 5muM with 26S proteasomes substantially reduced UbVS binding to UCHL5 and abolished UbVS binding to USP14, and when ZnPt is increased to 50muM, UbVS binding to both UCHL5 and USP14 was abolished."
USP9X affects USP14
| 1
| 1

sparser
"GAPDH was used as the endogenous control using the primers forward-5′-AGG GCT GCT TTT AAC TCT GGT AA-3′, reverse-5′- CAT GGG TGG AAT CAT ATT GGA AC-3′ and probe FAM-TGT TGC CAT CAA TGA CCC CTT CAT TG-TAMRA."
USP7 affects CSH1
| 1
| 1

sparser
"Here, we compare the structure of the PL pro -Ub complex with those of the USP2-Ub (PDB entry 2hd5; Renatus et al., 2006) , USP14-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 2ayo; Hu et al., 2005) and HAUSP-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 1nbf; Hu et al., 2002) complexes ( Supplementary Fig. S6 )."
USP14 affects ubiquitinated
| 1
USP14 inhibits ubiquitinated-S5A. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Treating cells with IU1, a Usp14 specific inhibitor, causes only mild accumulation of ubiquitinated S5a and Adrm1 on the 26S proteasome."
USP14 affects ubiquitin-protein conjugates
| 1
USP14 inhibits ubiquitin-protein conjugates. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"Moreover , USP14 can inhibit the degradation of ubiquitin-protein conjugates in vitro and in vivo ( 187 ) ."
USP14 affects turnover
| 1
USP14 inhibits turnover. 1 / 1
| 1

sparser
"Usp14 inhibits protein turnover in cells."
USP14 affects tumorigenicity mice
| 1
USP14 activates tumorigenicity mice. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"Deubiquitinating Enzymes In vitro assays demonstrated that USP14 knockdown decreased proliferation , migration , and invasion of ESCC cells and also reduced tumorigenicity in mice ."

reach
"Tgt binds RNAP in the vicinity of the catalytic site XREF_BIBR and stabilizes the TL in its folded (closed) state."

reach
"USP14 bound to the TAMRA-labeled mUb (USP14-m) or diUb probe (USP14-d) is indicated."
USP14 affects tau-and paraquat-induced cytotoxicity
| 1
USP14 inhibits tau-and paraquat-induced cytotoxicity. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"In the current study , we observed that inhibiting USP14 with specific aptamers did not appear to alter proteasome levels , but alleviated tau-and paraquat-induced cytotoxicity ."
USP14 affects rescue substrates
| 1
USP14 activates rescue substrates. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"Thus , knockdown of USP14 may lead to impaired rescue of its substrates , which might be responsible for the cisplatin sensitization ."
USP14 affects prpC
| 1
USP14 decreases the amount of prpC. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Moreover, overexpression of catalytically dead USP14 reduces the levels of prion aggregates in PrPC-overexpressing Neuro2a mouse neuroblastoma cells (Homma et al. 2015)."
USP14 affects proteasome substrates
| 1
USP14 activates proteasome substrates. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"We also tested the effect of USP14 inhibition on proteome stability using the specific inhibitor IU1-47 ( Boselli et al ., 2017 ) alone or in combination with XL-188 , since USP14 inactivation promotes degradation of some proteasome substrates in vitro and in human cells ( Lee et al ., 2010 ) ."
USP14 affects proteasome protein turnover cells9
| 1
USP14 inhibits proteasome protein turnover cells9. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"Previous studies reported that USP14 can inhibit the proteasome and protein turnover in cells9 ,10 ."
USP14 affects proteasome function
| 1
USP14 activates proteasome function. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"Recently , many USP14 inhibitors , such as b-AP15 ( 36 ) , RA-9 ( 47 ) , and AC17 ( 48 ) , have been found to inhibit proteasome function by blocking DUB activity ."
| 1

reach
"USP14 knockdown by siRNA or USP14 loss (Usp14 axJ mouse) failed to prevent the deleterious effects of PGJ2."
USP14 affects preQ 0
| 1
USP14 inhibits preQ 0. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"In bacteria, preQ 0 is first reduced to 7-aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine (preQ 1) by QueF (EC 1.7.1.13) before insertion in substrate tRNAs by a bacterial type TGT (bTGT, EC 2.4.2.29) encoded by the tgt gene (XREF_FIG)."
USP14 affects poly-Ub chains
| 1
USP14 binds poly-Ub chains. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Not all functions of USP14 at the proteasome depend on its catalytic activity : binding of USP14 to poly-Ub chains and unfolded peptides results in opening of the gates of the 20S proteasome and stimulation of the ATPase activity of the proteasome."
USP14 affects peptidase
| 1
| 1

reach
"Likewise, recombinant USP14 inhibited proteasomal peptidase activity in cell lysates, but this effect was counteracted by recombinant TRIM11."
USP14 affects p-Akt T308 S473 p-ERK T202 Y204 MKN45 KATO cells
| 1
USP14 activates p-Akt T308 S473 p-ERK T202 Y204 MKN45 KATO cells. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"A , Blocking USP14 expression significantly reduced p-Akt ( T308 / S473 ) and p-ERK ( T202 / Y204 ) in MKN45 and KATO III cells ."
USP14 affects migration EC109 Fig. 3A TE10 cells
| 1
USP14 activates migration EC109 Fig. 3A TE10 cells. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"The Transwell assay demonstrated that downregulation of USP14 significantly inhibited the migration of EC109 ( Fig. 3A ) and TE10 cells ( Fig. 3B ) ."
USP14 affects miR-520a-3p
| 1
USP14 binds miR-520a-3p. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"The binding between miR-520a-3p and circ_DYNC1H1 or USP14 was confirmed by the dual-luciferase reporter assay."
USP14 affects melanoma cells independent mutational cell
| 1
USP14 inhibits melanoma cells independent mutational cell. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"Increased activity of USP14 , a proteasome-associated DUB , was observed in melanoma cells and in melanoma patients compared to normal skin and nevi b-AP15 , a selective USP14 inhibitor ; the USP14 reduced proliferation of melanoma cells independent of the mutational cell status ."
| PMC
USP14 affects inflammatory responses trophoblast cells
| 1
USP14 inhibits inflammatory responses trophoblast cells. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"Inhibiting USP14 ameliorates inflammatory responses in trophoblast cells by suppressing MAPK / NF-kappaB signaling INHIBITING USP14 AMELIORATES INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE ZHAO and ZONG Abstract Background Preeclampsia can cause severe consequences for pregnant women and infants , and developing effective medicine or methods to prevent or treat patients with preeclampsia is urgently needed ."
USP14 affects holoenzyme
| 1
USP14 binds holoenzyme. 1 / 1
| 1

sparser
"Combining this with the fact that UBLCP1 is involved in proteasome assembly while USP14 binds to proteasome holoenzyme to remove the ubiquitin chain [ xref , xref ], we speculate that UBLCP1 and USP14 bind to the proteasome at different time windows."
USP14 affects hQTRT1
| 1
USP14 binds hQTRT1. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"We have not been able to observe co-purification and/or association between hQTRT1 and USP14 when co-expressed in Escherichia coli."
| 1
| 1

reach
"The data that USP14 regulated AR-V7 in our study provided new insights in USP14 function, and it corresponds with the conclusion that inhibition of USP14 can enhance enzalutamide treatment in hormone sensitive cancer cells."
USP14 affects elucidated421
| 1
USP14 activates elucidated421. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Basal deubiquitinating activity of USP14 is strongly activated by proteasomes, although the subunit responsible for activation remains to be elucidated421."
USP14 affects deubiquitination Beclin1
| 1
USP14 activates deubiquitination Beclin1. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"Furthermore , USP14 , a DUB , was verified to induce deubiquitination of Beclin1 ( ref ."
USP14 affects cisplatin resistance
| 1
USP14 activates cisplatin resistance. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"Recently , researches have revealed USP14 enhances cisplatin resistance through affecting Akt / ERK signaling pathways and accelerates cell proliferation and migration in GC ( Fu et al ., 2018 ; Han K.H ."
| 1

reach
"The combination of enzalutamide, a nonsteroidal antiandrogen, with either knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of USP14 promotes arrest of cell cycle progression and induces apoptosis (Xia et al. 2019)."
USP14 affects cell anchorage-independence growth NB cells
| 1
USP14 activates cell anchorage-independence growth NB cells. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"USP14 knockdown inhibits cell anchorage-independence growth in NB cells The capability of anchorage-independent cancer cell growth correlates strongly with tumorigenicity and invasiveness ."
USP14 affects breast cancer cell
| 1
USP14 activates breast cancer cell. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"For example , Zhu et al. reported that expression of USP14 was increased in breast cancer tissues , and downregulation of USP14 significantly inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation and metastasis15 ."
USP14 affects beta-MHC
| 1
USP14 leads to the phosphorylation of beta-MHC. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Similarly, USP14 knockdown significantly decreased beta-MHC expression and GSK-3beta phosphorylation after AngII treatment (P < 0.05)."
USP14 affects base
| 1
USP14 activates base. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Q and G + are introduced into tRNA by the base replacement reaction, which is catalyzed by tRNA-guanine transglycosylases (TGT)."
USP14 affects bacterial RNAP apoenzyme
| 1
USP14 binds bacterial RNAP apoenzyme. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"A crystallographic structure of Tgt bound to bacterial RNAP apoenzyme shows that Tgt binds near the active site but does not explain why Tgt acts only at certain sites."
USP14 affects autophagy flux
| 1
USP14 inhibits autophagy flux. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"Besides , the inhibition of USP14 by IU1-47 induced an increase of the autophagy flux , consistent with the increased degradation rate of Tau [ 175 ] ."
USP14 affects autophagy ER stress-mediated A549 cells
| 1
USP14 inhibits autophagy ER stress-mediated A549 cells. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"In conclusion , the current investigation represents a new mechanism by which inhibition of USP14 triggers autophagy via ER stress-mediated UPR in A549 cells ."
USP14 affects apoptotic population flow cytometry
| 1
USP14 inhibits apoptotic population flow cytometry. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"However , in the presence of cisplatin , knockdown of USP14 elicited a remarkable increase of apoptotic population by flow cytometry , which was validated by the promoted PARP cleavage using western blot ( Figure 5D , E ) ."
USP14 affects alpha-subunit
| 1
USP14 binds alpha-subunit. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"AML-1 belongs to the CBF family of transcription factors, whose members are heterodimers consisting of a alpha-subunit (CBF alpha), which binds to the DNA consensus sequence TGT and CGGT, and a beta-subunit (CBF beta) that enhances the DNA binding affinity through alpha-subunit rather than binding to DNA directly [XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR, XREF_BIBR]."
USP14 affects accumulation ubiquitinated proteins
| 1
USP14 inhibits accumulation ubiquitinated proteins. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"USP14 inhibition causes accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins and induces unfolded protein response ( UPR ) in NB Previous studies showed that blockade of USP14 DUB activity increases intracellular ubiquitinated proteins in many cell types ( 36 , 37 ) ."
USP14 affects Yeasts
| 1
USP14 inhibits Yeasts. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"Similarly , UbVs were generated with high affinity for USP14 , which inhibited Ub signaling and cell survival in yeast [ 106 ] ."
USP14 affects WP1130
| 1
USP14 binds WP1130. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"In summary, these results demonstrated that WP1130 binds and inhibits USP14 in murine macrophages independent of virus infection."
USP14 affects WDR12
1 |
1 |

No evidence text available
USP14 affects VEGF
| 1
USP14 activates VEGF. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"In contrast, TgT stimulated VEGF production, but only in neonatal cells."
USP14 affects UbVS
| 1
USP14 binds UbVS. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Incubation of ZnPT at 5muM with 26S proteasomes substantially reduced UbVS binding to UCHL5 and abolished UbVS binding to USP14, and when ZnPt is increased to 50muM, UbVS binding to both UCHL5 and USP14 was abolished."
USP14 affects USP9X
| 1
| 1

sparser
"GAPDH was used as the endogenous control using the primers forward-5′-AGG GCT GCT TTT AAC TCT GGT AA-3′, reverse-5′- CAT GGG TGG AAT CAT ATT GGA AC-3′ and probe FAM-TGT TGC CAT CAA TGA CCC CTT CAT TG-TAMRA."
USP14 affects UBL3
| 1
| 1

sparser
"USP14 bound to the TAMRA-labeled mUb (USP14-m) or diUb probe (USP14-d) is indicated."
USP14 affects Ttr
| 1
| 1

sparser
"The GT 2 shows auxiliary H-bonding features, so that the TGT loop interacts with the upper triad and the two TT-loops form a tight H-bond bridge between T4 and T13."
USP14 affects TXNL1
1 |
1 |

No evidence text available
USP14 affects TRIM21
| 1
| 1

sparser
"Co-IP showed that USP14 did not interact with TRIM21 (Supplementary Fig.  xref )."
USP14 affects TOP
| 1
| 1

sparser
"Using the topo-TGT assay, first, topography-induced adhesion and morphology of cancerous and normal cells were compared with the pre-defined peak integrin tension."
USP14 affects TIMM8A
| 1
USP14 inhibits TIMM8A. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Silencing USP14 increased the tumor antagonistic action of DDP in A549 cisplatin-resistant (A549/DDP) cells, while USP14 overexpression decreased the antagonist effects."
USP14 affects TGT CGT
| 1
USP14 inhibits TGT CGT. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Then qPCR analyses were performed with QuFast SYBR Green PCR Master Mix (EQ001; ELK Biotechnology, Wuhan, China) and the following gene specific primers (44), forward 5′-AGG CAG TGT CTT AGC TGG TTG T-3′, reverse 5′-CTC AAC TGG TGT CGT GGA GTC-3′ for miR-34a-5p, and forward 5′-CTC GCT TCG GCA GCA CAT-3′, reverse 5′-AAC GCT TCA CGA ATT TGC GT-3′ for U6, on a StepOne™ Real-Time PCR system (Life technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA)."
USP14 affects Sepsis
| 1
USP14 inhibits Sepsis. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"Typically inhibiting USP14 promotes autophagy in M1-like macrophages and alleviates CLP-induced sepsis Macrophages , with diverse functions and variable phenotypes , are considered as an important executor of inflammatory diseases ."
USP14 affects SV
| 1
USP14 activates SV. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"Loss of Usp14 results in impaired short-term facilitation and reduced SV number , indicating the importance of a balanced ubiquitination to preserve presynaptic functions ( Walters et al ., 2014 ) ."
USP14 affects STIL
| 1
USP14 inhibits STIL. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Depletion of USP9X, but not USP14 or the other DUBs, decreased the centrosomal localization and protein levels of STIL (XREF_FIG; and Fig."
USP14 affects SRPRB
1 |
1 |

No evidence text available
USP14 affects SNAP23
| 1
USP14 decreases the amount of SNAP23. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Comparison of hippocampal extracts from wild type and ax mice demonstrated that loss of USP14 decreased expression of SNAP23 in the hippocampi of the ax mice without affecting the steady-state levels of the FASN, RELA, CTNNB1, EIF4A1, or UBE3A proteins (Figure 7a,b)."
USP14 affects RUNX-CBFbeta heterodimers
| 1
USP14 binds RUNX-CBFbeta heterodimers. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"RUNX-CBFbeta heterodimers bind to their consensus target sequence, TGT and CGGT, and either activate or repress the transcription of target genes."
USP14 affects RPT2
| 1
USP14 activates RPT2. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Perhaps in this active conformation, Usp14 and Ubp6 's C-terminus interacts with members of the ATPase ring to enable the C-termini of Rpt2 and/or Rpt5 to associate more tightly or for longer periods with the 20S 's intersubunit pockets."
USP14 affects RNF168
| 1
| 1

reach
"Additionally, USP14 directly interacted with RNF168, which depended on the MIU1 domain of RNF168."
USP14 affects RIG-I-triggered NF-kappaB activation
| 1
USP14 inhibits RIG-I-triggered NF-kappaB activation. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"Furthermore , USP14 was also found to inhibit the RIG-I-triggered NF-kappaB activation by deubiquitinating K63-linked RIG-I ."
USP14 affects PSMD6
1 |
1 |

No evidence text available
USP14 affects PSMA3
1 |
1 |

No evidence text available
USP14 affects PFAS
1 |
1 |

No evidence text available
USP14 affects PCAT6
| 1
USP14 binds PCAT6. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Moreover, PCAT6 bound USP14, a deubiquitinase, to induce the deubiquitination of VEGFR2."
USP14 affects OSCC
| 1
USP14 activates OSCC. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"There were no statistical differences in body weight among the three groups, but the size of xenograft tumors from USP14 knockdown HN6 cells were significantly smaller than those in the control group,[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
USP14 affects NTRK1
1 |
1 |

No evidence text available
USP14 affects NLRP3
| 1
USP14 leads to the ubiquitination of NLRP3. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"USP14 knockdown inhibits pyroptosis in AF cells by inducing ubiquitination of NLRP3, while overexpression of USP14 has the opposite effect, which is inhibited by the NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor INF39."
USP14 affects NDRG1
1 |
1 |

No evidence text available
| 1

reach
"USP14 and UCHL5 short interfering RNA knockdown decreases MM cell viability."
USP14 affects MFGE8
| 1
USP14 inhibits MFGE8. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"USP14 expression downregulated by CSE decreased MFG-E8 abundance and further reduced the antiferroptotic effect of MFG-E8."
USP14 affects MEE12
| 1
| 1

sparser
"Specific CEN -binding of CBF3 is mediated by a Cep3 subunit of one of the CBF3 protomers that forms major groove interactions with the conserved and essential CCG and TGT motifs of CDEIII."
USP14 affects LTP
| 1
USP14 activates LTP. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"These results indicate that Usp14 and Uch-L1 are dispensable for induction of LTP at CA3-CA1 hippocampal synapses."
USP14 affects K63-
| 1
USP14 inhibits K63-. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Our results demonstrated that K48- and K63- linked ubiquitination on HIF1-α were substantially decreased by the overexpression of USP14 (Fig. 3F)."
USP14 affects K63
| 1
Proteasome binds USP14 and K63. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Further study will be required to determine if proteasome bound USP14 can interact with K63 linked ubiquitin chains or, alternatively, whether USP14 's DUB activity can be stimulated by a novel binding partner, allowing it to be active when not bound to the proteasome."
USP14 affects JPT1
| 1
USP14 activates JPT1. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Combined inhibition of USP7 and USP14 caused the degradation of HN1, as observed with inhibition of USP7 alone, but also destabilized DBN1, KHLC1, and SVIL, a known USP7 target (XREF_FIG, bottom)."
| 1

eidos
"USP14 has also been demonstrated to influence NCOA4 and has been proven to improve ischemic stroke ( Hangauer et al ., 2017 ) ."
USP14 affects IkappaB protein
| 1
Modified USP14 decreases the amount of IkappaB protein. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"One study reported that overexpression of USP14 in lung epithelial cells can reduce IkappaB protein levels and increase cytokine release [XREF_BIBR]."
USP14 affects IKBKB
1 |
USP14 deubiquitinates IKBKB. 1 / 1
1 |

"This study suggests that USP14 removes the ubiquitin chain of I-κB, therefore inducing I-κB degradation and increasing cytokine release in lung epithelial cells."
USP14 affects IFNB1
| 1
USP14 activates IFNB1. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"These data suggest that USP14 deficiency elevates IFN-beta production and enhances the antiviral response exhibited by macrophages [XREF_BIBR]."
USP14 affects HTT
1 |
1 |

No evidence text available
USP14 affects H R-induced USP14 p-p65 proinflammatory cytokines potential USP14 preeclampsia
| 1
USP14 inhibits H R-induced USP14 p-p65 proinflammatory cytokines potential USP14 preeclampsia. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"H / R , hypoxia / reoxygenation ; mRNA , messenger RNA ; NF-kappaB , nuclear factor kappa B ; RT-qPCR , quantitative reverse transcription PCR ; TNF-alpha , tumor necrosis factor-alpha ; USP14 , Ubiquitin-specific proteases 14 Depletion of USP14 abrogated H / R-induced upregulation of USP14 , p-p65 , and proinflammatory cytokines To further study the potential role of USP14 in preeclampsia , we aimed to knockdown of USP14 in trophoblast cell lines ."
USP14 affects GS26575
| 1
| 1

reach
"Typically inhibiting USP14 promotes autophagy in M1 like macrophages and alleviates CLP induced sepsis."
USP14 affects GGT1
| 1
Mutated USP14 binds GGT1. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"We conclude from the DNA adduct and Ki-ras mutation studies that bay region diol-epoxide-2 '-deoxyguanosine PAH-DNA adducts are associated with the GGT --> TGT mutations, and cyclopenta ring oxide-2 '-deoxyguanosine adducts associated with the GGT --> CGT mutations."
USP14 affects FRT
| 1
USP14 activates FRT. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"The absence of TGT in estrus like mice also supports the FRT of diestrus like mice as the original site of systemic infection."
USP14 affects ESR1
| 1
USP14 increases the amount of ESR1. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"USP14 and UCHL5 inhibitors downregulate ERalpha and IGF-1R expression."
USP14 affects ER stress-mediated autophagy
| 1
USP14 inhibits ER stress-mediated autophagy. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"Inhibition of USP14 induces ER stress-mediated autophagy without apoptosis in lung cancer cell line A549 ."
USP14 affects EIF2AK3
| 1
USP14 activates EIF2AK3. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Moreover, USP14 inactivation stimulated EIF2AK3/PERK- and ERN1/IRE1-mediated signaling pathways, which were responsible for VP16 degradation through SQSTM1/p62-mediated selective macroautophagy/autophagy."
USP14 affects DNAJB1
| 1
USP14 inhibits DNAJB1. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"Indeed , USP14 inhibition by either sh-RNAs or b-AP15 resulted in induction of HSP70 and HSP40 in both NGP and SH-SY5Y cells ( Figs ."

reach
"However, inhibition of USP14 rescues the DDR defects in autophagy-deficient PC cells (Sharma et al., 2018)."
USP14 affects DNA Damage
| 1
| 1

reach
"Furthermore, DNA damage caused by IR was enhanced by USP14 knockdown, while been suppressed in OSCC cells with USP14 over-expression."
USP14 affects Crimmins et al., 2009
| 1
USP14 activates Crimmins et al., 2009. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Our previous studies showed that transgenic over-expression of either wild type or catalytically inactive USP14 in the nervous system of mice increases the level of proteasomal-bound USP14 (Crimmins et al., 2009; Vaden et al., 2015; Walters et al., 2014)."
USP14 affects CSH1
| 1
| 1

sparser
"Here, we compare the structure of the PL pro -Ub complex with those of the USP2-Ub (PDB entry 2hd5; Renatus et al., 2006) , USP14-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 2ayo; Hu et al., 2005) and HAUSP-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 1nbf; Hu et al., 2002) complexes ( Supplementary Fig. S6 )."
USP14 affects CLEC4D
| 1
USP14 inhibits CLEC4D. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Interference of USP14 suppressed MCL cell viability, potentiated cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and ibrutinib sensitivity."
USP14 affects CDK2
| 1
USP14 activates CDK2. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Our experiments showed that CDK4, CDK6, CDK2, cyclinD1 and phosphorylated Rb were downregulated, while p27 and p15 were increased, by inhibiting USP14 expression or its activity in androgen responsive prostate cancer cells; and conversely, the exactly opposite changes were induced by USP14 overexpression."
USP14 affects Activin
| 1
| 1

reach
"Transcription factor FAST-1 is a transcriptional regulator of TGF-beta signaling, because it exhibits TGF-beta and activin dependent DNA binding to the motif TGT (G/T) (T/G) ATT, which is present on t[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
USP14 affects 2c-biotin
| 1
USP14 binds 2c-biotin. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Figure XREF_FIG confirms that in vivo 2c-biotin binds with comparable intensity USP14 and UCH-L5."
USP14 aptamers affects USP14
| 1
USP14 aptamers inhibits USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"Potentially USP14 aptamers inhibit USP14 by preventing its docking on the proteasome ."
UBL3 affects USP14
| 1
| 1

sparser
"USP14 bound to the TAMRA-labeled mUb (USP14-m) or diUb probe (USP14-d) is indicated."
UBIQUITINATED PROTEINS affects USP14
| 1
UBIQUITINATED PROTEINS activates USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"UBIQUITINATED PROTEINS ACTIVATE THE PROTEASOME BY BINDING TO USP14 and UBP6 WHICH CAUSES 20S GATE OPENING."
Ttr affects USP14
| 1
| 1

sparser
"The GT 2 shows auxiliary H-bonding features, so that the TGT loop interacts with the upper triad and the two TT-loops form a tight H-bond bridge between T4 and T13."
TXNL1 affects USP14
1 |
1 |

No evidence text available
TRIM21 affects USP14
| 1
| 1

sparser
"Co-IP showed that USP14 did not interact with TRIM21 (Supplementary Fig.  xref )."
TRCN0000150850 affects USP14
| 1
TRCN0000150850 activates USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"diaph3 was infected by lentiviruses, respectively, containing the following plasmids : TRCN0000154182 that targets CCT TCG GAT TTA ACC TTA GCT, TRCN0000150850 that targets GCA TGA CAA GTT TGT GAC AAA, TRCN0000150903 that targets GCT CAG TGC TAT TCT CTT TAA, and TRCN0000151280 that targets CGT GTC AGA ATA GCT AAA GAA."
TOP affects USP14
| 1
| 1

sparser
"Using the topo-TGT assay, first, topography-induced adhesion and morphology of cancerous and normal cells were compared with the pre-defined peak integrin tension."
TNF affects USP14
| 1
TNF activates USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"Moreover , USP14 expression is induced by TNF-alpha , forming a feedback loop with JNK and leading to tumor amplification ."
SRPRB affects USP14
1 |
1 |

No evidence text available
SQSTM1 affects USP14
| 1
SQSTM1 activates USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"TRIM14 inhibits the p62‐mediated autophagic degradation of p100/p52 by recruiting USP14 to cleave K63‐linked ubiquitin chains at K332/338/341 of p100/p52."
RUNX-CBFbeta heterodimers affects USP14
| 1
USP14 binds RUNX-CBFbeta heterodimers. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"RUNX-CBFbeta heterodimers bind to their consensus target sequence, TGT and CGGT, and either activate or repress the transcription of target genes."
RPS5 affects USP14
| 1
RPS5 activates USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"These results indicate that effect of S5 in Beclin1 polyubiquitination , Bcl2 and Beclin1 dissociation , autophagy activation , and M1 polarization inhibition is significantly dependent on USP14 ."
RNF168 affects USP14
| 1
| 1

reach
"Additionally, USP14 directly interacted with RNF168, which depended on the MIU1 domain of RNF168."
Proteasome affects K63
| 1
Proteasome binds USP14 and K63. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Further study will be required to determine if proteasome bound USP14 can interact with K63 linked ubiquitin chains or, alternatively, whether USP14 's DUB activity can be stimulated by a novel binding partner, allowing it to be active when not bound to the proteasome."
PSMD6 affects USP14
1 |
1 |

No evidence text available
PSMA3 affects USP14
1 |
1 |

No evidence text available
PIK3CD affects USP14
| 1
PIK3CD inhibits USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"PIK3CD overexpression attenuated the inhibitory effectiveness of USP14 knockdown on proliferation, migration and tube formation of DR cell model."
PFAS affects USP14
1 |
1 |

No evidence text available
PCAT6 affects USP14
| 1
USP14 binds PCAT6. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Moreover, PCAT6 bound USP14, a deubiquitinase, to induce the deubiquitination of VEGFR2."
Nxf1 CAST affects USP14
| 1
Nxf1 CAST inhibits USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Nxf1 CAST Suppresses RNA, Protein, and Phenotypic Expression of Usp14 axJ."
NTRK1 affects USP14
1 |
1 |

No evidence text available
NS4B affects USP14
| 1
NS4B inhibits USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"As shown in Fig. 5a, expression of HCV NS4B led to reduced USP14 protein levels in both 293T cells and HepG2 cells especially at 48-h post-transfection, indicating that HCV NS4B activates the proteasome-ubiquitin pathway."
NM_012094 ] affects USP14
| 1
NM_012094 ] inhibits USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"NM_012094] was amplified by PCR using forward primer 5 '-GGC CGT GAA TTC GGT ATG GGA CTA GCT GGC-3 ' (Eco RI site underlined) and reverse primer 5 '-TAA TCT GCG GCC GC G CCT CAG AGC TGT GAG AT-3 ' (No[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
NDRG1 affects USP14
1 |
1 |

No evidence text available
NCIT:C17764 affects HSPA8
| 1

sparser
"Overexpression of mutant USP14-W58A disrupted the interaction of USP14 with the 26S proteasome, while enhanced the binding of USP14 to the HSC70 chaperone and GABARAP autophagic protein ( xref )."
MHY-1485 affects USP14
| 1
MHY-1485 activates USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"In addition, MHY-1485, an activator of mTOR signaling, reversed the effects of USP14 knockdown on PDGF-BB-induced HASMCs."
MEE12 affects USP14
| 1
| 1

sparser
"Specific CEN -binding of CBF3 is mediated by a Cep3 subunit of one of the CBF3 protomers that forms major groove interactions with the conserved and essential CCG and TGT motifs of CDEIII."
K63-ubiqutination Beclin1 affects USP14
| 1
K63-ubiqutination Beclin1 inhibits USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"IU1 inhibits USP14 by preventing its docking on the proteasome and increases K63-ubiqutination of Beclin1 ( ref ."
K63 affects USP14
| 1
Proteasome binds USP14 and K63. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Further study will be required to determine if proteasome bound USP14 can interact with K63 linked ubiquitin chains or, alternatively, whether USP14 's DUB activity can be stimulated by a novel binding partner, allowing it to be active when not bound to the proteasome."
Ischemia affects USP14
| 1
| 1

reach
"Our data implied that placental ischemia promotes upregulation of USP14, and the latter enhances the production of proinflammatory cytokines via activation of NF‐κB signaling, leading to worsening preeclampsia progression."
IU1 treatment affects USP14
| 1
IU1 treatment inhibits USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

eidos
"A recent study involving selective inhibition of USP14 by IU1 treatment accelerated the degradation of proteins under proteotoxic stress in MM [ 141 ] , but inhibition of both 19S proteasome-associated DUBs resulted in the accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins [ 130 ] ."
IL6 affects USP14
| 1
IL6 inhibits USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Further, ubiquitin experiment and co-immunoprecipitation assay showed that USP14 upregulated IL-6 protein expression by reducing the ubiquitination of IL-6, and overexpression of IL-6 reversed the inhibitory effect of USP14 shRNA on LPS-treated GMECs ferroptosis."
HTT affects USP14
1 |
1 |

No evidence text available
HSPA8 affects NCIT:C17764
| 1

sparser
"Overexpression of mutant USP14-W58A disrupted the interaction of USP14 with the 26S proteasome, while enhanced the binding of USP14 to the HSC70 chaperone and GABARAP autophagic protein ( xref )."
GGT1 affects USP14
| 1
Mutated USP14 binds GGT1. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"We conclude from the DNA adduct and Ki-ras mutation studies that bay region diol-epoxide-2 '-deoxyguanosine PAH-DNA adducts are associated with the GGT --> TGT mutations, and cyclopenta ring oxide-2 '-deoxyguanosine adducts associated with the GGT --> CGT mutations."
GAPDH affects USP14
| 1
GAPDH inhibits USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Primer sequences were as follows: GAPDH forward TTG AAG TCG CAG GAG ACA ACC; GAPDH reverse ATG TGT CCG TCG TGG ATC; BDNF forward GTG ACA GTA TTA GCG AGT GGG; BDNF reverse GGG ATT ACA CTT GGT CTC GTA G; Fos forward TCC CCA AAC TTC GAC CAT G; Fos reverse CAT GCT GGA GAA GGA GTC G. Immunofluorescence."
GABARAP affects USP14
| 1

sparser
"Overexpression of mutant USP14-W58A disrupted the interaction of USP14 with the 26S proteasome, while enhanced the binding of USP14 to the HSC70 chaperone and GABARAP autophagic protein ( xref )."
FMN affects USP14
| 1
FMN activates USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"The riboflavin mediated photosensitization reaction of a TGT trinucleotide with a lysine tripeptide (KKK) resulted in a major product [Gua-Lys (epsilon-amino)] that has a cross-link between the C8 of [MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
CSH1 affects Ubiquitin
| 1
| 1

sparser
"Here, we compare the structure of the PL pro -Ub complex with those of the USP2-Ub (PDB entry 2hd5; Renatus et al., 2006) , USP14-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 2ayo; Hu et al., 2005) and HAUSP-Ub aldehyde (PDB entry 1nbf; Hu et al., 2002) complexes ( Supplementary Fig. S6 )."
CREBBP affects USP14
| 1
| 1

reach
"Furthermore, coimmunoprecipitation studies showed an association between USP14 and CBP (XREF_FIG), which was unaffected by LPS (XREF_FIG)."
CREB1 affects USP14
1 |
CREB1 decreases the amount of USP14. 1 / 1
1 |

No evidence text available
CNTLN affects USP14
| 1
CNTLN inhibits USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"This discrepancy in centrosomal protein stability may result from the ability of WP1130 to inhibit USP5, USP14, and UCH37 in addition to USP9X."
CA3 affects USP14
| 1
CA3 inhibits USP14. 1 / 1
| 1

sparser
"A muscle specific inactivation of Usp14 has not been reported to date."
BACH2 affects USP14
1 |
BACH2 decreases the amount of USP14. 1 / 1
1 |

No evidence text available
1 |
Aroclor 1254 decreases the amount of USP14. 1 / 1
1 |

No evidence text available
Akt inhibitors affects USP14
| 1
Akt inhibitors leads to the phosphorylation of USP14 on S432. 1 / 1
| 1

reach
"Finally, USP14 S432 is dramatically more phosphorylated in PTEN knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), which carry high levels of Akt activity, than that of WT MEFs as determined by western blotting using the phospho-USP14 (S432) antibody and phos-tag electrophoresis (XREF_FIG), and the phosphorylation of USP14 S432 was blocked by Akt inhibitors (XREF_FIG)."
Activin affects USP14
| 1
| 1

reach
"Transcription factor FAST-1 is a transcriptional regulator of TGF-beta signaling, because it exhibits TGF-beta and activin dependent DNA binding to the motif TGT (G/T) (T/G) ATT, which is present on t[MISSING/INVALID CREDENTIALS: limited to 200 char for Elsevier]"
AKR1B10 affects USP14
| 1
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sparser
"Usp14 inhibition by 1D18 and 1B10 resulted in a slight decrease in retiree presentation while IU1 treatment did not diminish retiree presentation ( xref )."
AGT affects USP14
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AGT increases the amount of USP14. 1 / 1
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reach
"In an angiotensin II (AngII) induced primary neonatal rat cardiomyocyte hypertrophy model, USP14 expression was increased in a time dependent manner, and reduced USP14 deubiquitinase activity or USP14 knockdown resulted in lower expression levels of the myocardial hypertrophy specific marker beta-MHC, and subsequent decreased GSK-3beta phosphorylation."
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5-fluorouracil decreases the amount of USP14. 1 / 1
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No evidence text available
3-methylcholanthrene decreases the amount of USP14. 1 / 1
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No evidence text available
2c-biotin affects USP14
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USP14 binds 2c-biotin. 1 / 1
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reach
"Figure XREF_FIG confirms that in vivo 2c-biotin binds with comparable intensity USP14 and UCH-L5."

No evidence text available