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Hydroxychloroquine inhibits COVID-19. 51 / 51
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"[63] Hydroxychloroquine, also, is likely to attenuate the severe progression of COVID-19, inhibiting the cytokine storm by suppressing T-cell activation."
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"These complementary randomized controlled trials are innovatively designed and adequately powered to rapidly answer urgent questions regarding the effectiveness of hydroxychloroquine to reduce virus transmission and disease severity of COVID-19 during a pandemic."
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"We therefore aim to conduct the first randomized placebo-controlled trial of HCQ to prevent COVID-19 infections in front line health care workers at high risk of SARS-CoV-2 exposure as we prepare for escalating rates of COVID-19 in Toronto, Canada.The HEROS study is a double-blind, randomized placebo controlled trial of oral HCQ 400 mg taken once daily for three months as PrEP to prevent COVID-19 in front line health care workers at high risk for SARS-CoV-2 exposure."
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"The authors concluded that HCQ does not seem to prevent COVID-19, at least its severe forms, in patients with SLE since most of the SLE patients in this study received long-term treatment with HCQ, having blood concentrations of the drug within the therapeutic range."
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"Secondary COVID-19 rates have shown to be reduced by hydroxychloroquine as pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis in patients with documented exposure to SARS-CoV-2, making it a candidate for chemoprophylaxis of secondary COVID-19 [115]."
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"However, there is no hard evidence that hydroxychloroquine reduces the risk of COVID-19 so far.A recent article in the Lancet journal about hydroxychloroquine role and use has been retracted [38] ."
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"Although a subsequent smaller randomized clinical trial (30 patients) showed little to no effect5, HCQ was shown to significantly reduce the incidence and duration of COVID-19 pneumonia in a larger randomized clinical trial (62 patients)6."
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"The mechanism underlining the asymptomatic infection is unknown , however , if CQ or HCQ is used to prevent COVID-19 , there could be undesirable consequences ."
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"Furthermore, drug testing suggest that prophylaxis with hydroxychloroquine at approved doses may prevent COVID-19 infection and amend viral shedding [17]."
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No evidence text available
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"b) Does prophylactic CQ or HCQ reduce the severity of COVID-19 in those subsequently infected, as measured by range or symptoms and laboratory or radiologic abnormalities, need or duration of hospitalization and ICU stay, and subsequent mortality?"
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"Initial experiences with the use of hydroxychloroquine to prevent COVID-19 also seem promising."
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"36 Interestingly, computer simulations suggest that hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine are predicted to bind to the active site of the enzyme UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase, which catalyzes the rate determining step in the sialic acid biosynthesis pathway, 37 and thus there is a rational basis to assume hydroxychloroquine can interfere in terminal glycosylation of proteins in the Golgi apparatus.In a small unrandomized clinical cohort of 80 patients the combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin has been shown to rapidly reduce viral load in COVID-19 patients and ameliorate clinical symptoms in the majority of patients."
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"The World Health Organization announced that their trial would resume , and hours later a highly anticipated study was published from the University of Minnesota , which found that hydroxychloroquine failed to prevent COVID-19 ( 8) ."
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"However, there is no hard evidence that hydroxychloroquine reduces the risk of COVID-19 so far."
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"1, 2 An open-label non-randomized clinical trial suggested that HCQ treatment reduces viral load in COVID-19 patients, and this effect is reinforced using azithromycin."
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"Hydroxychloroquine reduce the acute evolution of COVID-19 by suppressing the cytokine storm by inhibiting T cell activation."
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"42 Chloroquine phosphate and HCQ Chloroquine phosphate is known to inhibit COVID-19, 43 SARS COV-1, 44, 45 and influenza A and B virus in vitro, 46, 47 and HIV-1 in patients."
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"HCQ is likely to attenuate the severe progression of COVID-19, inhibiting the cytokine storm by suppressing T cell activation."
32196083
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"HCQ is likely to attenuate the severe progression of COVID-19, inhibiting the cytokine storm by suppressing T cell activation."
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"However, in many other countries (the USA, UK, and EU countries) did not resort to any such measures.Anti-malarial drug hydroxychloroquine was suggested to reduce the COVID-19 risk in health workers with potential for retinal and cardiac toxicity."
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"It has also been suggested that hydroxychloroquine could prevent COVID-19 infection and other trials are evaluating hydroxychloroquine alone or in combination in a prevention strategy."
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"HCQ is likely to attenuate the severe progression of COVID-19, inhibiting the cytokine storm by suppressing T cell activation."
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"We should therefore act cautiously before initiating prospective interventional studies on the use of HCQ to reduce adverse effects of COVID-19."
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No evidence text available
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"We sought to determine whether hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) application may reduce the death risk of critically ill COVID-19 patients."
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"DISCUSSION: These complementary randomized-controlled trials are innovatively designed and adequately powered to rapidly answer urgent questions regarding the effectiveness of hydroxychloroquine to reduce virus transmission and disease severity of COVID-19 during a pandemic."
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"HCQ treatment significantly reduced the fatality of critically ill COVID-19 patients compared with NHCQ treated patients (*P<0.001)."
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"Another concern of this study is that about 60% HCQ-treated patients received azithromycin simultaneously, which increases risk of QT-interval prolongation and sudden death.In summary, this retrospective study demonstrates that HCQ significantly reduces death risk of critically ill COVID-19 patients without apparent toxicity, and its mechanism of action is likely mediated through its inhibition of inflammatory cytokines on top of its ability in inhibiting viral replication."
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"Clearly, the effectiveness of HCQ to prevent or reduce infection and thereby impact the clinical course of COVID-19 remains highly contentious at this time."
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"Meanwhile, the offlabel use of CQ and HCQ to prevent or treat COVID-19 in Africa and elsewhere must be viewed with greatest caution, considering potential serious toxicities and benefit versus risk."
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"At the same time, HCQ can effectively reduce the COVID-19 virus copy number [19] ."
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"A study revealed that hydroxychloroquine alone or in combination with azithromycin reduced COVID-19 RNA detection in upper respiratory tract specimens compared to a non-control group [21] ."
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"While HCQ inhibits the entry of COVID-19 into host cells via suppressing the glycosylation and membrane attachment of ACE2, the most important function of ACE2 is to convert a physiological vasoconstrictor (AngII) to a vasodilator (Ang1-7)."
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"Further, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, and off-label antiviral drugs, such as the nucleotide analogue remdesivir, HIV protease inhibitors lopinavir and ritonavir, broad-spectrum antiviral drugs arbidol and favipiravir as well as antiviral phytochemicals available to date may prevent spread of SARS-CoV-2 and morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 pandemic."
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"This study demonstrates that HCQ, a less toxic derivative of CQ, has dramatically decreased the fatality of critically ill patients of COVID-19 by attenuating the inflammatory cytokine storm.From February 1, 2020 to April 4, 2020, a total of 550 critically ill COVID-19 patients were admitted to Tongji Hospital, including 344 males and 206 females."
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"It is worth highlighting that the authors of the studies assessing the in vitro antiviral effect of CQ and HCQ point out that the relatively low safety index of these drugs warrants a cautious approach when designing any clinical trials.1,2An open-label non-randomized clinical trial suggested that HCQ treatment reduces viral load in COVID-19 patients, and this effect is reinforced using azithromycin."
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"Another study has shown that the administration of hydroxychloroquine reduced the morbidity of COVID-19 pneumonia [101,102,103]."
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"However, in many other countries (the USA, UK, and EU countries) did not resort to any such measures.Anti-malarial drug hydroxychloroquine was suggested to reduce the COVID-19 risk in health workers with potential for retinal and cardiac toxicity.This drug has diverse modes of action, including inhibition of cytokine storms in the host cell which work against the viral infections and help prevent deaths."
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"Hydroxychloroquine reduce the acute evolution of COVID-19 by suppressing the cytokine storm by inhibiting T cell activation."
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"Hydroxychloroquine inhibits SARS-CoV-2unpublished study of 62 COVID-19 patients, undertaken after the observation that none of a cohort 80 lupus patients in Wuhan on chronic hydroxychloroquine therapy developed COVID-19 infection, 62 patients with mild COVID-19 symptoms and signs of COVID-19 pneumonia on CT scan were randomized to 200mg of hydroxychloroquine orally twice daily for 5 days and usual care or usual care alone."
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"The results indicated that hydroxychloroquine with or without 394azithromycin is ineffective to reduce COVID-19 mortality risk in hospitalized patients (Figure 2 and 395 3 Figure S1 )."
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"In a small case series, a combination of azithromycin and hydroxychloroquine has shown to reduce detection of COVID-19 compared with hydroxychloroquine alone."
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"These data have been extrapolated to hypothesize that HCQ may prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection and attenuate the course and severity of the COVID-19 disease12."
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"This study confirmed that both CQ and HCQ can interact with ACE2 and inhibit the entry of pseudoviruses.CQ has been reported to be an endocytosis blocking agent, and can inhibit ZIKA virus infection in different cell models [23] , similarly, COVID-19 was driven by endocytosis after binding to ACE2, and was blocked by CQ and HCQ."
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"Hydroxychloroquine, which reduces the viral load in COVID-19 patients, appears to be more effective when used in combination with azithromycin.20 Remdesivir proved its potential against COVID-19 by displaying clinical improvement."
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"HCQ has just been reported to efficiently inhibit COVID-19 infection in vitro (Liu, J. et al. unpublished results)."
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"The aim of this systematic review and this meta-analysis was to bring a new overview on this controversial drug and to assess whether hydroxychloroquine could reduce COVID-19 mortality risk in hospitalized patients."
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